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Dravidian languages
DRAVIDIAN COGNATES FROM REPRESENTATIVE LANGUAGES

A list of Dravidian cognates from representative languages is provided in the table.

Dravidian cognates from representative languages

ety. 1 gloss Tamil Kannada Tulu Telugu Gondi Kui
DED
no.

1 752 village r r ru ru

2 1159a eye ka ka ka kan(n)u kan, ka kanu

3 1479 leg klu klu kr klu kl ku

4 3103 head talai tale tar tala tal tlau

5 1977a ear cevi kiwi kebi cewi kewi

6 2023 hand kai kay, key kai cyi kai kaju

7 4096 milk pl pl, hl pr plu pl pu

8a 2674a salt uppu uppu uppu uppu

8b 2674b salty uvar ogar ubar ogaru sovar, sru

hovar,
ovar

9 5159 river, yu/u r u r ju

water

10 4111a tree maram, mara mara mrnu, ma, mrnu

maran mrku ma

11 183 mother, amm am(m)a amma am(m)a ammal ama

woman

12 4149 child, piai pie pi pilla pil(l)a

girl

13 4616 daughter, maka maga maga maguwa miy

woman

14 990d one onu ondu oji okai u,

und

15 480 two (n.) irau erau ra reu ra re

dual, r/ir-u ir-V ir- r/iru ir- r-/ri-
double
(adj.)
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16 5052 three (n.) mnu mu mji mu mn mnji

triple m-/ m- m-/ m-/ m-/
(adj.) 2 muC- muC- mu-
muC-

17 5160 I (nom.) yn/nn n/nn ynu nu/nnu an/nan nu/nnu

I en(n)- en-/nan- en-/ nan-/n n n
(oblique) ena-

18 3684 thou n nn(u) nwu nimm n

(nom.) nin- ninn- nin- nin-/n - n n
thou
(obl.)

19 1 he, that avan avan ye wu r aanju

man
(nom.)

20 1957 to do cey- key-, gey- gei- cy-/cey- k- ki-

21 4778 to be, to mannu- man- man- man-

live manai mane man maniki
house

22 5270 to come var-, v- bar-, b- bar- wacc, r- wy-, v-

wa-

23 3263 to eat tin- tin- tin- tin- tind tin- (tis-)

(tin--) (tin-d-) (ti --) (titt-)

24 5516 to hear, vin- win ven- ven-

to ask (wi -) (vett-) (ves-)

25 2426 to die c- (cett-) sy- sai- cacc-, ca-, sy- (st-) s- (st-)
(satt-) c-

ety. DED gloss Parji Kolami Kurukh Brahui 3

Proto-Dravidian
no.

1 752 village r ur *r

2 1159a eye kan kan xann xan *ka

3 1479 leg kl kl trikkal *kl

4 3103 head tel tal *tal-ay

5 1977a ear ke-kol kev xeb(d) *kew-i

6 2023 hand key k xekkh *kay

7 4096 milk pl pl plh *pl

8a 2674a salt cup sup *cup(p)

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8b 2674b salty *cup+ar [*cuw-ar]

9 5159 river, *yu

water

10 4111a tree meri mk mann *mar-am/-an

11 183 mother, amm *amm-a

woman

12 4149 child, pilla pello pillt *pi-ay

girl

13 4616 daughter, ml *mak-V-

woman

14 990d one nd asi *on-u

15 480 two (n.) iru indi ira *ir-a- u

dual, ir- ir- ir- ir- * r/*ir-V-
double
(adj.)

16 5052 three (n.) m~nduk mndi mnd musi *muH-nu

triple m/muy muy nu- musi *muH-
(adj.)

17 5160 I (nom.) n n n *yn/*n

I an- an- eg kan- *yan-/*an-
(oblique)

18 3684 thou n nn n *nn

(nom.) in- in- nig n-/n- *nin-/*n
thou
(obl.)

19 1 he, that d/ am/amd s aw-anu

man
(nom.)

20 1957 to do kak- key k-, kan- *key

21 4778 to be, to man- men- man- mann- *man

live,
house

22 5270 to come ver (ve-) v-, var- bar- bar-, ba-, *waH-,
bann- *waH-r-

23 3263 to eat tin- (tin- tin- (tin- tind- *tin-

d-) d-) (*tin--/--)

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24 5516 to hear, vin- ven- men- bin- *win- (*win--/--)

to ask (vint-) (vend-) (menj-) (bing-)

25 2426 to die cay(ca-) khe kah- *caH-/*cH-

>*cay/*cy-
(kecc-) (kask-,
kas)

1
Dravidian Etymological Dictionary.
2
C indicates a consonant, V indicates a vowel, and H indicates a laryngeal. Parentheses following
verbs contain the past stem, while the symbol > indicates that the preceding item was replaced
by the item that follows.
3
An asterisk (*) indicates that a preceding word is unattested but has been deduced from
attested derivatives.

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