Tamil Flowers

1.
kntal
Can be either Malabar Glory lily or Indian Coral tree or Scarlet Bahunia.
RangaRakes tamilnavarasam.com
2. mpal :
n. 1. [K. bal, M. Tu. m- bal.] White water Lily . ( .)
3. aniccam
, n. prob. a-nitya. Flower supposed to be so delicate as to droop or even perish when smelt;
. ( , 90).
Imaginary flower or flower which is extinct. NO satisfactory identification yet. One of the
probable identification,
4. kuvalai
Fragrant water lily !#$.
5. % kurici :
Square-branched conehead, Strobilanthes kunthianus.
6. & vetci :
Scarlet ixora, m. sh., Ixora coccinea;
7. ' cen-kodu-vri
See (. Rosy-flowered leadwort, m. cl., Plumbago rosea;

+ (.
8. t-m ( )
,[M. t- mvu.] Sweet mango, 1. tr., Mangifera indica; .
9. Maniccikai
Maiccikai is identified as kui by TL but since kui also figures in the list later this
identification doesnt seem appropriate. Sami has identified as Ipomea Sepiaria. Tamil Lexicon
identifies this flower as macikai. In Sanskrit this flower is known as manjika.
10. ./ untl
01 - Large bamboo, 1. tr., Bambusa arundinaca; 1 .
11.2 kvliam
kuvil. [M. kvaam.] 1. Bael. . Aegle marmelos;
12. 4/ erul
A hill tree with red flowers; + %78 .
Paper flower climber.
13.9 culli :
Porcupine flower-Barleria prionitis L.

There is very high possiblity that cui is just small twigs- instead of a flower.
14. 2 kviram
(flower of) A mountain tree; . ( % . 66.)
sacred garlic pear
15. vada-vanam
Vanam is identified as either tuaci, Ocimum sanctum or kuimi, Ocimum sanctum

hirsutum. Ocimum sanctum hirsutum, variety of Ocimum sanctum, might be proper
identification since tuaci figures in the list(tulay). Sami interprets vadavanam as northern tuaci
and identifies it as ram tuaci ocimum gratissimum.
16. vkai
[K. Tu. bge, M. vga.] Sirissa/womens tounge; Albizzia lebbeck; .
17. kutacam :
-Conessi bark, s. tr., Holarrhena anti- dysenterica;
18. 0 eruvai :
Eruvai has been identified as krai by Naccinarkiniyar.Sami identifies eruvai in line with some
old commentary to be bulrush variety, Typha angustata.
19. 0 ceru-vilai
- White-flowered mussell-shell creeper, s. cl., Clitoria ternatea-

albiflora;
20. 0 karu-vilam :
&: kkkatn - Mussell-shell creeper, s. cl., Clitoria ternatea typica;
21. payini
(flower of) n. [Tu. pini.] A kind of tree peculiar to hilly tracts;
: - Indian gum anime,Vateria indica.
22. vni :
$ rkkuli - white hard wood, Euonymus dichotomus.
23. kuravam
kur n. cf. kurava. Bottle-flower, s. tr., Webera corymbosa; .
24. 9 ( pacu-m-pidi :
-Mysore gamboge, l. tr., Garcinia xanthochymus;
25. vakulam :
/ - n. < makula. Pointed-leaved ape-flower, l. tr., Mimusaps elangi;
26. ky
n. 1. Ironwood tree, s. tr., Memecylon edule; .
27. virai
n. Tanners senna, 1. sh., Cassia auriculata;
28. vral
Vral is identified as Ciu-mkil by Naccinarkiniyar , lexicon identifies ciumkil as

Dendrocalamus strictus. Sami has identified it as arundinaria wightiana. Sami bases his
identification from Naiai 232 poem description of this plant near sholas forming live fences
for small mountain village. The vernacular name of this plant is Chewari and it is common on the
Nilgris where it covers the upper slopes of the hills above 1800 m, chiefly as an under wood in
the evergreen sholas.
29. < cral
< - Oblique-leaved jujube, Zizyphus oenoplia;
30. 4 ciu-plai :
A common wayside weed, Aerua lanata; =

0 .
31. 44 ? kuru-naru--kani
:4-. [M. kunni.] 1. Crabs eye, m. cl., Abrus precatorius; : (.
32. 0 kurukilai
0 -Ficus virens Ait. White Fig
33. 0 marutam
08 may be -1. Arjuna. See #$08. 2. Black winged myrobalan. See 008. 3.
Flowering murdah. See 08.
008 might be the right identification. Terminalia elliptica -Indian Laurel.
34. knkam :
+ False tragacanth, Cochlospermum gossypium;
35. pnkam :
Ponkam and tilkam both are identified as Manjadi. Tilkam is Adenanthera paronina and ponkam
is Ormosia travancorica Bedd. also known as Manjadi in vernacular name.
horse-eye beans Ormosia travancorica Bedd.
36. tilakam :
%( maci- Red-wood,Adenanthera paronina
37. ' ptiri
[T. pdiri, K. pdari.] Yellow-flowered fragrant trumpet- flower tree, 1. tr., Stereospermum
chelonoides; : = + .
38. 0 cerunti
cilanti -Panicled golden-blossomed pear tree, Ochna squarrosa;
39. atiral
Hog-creeper. @ -Derris scandens
40. ? canpakam
Champak, l. tr., Michelia champaca;
41. karantai :
P.L.Sami and K.Sivathambi identify Karantai as Sphaeranthus indicus- east Indian globe thistle.
42. kulavi :
It can be either Indian cork Millingtonia hortensis or Patchouli Pogostemon Cablin
43. m @ puim
Wild variety of Mango.Mangifera pinnata.
44. tillai :
Blinding tree, s. tr., Excoecaria agallocha;
45. plai
Paalai is very broad category. Many flowers may be denoted by Paalai .
P.L.Sami identifies it as Wrigthia Tinctoria and K.Sivathambi identifies it as Mimusops kauki.
46. = mullai
, n. [T. molla, K. molle, M. mulla.]
1. Arabian jasmine, m. sh., Jasminum sambac;
2.Jasminum trichotomum
3.Jasminum auriculatum
47. % kaca-kullai
Kullai is identified as Kancan Kullai by Naccinarkiniyar . Which is nothing but Ganja Indian
Hemp.
48. pitavam
Bedaly emetic-nut, Randia malabarica;
49. 0 cne-karunkli
Red catechu, m. tr., Acacia sundra;
50. vlai
, n. < id. [K. ble, M. vla, Tu. vre.] Plantain, Musa paradisiaca;
51. valli
Could be lot of yam varieties. Dioscorea Sp.
52. A neytal
1. [K. neydal.] Red- blue water-lily, Nymphaea stellata; .
53. tlai (page 1854)
Spathe of the coconut tree; - Coconut flower with the integument covering it;
: .
54. talavam
Talavam is identified as semmullai red jasmine.
There are two varieties of Jasmine with red color
1.Red Kunda - Jasminum elongatum
2.Red Jasmine - Jasminum polyanthum
55. tamarai
, n. < tmarasa. 1. Lotus, Nelumbium speciosum;
56. lal :
1. Orange cup-calyxed brasiletto-climber wagaty. Caesalpinia cucullata
57. mauval
Poets Jasmine Jasminum officinale
58. ( kokudi
Indian jasmine - Jasminum pubescens Vernacular name in Malayalam is kurukati mulla.
59. ctal
- Night-flowering jasmine, s. tr., Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
60. cemmal
- Spanish Jasmin - Jasminum grandiflorum; = .
61.4 ciru-cen-kurali
A mountain creeper; 0 (.
Sami Identifies it as Water Chestnut - Trapa bispinosa.
62. ktal
? ve-knta- White species of Malabar glory lily, m. cl., Gloriosa superba;

(. (@. 90, .)
Yellow glory lilly - Gloriosa superba
63. kaitai
[M. kaid.] Fragrant screw-pine. . Pandanus odoratissimus;
64. valai
9@: cura-punai Long-leaved two-sepalled gamboge, Ochrocarpus longifolius;
.
65. % kci
, n. 1. River portia. See D4 9. , Trewia nudiflora;
66. 0 karun--kuvalai 0 ( )
Red Water Lily- Nymphaea rubra; .
67. $ pnkar
, n. Tooth brush tree. uk - Salvadora persica; .
.
68. maram
Lac tree - Shorea talura
69. tanakkam
Whirling Nut , Gyrocarpus jacquinii (synonym Gyrocarpus americanus) vernacular name in

Telugu Tanakkam
.
70. nkai
nkai is identified as Mimosa rubicaulis by Lexicon. And Sami identifies a similar species
Mimosa torta (synonyms of acacia caesia mentioned in his paper). Mimosa torta seems to be
right identification since Mimosa rubicaulis has habitat of Himalayas and is not natural to Tamil
Nadu.
71. ilavam
Red-flowered silk-cotton tree, Bombax malabaricum;
72. : konrai
: - Indian laburnum, m. tr., Cassia fistula; %

:.
.
73. @ atumpu
, n. [K. Tu. aumbu, M. aumbu.] Hare leaf. @. [M. aampu.] Hare-leaf, m. cl., Ipomaea
biloba L.
74. 7 tti
tti can either be Bauhinia racemosa or Bauhinia tomentosa

Royal Flower worn by the Chola Kings
75. avarai
[K. M. Tu. avara.] Field-bean, cl., Dolichos lablab; (.
76. : pakanrai
civatai, Indian jalap, l. cl., Ipomaea turpethum; (.
77. palcam
Palas-tree, Butea frondosa;
78. ?( pinti
acku , Aka tree, Saraca indica;
79. % vaci
Rattan Palm -Calamus rotang L.
80. 7 pittikam
Wild Jasmine - Jasminum angustifolium
81. 8 cintuvram
Five-leaved Chaste tree - Vitex negundo L.
82. 8 tumpai
[T. tumma, K. tumbe.] 1Bitter toombay, a common weed, Leucas aspera;
83. 8A tuly
, n. cf. tulas. Sacred basil - 8 tuaci - Sacred basil, Ocimum sanctum; 078A.
84. : tnri
Malabar glory lily. . Gloriosa superba;
85. nanti
& nantiyvaam, n. < nandyvarta. East Indian rosebay, , Tabernaemontana

coronaria;
86. naravam
Indian lavanga- Luvunga scandens P.L.Samis identification.
87. @: punkam
Calophyllum elatum Vernacular name - Poon
88. pram
07 parutti, [K. parti, M. parutti.] Indian cotton-plant, Gossypium herbaceum; %9
? % (.
89. H pram
H$ prkku, n. [T. brakya.] Sponge gourd, strainer-vine, , Luffa acutangula;

(.
90. 0 7 kurukkatti ,
Common delight of the woods, m. cl., Hiptage madablota; (.
91. ram
. Sandalwood tree, Santalum album;
92. / klvai
akil [M. akil, Heb. ahalim, Gr. agallochon.] Eagle-wood, Aquilaria agallocha;
93. @: punnai ,
n. < punnga. Mast-wood, Calophyllum inophyllum;
94. narantam
Malabar Lemon Grass-Cymbopogon flexuosus ; Fragrant Grass.
95. nka-p-p ,
4 - Ironwood of Ceylon, Mesua ferrea;
96. 0 nalirulnri :
0&.- jasminum sambac var.
iruvatchi/'virupakshi
Pictures of Iruvatchi Jasmine in these slides are the only available pics of these flowers in
internet. It took us more than a month to find this flower. This flower has less commercial value,
hence couldnt be found in any flower markets. But we got information from the flower sellers
that this flower was used by hair weavers who weave for marriage sauvri. These flowers are used
as decoration, these flowers have longer stem hence can be use to poke into the weaved hair.
Those hair weavers wouldnt sell it and after persuasion the flowers were bought and
photographed. Thanks to Mr.Mahendran Sa, Mr.Balakumaran Kamaraj and his mother,
Gopalapuram Krishna temple florist Mr.Murugesan, my parents and Mr. Jagannathan Narayanan
97. 0 kuruntam
0 8 kuruntu -Wild lime-Indian Atalantia, Atlantia monophylla; @I .
98. vnkai
East Indian kino tree, Pterocarpus marsupium;
99. @ pulaku
Crown Flower-Calotropis gigantea

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1.

n. 1. [K. bal, M. Tu. m- bal.] White water Lily . ( .)

Fragrant water lily !#$.

Square-branched conehead, Strobilanthes kunthianus.

See (. Rosy-flowered leadwort, m. cl., Plumbago rosea;

,[M. t- mvu.] Sweet mango, 1. tr., Mangifera indica; .

01 - Large bamboo, 1. tr., Bambusa arundinaca; 1 .

kuvil. [M. kvaam.] 1. Bael. . Aegle marmelos;

A hill tree with red flowers; + %78 .

Paper flower climber.

Porcupine flower-Barleria prionitis L.

(flower of) A mountain tree; . ( % . 66.)

sacred garlic pear

Vanam is identified as either tuaci, Ocimum sanctum or kuimi, Ocimum sanctum

[K. Tu. bge, M. vga.] Sirissa/womens tounge; Albizzia lebbeck; .

-Conessi bark, s. tr., Holarrhena anti- dysenterica;

- White-flowered mussell-shell creeper, s. cl., Clitoria ternatea-

&: kkkatn - Mussell-shell creeper, s. cl., Clitoria ternatea typica;

(flower of) n. [Tu. pini.] A kind of tree peculiar to hilly tracts;

: - Indian gum anime,Vateria indica.

$ rkkuli - white hard wood, Euonymus dichotomus.

kur n. cf. kurava. Bottle-flower, s. tr., Webera corymbosa; .

-Mysore gamboge, l. tr., Garcinia xanthochymus;

/ - n. < makula. Pointed-leaved ape-flower, l. tr., Mimusaps elangi;

n. 1. Ironwood tree, s. tr., Memecylon edule; .

n. Tanners senna, 1. sh., Cassia auriculata;

Vral is identified as Ciu-mkil by Naccinarkiniyar , lexicon identifies ciumkil as

< - Oblique-leaved jujube, Zizyphus oenoplia;

A common wayside weed, Aerua lanata; =

:4-. [M. kunni.] 1. Crabs eye, m. cl., Abrus precatorius; : (.

0 -Ficus virens Ait. White Fig

008 might be the right identification. Terminalia elliptica -Indian Laurel.

+ False tragacanth, Cochlospermum gossypium;

horse-eye beans Ormosia travancorica Bedd.

%( maci- Red-wood,Adenanthera paronina

cilanti -Panicled golden-blossomed pear tree, Ochna squarrosa;

Hog-creeper. @ -Derris scandens

Champak, l. tr., Michelia champaca;

It can be either Indian cork Millingtonia hortensis or Patchouli Pogostemon Cablin

Wild variety of Mango.Mangifera pinnata.

Paalai is very broad category. Many flowers may be denoted by Paalai .

P.L.Sami identifies it as Wrigthia Tinctoria and K.Sivathambi identifies it as Mimusops kauki.

, n. [T. molla, K. molle, M. mulla.]

1. Arabian jasmine, m. sh., Jasminum sambac;

Bedaly emetic-nut, Randia malabarica;

Red catechu, m. tr., Acacia sundra;

Could be lot of yam varieties. Dioscorea Sp.

1. [K. neydal.] Red- blue water-lily, Nymphaea stellata; .

Talavam is identified as semmullai red jasmine.

There are two varieties of Jasmine with red color

1.Red Kunda - Jasminum elongatum

2.Red Jasmine - Jasminum polyanthum

, n. < tmarasa. 1. Lotus, Nelumbium speciosum;

Poets Jasmine Jasminum officinale

Indian jasmine - Jasminum pubescens Vernacular name in Malayalam is kurukati mulla.

- Night-flowering jasmine, s. tr., Nyctanthes arbor-tristis

- Spanish Jasmin - Jasminum grandiflorum; = .

Sami Identifies it as Water Chestnut - Trapa bispinosa.

? ve-knta- White species of Malabar glory lily, m. cl., Gloriosa superba;

Yellow glory lilly - Gloriosa superba

[M. kaid.] Fragrant screw-pine. . Pandanus odoratissimus;

9@: cura-punai Long-leaved two-sepalled gamboge, Ochrocarpus longifolius;

, n. 1. River portia. See D4 9. , Trewia nudiflora;

Lac tree - Shorea talura