Atomic Theory

by Mr. Bitondo
 Close out Unit 4?
Fold the bottom corner of the all the pages in
UNIT 4. Do it right because it will help both of
us out!
Write this in the margin!!!
Unit 5: Atoms and The Periodic Table
History of the Atom
 Democritus- 460 BC
This is Democritus' atomic theory exactly:
1.All matter consists of invisible
particles called atoms.
2. Atoms are indestructible.
3. Atoms of the same element are
homogenous (exactly the same).
4. Atoms of different elements differ
in size, shape, mass, position, and
arrangement.
5. Atom in Greek- Cant be cut
Liquids are made of large, Solids are made of small,
round atoms. pointy atoms.
 John Dalton- 1803
Dalton's Atomic Theory
1. All matter is made of atoms.
2. Atoms are indivisible and
indestructible.
3. All atoms of a given element
are identical in mass and
properties.
4. Compounds are formed by a
combination of atoms is a
chemical reaction
(rearrangement).
I know it
Isnt bolded
OR
underlined
but please
copy it!
 Daltons Table of
Elements
Notice how different
atoms for each
element look different.
However, atoms of the
same element are
identical (What word
would you use from
last chapter?)
 Joseph John Thomson- 1897
J.J. Thomsons Atomic Theory (1897):
1. discovered the electron using the
cathode ray
2. In addition, he also studied positively
charged particles in neon gas.
3. Realized that the accepted model did not
account for negatively or positively
charged parts
4. Created the Plum Pudding
Model
Raisins- negatively charged particles
Pudding or Dough- positively
charged
Cathode Ray Tube
Yummy Plummy Pudding
 Ernest Rutherford- 1912
1. Tested Thomsons theory by creating
the Gold Foil experiment
2. This experiment shot small
particles at a thin sheet of gold
foil
3. If Thomson was correct, particles
would rebound off the sheet
4. BUT...most went right through,
only a few bounced back
5. Theory, only some of the atom is
solid, the NUCLEUS and most is
empty space, the electrons
Rutherfords Atom
What is missing from
his design?
 Niels Bohr- 1913
1. The Bohr model shows the atom as
a small, positively charged
nucleus surrounded by orbiting
electrons.

2. First to discover ELECTRON

SHELLS or ORBITS

The chemical element bohrium (Bh),

No. 107 on the Periodic Table of the
Elements, is named for him.
Bohrs Atom
Ever hear of the
BOHR MODEL?!?!?!
 James Chadwick-1932
1. Chadwick proved the
existence of neutrons
2. He shot rays at an atom and
realized rays coming from the
atom had no charge...neutrons!
3. Therefore, there subatomic
particles in the nucleus that hold
no charge
4. The Atomic Number is the
number of Protons in an
Atom
Chadwicks Atom
This is the model we
will use in our class to
draw the atom.
Final Time Line...I hope