BUILDING AND DEVELOPMENT LAWS

PD 1096
THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
January 1, 1979
GENERAL PROVISIONS

The provisions of this Code shall apply to the design,

location, siting, construction, alteration, repair,
conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving,
demolition of, and addition to public and private
buildings and structures, except traditional dwellings as
defined herein.
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Enforced by SECRETARY of Public Works

BUILDING OFFICIAL
enforce NBC in their jurisdiction
duties of issuing building permits
Qualifications:
a. A Filipino citizen and Good Moral Character
b. Duly registered Architect or Civil Engineer
c. Member of Accredited organization of not less than
2 years
d. At least 5 years diversified experience in building
design and construction
GENERAL PROVISIONS
CONSTRUCTION
all on-site work done from site preparation, excavation,
foundation, assembly of all the components and installation of
utilities and equipment of buildings/structure
GENERAL PROVISIONS

ERECTION
installation in place of components of a building/ structure

PD 1096

THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE

GENERAL PROVISIONS

ADDITION
any new construction which increases the height or area of an
existing building/structure
GENERAL PROVISIONS

ALTERATION
construction in a building/ structure involving changes in the
materials used, partitioning, location/ size of openings,
structural parts, existing utilities and equipment but does not
increase the overall area thereof.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
RENOVATION
any physical change
made on a building/
structure to increase its
value, utility and/ or to
improve its aesthetic
quality
GENERAL PROVISIONS
CONVERSION
a change in the use
or occupancy of a
building/ structure or
any portion/s thereof
which has different
requirements
GENERAL PROVISIONS

REPAIR
remedial work done on any damaged or deteriorated portion/s
of a building/structure to restore its original condition

MOVING
the transfer of any building/structure or portion/s thereof
from its original location or position to another, either
within the same lot or to a different one

DEMOLITION
the systematic dismantling or destruction of a building/
structure, in whole or in part
GENERAL PROVISIONS

ANCILLARY BUILDING STRUCTURE

a secondary building/ structure located within the same
premises, the use of which is incidental to that of the main
building/structure
ADMINISTRATION & ENFORCEMENT

He (the building official) is charged with the duties of

issuing building permits. In the performance of his duties, a
Building Official may enter any building or its premises at
all reasonable times to inspect and determine compliance
with the requirements of this Code

The Building Official may order the work stopped or order

discontinuance of occupancy or use
ADMINISTRATION & ENFORCEMENT

Enforced by SECRETARY of Public Works

BUILDING OFFICIAL
enforce NBC in their jurisdiction
duties of issuing building permits
Qualifications:
a. A Filipino citizen and Good Moral Character
b. Duly registered Architect or Civil Engineer
c. Member of Accredited organization of not less than
2 years
d. At least 5 years diversified experience in building
design and construction
PERMITS & INSPECTION

PW
CASHIER
ISSUANCE

LINE &
GRADE

ARCHITECTURAL

RECEIVING
STRUCTURAL
& LAND USE
EVALUATION/
RECORDING & ZONING SANITARY/ APPROVAL
PLUMBING
APPLICATION

ELECTRICAL

MECHANICAL
GENERAL PROVISIONS

BUILDING PERMIT
a written authorization granted by the Building Official
to an applicant allowing him to proceed with the
construction of a specific project after plans, specifications
and other pertinent documents have been found to be in
conformity with the National Building Code and its
Implementing Rules and Regulations.
GENERAL PROVISIONS

BUILDING PERMIT EXEMPTIONS

1. Minor Construction
sheds, outhouses, greenhouses, childrens playhouses,
aviaries, poultry houses and the like not exceeding 6sq.m.;
detached from any other building and for owners private
use
addition of open terraces or patios resting directly on the
ground, not exceeding 20sq.m. and for owners private use
installation of window grilles
garden pools for cultivation of water plants and/or
aquarium fish not exceeding 500mm depth
erection of garden walls other than party walls not
exceeding 1.80m in height, cementing of footpaths, garden
walks and/or driveways
GENERAL PROVISIONS

BUILDING PERMIT EXEMPTIONS

2. Repairs
not affecting or involving any structural member, such as
replacement of deteriorated roofing sheets or tiles, gutters,
downspouts, fascias, ceilings and/or sidings
non load-bearing partition walls
any interior portion of a house not involving addition or
alteration
or replacement of windows, flooring, perimeter fence, walls
or replacement of sanitary or plumbing fixtures
or replacement of faulty or deteriorated wiring devices,
fixtures and safety devices provided no alteration shall be
made on the service entrance and main switch or breaker and
no circuits will be added
GENERAL PROVISIONS

BUILDING PERMIT REQUIREMENTS

Application form
Five (5) sets of plans and specifications prepared, signed and
sealed by duly licensed architect and engineers
For lot owners, certified true copies of:
TCT
tax declaration
current real property tax receipt
For non-lot owners, duly notarized copies of:
contract of lease
deed of absolute sale
contract of sale
GENERAL PROVISIONS

BUILDING PERMIT REQUIREMENTS

PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS NOT REQUIRED FOR:
traditional indigenous family dwellings intended for use and
occupancy of owners family; of native materials, cost not
exceeding P15,000
single-detached dwelling up to 20 sq.m.
simple sketch with dimensions, site location and vicinity map
will suffice
GENERAL PROVISIONS

BUILDING PERMIT
NON-ISSUANCE, SUSPENSION AND REVOCATION
errors in plans and specifications
incorrect or inaccurate data supplied
non-compliance with NBC and IRRs

VALIDITY
one year from date of issue
suspension/ abandonment of construction for 120 days
GENERAL PROVISIONS

BUILDING PERMIT FEES

BASES FOR COMPUTING
type of occupancy or use of building
cost of construction (per sqm. based on classification)
area
height
TYPES OF OCCUPANCY
Category I - residential
Category II - commercial and industrial
Category III - social, educational, institutional
Category IV - agricultural
Category V - ancillary
 BULKHEAD OR PENTHOUSE (FULL)

MECHANICAL SPACE (FULL)

PARAPET (0)
OPEN TERRACE (1/2)

OPEN ROOF (0)

SUNSHADES (0)
BALCONIES (1/2)

TYPICAL FLOOR (FULL)

INTERSTITIAL SPACE (0)

FLOOR (FULL)
MECHANICAL SPACE (FULL)

BALCONY (FULL) UPPER SPACE (0)

AUDITORIUM (FULL)

CANOPY AREA (1/2)

ENCLOSED ENTRANCE (FULL)

BASEMENT (FULL)
SUB-BASEMENT (FULL)

BULKHEAD OR PENTHOUSE (FULL) PIPE CHASE 7 CLEAR OR HIGHER

(FULL)

FOUNDATIONS (0)
GENERAL PROVISIONS

BUILDING PERMIT FEES

EXEMPTIONS
traditional indigenous family dwellings
public buildings ( owned, occupied, operated by offices
performing purely government functions )
government-owned housing units constructed by NHA while
title is in governments name
construction by civic organizations, charitable institutions to be
donated to government for public use
buildings/structures owned by electric cooperatives
GENERAL PROVISIONS

CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY
REQUIRED PRIOR TO
use of building/ structure
change in use of occupancy classification

APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
certificate of completion
logbook and Building Inspection Sheet
signed as-built plans and specifications
GENERAL PROVISIONS

CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY
NON-ISSUANCE OR REVOCATION
unauthorized change, modification or alteration in plans and/or
type of construction
failure to engage services of licensed architect or civil engineer
to do full-time supervision
failure of full-time supervisor to submit logbook, Certificate of
Completion, as-built plans, specifications, Building Inspection
Sheet, fire safety Inspection Certificate
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

TYPE I
Wood construction
TYPE II
Wood with one-hour fire-resistive materials
TYPE III
Masonry and wood; incombustible construction for exterior
walls
TYPE IV
Steel, iron, concrete, masonry; incombustible construction for
walls, ceilings and permanent partitions
TYPE V
Structural elements of steel, iron, concrete or masonry;
building shall be fire-resistive
REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE ZONES

Fire zones are areas within which only certain types of

buildings are permitted to be constructed based on their
use or occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to
fire.

NON-FIRE RESTRICTIVE
FIRE-RESTRICTIVE
HIGHLY FIRE-
RESTRICTIVE
REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE ZONES

NON-FIRE RESTRICTIVE ZONES

bldgs./structures are permitted w/o fire resistivity measures

often in country sides or rural areas
commercial & industrial structures sparsely constructed
clustered in small groups
REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE ZONES

FIRE RESTRICTIVE ZONES

bldgs./structures are permitted w/ fire resistivity measures

walls of at least two-hour fire resistivity
one-hour fire resistivity throughout for suburban areas
REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE ZONES

HIGHLY FIRE RESTRICTIVE ZONES

highly fire-resistive or non-combustible structures or

construction assemblies
three to four-hour fire resistivity throughout
FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS

FIRE-RESISTIVE RATING: the degree to which a material

can withstand fire

TIME PERIOD RATING: length of time (in hours) a material

can withstand being burned

FIRE-RESISTIVE STANDARDS: Classification of

construction according to their fire-retardant or flame spread
ratings
FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS

ATTIC ACCESS: 0.60m diameter with .80 clear headroom

above

ENCLOSED ATTIC SPACES: divided into 250sq.m. spaces

by fire-resistive walls and self-closing doors

DRAFT STOPS: must be provided for trussed roofs every

200sq.m. attic area
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

BUILDING/STRUCTURE
A 3-dimensional physical development erected within a lot or
property
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

BUILDING/STRUCTURE
A 3-dimensional physical development erected within a lot or
property

DEVELOPMENT LEVELS
Above grade
At grade
Below grade
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

LOT
The physical setting for any building whereby the level or
intensity of development covering such property is regulated by
development controls.
OCT
Original Certificate of Title
TCT
Transfer Certificate of Title
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF LOT

Maximum extent of physical development that may be
introduced into the lot

CARRYING CAPACITY OF LOT

Optimized extent of physical development w/o causing undue
damage, effects or hardship;
Can be supported by utility, transport and service systems
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

NEW DEVELOPMENT
New physical development within a lot that is open for
development, vacant, unutilized, development-committed or
other lots that are similarly situated

REDEVELOPMENT
Physical development consisting mainly of renovation,
rehabilitation, retrofit, upgrading, expansion within a lot or
property that is under-utilized or unfit for habitation
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

BUILDING HEIGHT LIMIT

Generally measured from established grade line to the topmost
portion of the structure.

GRADE
Lowest point of elevation of finished ground surface between
exterior wall and a point 1.5m from said wall
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

FLOOR-TO-FLOOR HEIGHT
Perpendicular distance or vertical measurement between the
uppermost surfaces (finish level) of two successive floors.

STOREY
Portion of structure between the uppermost surface (finish
level) of any floor and the uppermost surface (finish level) of
the next floor above or below it.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDING HEIGHT

LOW RISE 1-5 storeys 3-15 meters

MID RISE 6-15 storeys 18-45 meters

HIGH RISE 16+ storeys 48+ meters

BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

BUILDING FOOTPRINT
Measured horizontally from the property line to the outermost
faces of the exterior walls of the building/structure
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

PROJECTIONS
Any structurally attached portion
of a building that is outside its
outermost walls

FLOOR PLATE
Gross expanse of a wall measured
from the outermost edges of floor
slabs; may or may not be
representative of the typical floor
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS
A set of inter-acting regulations concerning the physical
utilization of a lot;
Governs planning and design of spaces and the use or
occupancy of a building
a. ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM BUILDING FOOTPRINT (AMBF)
b. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE CONSTRUCTION AREA (MACA)
c. ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM VOLUME OF BUILDING (AMVB)
d. FLOOR TO LOT AREA OR FLOOR AREA RATIO (FLAR/ FAR)
e. PERCENTAGE OF SITE OCCUPANCY (PSO)
f. IMPERVIOUS SURFACE AREA (ISA)
g. UNPAVED SURFACE AREA (USA)
h. TOTAL OPEN SPACE WITHIN LOT (TOSL)
ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM BUILDING FOOTPRINT (AMBF)
PERCENTAGE OF SITE OCCUPANCY (PSO) = Building footprint; excludes basement footprint

IMPERVIOUS SURFACE AREA (ISA)

UNPAVED SURFACE AREA (USA)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE CONSTRUCTION AREA (MACA) = PSO + ISA ; excludes USA

FLOOR TO LOT AREA OR FLOOR AREA RATIO (FLAR/ FAR) = total floor area / total lot area

TOTAL OPEN SPACE WITHIN LOT (TOSL) = ( ISA + USA ) / TLA

TLA = PROPERTY LINE

PSO

ISA BASEMENT
FOOTPRINT

USA
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
FIREWALL
Reinforced masonry or RC separator w/ appropriate fire-
resistive rating and positioned between dwellings/
buildings/structures;
No openings; Cannot be shared
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
ABUTMENT
Semi-permanent or permanent structure along a property line
usually of masonry or reinforced
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
SETBACK
The horizontal distance
measured 90 degrees from
the outermost face of a
building/structure to a
property line.
INCREMENTAL
SETBACK
The horizontal distance
between the outermost
building/structure line of a
lower floor and that of a
higher floor.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
SETBACK
The horizontal distance
measured 90 degrees from
the outermost face of a
building/structure to a
property line.
INCREMENTAL
SETBACK
The horizontal distance
between the outermost
building/structure line of a
lower floor and that of a
higher floor.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
YARD
Vacant space left between the outermost face of the
building and the property lines

FRONT OF LOT
Side of a lot on which the main pedestrian and vehicular
access into the property shall be situated.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
COURT
Unoccupied space between the faces of the building lines and a
yard or another court free, open and unobstructed from the
ground upward.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
PODIUM
Fully enclosed component of the
building situated between the
established grade and the first of a
typical floor of the buildings tower
component
Not more than 12 storeys or
36meters

TOWER
Fully enclosed component of the
building situated between the
podium and roof
Not higher than 5x podium height
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
ROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY (RROW) OR STREET
Public space for continuous flow of pedestrian and vehicular traffic
that must be free from prohibited physical obstructions.
Area lying between two or more properties and its width measured
from opposite property lines
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
AIR RIGHTS
Right to physically develop and subsequently benefit or profit
from the use of air space above the RROW.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
EASEMENT
Public open space that must be absolute free from all forms of
physical obstructions that can negatively affect natural light and
ventilation or that can impede access or the full recreational use
of such space by the general public.
e.g. Waterways, Public utilities, Railroad tracks
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
SIGHTLINES
Line of view from any fixed or moving station point within a
building/structure or from any other open space to a built or
natural structure, formation or vista.

VIEW CORRIDOR
Visually unobstructed width, depth and height of all available
sightlines running through and along RROWs, easements and
open spaces.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A - Residential dwellings
B - Residential, Hotels, Apartments
C - Education and Recreation
D - Institutional
E - Business and Mercantile
F - Industrial
G - Storage and Hazardous
H - Assembly Buildings for less than 1000 occupants
I - Assembly Buildings for 1000 or more occupants
J - Accessory
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A - Residential dwellings
B - Residential, Hotels, Apartments (Multiple Dwellings)
C - Education and Recreation (School or day-care)
D - Institutional
Div. 1 Personal liberties are restrained. Ex. Mental Hospitals, jails, etc.
Div. 2 Nursing Homes for non-ambulatory patients
Div. 3 Nursing homes for ambulatory patients
E - Business and Mercantile
F - Industrial
G - Storage and Hazardous
H - Assembly Buildings for less than 1000 occupants
I - Assembly Buildings for 1000 or more occupants
J - Accessory
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A - Residential dwellings
B - Residential, Hotels, Apartments
C - Education and Recreation
D - Institutional
E - Business and Mercantile
Div. 1 Gasoline Filling Station
Div. 2 Wholesale & Retail Stores
Div. 3 Aircraft Hangars
F - Industrial (ice plants, power plants, etc)
G - Storage and Hazardous (storage, hazardous & highly
flammable materials)
H - Assembly Buildings for less than 1000 occupants
I - Assembly Buildings for 1000 or more occupants
J - Accessory
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A - Residential dwellings
B - Residential, Hotels, Apartments
C - Education and Recreation
D - Institutional
E - Business and Mercantile
F - Industrial
G - Storage and Hazardous
H - Assembly Buildings for less than 1000 occupants
Div. 1 Assembly w/ stage and occupant load < 1000
Div. 2 Assembly w/o stage and occupant load 300 or more
Div. 3 Assembly Bldg. w/o stage and occupant of < 300
Div. 4 Stadia, reviewing Stands Amusement Parks (not 1,2,3)
I - Assembly Buildings for 1000 or more occupants
J - Accessory
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A - Residential dwellings
B - Residential, Hotels, Apartments
C - Education and Recreation
D - Institutional
E - Business and Mercantile
F - Industrial
G - Storage and Hazardous
H - Assembly Buildings for less than 1000 occupants
I - Assembly Buildings for 1000 or more occupants
J - Accessory
Div. 1 Private garages, carports, sheds
Div. 2 Fences over 1.80m high, tanks, towers
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
LOCATION ON PROPERTY
Direct access to public or open space
Projections beyond exterior walls
Buildings on same property; or with
courts
sum of areas of openings must not
exceed 50 % of sum of areas of walls
Eaves at least 750mm from side and rear
property lines
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
MAXIMUM HEIGHTS
Measured from highest
adjoining ground
surface; height
measured from lowest
surface shall not exceed
maximum by 3.00
meters
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR GROUP A DWELLINGS
Occupancy Corner 90%
Inside 80%
*at least 2m from property line
Sanitation At least one (1) sanitary toilet & adequate washing &
drainage
Foundation Footings 250mm thick & 600mm below ground
Floor Live Load
1st Floor 200 kilograms per sq.m
2nd Floor 150 kilograms per sq.m
*minimum
Roof Wind Load 120 min. kilograms per sq.m for vertical
projections
Stairs Clear width 750mm
Rise 200mm
Run 200mm
Entrance & Exit At least 1 entrance & 1 exit
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR GROUP A DWELLINGS
Location & Lot Occupancy
Light & Ventilation
Sanitation
Foundation
Post
Floor
Roof
Stairs
Entrance & Exit
Electrical Reqts.
Mechl Reqts.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR GROUP A DWELLINGS
Location & Lot Occupancy
Light & Ventilation
Sanitation
Foundation
Post
Floor
Roof
Stairs
Entrance & Exit
Electrical Reqts.
Mechl Reqts.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR GROUP A DWELLINGS
Location & Lot Occupancy
Light & Ventilation
Sanitation
Foundation
Post
Floor
Roof
Stairs
Entrance & Exit
Electrical Reqts.
Mechl Reqts.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS FOR OTHER GROUP OCCUPANCIES
Location & Lot Occupancy
Light & Ventilation
Sanitation
Foundation
Post
Floor
Roof
Stairs
Entrance & Exit
Electrical Reqts.
Mechl Reqts.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS FOR OTHER GROUP OCCUPANCIES
Location & Lot Occupancy
Light & Ventilation
Sanitation
Foundation
Post
Floor
Roof
Stairs
Entrance & Exit
Electrical Reqts.
Mechl Reqts.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS FOR OTHER GROUP OCCUPANCIES
Location & Lot Occupancy
Light & Ventilation
Sanitation
Foundation
Post
Floor
Roof
Stairs
Entrance & Exit
Electrical Reqts.
Mechl Reqts.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS FOR OTHER GROUP OCCUPANCIES
Location & Lot Occupancy
Light & Ventilation
Sanitation
Foundation
Post
Floor
Roof
Stairs
Entrance & Exit
Electrical Reqts.
Mechl Reqts.
BUILDING CLASSIFICATION BY USE &
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS FOR OTHER GROUP OCCUPANCIES
Location & Lot Occupancy
Light & Ventilation
Sanitation
Foundation
Post
Floor
Roof
Stairs
Entrance & Exit
Electrical Reqts.
Mechl Reqts.
LIGHT & VENTILATION
Size and Dimension of Rooms
LIGHT & VENTILATION
Air Space Requirements in
Determining the Size of Rooms
LIGHT & VENTILATION

Window Openings at least 10% of floor area (not provided

w/ artificial ventilation system)
LIGHT & VENTILATION
LIGHT & VENTILATION
LIGHT & VENTILATION
LIGHT & VENTILATION
LIGHT & VENTILATION
LIGHT & VENTILATION
LIGHT & VENTILATION
LIGHT & VENTILATION
SANITATION

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Whenever possible, source from municipal or city waterworks
system
If from meteoric, surface or underground sources, must conform
to National Standard for Drinking Water
Piping in accordance with National Plumbing Code of the
Philippines
SANITATION

WASTEWATER DISPOSAL SYSTEM & STORM DRAINAGE

SYSTEM
shall discharge to municipal or city sewer system in accordance
with Code on Sanitation and the National Pollution Control
Commission; or
shall discharge to Imhoff or septic tank
rainwater shall not discharge to the sanitary sewer system
SANITATION

PEST & VERMIN CONTROL

Rat proofing
means for cleaning garbage bins and receptacles
screening of public dining rooms
PROJECTION OVER STREETS

Width of Streets Balconies Total Projections

Over 3m but < 6m With balconies .60m
6m to < 10m .90m
10m to < 11m 1m
11m to < 12m 1.10m
12m to < 13m 1.30m
13m to < 14m 1.40m
14m or over 1.50m
PROJECTION OVER STREETS
CANOPY/ MARQUEE
a permanent roofed structure above a door attached to and
supported by the building and projecting over a wall or sidewalk
Projection & Clearance outermost edge of the marquee and the
curb line shall be not < 300mm, vertical clearance bet pavement or
GL & undersurface of marquee shall not < 3.00m
Construction incombustible materials not < 2 hrs fire-resistive

MOVABLE AWNINGS OR HOODS

a movable shelter supported from an exterior wall of a bldg. which
can be retracted, folded, collapsed against the face of a supporting
building.
Clearance
Awning to curb line not < 300mm
Vertical Clearance (undermost surface of the awning or GL) not
< 2.40m
PROJECTION OVER STREETS
PROJECTION OVER STREETS
PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIANS
during construction or demolition

Mixing of concrete on public streets not allowed

Materials or equipment must not obstruct pedestrian travel,
utilities, fire hydrants
Must provide 1.2 m. wide temporary walkway
Walkways must have railings of at least 1 meter height and
fence and canopy of at least 2.4 meters height
PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIANS
during construction or demolition
PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIANS
during construction or demolition
PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIANS
during construction or demolition
PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIANS
during construction or demolition
PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIANS
during construction or demolition
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY LINE
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
ESCALATOR
draft curtain: at least 200mm on all sides

AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS
provided around perimeter of the opening w/in 600mm of draft
curtain.
Distance bet sprinklers: max of 1.80 center to center

ATTICS
Access: not < 600mm sq. or in diameter, min clear headroom of
800mm
Area Separation: enclosed attic space of combustible
construction shall be divided into horizontal area max of 250
sq.m. area, 750 sq.m. in area for attic with Fire-extinguishing
system
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

EXITS
Number of Exits
1. Above 1st storey: 10 occupants 2 exits
2. Mezzanine: 185 sq.m area or more than 18m in dimension
2 exits
3. 500-999 occupants: 3 exits
Exits if only 2 exits required, shall be placed distance apart not
< 1/5 of the perimeter area.
Distance of Exits
w/o sprinkler : 45m from exterior exit door
w/ sprinkler: 60m
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

DOORS
Swing: exit door shall swing to exit travel in hazardous areas w/
50 or more occupant load
Double acting doors: view panel of not < 1,300 sq. cm.
Width and Height:
1. not < 900mm in width
2. not < 2.00m in height
3. opening 90 degrees
4. exit way clear width not < 700mm
Door Leaf Width : max of 1.20
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

STAIRWAYS
Width
1. serving an occupant load of more than 50: minimum 1.10m
2. occupant load of 50 or less: minimum 900mm
3. private stairways serving an occupant load of < 10: 0.75m
Rise: max 200mm, Run: minimum 250mm
Winding Stairways narrower side of the thread 150mm 300mm
Circular Stairways used as exit w/ min width of run not < 250mm
Landings (straight run): maximum of 1.20m vertical
Distance bet landings max of 3.60m vertical distance
Handrails: not < 800mm nor more than 900mm.
Headroom clearance: 2.00m
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

SEATS
Seat Spacing (spacing of rows of seats from back to back):
minimum 840mm (standard seating)
Clear width of rows (continental seating) as follows:
1. Rows of 18 seats: 450 mm
2. Rows of 35 seats or less: 500mm
3. Rows of 45 seats or less: 520mm
4. Rows of 46 seats or more: 550mm
Width: min 450mm, max of 480mm
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

REVIEWING STANDS, GRANDSTANDS AND BLEACHERS

Row Spacing: minimum 600 mm
w/o backrest in open air stand: minimum 750mm
Seats w/ backrest: minimum 850mm
Chair seating: minimum 300mm
Rise between Rows: max 400mm
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
Every storey, basement or cellar:
1. w/ 200sq.m or more w/c is used for habitation, etc.
2. w/c has an occupant load of more than 20
Dressing, rehearsal rms., workshops or factories w/ occupant load
of more than 10 and assembly halls w/ occupant load of more than
500, if the next doors of rooms are more than 30.00m from safe
dispersal area.
Photographic x-ray, nitrocellulose films and inflammable articles
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
DRY STANDPIPES (for bldgs. w/ 4 or more storeys)
Construction and Test: shall be wrought iron of GS w/ fittings,
connections to withstand 20 kg per sq.cm of water pressure
Size: 900 liters water per minute
Number Required: every 4 or more storeys where any floor above
3rd floor is 950m or less, equipped w/ 1 dry standpipe.
Siamese Connections:
1. 2 way: 100mm dry standpipe
2. 3 way: 125mm
3. 4 way: 150mm
Siamese inlet (located on street front): Not < 300mm or more than
1.20m above grade
Outlets: standpipe 63mm outlet not more than 1.20m above each
floor level, with 2 way standpipes 63mm outlet above the roof (all
with gate valves)
GENERAL DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

WET STANDPIPES
Size: Interior wet standpipes deliver 190 liters/water per minute
under 2.0 kg per sq.cm water pressure
Outlets: 38mm valve each storey located not less than 300mm nor
more than 1.20m above the floor.
Water Supply street main: not < 100mm in diameter
ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL
REGULATIONS

All electrical systems, equipment and installation

shall conform to the provisions of the
Philippine Electrical Code as adopted by the Board of
Electrical Engineering pursuant to RA 184 as
amended by
RA 7920 otherwise known as the
New Electrical Engineering Law
ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL
REGULATIONS

LOCATION OF POLES AND CLEARANCES OF

POWER LINES ALONG PUBLIC ROADS.
Primary Lines: min vertical clearance of 10m from the
crown of road pavement, 7.5m from the top of the
shoulder/sidewalk
Secondary Lines: min vertical clearance of 7.5m from the
crown of road pavement

CLEARANCE OF SUPPORTING STRUCTURES SUCH

AS POLES, TOWERS AND OTHERS
Fire Hydrants: not < 5m
Curbs: not < 150mm from curb away from the roadway
ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL
REGULATIONS
CLEARANCE OF SERVICE DROPS
Clearances Over Roof Conductors have clearance not< 2.5m
from highest point of roofs
Exemptions:
Voltage between conductors doesnt exceed 300 volts and has roof slope
not < 100mm in 300mm slope.
Service drop conductors of 300 volts or less w/ a max of 1.2m overhang
portion of roof for the purpose of a service raceway may be maintained at
min of 500mm.
From Ground: conductors shall not < 3m from any platform or projection.
From Building Openings: conductors shall have clearance of < 1m from
windows, doors, etc and shall be run at least 500mm above the top level of
a window or opening.
Service Drop of Communications lines, when crossing a street, have a
clearance not < 5.50m from the crown of street/sidewalk. Also have a min
clearance of 3.00m above the ground.
ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL
REGULATIONS

All mechanical systems, equipment and

installations shall conform to the provisions of the
Philippine Mechanical Engineering Code as adopted
by the Board of Mechanical Engineering pursuant to
Commonwealth Act No. 294
as amended, otherwise known as the
Mechanical Engineering Law
ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL
REGULATIONS
ELEVATORS
Hoistway pits clearance of not < 600mm remains between the
underside of car & bottom of pit.
Minimum number of hoisting ropes:
3 for traction elevators
2 for drumtype elevators.
Min diameter of hoisting & counterweight ropes: 30mm
In high rise apartments or residential condominiums of more than
5 stories, at least 1 passenger elevator shall be kept on 24 hour
constant service.
ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL
REGULATIONS
ESCALATORS
Angle of inclination: maximum 35 degrees from the horizontal
Width between balustrades shall not be < 558 mm nor more than
1.20m. The width shall not exceed the width of the steps by more
than 330mm.
Rated speed: maximum 38rpm.
PHOTOGRAPHIC & X-RAY FILMS

storage rooms of unexposed films shall be provided

for specified cases
packaging of 12 films to an envelope
Proper venting and insulation
incandescent electrical light; no smoking
first aid provisions
films for amateurs, safety and dental films
exempted
PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION

PREFABRICATED ASSEMBLY
a structural unit, the integral parts of which, have
been built up or assembled prior to incorporation in
the building
PLASTICS

Approved plastic materials shall be those which

have flame-spread rating of 225 or less and a
smoke density not greater than that obtained from
the burning of untreated wood under similar
conditions when tested in accordance with generally
accepted engineering practice.
SHEET METAL PAINT SPRAY BOOTHS

constructed of steel not less than no.18 US gauge in thickness

not more than 150 sq.m.
Floor of incombustible material
free passage of exhaust air
provisions for fire protection
mechanical ventilation and exhaust ducts
GLASS & GLAZING

This Chapter shall apply to exterior glass & glazing

in all occupancies except groups A, B and J
occupancies not over 3 stories in height and to
interior and exterior glass and glazing in all
occupancies subject to human impact
USE OF COMPUTER

The use of computers for all or any part of the design

of the building is permitted provided that all
programs to be used are documented. Documenting a
program consists of filing with the Building Official
a reference to a publication or publications accessible
to him where the detailed description of the program
or a brief statement of the theoretical background of
the program inc. algorithms used are found.
SIGNS
ADVERTISING SIGN - an off-premise sign
BILLBOARD - a panel for posting bills or posters
DISPLAY SIGN - an on-premise sign
GROUND SIGN - resting on the ground
SIGNS
PROJECTING SIGN - fastened to, suspended from or
supported on a building or structure the display surface of
which is perpendicular or at an angle from wall surface
ROOF SIGN - installed on roofs, decks or eaves
WALL SIGN - parallel to wall surface
TEMPORARY SIGN - on light and combustible material
SIGNS
SIGNS
SIGNS
SIGNS
DANGEROUS BUILDINGS

Pursuant to Section 215 of the NBC, when a building is

found or declared by the Building Official to be a
nuisance, is dangerous or ruinous, the Building
Official shall order its repair, vacation or demolition
depending on the degree of danger to life, health, safety
and/or well-being of the general public and its occupants
DANGEROUS BUILDINGS

structural hazards
fire hazards
hazardous electrical wiring
hazardous mechanical installation
inadequate sanitation and health facilities
improper occupancy and architectural eyesore
improper location
illegal construction
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS

no building shall be constructed unless it adjoins or has

direct access to a public space, yard or street on at least
one of its sides. All buildings shall face a public street,
alley or private road
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ACCESS STREETS, ROADS, ALLEYS
ARCADES AND SIDEWALKS
ARCADES AND SIDEWALKS
ARCADES AND SIDEWALKS
ARCADES AND SIDEWALKS
ARCADES AND SIDEWALKS
ARCADES AND SIDEWALKS
ARCADES AND SIDEWALKS
AIR SPACE CLEARANCE

Civic Aeronautics Administration (CAA)

Bureau of Air Transportation (BAT)
LIGHT & VENTILATION
LIGHT & VENTILATION
PARKING & LOADING SPACE

TYPE
Perpendicular or Diagonal
Parking (2.50 x 5m)

Parallel Parking (2.15 x 6m)

Truck or Bus Parking

(3.60 x 12m)

Container Van, Bulk Carrier,

Prime Mover (3.60 x 18m)

Jeepney, Shuttle (3.00 x 9m)

PARKING & LOADING SPACE

PARKING REQUIREMENT COMPUTATION:

Mixed occupancies, parking requirements shall be the sum of
100% dominant use & 50% of each of the non-dominant
20% of parking requirements may be provided w/in premises

SPECIAL PROVISIONS
1 parking slot for the handicapped per 50 up to 150 parking slots
& an additional slot for every 100 slots thereafter.
Wheel chair transfer area one between 2 spaces, directly
connect to accessible walk of travel and bldg entrances.
Maximum distance of accessible parking area from facility
served. Parking areas for handicapped shall be w/in 60m of the
facility being served
RATIONALE FOR LAWS
Order
Protection of the public interest
Not everything can be left to market forces
Equitable distribution of welfare and resources
Competencies required
Bureaucratic convenience
DEMERITS
Vague definition of public interest
Irrelevance to context
Inflexibility
Social Polarization
Confiscatory
High cost of enforcement