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MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT AUDIT

By Author, Larry Bush

Productive and cost effective maintenance management of a company or plants


assets is absolutely essential for maximum profitability and long term survival of
that company or plant. The only way to know for certain whether the
maintenance activities of a company are productive and effective is through
records and inspections, including regular departmental audits.

The financial health of a company requires strict financial controls, records,


audits, etc. The health of a companys physical assets requires controls,
records, and audits, also. A properly defined and carried out maintenance
department audit will show the strengths and weaknesses of the maintenance
department and management of company assets.

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INDEX

Subject Page

________________________________________________________________

A. MANAGEMENT . 3

B. FINANCIAL CONTROLS . 6

C. PLANNING . 10

D. SAFETY and TRAINING . 13

E. SPARE PARTS and MATERIAL 16

F. FACILITIES . 19

G. EVALUATION 21

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AUDIT QUESTIONNAIRE

A. MANAGEMENT

1. Is the Maintenance Department responsible for all maintenance, repair,


and overhaul activities in the facility?

1.1. yes, covers 95% of company assets, facilities and equipment ....... 10

1.2. yes, covers 70% of company assets, facilities and equipment ....... 5

1.4. no, maintenance personnel controlled by production ................... 0

2. Is there a departmental organization chart?

2.1. current and complete ........................................................ 10

2.2. not current or complete .............................................................. 5

2.3. none .............................................................................................. 0

3. Are there job descriptions for each job position in the department?

3.1. all and available .................................................................. 10

3.2. 90% ............................................................................................. 5

3.3. less than 75% ....................................................................... 0

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4. Does the department use written management policies and weekly goals
to control activities?

4.1. affirmative, covers 85% + of activities ................................. 10

4.2. affirmative, covers 75% + of activities ....................................... 5

4.3. no written policies, no goals ................................................. 0

5. Does the department have intermediate and long term goals to ensure
that company assets are maintained in an efficient and cost effective manner?

5.1. yes, covers 95% + of assets under departmental control ...... 10

5.2. yes, covers 85% + of assets under departmental control ...... 5

5.3. no intermediate or long term goals ....................................... 0

6. What is the ratio of hourly workers to supervision?

6.1. 12-15:1 ......................................................................... 10

6.2. 8-11:1 ............................................................................................. 5

6.3. less than8:1 or over 15:1 ............................................................. 0

7. Department support functions present are: plant engineer, maintenance


engineer, planner, trainer, material coordinator, stores clerk, records clerk.

7.1. all ....................................................................................... 10

7.2. 5 or 6, including planner ............................................................. 5

7.3. less than 5 ................................................................................... 0

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8. What is the relationship between management and hourly workers?

8.1. cooperative ............................................................................. 10

8.2. neutral ................................................................................... 5

8.3. adversarial ................................................................................... 0

9. Has a relationship survey been carried out recently?

9.1. within one year ................................................................. 10

9.2. within two years ........................................................................ 5

9.3. over two years ........................................................................ 0

10. What is the annual departmental turnover rate?

10.1. 5% or less .................................................................................. 10

10.2. between 5% and 9% ............................................................ 5

10.3. over 9% .................................................................................. 0

11. Was there a strike preceding or during the last four years?

11.1. no ....................................................................................... 10

11.2. yes ............................................................................................. 0

12. How many processed grievances annually as a percentage of total


maintenance employees?

12.1. less than 2% ............................................................................ 10

12.2. between 2 and 4% . 5

12.3. more than 2% ................................................................. 0

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13. How many maintenance grievances were settled at the first step as a
percentage of total grievances?

13.1. 100% ....................................................................................... 10

13.2. between 80 and 100% .. 5

13.3. 0 ............................................................................................. 0

B. FINANCIAL CONTROLS

1. Are actual costs, budgets, and measurement of work used to control


department finances?

1.1. all three .. 10

1.2. less than all ................................................................................. 0

2. Are the following measurements used to control the department: backlog,


overtime, downtime, productivity, delays, cost per labor hour?

2.1. all ............................................................................................ 10

2.3. 4 ............................................................................................ 5

2.5. less than 4 ................................................................................. 0

3. How soon are departmental control reports prepared after the end of a
period?

3.1. one day or less ................................................................ 10

3.2. 2 to 3 days ................................................................................. 5

3.3 4 or more days ...................................................................... 0

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4. How often are departmental performance reports prepared?

4.1. weekly ........................................................................... 10

4.2. monthly ................................................................................. 5

4.3 less than monthly ...................................................................... 0

5. How are man-hours on the job tracked and reported?

5.1 by employee and assigned work order/task ..................... 10

5.2. by day ............................................................................................ 5

5.3. less often than daily ........................................................... 0

6. Are each work order total costs tracked and reported by type, i.e. material,
man-hours, contractor costs, delays, new equipment, etc?

6.1. 100% ............................................................................................ 10

6.2. 90% ............................................................................................ 5

6.3. less than 90% ...................................................................... 0

7. Who summarizes report information?

7.1. Department Manager ...................................................... 10

7.2. Assigned Supervisor ............................................................ 5

7.3. no summary, totals only ............................................................ 0

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8. Who are reports distributed to?

8.1. Plant Manager, Department Heads, maintenance staff,

production supervisors, posted in maintenance shop ...................... 10

8.2. Plant Manager, Department Heads, maintenance staff ................ 5

8.4. less than above ........................................................................ 0

9. Are Contractor costs monitored and controlled?

9.1. 95 to 100% ............................................................................. 10

9.2 less than 95% ........................................................................ 0

10. Are there procedures to warn Contractors about discrepancies in service


delivery and procedures for removal/reinstatement of contractors for service/work
competency?

10.1 yes ........................................................................................ 10

10.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

11. Does the Maintenance Department separate the budgeted maintenance


costs for each department, capital project costs, major repairs and major
overhauls?

11.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

11.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

12. Are equipment history records used to minimize emergency downtime and
unscheduled repair costs?

12.1. 100% ....................................................................................... 10

12.2. between 80 and 100% 5

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12.2. less than 80% .............................................................................. 0

13. Are spare parts and material costs purchased through the Maintenance
Department for other departments tracked for compliance with budgeted
amounts?

13.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

13.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

14. Are ongoing maintenance contracts monitored and controlled by the


Maintenance Department?

14.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

14.2. maintenance and other departments .. 5

14.3. no .............................................................................................. 0

15. Are ongoing maintenance contract costs and other contractor costs
properly allocated and identified in the Maintenance Department budget?

15.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

15.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

16. Does the Maintenance Manager prepare weekly actual cost summaries for
Maintenance Department and send to Plant Manager for review?

16.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

16.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

17. Does the Maintenance Manager prepare a monthly, in depth, Maintenance


Department financial cost report for review with the Plant Manager?

17.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

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17.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

C. PLANNING

1. What percentage of maintenance work is scheduled with a written work


order?

1.1 90% or higher .................................................................. 10

1.2. 80 to 90% 5

1.2. below 80% ................................................................................... 0

2. Are complex work orders planned with written task description, bill of
materials, start and finish dates, and total scheduled hours?

2.1. all ........................................................................................ 10

2.2. less than above ......................................................................... 0

3. Does the task description include a complete description of the work


involved, what is required for successful completion, who to contact for
assistance, and who to contact to verify that task is complete?

3.1. yes ......................................................................................... 10

3.2. no ............................................................................................... 0

4. Does the bill of materials list all materials on hand, location of material
storage, and material on order?

4.1. yes ......................................................................................... 10

4.2. no ............................................................................................... 0

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5. Will there be manpower available on the scheduled start date and have
the times been coordinated with Production?

5.1. yes ......................................................................................... 10

5.2. no ............................................................................................... 0

6. Does the work order clarify the overtime situation, if required, and if so,
does the contact Supervisor have signature authority to authorize overtime?

6.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

6.2 no .............................................................................................. 0

7. Has a priority code been assigned to the work order?

7.1. yes ....................................................................................... 10

7.2. no ............................................................................................. 0

8. Was the work order approved by an authorized maintenance


representative and assigned a consecutive work order tracking number from the
Work Order Log Book?

8.1. yes ............................................................................................. 10

8.2. no ............................................................................................. 0

9. Does a maintenance supervisor check the ongoing work, periodically,


through to completion?

9.1. yes ....................................................................................... 10

9.2. no ............................................................................................. 0

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10. Was the work site surveyed for safety issues during the planning stages
and were the safety issues discussed with the assigned work crew?

10.1. yes ............................................................................................ 10

10.2 no ............................................................................................ 0

11. Is there a specific work planner who visits the job site, discusses the work
with the requestor, reviews safety issues, and lays out the job?

11.1. 90 to 100% ................................................................................. 10

11.2. 80 to 90% .. 5

11.3. less than above ................................................................ 0

12. In the work order backlog file, are work orders over six months old
returned to the requestor for cancellation and/or reissue?

12.1. yes ...................................................................................... 10

12.2. no ............................................................................................ 0

13. Are backlog work orders regularly reviewed and fitted into the work load
as necessary?

13.1. yes ....................................................................................... 10

13.2. no ............................................................................................. 0

14. Is work for scheduled shutdowns preplanned?

14.1. yes ....................................................................................... 10

14.2. major repairs and overhauls only .................................................. 5

14.3. no ............................................................................................. 0

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15. Does the department maintain a complete machinery history of the facility
and equipment?

15.1. all ....................................................................................... 10

15.2. major equipment only ............................................................. 5

15.3. intermittent or none ........................................................................ 0

16. Does the department use work standards and review past work to
determine and implement time saving work methods?

16.1. 90 to 100% ......................................................................... 10

16.2. 80 to 90% 5

16.3. less than 80% ....................................................................... 0

D. SAFETY and TRAINING

1. Is there a departmental safety program of safety training courses,


including lockout/tagout, forklift safety, lift-truck driving, lifting, electrical hazards,
electrical explosive hazards, electrical arc flash hazards, welding, compressed
gases, and other state mandated safety courses.?

1.1. all .............................................................................................. 10

1.2. less than 100% ........................................................................ 0

2. Are safety meetings scheduled periodically?

2.1. weekly ............................................................................. 10

2.2. monthly ................................................................................... 5

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2.3. occasionally ................................................................................... 0

3. Are records maintained of safety meetings and courses attended for each
employee?

3.1. 100% ........................................................................................ 10

3.2. 90 to 100% 5

3.3. less than 90% ........................................................................ 0

4. Was a safety procedures handbook issued to each employee with


procedures to be carried out for fire, chemical spill, gas release, power outage,
etc?

4.1. yes .............................................................................................. 10

4.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

5. Does the facility have an emergency evacuation alarm with up to date


evacuation plans and personnel accountability?

5.1. yes ....................................................................................... 10

5.2. no ............................................................................................. 0

6. Are there up to date safety posters placed around the plant in conspicuous
locations?

6.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

6.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

7. Are safety procedures enforced by management with safety violations

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resulting in disciplinary measures?

7.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

7.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

8. Does the facility have a full time safety officer or salaried person assigned
safety duties?

8.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

8.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

9. Is there a joint management/hourly safety committee with monthly


meetings, reports, inspections, and follow-ups?

9.1 yes ............................................................................................... 10

9.2. no ............................................................................................... 0

10. Does the company have a safety record rewards program for no violations
or injuries?

10.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

10.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

11. Is the safety violation and injuries report posted and updated monthly?

11.1. yes ........................................................................................ 10

11.2. no .............................................................................................. 0

12. Are crafts personnel regularly scheduled for training seminars?

12.1. yes 10

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12.2. no . 0

13. Is there a master training plan covering crafts, management, and


supervision?

13.1. yes 10

13.2. no 0

14. Are employees sent out for specialty training, when necessary?

14.1. yes 10

14.2. no 0

15. Are training paths established and complete records maintained for each
employee in the Maintenance Department?

15.1. yes . 10

15.2. no 0

E. SPARE PARTS and MATERIAL

1. Do you have a complete spare parts and material system with staff,
secure storage, inventory, issuing, ordering, receiving, and accountability?

1.1. all 8 ....................................................................................... 10

1.2. 6 or 7 .................................................................................. 5

1.3. less than 6 0

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2. Do you have a dedicated parts/material person?

2.1. yes ....................................................................................... 10

2.2. no ............................................................................................. 0

3. Is your on-hand material continuously tracked, inventoried quarterly, and


inventoried annually?

3.1. all ....................................................................................... 10

3.2. tracked and inventoried annually ...................................... 5

3.3. anything less .................................................................................. 0

4. Starting with each piece of equipments manufacturers recommended


spares list, what percentage of spare parts do you have on record?

4.1. 100% ....................................................................................... 10

4.2. 90% .............................................................................................. 5

4.3. less than 90% ........................................................................ 0

5. Is the major portion of your spares and parts located in a secure, central
location?

5.1. yes .. 10

5.2. no .. 0

6. Is there a stores and parts catalog?

6.1. yes .. 10

6.2. no .. 0

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7. Are special orders tracked?

7.1. yes .. 10

7.2. no .. 0

8. Do you have a min/max system in place?

8.1. yes .. 10

8.2. no .. 0

9. Do you have a rating system for suppliers with a system for


qualifying/disqualifying a supplier?

9.1. yes .. 10

9.2. no .. 0

10. Is there an up to date contact and emergency contact list of all suppliers
and vendors used by the company?

10.1. 90% 10

10.2. 80 to 90% ... 5

10.3. less than 80% ... 0

11. Are there MSDS sheets for all materials and chemicals?

11.1. 100% . 10

11.2. 95 to 100% 5

11.3. less than 95% 0

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12. Is there a comprehensive procedure for receiving and paying for


equipment, material, parts and services?

12.1. yes 10

12.2. no 0

F. Facilities

1. Do you have the original and updated plans of the facility stored in a safe
and accessible location?

1.1. yes . 10

1.2. no .. 0

2. Do you have a complete set of updated facility blueprints on file, listed, and
accessible?

2.1. 90 to 100% .. 10

2.2. 90% 5

2.3. less than 90% .... 0

3. Do you monitor and track hazardous substances at your site?

3.1. 100% ... 10

3.2. 90 to 100% 5

3.3. less than 90% .. 0

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4. Do you have a disaster preparedness plan for your facility?

4.1. yes .... 10

4.2. no ... 0

5. Do you have fire extinguishers located throughout your facility?

5.1. yes .... 10

5.2. no ... 0

6. Are the fire extinguishers easily accessible and clearly marked?

6.1. yes ... 10

6.2. no .. 0

7. Are the fire extinguisher stations numbered and inspected on a monthly


basis?

7.1. yes . 10

7.2. no . 0

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G. EVALUATION

Evaluation of your initial Maintenance Department Audit may not yield the
expected results. There are 80 questions in the audit with a value of ten
assigned to each question for a total of 800 points.

Area Questions Points Percent Actual Pts.


_______________________________________________________________

Management 13 130 16 ______

Financial Controls 17 170 21 ______

Planning 16 160 20 ______

Safety & Training 15 150 19 ______

Spare Parts & Material 12 120 15 ______

Facilities 7 70 9 ______

_______________________________________________________________

The average first-time score for a department is around 400 or 50%. The 50% is
work crew productivity. A score of 800 would be 100% productivity.

To find the productivity of your department, divide the total number of points for
your department by 800. The answer will be 0.XX. Just move the decimal two
places to the right for your percent productivity.

To find the percent productivity for each area, divide the actual points for that
area by the maximum points for the area and then convert to percent. The
answer is the percent productivity for that area.

A fully functioning maintenance department should be able to achieve a point


where 90% of the work is covered by work orders and productivity is at least

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80%. By increasing productivity from 50% to 80%, 50 / 80 X 50 (number of


employees), 32 workers could be doing the work of 50.

This would allow 18 workers to be scheduled for other work. At $20.00 per hour
and 2000 hours per year, this would result in a total potential savings of 18 X 20
X 2000 = $720,000.00.

This potential savings does not include savings from implementing a new spare
parts system with computer tracked parts and availability.

Savings from eliminated and reduced equipment downtime are difficult but not
impossible to calculate. Equipment uptime through a comprehensive
Predictive/Preventive Maintenance program would also increase overall
productivity and reduce per unit costs.

These potential savings with increased maintenance department efficiency and


productivity are achievable. A realistic goal for a department would be to spread
out the changes over a period of three years.

At the end of the three years, the plant maintenance costs should have been
reduced by at least $1,500,000.00. Those are bottom line dollars. Just visualize
how much of your product must be sold to achieve a profit increase of that size.

Savings in plant maintenance is making money.

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Administrative operations of the Maintenance Department should include


the following functions:

- Program coordination for the Maintenance Department and liaison with other
departments.

- Preparation of Maintenance Department budgets and coordination with other


departments in the preparation of their maintenance budgets.

- Preparation of project cost estimates, including proposal, justification, and


management of capital projects and expenditures.

- Maintenance of departmental records of planned and current construction and


maintenance contracts.

- Review and filing of reports from inspectors and insurance carriers and
preparation of status reports to appropriate management.

- Processing of work requests: planning and scheduling of work; provision of


required parts, materials, and equipment; and maintenance of all equipment
records.

- Management of parts, materials, and equipment for which the Maintenance


Department is held responsible.

- Preparation of appropriate reports, statistics, and recommendations on


Maintenance Department activities.

- Solicitation, preparation, and administration of appropriate service contracts.

- Maintenance of appropriate records pertaining to labor under the jurisdiction of


the Maintenance Department.

Each Department shall delegate authority to responsible subordinates to allow


the Maintenance Department to carry out maintenance activities in the

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accomplishment of departmental goals. Each Department shall formally


document and maintain a list of personnel with Work Request approval authority
and provide such list to the Maintenance Department. Each Department shall
establish approval levels for authorized overtime work and aggregate costs.

Capital investments for maintenance must be based on realistic assumptions and


the proponent must be able to provide justification acceptable to upper
management. Engineering shall furnish designs, specifications, bills of materials,
and cost estimates for construction and major rehabilitation of all real property
and for major projects of installation of equipment. A continual review and
evaluation of utility, building, and structural requirements and preparation of
projects as required will be carried out.

The department will act as technical liaison for design engineering projects of
interest with other departments. A master plan for improvement and expansion
of facilities will be maintained. The department will maintain current as built
drawings and files for all plant structures, systems, and equipment.

Technical and engineering support will be provided to other departments


regarding all process and/or equipment changes. Real property records will be
maintained in department files. The department will maintain oversight of the
structural, mechanical, electrical, utilities, site, environmental, and other
construction and engineering drawings for all facilities.

The evaluation and selection of construction shall be carried out through the
department. The department will prepare, in coordination with legal counsel, all
major contracts for engineering work, technical specifications, equipment
purchases, and the erection and maintenance of structures.

The department will represent the Owners interests in all relevant contracts,
either written or implied, interpret the responsibilities of principal and agent, and
evaluate the performance of engineering work regulated by contracts and
specifications.

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Review and approval of all bids and submissions for facilities contract work shall
be through the department. The department will manage all projects and
construction contracts through to completion.

The Maintenance Department must keep company management thoroughly


informed on all matters that are the departments responsibility, especially
matters concerning the value of assets, insurance, environmental compliance,
safety, permits, regulations, and the ability of the facility to meet production
goals.

The Maintenance Department should report periodically to management on work


accomplished, work in progress, status of conditions under its control, and work
anticipated. These reports should include comments and recommendations as
appropriate.

The department should work with and support all other departments on the
design, installation and maintenance of new systems and equipment and should
advise on the safe and economical operation of such equipment.

The Maintenance Department shall maintain all of its facilities, plants, and
equipment in a safe manner, optimizing operations and cost performance. A
consistent approach to management of the maintenance function can improve
safety, reduce costs, enhance manpower development, and increase equipment
reliability.

The department shall install and maintain all utility systems and components for
electricity, water, steam, gas, oil, compressed air, and communications. The
department is responsible for the installation, operation, and maintenance of all
heating, ventilating, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems and components
throughout the facility.

The department is responsible for water system and anti-siphon valve testing,
maintenance, and certification. All testing, maintenance, and certification of

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boilers, pressure relief valves, safeties, valves, steam traps, steam piping, and
non-return valves shall be carried out by or through the department.

The department shall test and maintain the facility electrical system and any
emergency power.

The Maintenance Department shall maintain comprehensive records concerning


all installed buildings, equipment and systems of the facility. The department
shall implement and manage preventive and predictive maintenance strategies
and practices and work towards total plant maintenance goals.

The Department Manager shall coordinate inspections by federal, state, local,


and insurance agents and facilitate the implementation of corrective actions
where required. Operating licenses and copies of licenses shall be stored and
displayed as required by regulations.

The Department Manager shall undertake periodic license renewal actions in a


timely manner and report to upper management on such actions.

Contractors may be used in the facility as required for peak-load assistance and
supporting services such as excavations, painting, scaffolding, cleaning, and
other projects as determined to be beyond the plant work force capabilities or
manpower.

The department shall approve, manage, and carry out compliance verification
procedures for contractors, vendors, and suppliers.

With the exception of emergency work, all maintenance work should be planned,
estimated, and given the necessary priorities to ensure its most cost-effective
implementation. All planned work should be initiated via a formal, written work
request that provides all relevant information.

All emergency work shall be carried out on a rush basis with logging on the
Callout Sheet and a Maintenance Work Order, later. All non-emergency work

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orders should be planned prior to the execution of the work.

The department will review shutdowns, test and inspection projects, major
overhauls, and other repetitive tasks to identify time and cost saving methods of
work. Up-to-date technical data and working drawings for equipment and
facilities work shall be on hand for maintenance staff, separate from Engineering
Drawings and original as built drawings.

The general appearance of facilities, including plants, control rooms, offices,


workshops, grounds, and working areas shall be kept presentable and functional.

The Maintenance Department will work with the company Safety Officer to setup
and implement the departmental safety program. Periodic safety meetings will
be held to discuss safety items including additions and/or changes to safety
procedures and review of any accidents that may have occurred.

Prior to performance of any hazardous job, safe work methods shall be


established. A work sequence of operations will be developed, written, and
explained to all involved personnel. Potential hazards will be identified and
discussed with specific precautions to be taken to mitigate or eliminate the
hazards.

Work permit procedures shall be known and followed by all affected personnel.
Necessary protective clothing is to be available and worn by all personnel as
required.

Organization, administration, and supervision of departmental safety activities


shall be in accordance with all Federal, State, and local requirements.
Departmental employees shall be instructed and trained in safety requirements
and procedures for the facility, its equipment, and systems as detailed in the
Maintenance Department and Company safety plan.

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The Maintenance Department shall maintain complete records of all


departmental training and safety inspections, including inspection violations and
clearances.

The Maintenance Department of a facility or manufacturing plant is critical to the


success of the organization. An optimally functioning department adds value to
the organization and the opposite is also true.

If you found this Maintenance Audit by Larry Bush useful, download his book

Writing Maintenance Policy and Procedure Manual

http://www.bin95.com/ebooks/Maintenance_Policy_Procedures.htm

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See Maintenance Managment Kit at http://bin95.com/ebooks/maintenance-strategies-policies-guide.htm

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