Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-GRPF

MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION

Lucena City Document Title: Graduate Research Proposal
An Autonomous University Form
Page No.: Page 1 of 8
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Revision No.: 1
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Effectivity Date: July 2015
Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
QUALITY FORM Reviewed by: QMR
Approved by: President

GRADUATE RESEARCH PROPOSAL FORM

I. Research Title: Facebook: Bridging the Gap Between Classroom English

and Real World Reading for English as English Secondary
Language Senior High School Students (ESLSHSS) of
Pagbilao National High School, Pagbilao, Quezon School
English Learners

II. Name of Researcher : REGINA P. GRIARTE

Degree : MAED
Specialization : English
Researcher's Contact Details : 09465663014
Name of Research Adviser : Dr. FELIX M. MERCADO

III. Research Proposal

a) Abstract of the proposal

Facebook, is used as universal multi-purpose cyber board in a variety of fields such as

education, politics, entertainment, science, and business. Using this website in the learning

scenario could be beneficial for the development of English skills for Senior High School

Learners. From the researchers teaching practice, ESLSHSS reading materials are limited to

modules, textbooks or other selected reading articles. ESLSHSS must expose themselves to

authentic reading outside the classroom and be provided with alternative sources of English

learning materials. Because of popularity facebook, this proposed study aims to encourage

reading through employing the web as a forum for ESLSHSS, who will then share their

reading topics and reflections on applying classroom reading strategies to reading English in

real world context with other social media users. This will eventually lead to the main

research question: To what extent did ESLSHSS develop their extensive reading on

Facebook?
 Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-GRPF
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
Lucena City Document Title: Graduate Research Proposal
An Autonomous University Form
Page No.: Page 2 of 8
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Revision No.: 1
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Effectivity Date: July 2015
Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
QUALITY FORM Reviewed by: QMR
Approved by: President

b) Background
- Rationale of the Research

Reading is one of the five macro skills essential to continuously developed in

learning and using a language for effective communication. Reading skills plays a more

dominant role than the remaining four skills (listening, writing, speaking and viewing).

English reading skills, specifically, is frequently used in everyday reading for various

purposes. For example, reading highway signs, signage, electronics manuals and

advertisements are generally presented in English, as well as Internet information. English

users are then familiar with using English reading skills to gain information from a variety of

sources surrounding them.

However, in academic contexts, readers usually employ both general reading skills

and specific strategies to achieve their goals. When the English as Secondary Language

(ESL) context of English reading is taken into account, awareness of appropriate reading

strategies seems to be crucial for the development of reading performance of ESL learners

(Boonkit 2007). This research result is expected to support extensive reading in real world

contexts, which consequently links the experience or skills the students gain from the

classroom with reading extensively in real situations. Based on the strategy-based instruction

employed in reading classes, it has been observed that specific strategies, such as learning to

analyze complicated sentences in each paragraph of a reading passage or article, produced

interesting results. These included, in particular, the achievement of success in reading

comprehension and the understanding of vocabulary. This study is therefore designed to focus

on the analysis of complicated sentence structures, with the aim of obtaining and

understanding information while at the same time guessing the meaning of unfamiliar words

within a reading text.

 Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-GRPF
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
Lucena City Document Title: Graduate Research Proposal
An Autonomous University Form
Page No.: Page 3 of 8
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Revision No.: 1
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Effectivity Date: July 2015
Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
QUALITY FORM Reviewed by: QMR
Approved by: President

As Facebook is currently the most popular social networking website this study

focused on utilizing this easily accessible website as a discussion forum for course

participants to activate their English reading strategies learned from the classroom and

promote their extensive reading activities outside the classroom. This is one way of applying

classroom English to real world contexts, an ultimate goal of teaching and learning English

in ESL contexts. In addition, independent or autonomous reading on a variety of topics in the

real world would enrich the world knowledge and English reading skills of the ESL learners.

This action research is to be conducted, the study is designed to employ Facebook as a

web board for the research participants to reflect their strategy use in academic reading, and

to express their opinions related to reading topics in class, other topics chosen by themselves

or those posted by their Facebook friends.

The employment of Facebook as a discussion board for the participants is expected to

encourage the ESL learners to use their English in an active way, particularly to link their

classroom English experience to real world contexts.

- Purpose of the Research

The purpose of this research is to encourage the ESLL senior high school students

to use their English in an active way, particularly to link their classroom English experience

to real world contexts.

The following are the research questions:

1. What strategies are used effectively in English reading?

2. To what point did Social Media increase the development of reading and discussion

for high school students?

3. What reading topics or issues are popularly posted and discussed on Social Media?
 Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-GRPF
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
Lucena City Document Title: Graduate Research Proposal
An Autonomous University Form
Page No.: Page 4 of 8
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Revision No.: 1
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Effectivity Date: July 2015
Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
QUALITY FORM Reviewed by: QMR
Approved by: President

- Theoretical Framework

Employing Facebook, a social networking webite, as a gap-bridging instrument

between classroom English reading experiences and strategies and reading in real situations,

performed by English as a Secondary Language Senior High School Students of Pagbilao

National High School, Pagbilao, Quezon.

Reading Experiences in the Classrooms Facebook Reading in the Real World

and as a as
Strategies of Reading Discussion Board Extensive Reading Activities

In this framework of the study, the implications of teaching English

for communication, task-based language teaching, and considering

English as a global language played an important role in the research

design.

- Literature Survey

The Nature of Reading and Comprehension

When we consider and fully recognize the important benefits that reading can bring it

almost goes without saying that schools and teachers should not overly confine themselves

to teaching the skills of reading but should also actively seek to develop within children a

love of reading and perhaps more importantly a love of all aspects of literacy (Macblain,

2014).

Motivation is vital in teaching our children and young to have the desire to read more

widely and to integrate into their reading such aspects of literay as poetry, plays, drama and

novels.
 Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-GRPF
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
Lucena City Document Title: Graduate Research Proposal
An Autonomous University Form
Page No.: Page 5 of 8
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Revision No.: 1
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Effectivity Date: July 2015
Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
QUALITY FORM Reviewed by: QMR
Approved by: President

Reading comprehension is a process that involves intentional and interaction of the

readers to the text (Melinda 2005). Based on this definition reading comprehension requires

many different skills. It involves understanding of the words, seeing relationships among

words and concepts, organizing ideas, evaluating the context and making judgment of the

message. Chunzhi (2009) pointed that comprehension is vital in the sense that everyone

needs to read to be informed and communicate and it is the ultimate goal of reading.

Reading in ESL Contexts

Tabudlong states that Philippines have the highest rate in Southeast Asia that has poor

reading comprehension because of its increasing number of alliterate Filipinos specially

those who fail when it comes to understanding what they read in reading comprehension is

lack of vocabulary knowledge (2012).

Using Information Communication Technology to support learning with word

recognition, reading comprehension and spelling would also be very beneficial and would

provide regular opportunities to record, self-check and proofread ones written work

(Macblain 2014).

Bottom-up vesus Top-down Processes

Bottom-up processing happens when someone tries to understand language by

looking at individual meanings or grammatical characteristics of the most basic units of the

text, (e.g. sounds for a listening or words for a reading), and moves from these to trying to

understand the whole text. Bottom-up processing is not thought to be a very efficient way to

approach a text initially, and is often contrasted with top-down processing, which is thought

to be more efficient.
 Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-GRPF
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
Lucena City Document Title: Graduate Research Proposal
An Autonomous University Form
Page No.: Page 6 of 8
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Revision No.: 1
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Effectivity Date: July 2015
Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
QUALITY FORM Reviewed by: QMR
Approved by: President

Top-down reading models teach students to read by introducing them to literature as a

whole. Instead of teaching students to read by sounding out each word in a sentence,

teachers read whole passages of a text. Students begin to use context clues to decode

unfamiliar words. There is a report that shows top-down reading models are helpful to those

learning a second language because they help students concentrate on the whole meaning of

a passage. The theory also works with those just learning to read, as readers rely on their

previous knowledge to decipher text or unfamiliar words.

Teaching Strategies

Teachers use and alter technologies that show value in assisting learning but there is

no good reason to transform or revolutionize teaching by replacing solid teaching

practices. Good teachers, and not machines or devices are the key to good education

(Nelson, Palonsky, McCarthy, 2010)

With regards to academic learning, little evidence shows that computers add much.

Furthermore, there is no strong, consistent evidence that students increased academic

achievements by using ICT.

Teachers must keep readers focused on the question of why? They should encourage

readers in class to always be prepared to explain why they are reading a paragraph from their

textbook.

The type of reading we expect from students may not mesh well with what is

generally known about reading behavior. Online readers tend to skip large blocks of text,

shorter paragraphs and bulleted lists get more attention. The reading pace for online reading

is believed to be 25% slower than reading from paper.

 Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-GRPF
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
Lucena City Document Title: Graduate Research Proposal
An Autonomous University Form
Page No.: Page 7 of 8
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Revision No.: 1
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Effectivity Date: July 2015
Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
QUALITY FORM Reviewed by: QMR
Approved by: President

Teachers have used technologies in schools for centuries, and schools are often the

key location for inventing and developing new technologies.

Education is already well suited to technologies that can improve schooling;

education is also the most suitable location to face questions and challenge the use and value

of various technologies (Orlich, Harder, Callahan, Trevisan and Brown 2010)

Digital Technology

Digital technology has traditionally had its strength in offering ways to mediate

reading and writing. Vast amounts of authentic reading materials, not to mention English

language teaching materials, are available online.

The theoretical basis for the use of digital technology in the classroom comes from the

various second language acquisition theories and classroom practices themselves, rather

than any theory intrinsic to the technology (Verghese 2015)

Some advocates of technology in schools want students trained to use and love the

latest device, and do not enjoy it when students or teachers use critical judgment to question

the value or use.

Technology, in the form of more computer activity, is often treated as an inevitable

happening in schools, a type of determinism that leads us to feel helpless to stop or modify

expansion.

Social Media

Social networking sites are becoming major tools for research data gathering and

vehicles for getting a message out. Facebook has been on the hot seat with its users about
 Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-GRPF
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
Lucena City Document Title: Graduate Research Proposal
An Autonomous University Form
Page No.: Page 8 of 8
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Revision No.: 1
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Effectivity Date: July 2015
Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
QUALITY FORM Reviewed by: QMR
Approved by: President

privacy because it can track members actions such as what areas they visit and what they

do with it. The impact of social media is boiling over into the real world.

Facebook
Many think of the internet as a relatively recent development, but electronic

computers and computer networks date back to the hot and cold wars of the past century.

The term social media has become almost synonymous with facebook and other social

networking sites that replaced published albums of pictures of incoming college freshmen

with interactive online profiles.

More of what appears on facebook is not social media as the application evolves into

a general-purpose platform to deliver news, entertainment, and advertising to its users.

Although facebook is the leading name in social networking today, it was not the first.

Facebook is fast becoming the new king of the media, with well over a billion active uses

worldwide, by acting as a portal to news and entertainment as well as social interaction for

its users.

Facebook starts with real people and their real relationships. It helps people

communicate in a variety of ways; as they do so, they often add new friends, join groups,

and share information, ranging from photos to invitations to events and even classified ads.

The accessibility of facebook is another important factor for easy connectivity and

high involvement. At present, aside from computers, ipads and cell phones can be used to

gain access and log in to ones account in facebook that he/she may be able to visit his own

wall and interact to whoever he/she wants to, as well as read to something that caught his

attention (Wogo 2012).