Doc. No.

1602/TRB/DD/HYD/BR-176+600/REP-01

Rehabilitation and Up-gradation of NH-200 (New NH-49) from km

178+944 to km 241+553 (Banari Village to Masania Kala Village) to
2-Lane with Paved Shoulder in the State of Chhattisgarh
Package - II

Submitted By:
Design Consultant:
Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

EPC Contractor:
Ramky Infrastructure Ltd.

Proof Consultant:
STUP Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Authority Engineer:
Highway Engineering Consultants

May 2017

CLIENT :
CHIEF ENGINEER, NATIONAL HIGHWAY ZONE,
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT, RAIPUR,
GOVT. OF CHHATTISGARH
 CONTENT

1. Discharge calculation

a) Unit Hydrograph Method

b) Empirical Method (Dicken's formula)
c) Slope Area Method
d) Rational Method (Peak Runoff from Catchment)
e) Fixation of Design Discharge, Hydraulic Adequacy & Calculation of Linear
Waterway

2. Scour Depth Calculation

3. Annexure of Soil Profile

 SUH

(A) FLOOD ESTIMATION

Proposed Chainage 176+600

Name of stream/Bridge Hasdeo River
Skew Angle 0 degree
CWC Subzone 3(d)
(1) By Unit Hydrograph Method

Step : - 1 Determination of Physiographic Parameter

Area, A 10457000000 Sq. Meter = 104.57 x10^2 Sq.km (Form CWC report 3d, for Hasdeo river)
L 71000.00 Meter = 71.00 km (assumed from Google earth elevation)
Lc 35500.00 Meter = 35.50 km (assumed from Google earth elevation)
S 0.15 m/km (assumed from Google earth elevation)

Step : - 2 Determination of Synthetic (1-hr) Unitgraph Parameterrs

Item Equation Value
tp 1.757 (LLc/sqrt(S))0.261 17.38 hrs
qp 1.260 (tp)-0.725 0.16 cumecs/sq km
-1.104
W 50 1.974 (qp) 15.03 hrs
W 75 0.961 qp-1.125 7.61 hrs
W R50 1.150 qp-0.829 5.28 hrs
W R75 0.527 qp-0.932 2.93 hrs
TB 5.411 (tp)0.826 57.22 hrs
Tm tp + tr/2 17.88 hrs
Qp qp. A 1662.34 cumecs

Step : - 3 Drawing of Synthetic Unitgraph

Estimated parameter of Unitgraph in step-2 were plotted to scale. The plotted points were joined to
draw synthetic unitgraph. The discharge ordinates of unitgraph at ti=tr=1 hr interval were summed up
and compared with the volume of 1.00 cm direct runoff

1-hr Synthetic
Time (in hrs) U.G.
ordinates
0.0 0.00
1.0 41.56
2.0 83.12
3.0 124.68
4.0 166.23
5.0 207.79
6.0 249.35
7.0 290.91
8.0 332.47
9.0 374.03
10.0 415.58
11.0 457.14
12.0 498.70
12.6 831.17 176+600
13.0 950.00 1800
14.00 1150.00
15.0 1246.75
1600
16.0 1450.00
17.9 1662.34
18.0 1579.22 1400
19.0 1496.11
20.0 1412.99 1200
21.0 1350.00
22.6 1246.75 1000
23.0 1163.64
24.0 1080.52
800
25.0 997.40
26.0 914.29
27.6 831.17 600
28.0 815.00
29.0 760.00 400
31.0 670.00
32.0 620.00
200
33.0 580.00
37.0 440.00
38.0 400.00 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
39.0 365.00
40.0 315.00
41.0 275.00
 SUH
42.0 235.00
43.0 195.00
44.0 155.00
45.0 115.00
46.0 100.00
47.0 80.00
48.0 70.00
49.0 60.00
50.0 50.00
51.0 40.00
52.0 30.00
53.0 20.00
54.0 15.00
55.0 10.00
56.0 5.00
57.22 0.00
Summation = 29023.9 cumecs Eq. 1
Sum(Qi) = (A*d)/(tr*0.36) = 29047.2 cumecs Eq. 2
Since Eq.1 = Eq.2, so unitgraph drawn is in order

Step : - 4 Estimation of design storm duration

TD = 1.1 tp = 20.00 hrs The design storm duration

Step : - 5 Estimation of point rainfall and areal rainfall

50-yr, 24-hr rainfall 30 cm (From Plate-10)

Conversion ratio = 0.970 (From Fig-10)
So, 50-yr 20-hr point rainfall 29.10 cm
Areal reduction factor = 0.967 Areal reduction factor corresponding to area 10457Sq. km and TD=20 hrs
So, 50-yr 20-hr areal rainfall 28.14 cm (From Fig 11(b))

Step : - 6 Time distribution of Areal Rainfall and Calculation of Rainfall Excess

This 50-yr 20-hrs areal rainfall is distributed as below (from Table 5.1)

Hourly
Design Rainfall
Distribution Storm Rainfall
Duration (hrs) Loss Rate Excess
coefficient Rainfall (cm) Increament
(cm/hr) (cms)
(cm)
1 0.22 6.19 6.19 0.15 6.04
2 0.32 9.00 2.81 0.15 2.66
3 0.4 11.25 2.25 0.15 2.10
4 0.46 12.94 1.69 0.15 1.54
5 0.53 14.91 1.97 0.15 1.82
6 0.58 16.32 1.41 0.15 1.26
7 0.62 17.44 1.13 0.15 0.98
8 0.66 18.57 1.13 0.15 0.98
9 0.7 19.70 1.13 0.15 0.98
10 0.74 20.82 1.13 0.15 0.98
11 0.77 21.67 0.84 0.15 0.69
12 0.8 22.51 0.84 0.15 0.69
13 0.83 23.35 0.84 0.15 0.69
14 0.85 23.92 0.56 0.15 0.41
15 0.89 25.04 1.13 0.15 0.98
16 0.91 25.60 0.56 0.15 0.41
17 0.93 26.17 0.56 0.15 0.41
18 0.96 27.01 0.84 0.15 0.69
19 0.98 27.57 0.56 0.15 0.41
20 1 28.14 0.56 0.15 0.41

Step : - 7 Estimation of base flow

Item Equation Value
qb 0.100 cumecs/sq km The design base flow (As per para 3.6)
Qb qb * A 1045.70 cumecs Total base flow

Step : - 8 Estimation of 50-yr Flood Peak

For the estimation of the peak discharge the effective rainfall units were re-arranged against the ordinates such that the maximum effective
rainfall was placed against the maximum U.G. ordinates, the next lower value of effective rainfall against the next lower value of U.G.
ordinate and so on as shown in column (2) and (3) in the following table
 SUH

Direct
1-hr effective
U.G. Ordinates (cumec) Runoff
rainfall (cm)
(cumecs)
(1) (2) (3)
1662.34 6.04 10040.69
1579.22 2.66 4206.54
1496.11 2.10 3143.23
1450.00 1.54 2230.40
1412.99 1.82 2571.04
1350.00 1.26 1696.73
1246.75 0.98 1216.17
1246.75 0.98 1216.17
1163.64 0.98 1135.10
1150.00 0.98 1121.79
1080.52 0.69 749.99
997.40 0.69 692.30
950.00 0.69 659.40
670.00 0.41 276.53
620.00 0.98 604.79
580.00 0.41 239.39
498.70 0.41 205.83
457.14 0.69 317.30
440.00 0.41 181.60
415.58 0.41 171.53

Summation 32676.54 cumecs

Base Flow 1045.70 cumecs
So, 50-yr total peak flood 33722 cumecs
Voyants Solutions Pvt.Ltd. Hydrology Report

Hydraulic Calculations for Bridge at Ch. 176+600

Road Name - NH-200

Name of River/Stream - Hasdeo River
Skew angle - 0.0 deg.
High Flood Level at Structure - 234.153
High Flood Level at 300m U/S - 234.153
High Flood Level at 300m D/S - 234.153

1. Empirical Method (Dicken's formula):-

Discharge as per Dicken's formula (Refer IRC:SP-13,2004,page-7)

3/4
Q=C x M

C = 11-14 where annual rainfall is 60-120cm

= 14-19 where annual rainfall is more than 120cm
= 22 in Western Ghat

Catchment Area, M = 10457 Sq. Km (Form CWC report 3d, for Hasdeo river)
Dicken's Coefficient, C = 19 (Refer IRC:SP-13,2004,page-7)

Peak Runoff/ Discharge, Q1 = C x M3/4 cumecs

= 19647.6 cumecs
2. Slope Area Method:-
At Structure Location
237.000 Series1

236.000 HFL Series3

235.000

234.000

233.000

232.000

231.000

230.000

229.000

228.000
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00

Average Bed Slope of River, S = 0.0030 from Longitudinal section of Stream (Topographic survey)
Manning's Coefficient, n = 0.045 (Ref.Table 5.1 SP-13-2004, P-18)

RL of Cross
RL of Wetted Hydraulic Mean Discharge
Distance Modified HFL Sectional Depth (d)
Existing GL Perimeter (P) Depth (R=A/P) (Q)
GL Area (A)
0.00 235.800 235.800 234.153
87.00 235.700 235.700 234.153
101.00 235.600 235.600 234.153
127.30 235.400 235.400 234.153
138.00 231.500 231.500 234.153 7.522 11.389 0.660 6.944 2.653
160.00 231.000 231.000 234.153 63.866 22.006 2.902 158.164 3.153
175.00 230.300 230.300 234.153 52.545 15.016 3.499 147.409 3.853
192.00 230.000 230.000 234.153 68.051 17.003 4.002 208.799 4.153
206.00 229.800 229.800 234.153 59.542 14.001 4.253 190.227 4.353
218.30 228.700 228.700 234.153 60.307 12.349 4.884 211.286 5.453
235.50 229.100 229.100 234.153 90.352 17.205 5.252 332.259 5.053
245.00 229.200 229.200 234.153 47.529 9.501 5.003 169.215 4.953
258.00 229.400 229.400 234.153 63.089 13.002 4.852 220.094 4.753
270.60 229.800 229.800 234.153 57.368 12.606 4.551 191.750 4.353
300.00 229.700 229.700 234.153 129.448 29.400 4.403 423.261 4.453
308.00 229.484 229.484 234.153 36.488 8.003 4.559 122.114 4.669
310.00 229.397 229.397 234.153 9.425 2.002 4.708 32.225 4.756
313.00 229.655 229.655 234.153 13.881 3.011 4.610 46.799 4.498
315.10 229.300 229.300 234.153 9.819 2.130 4.610 33.103 4.853
402.10 228.800 228.800 234.153 443.961 87.001 5.103 1601.666 5.353
410.50 229.100 229.100 234.153 43.705 8.405 5.200 159.661 5.053
419.30 228.900 228.900 234.153 45.346 8.802 5.152 164.635 5.253
429.10 229.300 229.300 234.153 49.519 9.808 5.049 177.384 4.853
437.10 229.600 229.600 234.153 37.624 8.006 4.700 128.487 4.553
444.10 229.600 229.600 234.153 31.871 7.000 4.553 106.564 4.553
452.10 229.500 229.500 234.153 36.824 8.001 4.603 124.018 4.653
459.10 229.600 229.600 234.153 32.221 7.001 4.603 108.514 4.553
468.10 229.500 229.500 234.153 41.427 9.001 4.603 139.521 4.653
483.10 229.746 229.746 234.153 67.950 15.002 4.529 226.411 4.407
491.10 229.600 229.600 234.153 35.840 8.001 4.479 118.537 4.553
498.10 229.600 229.600 234.153 31.871 7.000 4.553 106.564 4.553
505.10 229.600 229.600 234.153 31.871 7.000 4.553 106.564 4.553
512.10 229.800 229.800 234.153 31.171 7.003 4.451 102.663 4.353
521.10 229.800 229.800 234.153 39.177 9.000 4.353 127.127 4.353
529.10 229.700 229.700 234.153 35.224 8.001 4.403 115.168 4.453
Voyants Solutions Pvt.Ltd. Hydrology Report

537.10 229.800 229.800 234.153 35.224 8.001 4.403 115.168 4.353

545.10 229.890 229.890 234.153 34.464 8.001 4.308 111.057 4.263
555.10 230.000 230.000 234.153 42.080 10.001 4.208 133.492 4.153
563.10 230.800 230.800 234.153 30.024 8.040 3.734 87.962 3.353
573.10 230.000 230.000 234.153 37.530 10.032 3.741 110.083 4.153
581.10 229.800 229.800 234.153 34.024 8.002 4.252 108.686 4.353
592.10 229.800 229.800 234.153 47.883 11.000 4.353 155.378 4.353
600.10 229.900 229.900 234.153 34.424 8.001 4.303 110.841 4.253
606.10 229.800 229.800 234.153 25.818 6.001 4.302 83.128 4.353
615.10 230.800 230.800 234.153 34.677 9.055 3.829 103.311 3.353
622.10 230.200 230.200 234.153 25.571 7.026 3.640 73.644 3.953
627.30 230.800 230.800 234.153 18.996 5.235 3.629 54.599 3.353
640.10 234.800 234.800 234.153 17.318 13.410 1.291 24.998
640.10 235.200 235.200 234.153 0.000 0.400 0.000 0.000
645.10 235.600 235.600 234.153
649.10 236.000 236.000 234.153
An2*= 2222.9 m^2 P= 514.9 m Q2 = 7379.5 Cumecs
Average depth, d = 4.4 m
Lowest Bed Level = 228.700 m
Hydraulic Mean Depth (R= A/P) = 4.3 m
Slope Area Method:-
At 300m U/S Location

236.000 Series1

HFL Series2

235.000 Series3

234.000

233.000

232.000

231.000

230.000

229.000

228.000
0.000 100.000 200.000 300.000 400.000 500.000 600.000 700.000

Average Bed Slope of River, S = 0.0030 from Longitudinal section of Stream

Manning's Coefficient, n = 0.045 (Ref.Table 5.1 SP-13-2004, P-18)

RL of Cross
RL of Wetted Hydraulic Mean Discharge
Distance Modified HFL Sectional Depth (d)
Existing GL Perimeter (P) Depth (R=A/P) (Q)
GL Area (A)
0.000 234.600 234.600 234.153 - - - - -
90.000 234.400 234.400 234.153
106.000 234.000 234.000 234.153 0.153
127.000 233.400 233.400 234.153 9.513 21.009 0.453 6.828 0.753
150.000 231.100 231.100 234.153 43.769 23.115 1.894 81.539 3.053
170.000 230.400 230.400 234.153 68.060 20.012 3.401 187.343 3.753
185.000 230.000 230.000 234.153 59.295 15.005 3.952 180.391 4.153
223.000 229.800 229.800 234.153 161.61 38.001 4.253 516.361 4.353
242.000 229.300 229.300 234.153 87.457 19.007 4.601 294.489 4.853
248.000 229.500 229.500 234.153 28.518 6.003 4.750 98.089 4.653
252.000 229.400 229.400 234.153 18.812 4.001 4.702 64.260 4.753
254.000 229.600 229.600 234.153 9.306 2.010 4.630 31.465 4.553
256.000 229.200 229.200 234.153 9.506 2.040 4.661 32.283 4.953
258.000 229.000 229.000 234.153 10.106 2.010 5.028 36.101 5.153
347.600 228.877 228.877 234.153 467.219 89.600 5.214 1710.056 5.276
353.000 230.000 230.000 234.153 25.458 5.516 4.616 85.902 4.153
383.000 229.780 229.780 234.153 127.890 30.001 4.263 409.249 4.373
406.000 229.670 229.670 234.153 101.844 23.000 4.428 334.261 4.483
441.000 230.000 230.000 234.153 151.130 35.002 4.318 487.762 4.153
456.000 231.000 231.000 234.153 54.795 15.033 3.645 157.960 3.153
471.000 229.862 229.862 234.153 55.830 15.043 3.711 162.893 4.291
483.000 230.000 230.000 234.153 50.664 12.001 4.222 161.080 4.153
498.000 230.000 230.000 234.153 62.295 15.000 4.153 195.904 4.153
510.000 229.800 229.800 234.153 51.036 12.002 4.252 163.048 4.353
526.000 229.400 229.400 234.153 72.848 16.005 4.552 243.523 4.753
537.000 229.400 229.400 234.153 52.283 11.000 4.753 179.896 4.753
546.000 230.000 230.000 234.153 40.077 9.020 4.443 131.837 4.153
561.000 229.710 229.710 234.153 64.470 15.003 4.297 207.410 4.443
570.000 229.700 229.700 234.153 40.032 9.000 4.448 131.785 4.453
594.000 230.000 230.000 234.153 103.272 24.002 4.303 332.523 4.153
607.000 232.000 232.000 234.153 40.989 13.153 3.116 106.442 2.153
612.000 234.000 234.000 234.153 5.765 5.385 1.071 7.343 0.153
616.000 234.600 234.600 234.153
620.000 235.200 235.200 234.153
623.000 235.600 235.600 234.153
An2*= 2073.9 m^2 P= 507.0 m Q2 = 6738.0 Cumecs
Average depth, d = 1.320 m
Lowest Bed Level = 231.100 m
Hydraulic Mean Depth (R= A/P) = 4.1 m
Voyants Solutions Pvt.Ltd. Hydrology Report

Slope Area Method:-

At 300m D/S Location

237.000 Series1

236.000
HFL Series2

Series3

235.000

234.000

233.000

232.000

231.000

230.000

229.000

228.000
0.000 100.000 200.000 300.000 400.000 500.000 600.000 700.000

Average Bed Slope of River, S = 0.0030 from Longitudinal section of Stream

Manning's Coefficient, n = 0.045 (Ref.Table 5.1 SP-13-2004, P-18)

RL of Cross
RL of Wetted Hydraulic Mean Discharge
Distance Modified HFL Sectional Depth (d)
Existing GL Perimeter (P) Depth (R=A/P) (Q)
GL Area (A)
0.000 235.800 235.800 234.153 - - - - -
87.000 235.700 235.700 234.153
101.000 235.600 235.600 234.153
127.300 235.400 235.400 234.153
138.000 231.500 231.500 234.153 7.522 11.389 0.660 6.944 2.653
160.000 231.000 231.000 234.153 63.866 22.006 2.902 158.164 3.153
175.000 230.300 230.300 234.153 52.545 15.016 3.499 147.409 3.853
192.000 230.000 230.000 234.153 68.051 17.003 4.002 208.799 4.153
206.000 229.800 229.800 234.153 59.542 14.001 4.253 190.227 4.353
218.300 228.700 228.700 234.153 60.307 12.349 4.884 211.286 5.453
235.500 229.100 229.100 234.153 90.352 17.205 5.252 332.259 5.053
245.000 229.200 229.200 234.153 47.529 9.501 5.003 169.215 4.953
258.000 229.400 229.400 234.153 63.089 13.002 4.852 220.094 4.753
270.600 229.800 229.800 234.153 57.368 12.606 4.551 191.750 4.353
300.000 229.700 229.700 234.153 129.448 29.400 4.403 423.261 4.453
308.000 229.484 229.484 234.153 36.488 8.003 4.559 122.114 4.669
310.000 229.397 229.397 234.153 9.425 2.002 4.708 32.225 4.756
313.000 229.655 229.655 234.153 13.881 3.011 4.610 46.799 4.498
315.100 229.300 229.300 234.153 9.819 2.130 4.610 33.103 4.853
402.100 228.800 228.800 234.153 443.961 87.001 5.103 1601.666 5.353
410.500 229.100 229.100 234.153 43.705 8.405 5.200 159.661 5.053
419.300 228.900 228.900 234.153 45.346 8.802 5.152 164.635 5.253
429.100 229.300 229.300 234.153 49.519 9.808 5.049 177.384 4.853
437.100 229.600 229.600 234.153 37.624 8.006 4.700 128.487 4.553
444.100 229.600 229.600 234.153 31.871 7.000 4.553 106.564 4.553
452.100 229.500 229.500 234.153 36.824 8.001 4.603 124.018 4.653
459.100 229.600 229.600 234.153 32.221 7.001 4.603 108.514 4.553
468.100 229.500 229.500 234.153 41.427 9.001 4.603 139.521 4.653
483.100 229.746 229.746 234.153 67.950 15.002 4.529 226.411 4.407
491.100 229.600 229.600 234.153 35.840 8.001 4.479 118.537 4.553
498.100 229.600 229.600 234.153 31.871 7.000 4.553 106.564 4.553
505.100 229.600 229.600 234.153 31.871 7.000 4.553 106.564 4.553
512.100 229.800 229.800 234.153 31.171 7.003 4.451 102.663 4.353
521.100 229.800 229.800 234.153 39.177 9.000 4.353 127.127 4.353
529.100 229.700 229.700 234.153 35.224 8.001 4.403 115.168 4.453
537.100 229.800 229.800 234.153 35.224 8.001 4.403 115.168 4.353
545.100 229.890 229.890 234.153 34.464 8.001 4.308 111.057 4.263
555.100 230.000 230.000 234.153 42.080 10.001 4.208 133.492 4.153
563.100 230.800 230.800 234.153 30.024 8.040 3.734 87.962 3.353
573.100 230.000 230.000 234.153 37.530 10.032 3.741 110.083 4.153
581.100 229.800 229.800 234.153 34.024 8.002 4.252 108.686 4.353
592.100 229.800 229.800 234.153 47.883 11.000 4.353 155.378 4.353
600.100 229.900 229.900 234.153 34.424 8.001 4.303 110.841 4.253
606.100 229.800 229.800 234.153 25.818 6.001 4.302 83.128 4.353
615.100 230.800 230.800 234.153 34.677 9.055 3.829 103.311 3.353
622.100 230.200 230.200 234.153 25.571 7.026 3.640 73.644 3.953
627.300 230.800 230.800 234.153 18.996 5.235 3.629 54.599 3.353
640.100 234.800 234.800 234.153 17.318 13.410 1.291 24.998
640.100 235.200 235.200 234.153 0.000 0.400 0.000 0.000
645.100 235.600 235.600 234.153
649.100 236.000 236.000 234.153
An2*= 2222.9 m^2 P= 514.9 m Q2 = 7379.5 Cumecs
Average depth, d = 4.393 m
Lowest Bed Level = 228.700 m
Hydraulic Mean Depth (R= A/P) = 4.3 m
 Voyants Solutions Pvt.Ltd. Hydrology Report

3. Rational Method (Peak Runoff from Catchment):-

Max. Rainfall, F = 77.0 mm (Ref.Appendix-A,IRC:SP-13-2004,P-89)

Duration of Strom, T = 1.0 hour
One hour Rainfall Intensity, Io = F * (T+1)
T * (1+1)
= 7.7 cm/hour
Coefficient of Runoff from the Catchemnt, P = 0.70 (Ref.Table 4.1 IRC:SP-13-2004,P-13)
Coefficient to account for the Catchment, f = 1.00 (Ref.Fig. 4.2 IRC:SP-13-2004,P-14)
Distance from Critical section to Structure, L = 85.00 Km considered from Google
Fall in Level from Critical section to Structure, H = 123.00 m Earth
Catchment Area, A = 1045700 Hectare

Concentration Time in Hours, tc = (0.87 * L3 / H)0.385 (Ref:SP-13-2004, P-12)

= 25.2 hour
Critical Rainfall Intensity, Ic = Io * {2 / (1 + tc)} (Ref:SP-13-2004, P-12)
= 0.6 cm/hour

Peak Runoff/ Discharge, Q3 = 0.028 * P * f *A * Ic (Ref:SP-13-2004, P-12)

= 12069.0 cumecs

4. Calculated Discharge from,

i) SUH Method Q1 = 33722 cumecs
i) Empirical Method Q2 = 19648 cumecs
ii) Slope Area Method Q3 = 7379 cumecs
iii) Rational Method Q4 12069
Therefore,
Maximum Discharge, Qd = 33722 cumec
Design Discharge, Qdmax = 19648 cumec (As per Cl:6.2.1 of SP-13-2004)

HFL (Without Afflux) = 234.153 m

Average Depth, d = 4.393 m

Area before constriction An2* = 2222.9 sq m

Average velocity prior to constriction Vn1 = 1/n * R0.6667 * S0.5
= 3.2 m/s
Area after constriction An2 = An2* - {no's of piers * average width of piers * average depth (d)}
= 2112.2 sq m
Afflux due to constriction (By Molesworth Formula)
h = [(Vn1^2)/17.88+0.015] [ (An1/An2)^2-1]
= 0.064 m
5. Recommendation
Design Discharge, Qd = 19648 cumecs
Design Affluxed HFL = 234.217 m
Average Velocity, Vn2 = 3.4 m/sec
Depth of Superstructure = 2.500 m
Rerquired vertical clearance = 1.500 m (Ref.Table 12.1 IRC:SP-13-2004, P-37)
Required Finished road level (FRL) = 238.410 m
Provided FRL = 238.620 m
Hence,Hydraulically Adequate
Hence,the structure is hydraulically adequate. No additional waterway is required.

LINEAR WATER WAY

Calculated HFL = 234.217 m
Linear Water Way Required/ Regime Width W = 4.8 Q = 672.8 m
Linear Water Way Provided = 699.0 m
Effective Linear Water Way Provided = 675.3 m
Bank to bank distance at HFL (from river cross section) = 654.1 m
Voyants Solutions Pvt.Ltd. Hydrology Report

Design Change: 176+600

Longitudinal Slope of Stream

Cum.
Distance
Distance RL
(m)
(m)
0.000 0.0 237.390
79.463 79.5 236.642
116.441 195.9 236.780
138.334 334.2 235.849
61.890 396.1 236.156
93.369 489.5 235.365
86.927 576.4 235.595
87.186 663.6 234.025
35.575 699.2 234.170
11.598 710.8 235.541
12.662 723.4 233.647
19.923 743.4 234.003
15.987 759.4 236.186
9.258 768.6 233.789
17.086 785.7 236.066
79.299 865.0 234.012
71.303 936.3 234.049
90.073 1026.4 233.700
71.209 1097.6 232.997
88.962 1186.5 233.672
63.156 1249.7 235.098
74.403 1324.1 233.267

Series1 y = -0.00303x + 235.14074

Linear (Series1)
Linear (Series1)
Longitudinal Section
238.000

237.000

236.000

235.000

234.000

233.000

232.000
0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 800.0 1000.0 1200.0 1400.0
CALCULATION OF SCOUR DEPTH & SCOUR LEVEL:

To provide for adequate margin of safety of the foundations for the proposed Bridge structure in
river bed shall be designed for a larger discharge which should higher than the available data of
river discharge during floods. Such additional percent of design discharge may be adopted at the
discretion of the Foundation Designer to cover the possibility of floods of longer return period
occurring during the life of the structure.

The following theoretical method may be adopted when dealing with natural channels flowing in
non-coherent alluvium. The mean depth of scour dsm in meters below the highest flood level may
be calculated from the equation

Db 2 1
d sm 1.34 3
sf
K
Where, Db = the discharge in cumecs per meter width of effective linear waterway.
Ksf = the representative silt factor for bed materials.

The designer is required to understand the scour phenomena at a particular site, and adopt
moderated reasonable approximate design values of mean diameter of particles, design discharge,
width of waterway for calculating the mean & maximum scour depth. It is also preferable to
compare the estimated value of mean scour depth with the reported scour depths adopted in
design of nearby bridge structures. Simple use of formula may not always help.

Considering the investigated layered soil, scour calculations (As per IRC: 78-2014) around all the
boreholes has been done and presented in the Annexure part of the report. A sample calculation
of scour is as follows:

Given,

HFL = 234.154 M
Bed level = 228.800 M
Design Discharge = 19648 cumecs
Effective Linear Water Way = 675.3 m.
Db = the discharge in cumecs per meter width of effective linear waterway
= 19648/675.3 = 29.1 cumecs/m width of effective linear waterway.
COMPUTATION OF SILT FACTOR AT BH-5 LOCATION

For Stratum-I up to 4.5 m depth (coarse dense to dense sand):

The silt factor has been determined as per IRC 78 - 2014

Particle size distribution for the layer is as follows-

Weighted
Average Col Silt
Seive size Mean dm
Soil Type Size Soil Retained (3)xCol factor(Ksf)
(mm) Diameter (mm)
(mm) (4) 1.76dm
(dm) mm
Col (1) Col (2) Col (3) Col (4) Col (5) Col (6) Col (7) Col (8)
Gravel >4.75 4.75 10.3 48.925
Coarse
4.75 to 2.0 3.375 22.4 75.6
sand
Medium
2 to 0.425 1.2125 10.5 12.73
sand 1.459 1.21 2.126
0.425 to 0.75
Fine sand 0.25 32.3 8.075
Silt 0.075 to .002 0.0385 15 0.5775
Clay 0.002-0.001 0.0015 9.5 0.01425
Total = 100 145.923

Silt factor of sand layer up to 4.5 m depth is 2.126

For Stratum-II up to 2.5 m depth (weathered rock):

Silt factor for rock up to 2.5m depth has been considered 23 with reference to strength of rock
and the link mentioned below.
www.kennisbank-waterbouw.nl/DesignCodes/rockmanual/BWchapter%204.pdf
Determination of maximum depth of scour at pier location

The details of computation for maximum depth of scour at the location of pier are shown below :

Average value of silt factor for Soil within 2*Dsm Scour = Ksf =(4.5*2.126+2.5*23)/(4.5+2.5)
= 9.581

Linear Discharge, Db = 29.1 cumecs/m.

Mean scour depth, dsm = 1.34 x (29.12 /9.581)1/3 = 5.97 m.
Maximum scour depth, 2dsm = 2.0 x 5.97 = 11.940 m.
Maximum scour level = 234.154-11.940 = 222.214 m.

Maximum scour from bed = 228.800 - (234.154-11.940)m = 6.6 m 7.0m

Top of Ht. of sand Probable max. scour

BH
Pier EGL weathered layer above depth below EGL
No.
No. Rock rock considered
1 A1 233.100 228.600 4.5m 7.0m
2 P1 232.500 228.000 4.5m 7.0m
3 P2
230.000

4.5m

4 P3
225.5

7.0m
5 P4
6 P5
7 P6
15 P 14
16 P 15
229.700

224.900

7.0 m
4.8m

17 P 16
18 P 17
19 P 18
20 P 19
21 A2 233.500 229.000 4.5m 7.0 m
COMPUTATION OF SILT FACTOR AT BH-10 LOCATION

For Stratum-I up to 7.5 m depth (coarse dense to dense sand):

The silt factor has been determined as per IRC 78 - 2014

Particle size distribution for the layer is as follows-

Weighted
Average Col Silt
Seive size Mean dm
Soil Type Size Soil Retained (3)xCol factor(Ksf)
(mm) Diameter (mm)
(mm) (4) 1.76dm
(dm) mm
Col (1) Col (2) Col (3) Col (4) Col (5) Col (6) Col (7) Col (8)
Gravel >4.75 4.75 8.3 39.425
Coarse
4.75 to 2.0 3.375 19 64.125
sand
Medium
2 to 0.425 1.2125 11.1 13.458
sand 1.267 1.126 1.98
0.425 to 0.75
Fine sand 0.25 36.5 9.125
Silt 0.075 to .002 0.0385 15.6 0.6006
Clay 0.002-0.001 0.0015 9.5 0.01425
Total = 100 126.748

Silt factor of sand layer up to 7.5 m depth is 1.98

For Stratum-II up to 1.7 m depth (weathered rock):

Silt factor for rock up to 1.7m depth has been considered 23 with reference to strength of rock
and the link mentioned below.
www.kennisbank-waterbouw.nl/DesignCodes/rockmanual/BWchapter%204.pdf
Determination of maximum depth of scour at pier location

The details of computation for maximum depth of scour at the location of pier are shown below :

Average value of silt factor for Soil within 2*Dsm Scour = ,Ksfav =(7.5*1.98+1.7*23)/(7.5+1.7)
= 5.86

Linear Discharge, Db = 29.1 cumecs/m.

Mean scour depth, dsm = 1.34 x (29.12 /5.86)1/3 = 7.03 m.
Maximum scour depth, 2dsm = 2.0 x 7.03 = 14.06 m.
Maximum scour level = 234.154 - 14.06 = 220.094 m.

Maximum scour from bed = 228.800-(234.154-14.06)m = 8.71 m 9.0m

Top of Ht. of sand Probable max. scour

BH
Pier EGL weathered layer above depth below EGL
No.
No. Rock rock considered
8 P7
9 P8
229.300

221.200

10 P9
8.1m

9.0m
11 P 10
12 P 11
13 P 12
14 P 13
 CLIENT: AUTHORITY ENGINEER: EPC CONTRACTOR: DESIGN CONSULTANT: PROOF CONSULTANT: PROJECT: TITLE: DRG NO : VSPL/1602/CHHATTISGARH/PKG-II/MJB/1+160/LP
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1.0 INTRODUCTION:
The present soil investigation report is for bridge at Chainage:176+600 km.
(Old), 1+160 km. (New).

The investigation comprises of sinking twenty-one number of Boreholes of maximum

depth of 23.00 m at bridge Location with collection of samples and conducting
relevant field and laboratory tests. Based on the investigation the subsoil condition at
the bridge location has been identified and an analysis has been done for the
suitable foundation and Bearing capacities for the structure.

2.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION:

2.1 GENERAL:
For the finalization in the design of the foundation for the proposed structure to be
constructed at the site, geotechnical investigation was done.

The total investigation programme has two phases.

a) Field Works.
b) Laboratory Testing.
In field work, the type of sub-surface deposits and their characterization have been
revealed. Laboratory testing actually helps in determining relevant geotechnical
properties of the subsurface deposits leading to finalization of foundation depths and
type of the structures and the bearing capacity with particular reference to the sub-
surface types and their strength parameters and settlement potentials at the site.

2.2 BORING/SAMPLING:
Of the different types of explorations, borings are the most practical and relatively
correct method of obtaining sub-surface information. The most important aspect of
the boring operations is to obtain information about the subsoil profiles, its nature and
strength and to collect soil samples for strata identification and conducting laboratory
tests.
The bore holes of 150 mm diameter (and NX size in rock) were sunk as per
specifications and IS:1892. Casings as required were used to retain the borehole.
Bore Holes were taken at locations judiciously specified and were extended upto
specified maximum depth around 23.00m. Boring was carried out by wash boring
method in soil. Adequate care as per specification and Indian standard practice was
taken to prevent any possible side collapse in bore holes.
The details of the bore hole including field tests of Standard Penetration tests and
also collection of disturbed soil samples are given in Bore Log enclosed. All the
representative samples of sub-surface deposits were collected from bore holes,
labeled depth wise and placed in polythene bags. Reference Numbers and depth of
these samples are shown in Bore Log Data Sheets.

2.3 STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT):

The standard penetration tests were conducted as per IS 2131-1981. The split spoon
sampler, connected with a string of drill rods, was lowered into the bottom of the bore
hole. The sampler was driven into the soil stratum upto a maximum depth of 450mm.
by making use of 63.5 kg. weight falling freely from a height of 750mm on to an anvil
fixed on the top of drill rod. The number of blows required to penetrate each of the
successive 150mm. depths was counted to produce a total penetration of 450mm. To
avoid seating errors, the blows required for the first 150mm. of penetration was not
taken into account. Those required to increase the penetration from 150mm. to
450mm. constituted the N-number. On completion of the test, the sampler was lifted
to the ground, opened, and the specimen of the soil sample was stored in polythene
bags with the proper identification mark. N-value is noted in bore hole log data sheets
against the corresponding depth.
As the explored stratum was cohesion-less in nature correction is needed in SPT
values. Corrected N value is given as follows.

BH no. Depth (m) Field SPT Corrected SPT

BH-1 1.00 30 30
2.50 34 28
BH-2 1.00 19 22
2.50 28 25
BH-3 1.00 27 28
2.50 34 29
BH-4 1.00 19 22
2.50 32 27
BH-5 1.00 24 25
2.50 27 25
BH-6 1.00 25 26
2.50 30 27
BH-7 1.00 26 27
2.50 29 27
BH-8 1.00 28 28
2.50 31 28
4.00 35 29
BH-9 1.00 27 28
2.50 30 27
4.00 34 28
6.00 37 28
BH-10 1.00 25 26
2.50 31 28
4.00 34 28
6.00 38 29
BH-11 1.00 27 28
2.50 32 29
4.00 35 29
BH-12 1.00 27 28
2.50 31 29
4.00 34 29
6.00 37 29
BH-13 1.00 27 28
2.50 32 28
4.00 36 29
6.00 38 29
BH-14 1.00 27 28
2.50 33 29
4.00 36 29
6.00 40 30
BH-15 1.00 25 26
2.50 28 26
 BH no. Depth (m) Field SPT Corrected SPT
BH-16 1.00 26 27
2.50 36 32
BH-17 1.00 26 27
2.50 26 25
BH-18 1.00 25 26
2.50 32 29
BH-20 1.00 21 23
2.50 28 25
BH-21 1.00 19 22
2.50 28 25

2.4 MEASUREMENT OF WATER LEVEL:

Depth of level of water was noted when struck in. This is termed as depth of
observed water level below existing ground level (EGL). Depth of standing water
level (SWL) below EGL after 24 hours of removal of casing was also noted and
shown in the profile. Standing water level was found at from 1.00m to 4.50 m below
existing ground level. However ground water level is considered at ground level for
design purpose.

2.5 ROTARY CORE DRILLING:

Conventional diamond core drilling equipment was used for drilling vertical holes upto
specified depth at each location. Rotary core drilling in rock was carried out
according to IS 1892-1979. This drilling technique was regarded as the most
satisfactory method of assessing the character of rock formations, which lie at depth
below the ground surface. Specimens of rock in the form of cylindrical cores were
recovered from the drill hole by means of a core barrel. Double barrel technique was
adopted according to field condition. The core barrel was provided at its lower end
with a detachable shoe or core bit, which is of diamond. All rotary core bits were of
NX (73mm) size.

2.6 DETAILS OF BOREHOLES AND SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED:

Depth of Samples
BH
Chainage Depth SWL Collected
No. Date
(km) (m) below
U S D W
EGL (m)
BH-1 20.00 4.50 30.05.2016 - 2 3 -
BH-2 21.00 4.50 30.05.2016 - 2 3 -
BH-3 18.00 2.50 02.06.2016 - 2 2 -
BH-4 18.00 2.50 02.06.2016 - 2 2 -
BH-5 18.00 1.50 08.06.2016 - 2 3 -
BH-6 18.00 1.50 07.06.2016 - 2 3 -
BH-7 19.00 1.50 10.06.0216 - 2 3 -
BH-8 19.00 1.50 11.06.2016 - 3 4 -
176+600
BH-9 18.00 1.50 12.06.2016 - 4 5 -
BH-10 19.00 1.50 13.06.2016 - 4 5 -
BH-11 19.00 1.00 14.06.2016 - 3 4 -
BH-12 23.00 1.00 15.06.2016 - 4 5 -
BH-13 18.00 1.50 15.06.2016 - 4 5 -
BH-14 19.00 1.50 11.06.2016 - 4 5 -
BH-15 18.00 1.50 08.06.2016 - 2 3 -
BH-16 19.00 1.00 06.06.2016 - 2 3 -
 Depth of Samples
BH
Chainage Depth SWL Collected
No. Date
(km) (m) below
U S D W
EGL (m)
BH-17 18.00 1.00 06.06.2016 - 2 3 -
BH-18 15.00 1.50 03.06.2016 - 2 3 -
176+600 BH-19 15.00 1.50 02.06.2016 - - - -
BH-20 17.00 4.50 31.05.2016 - 2 3 -
BH-21 20.00 4.50 29.05.2016 - 2 3 -
Note: SWL=Standing Water Level, EGL=Existing Ground Level
U=Undisturbed Soil Sample, D=Disturbed Soil Sample,
S=Standard Penetration Test, W=Water Sample
3.0 LABORATORY TESTING:
For proper identification and classification of the sub-surface and for deriving
adequate information regarding its relevant physical and geotechnical properties at
the site under investigation, the following laboratory tests were conducted on the soil
and rock samples collected from the bore holes:
For Soil Samples:
1. Grain size analysis (Sieve).
2. Specific Gravity.

For Rock Samples:

1. Bulk density, Specific Gravity & water absorption.
2. Unconfined Compression Strength Test.
The above mentioned laboratory tests were done following the testing procedure
given in the relevant parts of IS: 2720 and other relevant codes. Results of all tests
are furnished in Annexure of this report.

4.0 SUBSOIL PROFILE:

The subsoil is characterized by medium dense to dense, sand layer at top followed
by a layer of weathered rock and that continued up to the terminating depth of
borehole.
4.1 STRATUM-I:
The average properties of the layer are as follows:
Gravel (%) 07
Sand (%) 89
Silt (%)+Clay (%) 05
Specific gravity 2.61
Range of N value 19 to 38
IS Classification SP

4.2. STRATUM-II:
The average properties of the layer are as follows:
Description Soft rock.
Bulk density (gm/cc) 2.60
Specific Gravity 2.63
UCS (kg/cm2) 103.56
Water Absorption 1.53
Range of TCR (%) 15 to 98
Range of RQD (%) 00 to 47
4.3. STRATUM-IIA:
The average properties of the layer are as follows:
Description Hard rock.
Bulk density (gm/cc) 2.86
Specific Gravity 2.88
UCS (kg/cm2) 179.00
Water Absorption 0.41
Range of TCR (%) 66 to 98
Range of RQD (%) 47 to 60
Note: TCR means total core recovery and RQD means rock quality designation.

5.0 CHOICE OF FOUNDATION & FOUNDING LEVEL:

Considering the nature of the subsoil and the type of structures to be constructed at
the present site, deep foundation in form of pile is recommended.

6.0 CALCULATION OF SCOUR DEPTH & SCOUR LEVEL:

To provide for adequate margin of safety of the foundations for the proposed bridge
structure in river bed shall be designed for a larger discharge which should higher
than the available data of river discharge during floods. Such additional percent of
design discharge may be adopted at the discretion of the Foundation Designer to
cover the possibility of floods of longer return period occurring during the life of the
structure.

The following theoretical method may be adopted when dealing with natural
channels flowing in non-coherent alluvium. The mean depth of scour dsm in meters
below the highest flood level may be calculated from the equation

D 2 1
d sm 1.34 b 3
K sf
Where, Db = the discharge in cumecs per metre width of effective linear
waterway.
Ksf = the representative silt factor for bed materials.
The designer is required to understand the scour phenomena at a particular site, and
adopt moderated reasonable approximate design values of mean diameter of
particles, design discharge, width of waterway for calculating the mean & maximum
scour depth. It is also preferable to compare the estimated value of mean scour
depth with the reported scour depths adopted in design of nearby bridge structures.
Simple use of formula may not always help.

Silt Factor plays a significant role in finalising the scour depth and also the founding
levels for the foundation of structures. Engineers often are confronted with a difficult
job of choosing an appropriate value of silt factor. In the absence / identification of
correct silt factor, there is a problem in the selection of this important parameter as
the same is left to the judgment, discretion and experience of the designer.

However, around BH-8 to BH-14, depth up to 10.00 m below existing ground

level is scourable and around BH-1 to BH-7 & BH-15 to BH-21 depth up to 7.50
m below existing ground level is scourable. (Refer scour calculation)
7.0 USE OF PILE FOUNDATION:
For higher bearing capacity deep foundation in form of pile can be used. While
designing the type of foundation for the proposed structure, the foundation designer
should take care of the type building, actual loads of the building structure, nature of
soil and possible settlement, seismic zone consideration etc. Considering all aspects,
it would be wise to adopt deep foundation in form of pile.

The foundation designer may consider adoption of suitable diameter and length of
pile foundation depending on the type size and other considerations of the proposed
bridge structure.

Bored cast in-situ piles are preferred due to typical geological formation, availability
of construction agencies; ease of construction and less sound pollution.
While calculating the pile capacity, the following consideration are made,

a) The pile capacity is calculated based on average layer stratification as we

have around borehole locations..
b) Assumed Grade of Concrete = M35
c) Diameter of pile used = 1000mm & 1200mm.
d) Cut-off depth = 2.00 m below Existing Ground Level (EGL).
e) Around BH-7 to BH-13, depth up to 10.00 m below existing ground level is
scour able and around BH-1 to BH-6 & BH-14 to BH-21 depth up to 7.50
m below existing ground level is scour able.

DETERMINATION OF VERTICAL PILE CAPACITY:

Sample Calculation of Safe Vertical Pile Capacity around BH-8 to BH-14 [As per
IRC: 78-2014]
Depth upto 10.00 m below EGL is scourable.
Termination depth of pile = 16.00 m below existing ground level.
Length of socket = 4.50 m.
Effective socket length = 4.50 0.30 = 4.20 m. (neglecting 300 mm in socket length)
Ultimate pile capacity, Qu = Re + Raf
Allowable pile capacity = Qallow = (Re/3) + (Raf/6)
Average core recovery = 70% (along socket length)
Average rock quality designation = 36 % (along socket length)
Hence, (CR+RQD)/2 = 53%. Ksp = 0.60.
Now, Re = Ksp x qc x dr x Ab
Where, design qc = 120 kg/cm2. = 1200 t/m2.
Ksp = 0.60.
dr = 1.20.
Ab = 1.13 m2.
Hence, Re = 0.60 x 1200 x 1.20 = 864.00 t/m2.
Resafe = 864.00 / 3 = 288.00 t/m2. < 500 t/m2 (OK)
Resafe = 288.00 x 1.13 = 325.44 t.

Now, Raf = As x cus

Where, design cus = 67.50 t/m2.
As = 3.14 x 1.20 x 4.20 = 15.82 m2.

Hence, Raf = 15.82 x 67.50 = 1067.85 t.

Rafsafe = 1067.85 / 6 = 177.98 t.
Hence, Qallow = 325.44 + 177.98 = 503.42 t.
Recommended vertical pile capacity = 450 t.
 Length of Pile
Pile Recommended Vertical Recommended Uplift
Foundation Below Ground
Diameter Pile Capacity Pile Capacity
Location Level (m) (Refer
(mm) (t) (t)
Annexure A)
1000 16.00 350 200
BH-8 to BH-14
1200 16.00 450 250
BH-1 to BH-7 & 1000 16.00 350 200
BH-15 to BH-21 1200 16.00 450 250
DETERMINATION OF LATERAL PILE CAPACITY:
The piles are often subjected to lateral forces under different conditions. In designing
such piles, two criteria need be satisfied: first, an adequate factor of safety against
ultimate failure; and second, an acceptable deflection at working loads. The safe
lateral load capacities as recommended may be moderated in design, keeping
compatibility with structural design and acceptable horizontal deflection.

Safe Lateral Capacity of fixed head pile for permissible lateral defection [as per IS
2911 (Part 1/Sec 2):2010] is given by

H e z f
3

y
12 E I
y= Deflection of pile head. (1% of pile dia as per IRC:78-2014)
H = Safe Lateral load capacity.
E = Youngs Modulus of pile material.
I = Moment of Inertia of pile cross section,
zf = Depth of fixity.
e = Cantilever length below bottom of pile cap.

The sample calculation as per Appendix C of IS 2911 (Part 1/Sec 2):2010 is

provided for help of the foundation designer, who may use the actual data adopted in
design, before ascertaining the pile capacity.

Sample Calculation of Lateral Pile Capacity [(As per IS 2911 (Part 1/Sec 2):
2010]:
Refer to IS : 2911 (Part I/Sec 2) - 2010, Appendix - C
Constant Factor, h = 1.20 kg/cucm corresponding to ''N'' value = 50 [Assuming
Submerged Sand]
T = [EI/h]1/5
Now, I = 10.18 x 106 cm4 [for 1200mm dia pile]
E = 5000 x (fck)0.5 = 5000 x (35)0.5 = 29580 N/sqmm = 2.96 x 105 kg/sqcm
Hence, T = 301.93 cm
From Graph (Fig.4), Lf = 2.18 x T = 658.20 cm [Assuming Fixed Head Piles in Sands]
Pile Head deflection, Y = H x Lf3 / 12EI = 0.0789mm for 1t load
So, for 12mm horizontal deflection, H = 152.05 t. Restricted to 40 t.
Now, Moment = [H x Lf/2] = [1 x 6.58/2] = 3.29t-m per T of thrust
The Reduction Factor for computation of Maximum Moment in Pile, m = 0.82
So, the corrected actual moment, M = 3.29 x 0.82 = 2.70t-m per T of thrust

Recommended Lateral Pile Capacity is 40 t.

Similarly Recommended Lateral Pile Capacity of 1000mm dia Pile is 35 t.
 Pile Length of Pile
Recommended Lateral
Foundation Diamet Below Ground Moment
Pile Capacity
Location er Level (m) (Refer (t-m per 1 t of thrust)
(t)
(mm) Annexure A)
2.33 t-m, 4.80 t-m & 7.07 t-m
35 t, 30 t & 15 t for 0.0 m,
1000 16.00 for 0.0 m, 5.0 m and 10.0 m
5.0 m and 10.0 m overhang
overhang
BH-1 to 21
2.70 t-m, 5.18 t-m & 7.45 t-m
40 t, 35 t & 30 t for 0.0 m,
1200 16.00 for 0.0 m, 5.0 m and 10.0 m
5.0 m and 10.0 m overhang
overhang
Note: for intermediate overhang, lateral pile capacity may be interpolated.
8.0 CONCLUSIONS & GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS:
Based on the field tests and the foregoing discussion the following are summarized:
a) The subsoil is characterized by medium dense to dense, sand layer at top followed
by a layer of weathered rock and that continued up to the terminating depth of
borehole.

b) Standing water level was found varying from 1.00m to 4.50 m below existing
ground level. However ground water level is considered at ground level for design
purpose.

c) Around BH-7 to BH-13, depth up to 10.00 m below existing ground level is scour
able and around BH-1 to BH-6 & BH-14 to BH-21 depth up to 7.50 m below existing
ground level is scour able.

f) Considering the subsoil condition, for higher bearing capacity, deep foundation in
the form of pile is recommended. Bore cast-in-situ piles are preferred due to typical
geological formation, availability of construction agencies and less noise pollution.

g) Such pile can be placed with an embedded depth of 16.00 m below ground level.
Determination and recommendation of vertical, uplift and lateral capacities of
different dia piles have been provided in previous section. However, for routine
design, this is further given below.
Length of Pile Recommended
Pile Recommended Uplift
Foundation Below Ground Vertical Pile
Diameter Pile Capacity
Location Level (m) (Refer Capacity
(mm) (t)
Annexure A) (t)
1000 16.00 350 200
BH-8 to BH-14
1200 16.00 450 250
BH-1 to BH-7 & 1000 16.00 350 200
BH-15 to BH-21 1200 16.00 450 250

Length of Pile Recommended

Pile
Foundation Below Ground Lateral Pile Moment
Diameter
Location Level (m) (Refer Capacity (t-m per 1 t of thrust)
(mm)
Annexure A) (t)
35 t, 30 t & 15 t
2.33 t-m, 4.80 t-m & 7.07 t-
for 0.0 m, 5.0 m
1000 16.00 m for 0.0 m, 5.0 m and 10.0
and 10.0 m
m overhang
overhang
BH-1 to 21
40 t, 35 t & 30 t
2.70 t-m, 5.18 t-m & 7.45 t-
for 0.0 m, 5.0 m
1200 16.00 m for 0.0 m, 5.0 m and 10.0
and 10.0 m
m overhang
overhang
Note: for intermediate overhang, lateral pile capacity may be interpolated.