CALCULO II

Consolidado Final

Politcnico
Gran Colombiano
Facultad
de Ingeniera y Ciencias Bsicas
Ingeniera
Industrial
Bogot
2016
1. Aproxime$$ \int_{1}^{2} \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+} x^4} dx $$ utilizando las
sumas de RIEMAN del punto derecho con n = 8

$$\Delta =\frac{\mathrm{2-1} }{\mathrm{8} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{8} } =

0.125$$

$$f(1) = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+1}^ 4} = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+1} }

= \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{2} } = 0.5$$

$$f(1.125)= \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1.125^4} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }

{\mathrm{1+1.601806641} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{2.601806641} } =
0.384348315$$

$$f(1.25)= \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+1.25^4} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }

{\mathrm{1+2.44140625} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{3.44140625} } =
0.290578887$$

$$f(1.375)= \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+1.375^4} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }

{\mathrm{1+3.574462891} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{4.574462891} } =
0.218604899$$

$$f(1.5)= \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+1.5^4} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }

{\mathrm{1+5.0625} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{6.0625} } = 0.164948453$$

$$f(1.625) = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+1.625^4} } = \frac{\mathrm{|} }

{\mathrm{1+6.972900391} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{7.972900391} } =
0.12542487$$

$$f(1.75) = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+1.75^4} } = \frac{\mathrm{|} }

{\mathrm{1+9.37890625} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{10.37890625} } =
0.096349266$$

$$f(1.875) = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+1.875^4} } = \frac{\mathrm{|} }

{\mathrm{1+12.35961914} } = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{13.35961914} } =
0.074852433$$

$$f(2) = \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+2^4} } = \frac{\mathrm{|} }{\mathrm{1+16} } =

\frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{17} } = 0.058823529$$

Sumando por exceso:

$$A_1=\Delta *f(1) = 0.125*0.5 = 0.625$$

$$A_2=\Delta *f(1.125) = 0.125*0.384348315 = 0.48043539$$

$$A_3=\Delta *f(1.25) = 0.125*0.290578887 = 0.03632236$$

$$A_4=\Delta *f(1.375) = 0.125*0.0.218604899 = 0.027325612$$

$$A_5=\Delta *f(1.5) = 0.125*0.164948453 = 0.020618556$$

$$A_6=\Delta *f(1.625) = 0.125*0.12542487 = 0.01569281$$

$$A_7=\Delta *f(1.75) = 0.125*0.096349266 = 0.012043658$$

$$A_8=\Delta *f(1.875) = 0.125*0.074852433 = 0.009356554$$

$
$\sum_{i=1}^{8}A_i=0.0625+0.48043539+0.03632236+0.027325612+0.020618556+0.01
569281+0.012043658+0.009356554$$

$$\sum_{i=1}^{8}A_i=0.231903038$$

Sumando por defecto:

$$A_1=\Delta *f(1.125) = 0.125*0.384348315 = 0.48043539$$

$$A_2=\Delta *f(1.25) = 0.125*0.290578887 = 0.03632236$$

$$A_3=\Delta *f(1.375) = 0.125*0.0.218604899 = 0.027325612$$

$$A_4=\Delta *f(1.5) = 0.125*0.164948453 = 0.020618556$$

$$A_5=\Delta *f(1.625) = 0.125*0.12542487 = 0.01569281$$

$$A_6=\Delta *f(1.75) = 0.125*0.096349266 = 0.012043658$$

$$A_7=\Delta *f(1.875) = 0.125*0.074852433 = 0.009356554$$

$$A_8=\Delta *f(2) = 0.125*0.058823529 = 0.007352941$$

$
$\sum_{i=1}^{8}A_i=0.48043539+0.03632236+0.027325612+0.020618556+0.01569281+0.012
043658+0.009356554+0.007352941$$

$$\sum_{i=1}^{8}A_i=0.176755979$$
Grfica de Riemann

Resolviendo la integral para comprobar aproximacin de los datos:

$$\int \frac{\mathrm{1} }{\mathrm{1+x^4} }dx=\int \frac{\mathrm{\sqrt{}2x}-2 }

{\mathrm{4\left ( \sqrt{2x}-1-x^2 \right )} }dx+\int \frac{\mathrm{\sqrt{2x}+2} }
{\mathrm{4\left ( \sqrt{2x}+1+x^2 \right )} }dx\rightarrow $$

$$u=\sqrt{2x}-1-x^2$$ $$\rightarrow z=\sqrt{2x}+1+x^2$$

$$du=\sqrt{2}-2xdx$$ $$\rightarrow dz=\sqrt{2}+2xdx$$

$$\frac{du}{\sqrt{2}}=1-\sqrt{2}xdx$$ $$\rightarrow \frac{dz}

{\sqrt{2}}=1+\sqrt{2}xdx$$

$$=\frac{1}{4\sqrt{2}}\int \frac{1}{u}du+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{2}}\int \frac{1}{z}dz$$

$$\int \frac{1}{1+x^4}dx=\frac{1}{4\sqrt{2}}In\left ( \frac{\sqrt{2}x+1+x^2}{\sqrt{2}-1-

x^2} \right )+2\tan^1(2x+1)-2\tan^1(1-\sqrt{2x})+C$$

$$\int_{1}^{2}\frac{1}{1+x^4}dx=\frac{\pi+In(\frac{1}{17}(19-6\sqrt{2}))-2\tan^-
^1(\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3})}{4\sqrt{2}}=0.203154701$$

Error para la suma por exceso:

$$e=\frac{0.231903038-0.176755979}{0.203154701}*100=14.1509582$$

Error para la suma por defecto:

$$e=\frac{0.203154701-0.176755979}{0.203154701}*100=12.9943938$$

2.Calcule las reas A,B,C,D en la siguiente figura. Verifique calculando A+B+C+D en una
sola integracin.

Calculando la recta que pasa por los puntosP1(0,0) y P2(4,4):

$$m=\frac{y2-y1}{x_2-x_1}=\frac{4-0}{4-0}=\frac{4}{4}=1$$

$$y=m_2(x-x_1)+y1\rightarrow y=1(x-0)+0\rightarrow y=x+0\rightarrow y=x$$

Calculando la recta que pasa por los puntos P3(1,4)y P4(5,0):

$$m=\frac{y2-y1}{x_2-x_1}=\frac{0-4}{5-1}=\frac{4}{4}=-1$$

$$y=m_2(x-x_1)+y1\rightarrow y=-1(x-1)+4\rightarrow y=x+1+4\rightarrow y=x+5$$

rea B:

$$B=\int_{0}^{1}5x-x^2dx-\int_{0}^{1}xdx+\int_{1}^{\frac{5}{2}}-
x+5dx-\int_{1}^{\frac{5}{2}}xdx$$

$$B=\int_{0}^{1}5x-x^2-xdx+\int_{1}^{\frac{5}{2}}-x+5-xdx$$

$$B=\int_{0}^{1}-x^2+4xdx+\int_{1}^{\frac{5}{2}}-2x+5xd$$

$$B=\left [ -\frac{x^3}{3}+2x^2 \right ]^1_0+[-x^2+5]^\frac{5}{2}_1$$

$$B=\left ( -\frac{1^3}{3}+2(1)^2 \right )-\left ( -\frac{0^3}{3}+2(0)^2 \right )+\left ( -
(\frac{5}{2})^2+5(\frac{5}{2}) \right )-(-1^2+5(1))$$

$$B=\frac{5}{3}+0+\frac{25}{4}-4=\frac{47}{12}u^2$$

rea A:

$$A=\int_{1}^{\frac{5}{2}}5x-x^2dx-\int_{1}^{\frac{5}{2}}-x+5dx+\int_{\frac{5}
{2}}^{4}-5x-x^2dx-\int_{\frac{5}{2}}^{4}xdx$$

$$A=\int_{1}^{\frac{5}{2}}5x-x^2+x-5dx+\int_{\frac{5}{2}}^{4}5x-x^2-xdx$$

$$A=\int_{1}^{\frac{5}{2}}-x^2+6x-5dx+\int_{\frac{5}{2}}^{4}4x-x^2dx$$

$$A=\left [ -\frac{x^3}{3}+3x^2-5x \right ]^\frac{5}{2}_1+\left [ 2x^2-\frac{x^3}{3}

\right ]^4_\frac{5}{2}$$

$$A=\left ( -\frac{(\frac{5}{2})^3}{3}+3(\frac{5}{2})^2-5\frac{5}{2} \right )-\left (

-\frac{1^3}{3}+3(1)^2-5(1) \right )+\left ( 2(4)^2-\frac{(4)^3}{3} \right )-\left ( 2(\frac{5}
{2})^2-\frac{(\frac{5}{2})^3}{3} \right )$$

$$A=\frac{25}{24}+\frac{7}{3}+\frac{32}{3}+\frac{175}{24}=\frac{27}{4}u^2$$

rea D:

$$D=\int_{0}^{\frac{5}{2}}xdx+\int_{\frac{5}{2}}^{5}-x+5dx$$

$$D=\left [ \frac{x^2}{2} \right ]^\frac{5}{2}_0+\left [ -\frac{x^2}{2}+5x \right ]

^5_\frac{5}{2}$$

$$D=\left ( \frac{(\frac{5}{2})^2}{2} \right )-(\frac{0^2}{2})+\left ( -\frac{5^2}

{2}+5(5) \right )-\left ( -\frac{(\frac{5}{2})^2}{2}+5(\frac{5}{2}) \right )$$

$$D=\frac{25}{8}-0+\frac{25}{2}-\frac{75}{8}=\frac{25}{4}u^2$$

rea C:

$$C=\int_{\frac{5}{2}}^{4}xdx-\int_{\frac{5}{2}}^{4}-x+5dx+\int_{4}^{5}5x-
x^2dx-\int_{4}^{5}-x+5dx$$
$$C=\int_{\frac{5}{2}}^{4}2x-5dx+\int_{4}^{5}-x^2+6x-5dx$$

$$C=\left [ x^2-5x \right ]^4_\frac{5}{2}+\left [ -\frac{x^3}{3}+3x^2-5x \right ]^5_4$$

$$C=(4^2-5(4))-\left ( (\frac{5}{2})^2-5(\frac{5}{2}) \right )+\left ( -\frac{5^3}

{3}+3(5)^2-5(5) \right )-\left ( -\frac{4^3}{3}+3(4)^2-5(4) \right )$$

$$C=-4+\frac{25}{4}+\frac{25}{3}-\frac{20}{3}=\frac{47}{12}u^2$$

Realizando la sumatoria de todas las reas:

rea total = A+B+C+D

rea total=

$$\frac{27}{4}+\frac{47}{12}+\frac{47}{12}+\frac{25}{4}=\frac{125}{6}u^2$$

Realizando la integracin de la curva, para verificar la respuesta obtenida:

rea total=

$$\int_{0}^{5}5x-x^2dx$$

rea total=

$$\left [ \frac{5}{2}x^2-\frac{1}{3x^3} \right ]^5_0$$

rea total=

$$\left ( \frac{5}{2}(5)^2-\frac{1}{3}(5)^3 \right )-\left ( \frac{5}{2}(0)^2-\frac{1}{3}

(0)^3 \right )=\frac{125}{6}u^2$$