AIR INTERFACE STRUCTURE:

Basic Radio Frame Structure:

In FDD, the DL and UL Radio Frames (RFs) are not on the same carrier.
The (FDD) RF frame is called Type 1 by the 3GPP.
The RF (Radio Frame) length is 10 ms
The radio frame is made up of 10 sub-frames of 1 ms
Each sub-frame is made up of 2 slots of 0.5ms

Calculation of RBs per Carrier in Freq Domain: (Example 1.4 MHz)

Carrier (Total 14000
1.4 MHz
Bandwidth) 00
Sub-Carrier
15 KHz 15000
(Bandwidth)
Exclude Guard & DC Sub-Carriers
Total No. of Sub- = 1.2 MHz /
80
Carriers 15 KHz
No. of Sub-Carrier / RB 12 Sub-Carrier
No. of RB / Carrier 80 / 12 Approx
 (Freq Domain) 6

For FDD, 10 subframes are available for downlink transmission and 10 subframes are
available for uplink transmissions in each 10 ms interval. Uplink and downlink
transmissions are separated in the frequency domain.

A Frame structure Type 2 is also defined and is applicable to TDD

The special subframes consist of three
fields:

DwPTS - Downlink Pilot Time Slot

GP - Guard Period

UpPTS - Uplink Pilot Time Stot.

Advantage of TDD over FDD: Better Bandwidth Utilization One of the advantages of
using LTE TDD is that it is possible to dynamically change the up and downlink balance
and characteristics to meet the load conditions.

No. of Symbols for DwPTS, GP &

UpPTS
In the case of the 5ms switch point periodicity; a special subframe exists in both
half frames.
In the case of the 10 ms periodicity, the special subframe exists in the first half
frame only.
 It can be seen from the table above that the subframes 0 and 5 as well as DwPTS
are always reserved for the downlink.
It can also be seen that UpPTS and the subframe immediately following the
special subframe are always reserved for the uplink transmission.
In LR13.3, Up/Down Link Config 1 & 2 (only) are supported which can be checked
through subframeAssignment

Multiplex multiple users both in time and frequency, together with pilots and control
signals. The time-frequency plane is divided into chunks=minimum resource
allocation unit. The traffic multiplexing is performed by allocating to each user a
certain number of chunks depending on its data rate/geometry.
PHYSICAL RESOURCE BLOCK (PRB): is minimum allocation unit in LTE
PRB = 14 OFDM Symbols (2 Slots) x 12 sub-carriers