250 SECTION 3 Drafting Views and Annotations

LINES OF SIGHT TOP

OBJECT PROJECTORS PERPENDICULAR
TO PLANE OF PROJECTION
5
2 TOP

1
5
6 2

3 FRONT SIDE

4 PICTORIAL MULTIVIEWS
1
6
FIGURE 8.6 A pictorial view and its relationship to multiviews of the
3 same part. Cengage Learning 2012

4
ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEW
The Glass Box Visualization
PLANE OF PROJECTION Method
FORESHORTENED ORTHOGRAPHIC
If the object in Figure 8.6 is placed in a glass box so the sides of
VIEW OF SURFACE 1, 2, 3, 4
the box are parallel to the major surfaces of the object, you can
project those surfaces onto the sides of the glass box and create
1 2 5
multiviews. Imagine the sides of the glass box are the planes of
projection previously discussed (see Figure 8.7). If you look at
all sides of the glass box, then you have six total views: front,
top, right side, left side, bottom, and rear. Now unfold the glass
box as if the corners were hinged about the front (except the
rear view) as demonstrated in Figure 8.8. These hinge lines are
4 3 6 commonly called fold lines or reference lines.

PLANE OF PROJECTION

TRUE SHAPE ORTHOGRAPHIC

VIEW OF SURFACE 2, 3, 5, 6

FIGURE 8.5 Projection of a foreshortened orthographic surface.

Cengage Learning 2012 TOP

MULTIVIEWS
Multiview projection establishes views of an object projected
on two or more planes of projection by using orthographic
projection techniques. The result of multiview projection is a
multiview drawing. A multiview drawing represents the shape
of an object using two or more views. Consideration should be
given to the choice and number of views used, so the surfaces of
the object are shown in their true size and shape when possible.
It is generally easier to visualize a 3-D picture of an object
than to visualize a 2-D drawing. In mechanical drafting, how-
ever, the common practice is to prepare completely dimen- FRONT
sioned detail drawings using 2-D views known as multiviews. SIDE
Figure 8.6 shows an object represented by a 3-D drawing, also
called a pictorial, and three 2-D views, or multiviews, also
known as orthographic projection. The multiview method of
drafting represents the shape description of the object. FIGURE 8.7 The glass box principle. Cengage Learning 2012

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