20273

The Glossaire
World de la
Bank Banque
Glossary mondiale
Volume1 VolumeI
English-French Anglais-fran'ais
French-English Franoais-anglais

0 ~FILE COPY
 The Glossaire
World de la
Bank Banque
Glossary mondiale

Volume 1 Volume 1

English-French Anglais-franqais
French-English Francais-anglais

TheWorldBank
Washington, D.C., U.SA.
Copyright O 1986

International Bank for Reconstruction

and Development/The World Barnk
Banque internationale pour la reconstruction
et le d6veloppement/Banque mondiale

1818H Street,N.W.
Washington,D.C. 20433,USA.

All rights reserved

Tous droits reserv6s

First printing October 1986

Premike edition: octobre 1986
Second printing February 1987
Deuxi&me6dition: f6vrier 1987
Third printing March 1991
Troisiemeedition: mars 1991

Manufacturedin the United States of America

Publie aux Etats-Unisd'Am&rique

Libary of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

The World Bank glossary = Glossaire de la Banque

mondiale.

Vol.2 has parallel title Glosario del Banco

Mundial.
Contents: v. 1. English-French,French-English-
v. 2. Erglish-Spanish, Spanish-English.
1. World Bank-Language-Glossaries, etc.
2. Economic development-Dictionaries-Polyglot
3. Economic assistance-Dictionaries-PolygloS
4. Tecdmicalassistance-Dictionaries-Polyglot
5. English language-Dictionaries-Polyglot
I. International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development. II. Title Glossairede la Banque
mondiale. III. Title: Glosaio del Banco Mundial.
HG38815.W57W67 1986 332'.042'03 86-15872

ISBN0-8213-1733-4(vol.1)
ISBN0-8213-1734-2(vol. 2)
 Table of contents / Tablede matieres
Foreword ................................ iv

Atunt-propos
................................ v

English-FrenchGlossarylGo isare
anglafansais ............................... 1

French-EnglishGobssary/GIossairefranaingais............................... 273
Organizations/Organisations
................................ 425
Acronyms(English)/Sigls(anglais)...................................... 437
Acronyms(French)/Siges(frangais)............... ................. 449
 World Bank Glossary
Foreword
This edition of the World Bank Glossary has been revised and expanded by the Terminology Unit
of the Bank's Language Services Division, in close collaboration with the English and French Trans-
lation Sections.
The Glossary is intended to assist the Bank's translators and interpreters, other Bank staff using
French in theirwork, and free-lancetranslators and interpreters employedby the Bank Forthis reason,
the Glossary contains not only financial and economic terminology and terms relating to the Bank's
procedures and practices, but also terms that frequently occur in Bank documents, and others for
which the Bank has a preferred equivalent Although many of the terms, relating to such fields as
agriculture, education, energy,housing, law, technology and transportation, could be found in other
sources, they have been assembled here for ease of reference.
A list of acronyms occurring frequently in Bank texts (the terms to which they refer being found in
the Glossary) and a list of international, regional and national organizations will be found at the end
of the Glossary.A trilingual version of the Bank's organizational listing is available separately.
Comments and suggestions from users will be most welcome and should be addressed to:

Terminology Unit
Language Services Division
World Bank
1818H Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20433
 Glossairede la Banque mondiale
Avant-propos
Cette Mditiondu Glossairede la Banquemondialea ete revue et augment6epar le Servicede
terminologiede la Divisiondes serviceslinguistiquesde la Banqueen etroitecollaborationavec les
sectionsanglaiseet frangaisede traduction.
LeGlossaireviseavanttout&faciliterlatachedestraducteursetinterpretesemployesparla Banque
etdes autresfonctionnairesqui utilisentle francaisdansleur travaiLJIcontientdonc,a cotede termes
financierset economiqueset d'une nomenclaturedes procedureset pratiquesde la Banque,des mots
ou expressionsqui apparaissentfrequemmentdans les textesde l'institutionou pour lesquelselle
preferetel ou tel equivalent.Beaucoupd'entre eux, qu'on pourrait trouver dans des ouvragessur
l'agriculture, le droit, l'ducation, l'1nergie,l'habitat, la technologie,les transports, etc., ont et
regroupesici pour plus de commodite.
Une liste des siglesqui reviennentle plus souventdans les documentsde la Banqueainsiqu'une
listed'organisationsinternationales,r6gionalesetnationalesfigurentala fin du glossaire.II existepar
ailleursune versiontrilinguede l'orgarnigramme de la Banque.
Toutesles remarques et suggestionsseront les bienvenues.Priere de les envoyer a l'adresse
suivante:

TerminolgyUnit
LanguageServicesDivision
WorldBank
1818H Street,N.W.
Washington,D.C.20433
U.S.A.
: 0 X S :
English-French Glossary
Glossaire anglais-franfais
I
 -3-

-A-

"A" loan pr6t "A"

abilityto pay; capacityto pay moyensfinanciers(des b6n6ficlalres);capacite

contributive[Imp6ts]

abovequota hors contingent

abovethe line (item) courantes;ordinaires(recetteset depenses)

absolutepoor victimesde la pauvreteabsolue

absorptionaccounting;full cost m6thodedu prix de revientcomplet

accounting

absorptivecapacity capacited'absorptlon

abstract condense

academic[noun] universitaire

academicresearch recherchefondamentale

accelerate(to) a loan demanderle remboursementantIcipe

accelerateddepreciation amortissementaccelere

acceleratedrecall [MOV] rappelaccelerb

acceleration(of a loan) exigibiliteanticipbe

accelerationof maturity exigibiliteanticip6e;demandede remboursementanticipe

acceptancesee bankacceptance

acceptance,acceptinghouse [UK] maisond'acceptation

acceptancerate (by beneficiariesof a taux d'acceptatlon;taux d'adoption

project)

access,entrance,leading,channel, chenald'acc6s
fairway

accesslon adh6slon;entree[g6n6tiqueagricole3

accommodatingpollcy poiltiqued'accompagnement
 -4 -

accommodationtype mode d'hebergement

accountability responsabilite;responsabilisation;
justificationde l'emploides fonds
[budget]

accounting

accountingsee alsoaccrual (basis)accounting;businessaccounting;cost accounting;currentcost (value)

accounting;double entry accounting;full cost accounting;generalprice level accounting;inflation
accounting;job orderaccounting;managementaccounting;managerialaccounting;single-entryaccounting;
socialaccountingmatrix;standardcost accounting;stock accounting;time-adjusted

accountingentries;entries ecritures(comptables)

accountingperiod periodecomptable

accountingpractices pratiquecomptable;usagescomptables

accountingprice prix comptable

accountingprocedure methodecomptable;reglescomptables

accountingrate of interest- ARI taux d'int&r4tcomptable- TIC

accountingrate of return taux de rentabilitecomptable

accountingratio ratio prix comptable-prixdu march6

accountingunit unitecomptable

accountspayable comptesfournisseurs;comptes
d6biteurs;sommesdues

accountsreceivable comptesclients;comptescr6diteurs;
effetsa recevoir

accrualsee also nonaccrualstatus;overaccruals

accrual (basis)accounting comptabilited'exercice;parfois:

comptabilitepatrimoniale;
comptabilitesur la basedes faits
generateurs[comptes nationaux-
ONUJ

accruals chargesa payer; entrees(de fonds);

apports (defonds); accumulation;
accroissements
 -5-

accrued

accrueddepreciation;accumulated amortissementcumule
depreciation

accrued income recettesechues

accruedinterest interetscourus;int6rets6chus

accruedliabilities effetsa payer

accruedloan commissions commissionscouruessur prets

accumulateddepreciation;accrued amortissementcumule
depreciation

accumulatedprofit [accounting] reporta nouveaubeneficWire

achievementsee also educationalachievements

achievementtests [education] testsde connaissances,pedagogiques

acid-testratio; liquid ratio; ratio de tr6soreriereduite

quick ratio

ACP countries[Lom6Convention] pays ACP (Afrique,Caraibes,

Paciflque)

acquiredImmunedeficiencysyndrome; syndromeimmunod6flcitaireacquis;
acquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome syndromede l'lmmunodeficlence
(AIDS) acquise(SIDA,Sida)

activatedsludge bouesactiv6es

actual(s)[noun] effectff[produitsde base];chiffres

effectifs,constates,r6els;
r6alisations;r6sultats[comptabilite]

adaptiveresearch recherched'adaptation,adaptative

additionalfacility [ICSID] m6canismesuppl6mentaire

additionality additionnalit6;caractere
complementaire;accroissementnet

ad hoc ad hoc; ponctuel

Ad Hoc Committeeon the Valuationof Comit6specialchargede d6terminer

BankCapital la valeurdu capitalde la Banque
 6-

adjectivelaw; procedurallaw lol de proc6dure;rAglesde proc6dure

adjustment Indexatlon(sur); adaptation(A)

adjustmentaid aide A la restructuratlon,

A I'ajustement

admeasurementcontract marchbsur devisestimatif;

marcheau mAtrA

administeredprice prix administrb;prix impose

par le vendeur

AdministrativeCouncil[ICSID] Conseiladministratif

administrativemachinery rouagesadmlnistratifs;appareil
administratif

AdministrativeManualStatement directivedu Manueladministratif

ad valorem(customs)duty droit (dedouane)ad valorem

advance

advanceaccount compted'avances

advancedeposit d6p6t pr6alable(A l'importation);

acompte

advancedeposit requirements obligationde constituerun dep6t

(on Imports) prealable(A I'importation)

advancerepayment remboursement
anticipe

advanced

advancedexport payments palementsanticip6sau titre des

exportations

advancedfarmer agriculteurnovateur

advancedstudies hautesetudes;cours de perfectionnement

advancedtraining formationsp6cialis6e

advocate[ICSID] avocat

aeromagneticsurvey lev6 a6romagn6tique

 -7-

affiliate Instftutionaffilhle;fillale

affiliatebank banqueassocl6e

affordability accessiblit6;solvablt6 des

b6n6ficlaires;capacitMfinanciere

affordabilityratio; housing taux d'effort

expenses/incomeratio

afforestatlon bolsement[U.S.]; afforestation

[quand il s'agitd'une premiere
plantation][U.K.]

AfricaProject DevelopmentFacility Servicede promotionet de d6veloppement

- APDF en Afrique- APDF
des Investissements

Africa'sPriority Programmefor Programmeprioritairede redressement

EconomicRecovery,1986-1990- APPER economiquede l'Afrique,1986-1990

African

Africancanesee millet

AfricanCaucus(of the WorldBank) Groupeafricain

Africa
AfricanFacilitysee SpecialFacilityfor Sub-Saharan

AfricanEnterpriseFund [IFC] Fondsdes entreprisesafricaines

AfricanManagementServices Societede servicesde gestionpour

Company- AMSC l'Afrique- AMSC

Africanmillet see millet

AfricanStrategyReviewGroup Grouped'etudesur une strateglepour

l'Afrique

agency line [IFC] d6l6gationde credits

agencysecurities,obligations[U.S.] obligationsemisespar des organismes

f6d6raux

agent see also billingagent; buyingagent; extensionagent;field agent;fiscalagent; procurementagent

agent [banksyndicate] mandataire

agent [ICSID] agent

 -8-

agent bank correspondant;mandataire;agent

aggregate agr6gat

aggregatedemand demandeglobale

aggregatemodel modeleglobal

aggregatessee monetaryaggregates

aggregativeplanning planificationglobale

aging schedule[accountsreceivable] classementdes impayespar anciennet6

agreementto reimbursesee irrevocableagreementto reimburse;qualifiedagreementto reimburse

agribusiness;agroindustries; agroindustries
agro-basedIndustry

agricultural

agriculturalcredit intermediary caissede cr6ditagricole

agriculturalextension vulgarisationagricole

agriculturalextensionofficer conseilleragricole - CA
- AEO

agriculturalprice deflator- APD deflateurdes prix agricoles

agriculturalproductionand export caissede financementde la production

(apex)bank et des exportationsagricoles

productionand export
_ggricultural cooperativeagricolede production
(apex)cooperative et d'exportation

agriculturalsector adjustmentloan pret a l'ajustementdu secteuragricole

- ASAL [WoridBank] - PASA

agriculturist ingenieuragricole

agro-basedindustry;agribusiness; agroindustries
agroindustrles

agro-economist agro6conomiste

agroforestry agroforesterie
 -9-

agroindustries;agribusiness; agroindustrles
agro-basedIndustry

agroprocessing agroindustrie

agroprocessingindustries secteuragroalimentaire

agrosupportindustry industried'appui A I'agriculture

air dried ton tonne a l'6tat sec a l'air

airmag survey;aeromagneticsurvey leve aeromagn6tique

alignmentsee horizontalalignment;verticalalignment

alley cropping; strip cropping cultureen bandes,an all6es,en couloirs

allocatedcosts coots imputes

allocation

allocationof loan proceeds affectationdes fondsdu pret

allocationof net income affectationdu revenunet

allocation,appropriationof affectationdes benefices

profits

allocationof resources affectationdes ressources;

repartitiondes ressources

allocativeefficiency efficacitede la repartition(des

ressources)

allotment(budget] affectationdes credits

allowancefor contingencies;reserve provisionpour imprevus

for contingencies;contingency
allowance

allowancefor depreciation;reserve provisionpour amortissement

for depreciation

alternate[Executive Director, suppleant

Governor]

alternative(projects] variante;solutionde rechange;option

alternativebid [procurement) variante

 - 10-

alternative
energy bnergle(s)de substitution;
parfols: nergiesnouvelles

amendment,
amendingagreement avenant

amendmentsto theArticles modifications

apport6esauxStatuts
of Agreement
amortization
(of loan) remboursement;
amortissement
amortization
schedule calendrier
d'amortissement

analystsee securities
analyst

anchorstation;anchorage
point; postede mouillage
anchorage berth;anchorage
animalhusbandry 6levage;methodes,
techniques
d'elevage;
modesd'elevage;
zootechnie
animalunit - AU unitegros bWtail
- UGB

annotated
agenda ordredu jour annote
annualization calculsur unebaseannuelle;
annualisation
AnnualMeeting[ICSID] sessionannuelle
AnnualMeetings(ofthe Boardsof Assemblee
annuelle(desConseilsdes
Governors)of theWorldBankand Gouverneurs)
de la Banquemondialeet
theInternational
MonetaryFund du Fondsmonetaireinternational
annuity[debtservice] paiement
periodique;
parfois: annuite
annuitybond titrede rente
annuity-type
repayment
terms amortissement
par annuites
anthracite;
hardcoal charbonmaigre
antidumping
duty droitantidumping
apexbank,cooperative
see agricultural
production
andexportbank,cooperative

apexinstitution institution
fa1tibre
apexloan prdtpyramidal,
en cascade
application

application;
applications
program programme utilisateur;
programme
[dataprocessing] d'application
application
seealsofertilizerapplication

application
fee[MIGA] commission
d'introduction
d'unedemande

application
for membership demande
d'admissbon

application
for withdrawal demande de retrait(ducompte
(fromloanaccountor credit de prdtou de credit)
account)

applicationof funds emplolde(s)fonds;emplois[plande

financementi
applications
programsee application

appliedresearch recherche
appliqu6e

appraisal(technical
andeconomic) evaluation
(technique
et economique)
appraisalmission missiond'6valuation
(Invalue)
appreciation appreciation;
valorisation;
plus-value;
augmentationde la valeur

appropriate - AT
technology technologie
appropri6e

appropriation
(budget)see budgetappropriation

appropriation
law[US] loi de finances
appropriation
of profits;allocation affectation
des b6n6fices
of profits
aquaprivy fossea niveauconstant
aquifer nappeaquifere;nappephreatique
ArabiancrudeseelightArabiancrude

arbitrageseetax arbitrage

ArbitralTribunal[ICSIDJ tribunalarbitral
arbitrationclause clausecompromissoire
 - 12-

ArbitrationRules[ICSID] Reglementd'arbitrage

arbitrator [ICSID] arbitre

architecturalplan pland'architecture

area zone;reglon; quartber;domaine;

discipline;sujet

areadevelopment developpementsous-r6glonal

arm's length

arm's length contract contrat oharmes egales

arm's length negotiation negociationdansdes conditionsde

pleineconcurrence,d'6gal a 6gal

arm's length price prix (normal)du marche;prix de

pleineconcurrence

arm's length principle principede l'entrepriseindependante

arrearage;arrears arri6r6s

arrearssee protractedarrears

Articlesof Agreement[IBRD,IDA, IFC, Statuts

IMF]

articlesof incorporation acte constitutif

ash farming;burn-beating;burning bcobuage;brOlis

assessedincome revenuimposable

assessmentof tax see tax assessment

asset and liabilitymanagement gestionde la tr6sorerie

[see also liability management]

assets actif; avoirs

[see also capitalassets;contingentasset;currentassets;domesticassetformation;domesticassets;earning
assets;fixed assets;foreign assets;intangibleassets;liquid assets;nonperformingassets;performingassets;
physicalassets;real assets;returnon assets;risk assetratio; saleableassets;self-liquidatingassets;sight
assets;sundryassets;tangible assets;temporaryassets;wastingassets]

asset stripping depouillementdes actifs;demembrementdes

actifs;parfois: 6lagaged'actif
 -13-

assignee mandataire
cesslonnalre;

assignment affectation cession;

(personnel];
transfert[titres]

agreement
assignment accordde cessionde creance

assignor cbdant

cost
associated coOtannexe

crops,cropping
associated culturesassociles

gas
associated gazassoci6

law]
attachment[commercial saisie;retenuea la source

AttitudeSurvey Enquetesurl'attitudedu personnel

attrition;naturalwastage des
attriton;diminutionnaturelle
effectifs

attritionrate tauxd'attrition;tauxd'usure[stocks]

audit
audit[accounting] des comptes;audit
verification

audit
audit;management contr6lede gesti3n
(managementl
audit[projects] r6trospective
6valuation

auditsee alsoenergyaudit;externalaudit;financialaudit;Internalaudit;JointAuditCommittee;
pass-throughaudit;projectaudit;projectperformance auditreport;taxaudit

auditmisslon retrospective
missiond'evaluation
auditreport
auditreportsee projectperformance
of accounts
auditedstatement etatfinancierv6rffie(descomptes)

auditor commissaire des

auxcomptes;verificateur
comptes;reviseurdescomptes;auditeur
auditor]
auditor;internalauditor;management
(seealsoexternalauditor;independent
of signature
specimen
authenticated legalis6
sp6cimen
 - 14 -

authority[IDA];commitment
authority (desressources)
pouvoird'engagement

authority (p.ex.portuaire);r6gie
administration
(p.ex.deseaux)

authority[legal] texteportantautorisation

authorized
bank banqueagrMe

positlons[personnel]
authorized effectHf
budgetaire

authorized
sharecapital capial socialautoris6
automaticresettingmechanism
[IFC] m6canismeautomatique
de revision
(destauxd'int6ret)
availability
[transportation] disponibilHte;
parfois: parcdisponible

availability
fee [IFC] de disponibilite
commission
cost- AIC
averageIncremental coOtmarginalmoyen
avoidance
see taxavoidance
avoidedcost economies

award[contractsl adjudication;
attribution

award[ICSID] arbitrale
sentence
awardingcommittee(contracts] commission
d'adjudication
axleloadlimit limHte
de chargea i'essieu
 - 15 -

- B-

"B" loan pret "B"

background[education) formation;exp6rience;qualifications;bagage

backgroundpaper documentd'information,de r6ference,

de base;parfois: rapportd'orientation

backhaultraffic trafic de retour

backstopping appuitechnique

back-to-officereport- BTO compte rendude mission

backup (underwriting)facility mecanismede garantied'achat

backupfacility fee commissionde garantied'achat

back value; netbackvalue [energy] valeurnette

backward-forwardintegration, integration,liaisonverticale;relations
linkage verticales
interindustrielles

backwardintegration,linkage int6gration,liaisonen amont

bad debt creancedouteuse[bilan]; cr6ance

Irr6couvrable[compte de pertes et profitsl

bagging ensachage;mise en sac

bail out renflouer

bajra see millet

balance

balance(an account) solder (un compte)

balancecarriedforward reportA nouveau

balanceof paymentssee currentbalanceof payments

balanceof paymentsposition positionde la balancedes paiements

balanceof paymentssustainability equilibrea long terme de la balancedes

paiements
 - 16 -

balance-of-system
costs coOtd'installationet fournitures

balanceof trade; merchandise balancecommerciale

balance;trade balance

balancesheetsee consolidatedbalancesheet

balances[cash] encaisses;liquidites

balancesheld on a coveredbasis soldesdhtenusau titre des

operationsa terme

balancingequipment mat6rielde complement

balancingitem,entry erreurset omissions;elementde

contrepartie;ecrfturede cloture

balancingsubsidy subventiond'6quilibre

balloon loan pret ballon

balloon payment palementen bloc

ballparkfigure chiffreapproximatif;fourchette

bank

bankacceptance,bill; banker's acceptationbancaire

acceptance

bankexaminer inspecteur(de la Banquede France)

bankexposure montantdes pretsdes banques;

concentrationdes risques

TBankfirst' principle principeselonlequelles ressources

de la Banquesont utiliseesen premier

BankGroupsee World BankGroup

"Banklast"principle principedu demier recours(ressourcesde

la Banqueutills6esen demier); principe
selonlequel les ressourcesde la Banque
sont utilis6esen dernier

bank money monnalescripturale

bank of issue;issuingbank banqued'emission

 - 17-

Bank performancesee performance

bank rate [UK] taux officield'escompte

bankableassurances garantiesacceptablespour les banques;

garantiesbancables

bankableproject projet pouvantetre financepar la Banque,

susceptiblede bWn6ficier d'un concours
financier

banker'sacceptancesee bankacceptance

BankingAdvisoryPanel[IFC] Groupeconsultatifdes banques

bar chart diagrammeen batons,en barres;histogramme

barefootdoctor m6decinaux pieds nus

barrelsof oil equivalent- boe barils 6quivalent

petrole - bep

barrels per day of oil equivalent- bdoe barils par jour bquivalentpbtrole - bjep

barrierssee tarfffbarriers

barterterms of trade termesde I'echange(de marchandises)

basaldressing;bottom dressing fumurebasale

base

base;road base[highways] couchede base

base,baselinecosts coOtsde base

basecourse [highways] couchede liaison

base (lending)program[IBRD] programme(de pret) de base

baseload [electlcfty] chargede base,minimale

baseload station [electricity] centralede base

baseyear anneede r6ference,de base

baselinecostssee basecosts

baselinedata donn6esde base

 - 18 -

baselinesurvey enqueteinit7ale,
de reference,
temoin

basic

basiceducation enseignement
fondamental

basichealthcare soinsde santede base

basicresearch recherche
fondamentale
basicskills de base;competence
qualifications
de base;bagageminimal

basicsubjects;coresubjects mati7res
principales

basinseedrainagebasin

basinirrigation irrigationpar bassins(desubmersion),

par submersion artificielle
basispoint centiemede pourcent;pointde base

basketunitof account unitede comptefondeesurun panier

de monnales
bearerbond obligationau porteur

bearmarket march6baissier
test,analysis
"before-and-afteru test"avant-apres'

beggar-my-neighbor
policy politiqued'egoTsme
sacre

behestproject projethorsnormes
(of economictrends)
bellwether indicateur;
signeprecurseur

belowtheline(Rtem) extraordinaires
[recetteset depenses];
horsbilan[banquesj
benchmark
crude;markercrude brutde reference
benchmark
price;markerprice prix indicatif,de reference

beneficial
interest droitde jouissance;
interetben6ficiaire

beneficiation
[minerals] enrichissement
(d'unmineral)
 - 19-

benefit

benefit-costratio; cost-benefit ratio coOts-avantages

ratio

benefitpackage enveloppedes prestations

benefitstream s6riedes avantages;flux des avantages

benefittax [IBRD] taxe pergueen contrepartied'avantages

benefits prestations

berth poste& quai; posted'accostage;poste

d'amarrage
[see also multipurposeberthj

berth throughput dbbit d'un poste d'amarrage,a quai

berthingcapacity capacited'amarrage

"besteffort"project [IBRD] projet d'effort maximum

"best efforts"sale vente sansgarantied'emission

bettermentlevy,tax impot sur les plus-values

beveragecrop produhdestinea la preparationde

boissons(p.ex.the, cafe, cacao)

bias [economy;statistics] distorsion;tendancea favoriser,a

defavorlser;biais [stat.]; erreur
systematique

bid

bid see also alternativebid; examinationof bids; invitationto bid; lowestbid; lowestevaluatedbid; model
bid documents;openingof bids; takeoverbid

bid bond garantlede soumission;cautionde

soumission

bid documentssee model bid documents

bid form modeled'offres

bid opening ouverturedes plis

bid package lot; tranche(de travaux)

 - 20 -

bid price [contract] prix de l'offre

bid security cautionnementprovisoire

bid submission soumission

bidder (highest/lowest) soumissionnaire(le plus offrant)

(le moinsdisant)
[see also highestbidder; lowest bidder; postqualificationof bidders;prequalificationof bidders;qualifiedbidder;
second lowestbidder; successfulbidder; unsuccessfulbidder]

biddingsee also competitivebidding; competitivebidding in accordancewith local procedures;component

bidding; internationalcompetitivebidding; limitedinternationalbidding

bidding conditions basesde soumission

bidding documents dossierd'appeld'offres

big ticket items;whitegoods produitsblancs;appareilselectromenagers

billingagent agent de recouvrement

bill of exchange lettre de change

bill of lading connaissement

[see also through bill of lading]

bill of quantities devisquantitatif;devis metre;

metred'evaluation;devisestimatif
[see also priced bill of quantities]

biochemicaloxygendemand- BOD demandebiochimiqueen oxygene- DBO

biochemicaloxygen demandover five demandebiochimiqueen oxygenesur 5

days - BOD5 jours - DBO5

biodiversity diversitebiologique

blogas plant centralede productionde biogaz

biomassenergy energie& basede biomasse

biomass(power)plant,station centralealiment6eA la biomasse

birth

birth control regulationdes naissances

birth Interval intervallegenesique

 - 21 -

birth order rangde naissance

birthrate tauxde natalite

birth spacing espacementdes nalssances

bisqueclause clausede derogatbon

temporaire

blackeconomy;undergroundeconomy; economieclandestine,parallele,
submergedeconomy;paralleleconomy souterraine

blend country pays pouvantbeneficierd'un

financementmixte, recevantdes prets
de la BIRDet des creiits de l'IDA

blendfinancing financementmixte (BIRD/IDA)

blending(of flows) panachage;financementmixte;dosage

blindtrust ne connalt
trustdontle beneflcialre
pas la composition;trust aveugle

block release congeformation

blocktrading negociationde largespaquetsd'actions

blocktrain train bloc

blue chip; bluechip security valourde perede famille;placementde

pere de famille;valeurde premierordre

blueprintplanning planHfication
d6taillbe

Board

Board of Directors[IFC] Conseild'administratlon[SFI]

Board of Directors[MIGA] Conseild'administration

Board of (Executive)Directors; Conseildes Admlnistrateurs

ExecutiveBoard JIBRD,IDA]

Boardof Governors Conseildes Gouverneurs

Boardseminar seminaire(du Conseil)

Boardsof the Bankand the Fund Consellsd'administrationde la

Banqueet du Fonds
 - 22 -

body corporate;corporatebody, personnemorale;socibte

institution

bond see annuitybond; bearerbond; bid bond; convertiblebond; corporatebond; coupon bond; deep discount
bond; developmentbond; discountbond; exit bond; floating rate bond; governmentbond; indexedbond; non
callable;originalissuediscount bond; outstandingbonds;performancebond; perpetualbond; publicly issued;
registeredbond; serialbond; straightbond; Treasurybond; warrantbond; zero coupon bond

bondedcontractor entreprisecautionn6e

bondedgoods marchandises(entrepos6es)en douane

bondedwarehouse entrep6tde douane,douanier

bondholder porteurde titres,d'obligations;

obligataire

bonding entreposage(douanier);cautionnement

bonus

bonussee cash bonus

bonusclause[contracts] clauseprevoyantdes primes

bonusissue distribution,attribution
d'actionsgratultes

bonusshare action gratuite

bookkeeper aide-comptable;employede comptabilite

book value valeurcomptable

boosterpump pompe relais

booster(pumping)station stationde surpression

border

bordercheck, borderditch irrigationpar planches,a la planche,

irrigation;strip irrijation par calants,au calant

bordercurrency (unit) monnaiecomptablea la frontiere

borderindustry industriefrontaliere

border irrigation;strip Irrigation irrigationpar planches,a la planche,

par calants,au calant
 .23 -

border point pricesee cost, insuranceand freight port of entry/borderpoint price

border price prix frontiere;prix francofrontibre

border strip irrigation;strip irrigationpar pianches,A la planche,

irrigation par calants,au calant

bordertaxes taxesaux frontleres;Imp6tsaux frontibres

bore core; core; core sample carotte de sondage

[minlng;oil]

borrowing

borrowingcapacity capacited'emprunt,d'endettement

borrowingcost coOtdes emprunts

borrowingfrom the public; public 6mission,offre publique;placementpublic

borrowing,offering

borrowingpool [IBRD] pool d'emprunts

borrowingrate;depositor rate taux crediteur

of interest

borrowingrequirements besoinsde financement

bottleneckanalysis analysedes gouletsd'6tranglement

bottom

bottom dressing;basaldressing fumurebasale

bottom fish; bottom-dwellingfish; especesde fond, d6mersales

demersalfish

bottom fishing pecheA la lignede fond

bottom line r6sultatfinal;total; bilan; dernibre

offre; penseza: en fin de compte;
de toute facon

bottom out (of a recession) passerle creuxde la vague

bottom up (approach)[projectsl de la baseau sommet;A partir

de la base

bottomiandsrice riz de bas-fond

 -24-

bracketcreep,progression
[taxation] progression
partranches

bracketing[contrmetsl clausesrestrictives

brand name marque;parfois: nom commercial

brandnamedrug specialitb
pharmaceutique

brandnameproduct produitde marque

breachof contract contravention

au contrat

breachof contractrisk[MIGA] risquede rupturede contrat

breadgrains cbrbalespanifiables

breadwinner soutiende famille

breakbulk marchandises diverses;semi-vrac

gbnbrales,

break,escape,jeopardyclause clausede sauvegarde

breakdown ventilation;
rbpartition;dbcomposition

break-even
analysis analysede pointmort,par le pointmort

break-even
point seuilde rentabilitb;
point
d'equilibre;niveaud'indiffbrence

breeder[agricLiturel selectionneur
eleveur;geneticien;

breederseed de reproduction,
semence de souche

breedingweeplantbreeding
breedingmaterala mat6rielde s6lection

breedingstation[commercial
breeding] stationzootechnique,
genetique
breedingstock g6niteurs;
animauxreproducteurs
bridgingarrangement,
credit de soudure;creditde soudure
arrangement

bridgingfacility cr6ditrelais
brief,project fichede projet;notede presentation
du projet

BritishThermalUnit - BTU Britishthermalunit - BTU

 - 25 -

broad money monnaleau senslarge; massemonetalre

au sens large

broken cross rates taux crois6sdivergents

broker courtier[change];agent de change;

agent boursier[bourse]

brokerage courtage

broom corn millet;broom millet see millet

browncoal houillebrune;lignite

browngoods produitsbruns

brownout restrictionsa la consommationde

1'electricite

Bruno ratio coefficientde Bruno

[see also modffiedBruno ratio]

bubble-upeffect effet de remont6e

bucket latrine tinette

budget

budget see also budgeting;capitalbudget;cash budget;current budget;exchangebudget;investment

budget;MidyearReview;operatingbudget;partialbudget;performancebudget;programbudget;special
budget;unifiedbudget; unitactivity (crop)budget;wholefarm budget

budget amendment[U.S.] collectif(budgetaire)

budget appropriation credit budgetaire;affectationde

creidts; ouvertured'un credit

budget authority ouverturede cr6dits

budget cuts compressionsbudgetaires

budgetdeficit; budgetarygap deficit budgetaire

budget estimates previsionsbudgetaires;budget

previsionnel

budget process cycle budgetaire

 - 26-

budget stringency austeritebudg6taire

budget surplus excedentbudgetalre

budgetaryaid aidebudg6taire;parfois: subvention

d'6quilibre

budgetarygap; budgetdeficit d6ficit budg6taire

budgeting etablissementdu budget;budg6tisation

[see also full budgeting;planning,programming,budgetingsystem;zero basebudgeting]

buffer

bufferfund fonds de stabilisation;fonds

regulateur

bufferprice prix butoir

bufferstocks fonds r6gulateur;stocks r6gulateurs

bufferstock scheme mecanismede regulationpar les stocks

buildup accumulation;montee;etablissement;
61aboration; accrolssement;remonteede
pression;intensification;effet cumulatif;
augmentation;constitution[personnel];
monteeen production [industrie];
prollfration [biologie]

built-inevaluation[projects] evaluation(r6trospective)syst6matique

built-in stabilizers stabilisateursautomatiques

bulk metering comptageg6neral

bulk oil products produitspetroliersen vrac

bulk procurement achatsen grandesquantites

bullet issue empruntremboursableen une seule

fois, in fine

bull market marchehaussier

bump integrator[highways] appareilde mesuredes irregularit6s

de la chaussee;profilometre
multiroues[systemefrangais];bump
integratorjsystemeanglais/amrricain]
 -27 -

bunching engorgement;p6rdodede pointe;affiux

[see also debt bunching]

bunchingof maturities concentrationdes 6ch6ances

bund levee;diguette
[seealsocontourbund]

bunker [coal] tr6mIeAcharbon

bunker;bunker oil soutes

bunkering soutage

buoyancy[economics] 6lasticit6;fermet6;dynamisme;blastlclt6
globale [imp6tsl
[see also tax buoyancy]

buoyantdemand demandesoutenue

buoyantmarket march6ferme,soutenu,actif

burdensharing participationaux charges[dans

le cas de beneficiaires];
repartitiondes charges;partage
(proportionnelle)des charges
[lorsqu'ils'agit de donateurs]

burn beating;ash farming ecobuage;brOlis

buming [agriculture];ash farming 6cobuage;brOils

bushfallow jachbrede brousse

business

businessaccounting comptabilited'entreprise

BusinessAdvisoryCouncil[IFC] Groupeconsultatifd'entreprises

businesscommunity milieuxd'affaires

businesscycle conJoncture;cycle economique

businesscycle policy politiqueconjoncturelle

businessenterprise entreprisecommercialeou industrielle

 - 28 -

businessexpenses frais d'exploitation;frais de

representation

businessplan pland'entreprise;plan (d'action)de

l'entreprise;pland'exploitation;
plan financieret commercial

business(profit)tax; corporate imp6t sur les soci6t6s [France];

income tax [US]; corporation impot sur les benefices(industriels,
tax [UK] commerciaux)des soci6t6s

buybackagreement;take-outagreement accord de rachat

buyer crednt;buyers' credit cr6dit acheteur

buyer's market marched'acheteurs

buying agent [commodities] courtier;commissionnaire

d'achat

buying rate of exchange cours d'achat

by contract a 1'entreprise

bylaws statut;arrete

Bylaws[IBRD,IDA, IFC] Reglement

 -29-,

calendarquarter trimestrede l'anneecivile

call

call for capital;call of capital appelde fonds

call in a loan demanderle remboursementd'un pret

call loan pretau jour le jour

call money;day to day money; argentau jour le jour; credit a vue,

demandmoney;moneyat call a tres court terme;avancesa vue

call of capital appelde fonds

call option option d'achat,de rachat

call order contract contrat cadre

callable(capital,subscription) appelable[capital];exigible[souscription]

calledup (share)capital;paid in capitalvers, liWbre

(share)capital

calorie Intake apport en calories;ration calorique

calving rate taux de velage

cancellation(of a debt) remise(de defte)

cancellation(of a loan) annulation(d'un pret)

cancelleddebt detteannul6e

cap see interestrate cap

capability[urbandevelopment] parfois: infrastructured'accueil;

capacited'accueil

capacitysee ratedcapacity

capacityto pay; ability to pay moyensfinanciers(des ben6ficiaires)

 -30-

capital

capitalseealsocommercial capital;domesticcapitalformation;equilibratingcapitalflow;equitycapital;
floatingcapital;foreigncapital;frozencapital;GeneralCapitalIncrease;grossfixedcapitalformation;
Incremental capital-output
ratio;Investment capital;loancapital;marginalefficiencyof capital;noncash
workingcapital;officialcapital;overheadcapital;paid-in(share)capital;paid-upcapital;public(capital)
expenditure; quasi-equity;
recycling(ofcapital);returnof capital;returnon capital(employed); returnto
capital;riskcapital;seedcapital;SelectiveCapitalIncrease; sharecapital;socialoverheadcapital;uncalled
capital;unimpalred capital;venturecapital;volatilecapital;workingcapital;WorldBankCapitalMarkets
System

capitalaccount comptede capital;comptedesop6rations

en
capital
capitaladequacy adequatlon
du capitalauxbesoins
capitalassets[accounting); immobilisatlons;
Immobilisations
corporelles
fixedassets;permanentassets
capitalassets[economics]; capitalfixe
fixedcapital
capitalbase assisefinanclere;
parfois: fonds
propres;situationnette;actifnet
capitalbudget budgetd'equipement,
d'investissement
capitalconsumption
allowance provisionpourconsommation
du capital
capitalcost coOtd'investissement;
investissement
initial
capitaldeepening approfondissement
du capital
capitaldeepening
investment investissement
de productivitb
capital-deficit
oil exporter exportateur
de petrolea deficitde
capitaux
capitalefficiency rentabilite
descapitaux
capitalendowment dotationen capital
capitalequipment;
capitalgoods biensd'equipement;biensde capital;
bienscapitaux;capitaltechnique
capitalexpenditure;
capital depensesd'investissement,
outlay d'6qulpement
 - 31 -

capitalflow;capitalmovement de capitaux
flux,mouvement

capitalformation formationde capital

capitalgain plus-value

capitalgainstax imp6tsurlesplus-values

capitalgearlngratio;gearing rapportencoursdes prets/fondspropres;

ratio coefficient desfonds
d'utilisation
propres

capitalgoods;capitalequipment blensde capital;

biensd'6qulpement;
blenscapitaux;capitaltechnique
capitalimpairment reductiondu capital

capitalInadequacy manquede capitaux

capitalinflow entreede capitaux;apportde capitaux

capitalinfrastructure Infrastructure
capitalIntensity du capital
Intensite(relative)

capital-intensive (aforteIntensite)
de capital;
capitalistique

capitalinvestment investissement

ratio
capital-labor d'intensitbcapitalistique
coefficient

capitalloss perteencapital;moins-value

capitalmarket parfois: marche

marchefinancier;
descapitaux

CapitalMarketsSystem surles marches

Systemed'information
[WorldBank]- CMS financiers(Banquemondiale)

capitalflow
capitalmovement; de capitaux
flux,mouvement

capitaloutlay;capital depensesd'investissement,
expenditure d'equipement

capital-output
ratio de capital
coefficient

capitalposition situationdu capital

 -32 -

capitalratios ratios de fonds propres

capitalrecoveryfactor - CRF coefficientde recuperationdu capital

capital-serviceratio ratio capital/service

capitalstock capitalsocial; [pour un pays] capital

national;patrimoinenational

capitalstructure structurefinanciere

capitalsupply offrede capitaux

capital-surpluscountry pays a excedentde capitaux

capitaltransfer transfertde capitaux,en capital

capitalwidening elargissementdu capital

capitalworks ouvrages;infrastructures;equipement

capitalization capitauxpermanents;capitalisation
boursiere(d'une entreprise)

capitalize capitaliser

capitalizedexpenses frais immobilises

capitation[healthfinancing] remun6rationforfaitairepar
personne;capitation

capitation;poll tax; head tax imp6tde capitation;parfois: imp6t

personnel;imp6t minimal
forfaitaire[France]

careerdevelopment amenagementdes carrieres;

organisationdes carrieres

CaribbeanBasinInitiative[US] Initiativepour le Bassindes CaraTbes

carrying

carryingcapacity [pastures] capacitede charge (des paturages)

carryingcapacity [transportation] chargeutile

carryingcost, chargeof capital coOtd'inactivitedes capitaux

carryingcosts,charges (goods] coOtsde possession;frais de stockage

 - 33 -

carryover
loan creidtponctuel
carryovers reportde credits; reconductionde credits

cascadetax imp6ten cascade

cascading
seeenergycascading

casedwell puitstube

casestudy etudede cas;monographie

cash

cashadvance creditsde tresorerie;

avancesde caisse

cash againstdocuments- CAD palementcontre documents- CAD

cashbalance;cashholdings; soldede tresorerie;

encaisse;
avoirs
cashin hand;cashon hand en caisse

cash(basis)accounting comptabilite
de caisse;comptabiliee
de gestion
cashbasis,on a surunebaseencaissements-decaissements;
surla basedes paiements
cashbonus prime;pas-de-porte;
bonus(aucomptant)
cashbudget budgetde gestion[financespubliquesl;
previsions
de tresorerie;
budgetde
tr6sorerie
cashcrop culturede rapport;culture
commerciale;culturemarchande
cashdeficit deficitde tresorerie;
d6couvertde
tr6sorerie
casheconorny economiemonetaire
cashequity capitauxinvestis;
apporten especes;
misede fonds
cashexpenditures d6caissements;
sortiesde caisse;
depensesen especes
cashflow cash-flow;
margebruted'autofinancement
- MBA;flux de tresorerie
 - 34-

cashforecast plan de tresorerie

cash generation;Internalcash capacited'autofinancement;creationde

generaton liquidites;6pargnebrute (d'un secteur)

cash grant don en esp6ces

cash holdings;cash balance solde de tresorerie;encaisse;avoirs

en caisse

cash Income revenumon6talre

cash inflows entr6esde fonds; rentr6es

cash In hand; cash balance solde de tresorerie;encaisse;avoirs

en caisse

cash input [accounting) apport en num6raire

cash input lagriculturalprojects] intrant payant,achete

cash management gestionde tr6sorerle

cash market;spot market [foreign march6au comptant

exchange]

cash on hand; cash balance solde de tr6sorerie;encaisse;avoirs

en caisse

cash payment palementcomptant

cash position positionde tr6sorerie

cash projections projectionsde tresorerie

cash rate of return taux de tresorerie

casuallabor maind'oeuvreintermittente,occasionnelle;
jourmaliers

catalyticrole r6le de catalyseur;action catalytique

catch [fisheries] prise; capture;tonnage;recolte;quantite

pech6e

catch basinsee catchmentarea

catch crop cultured6rob6e

 - 35 -

catchmentarea;catch basin bassinhydrographique;

bassinversant[Irrigation];
zonede recrutement[6ducation];
zoned'approvisionnement; zone
d'attraction;zoned'influence;zone de
captage

cattailmilletsee millet

cattle b6tall;bovins;cheptel;bestlaux

cattle on the hoof bWtallsur pled

cattle unit unitebbtail

[see also tropical cattle unit]

caucus(of countriesat Annual groupe

Meetings)

ceilingsee creditlimit

ceiling price prix plafond

cellularphone t6lephonede vofture;radiot6lephone

cellulaire

CentralBankFacility- CBF comptedes banquescentralesaupres

de la BIRD

central,midpoint estimate point median(d'unefourchette)

centralpivot sprinkleirrigation systeme"pivot";systemed'irrigation

A pivots;irrigationA pivot central;
systemed'appareilsA pivot

centrallyplannedeconomy- CPE, economiea planificationcentrale,

country d'Etat; 6conomieplanifiee;pays A
planificationcentrale

centralrate; key money rate taux pivot

certificateof deposit certificatde d6p6t

certificateof payment releve;recu

certifiedseed semencecertifile

chain Index Indiceen chalne

 - 36 -

changesin workingcapitalstatement; tableaude financement;tableaudesflux

statementof changesin financial
position

channel [trade] filiere; circuitde commercialisation

charcoalstove foyer a charbonde bois

charge;lien [legal] servitude

chargeback imputationdes chargesa l'utilisateur;

facturationinterne

chargenumber [currencypool] basede calcul des int6rets

charges[utiliies] redevances

chart see bar chart; chart of accounts;constructionprogresschart; flip chart; flow chart; managementchart;
performancechart; processchart; progresschart; scatterchart

charter(of a company) acte constitutif;charte

charterparty - c/p charte-partie

chart of accounts plan comptable

chattels biens mobiliers

child mortality mortalitejuvenile

[see also infantmortality]

cisternflush latrine cabinet Achassed'eau

civil engineer ingenieurde geniecivil

civil works travauxde g6niecivil

claim creance;reclamation;revendication;
pretention;moyensde droit
[see also financialclaim;financialclaimsof Government]

claim [mining] concession

claim (on resources) demandede ressources;prelevementsur

les ressources;ponction sur les
ressources

ClaimsCommittee[MIGA] Comit6des indemnisations

 - 37 -

classroomtechniques techniquespedagogiques(employeesen
classse)

clean coal charbonepure

clearance autorisation;approbation;dedouanement;
tirant d'air; hauteurlimite [p.ex. ponts]
[see also slum clearance;tax clearance]

clearedwood bois de defriche

clearing[agriculture] defrichage

clearinghouse chambrede compensation;centre

d'information;centre d'echange
de renseignements

client;owner of a project maitre de l'ouvrage

client country pays bbneficiaire;client;clientele

clinic see mobileclinic

clinker clinker

closed-endinvestmentcompany,fund; societed'investissement a capital

investmenttrust [UK] fixe; societed'investissement
ferm6e;fondsde placementferm6

closely-heldcorporation entreprisea nombrelimite

d'actionnaires

close of business- c.o.b. fermeturedes bureaux

closingdate date de cl6ture

closingstock [livestock] nombred'animauxen fin de periode

closureof the proceeding[ICSID] cl6turede l'instance

clothingIndustry industriede l'habillement

club deal arrangementsconsortiaux

club loan credit consortial;pret syndiqu6en

circuitferme

cluster sampling echantillonnagepar grappes

 - 38-

coal

coal-basedfuel combustibleA basede charbon

coal field bassinhoullier;gisementhouiller

coal fired power station centrale&charbon

coal gasHifcation gaz6eflcation

du charbon

coal liquefaction liquefactiondu charbon

coal tar goudronde houille

coarsegrain(s) c6rbalessecondaires,traditonnelles

coastalshipping cabotage

coastalstate etat c6tier; 6tat riverain

coastalstrip country pays A littoralbtroit

codetermination;comanagement cogestion

co-exposure[insurance] participation

coffeeyear ann6ecaf6lere

cofinanc(i)er cofinancier

cofinancing cofinancement

coinsurancesee qualitativecoinsurance;quantitativecoinsurance

coke oven four A coke

coke oven gas gaz de cokerie

coke oven plant cokerie

cokingcoal charboncok6flant

coleadmanager cochef de file (banque)

collateral garantie;nantissement

collateralfinancing financementavec garantle

 - 39 -

collect collector;recuelilir;rassembler[donn6es];
recouvrerlimpots]; ramasser[p.ex. lait,
dechets]; collecter[cultures]

collect call; transfercharge call; appol on PCV

reversecharge call

collectionof data; data collectlon collectsde donnees;rassemblementde

donn6es

collectiveagreement;labor agreement conventioncolective

collectiveself-reliance autonomlecollective

collegialmanagement gestioncoleglale

coloan pret cofinanch

comanagement;codetermination cogestion

combinedcycle [energy] cycle comblne

combinedsewer tout-a&4'bgout;
6gout unitaire

commandarea [irrigation] p6rimetreirrigue,irrigable

commandeconomy;controlledeconomy; economiedirigbe
directedeconomy

commercial

commercialbillssee commercialpaper

commercialcapital capitauxa des conditionscommerciales

commercialdeposit [mining] gisementrentable

commercialenergy 6nerglecommerciale

commercial,commercializedGDP PIB marchand

commerciallending prets a des conditionscommerciales;

prOtsext6rieursde sourcecommerciale

commercialpaper;commercial effetsde commerce;papler commercial:

bills papierfinancler;billetsde tr6sorerie
 -40 -

commercil production productionmarchande,a grande

6chelle,a 6chellecommerciale

commercialvehicle v6hiculeutilitaire

commission mettreen service;faire faire,

commanditer(une etude)

commissionedcompany societemandat6e(par la Banque

mondiale)

commitmentauthority;authority[IDA] pouvoird'engagement(des ressources)

commitmentcharge,fee commissiond'engagement

commitmentdeflator deflateurdes engagements

Committeeof the Whole [IBRD] Comiteplenier

Committeeon Directors'Administrative Comitedes questionsadministratives

Matters- CODAM concernantles Administrateurs

Committeeon StaffCompensation Comit6des questionsde r6mun6ration

Issues

commodity

commodity article; produit [en generall;

produit de base[commerceinternational];
marchandise[marche];
biens et servicesmarchands
[comptabilit6nationale]
[seealso core commodities;internationalcommodityagreements;internationalcommodityorganizations;
physicalcommodity;primary commodity;self-targeting(commodity)]

commodityagreement accord de produit

commodityassistance aide en nature

commodityloan pret en nature

commodityproducingcountries pays de productionprimaire

commodityproducingsectors secteursde productionprimaire

commoditytrade commercede transactionssur marchandises

commonshare;common stock; ordinary action ordinaire

share; equity
 - 41 -

community

community facilities;social 6quipements

collectifs,soclaux
infrastructure

communityhealthservices services
de santecommunautaire

community
healthworker- CHW agentde sant6communautaire

community
services services
collectifs

commuter navetteur

companion
crop culturede soutien

comparative
advantage avantage
comparatif

compensation remuneration;
parfois: indemnit6;
contrepartie
competentcourt or other authority tribunalcompetentou toute autreautorite
(to enforceawards)[ICSID] competente(pour1'executiondes
sentences
arbitrales)
competingclaims (on resources) pressionsconcurrentes(exerceessur
des ressources)

competitivebidding appeld'offres

competitivebidding in accordance appela la concurrencedont la

with local procedures;local publiciteest faite localement
competitivebidding - LCB

competitivemarket marcheconcurrentiel

complementarity complementarite

complementaryfinancing financementcompilmentaire

completedborrowing emprunt(totalement)place

completionsee mechanicalcompletion

completelyknockeddown - CKD en pibcesdetachees;completementd6mont6

- CKD

completelyknockeddown (CKD)kits ensembles,collectionsCKD

completion(of a project) achbvement

 -42-,

completioncertificate(of a project) certKficat

do r6ception(destravaux)

component(of a project) AlAment;composante;volet

componentbidding offresfractionnnes

compositecurrencyunit units mon6tairecomposite

compositemission missionpiuridisciplinalre

composting compostage

compound

compound[WestAfrica] concession;carr6

compoundfertilizer;mixed engraiscompose
fertilizer

compound Interest Interstscompos6s,capitalis6s

compoundrate of growth taux de croissancecumui6

compoundingfactor coefficientd'interetscomposes

comprehensive

comprehensiveeconomictable [IBRD] tableau6conomiqued'ensemble- TEE

comprehensiveinsurance assurancemultirisque,'tous risques"

comprehensiveplanning planificationglobale

comprehensiveschool 6cole polyvalente,A enseignement

multiple

comptroler chefdes servicesfinanciers;

contr6leurfinancier

compulsorysaving 6pargneforc6e

computablegeneralequilibrium(CGE) modeleinformatised'6quilibregeneral
model

computer

computersee mainframecomputer

computeraided design - CAD conceptionassist6epar ordinateur- CAO

 - 43 -

computeraided Instruction- CAI enseignementassist6par ordinateur- EAO

computeraided manufacture- CAM fabricationassist6epar ordinateur- FAO

computerlanguage langagede programmation

concealed,covert,disguised,hidden ch6mageocculte,d6guisM
unemployment

conceptualdesign sch6math6orlque

concessional

concessional;concessionary concessionnel;lib6ral;avantageux;
pr6f6rentiel[tarffs];special

concessional,concessionaryaid aide concessionnelle,liberale

concessional,concessionaryelement el6mentconcessionnel,de subvention

concessionalflow flux d'aide concessionnelle

concessionalterms conditionslib6rales

concessionality concessionalite

concessionarysee concessional

ConciliationCommission[ICSID] Commissionde conciliation

ConciliationRules[ICSID] Reglementde conciliation

concurrentindicator indicateursimultan6,concurrent

conditionality conditionnalite

conditionsof effectiveness conditionsd'entr6een vigueur

conformedcopy copie certifieeconforme

connection[water,electricity]; raccordement;branchement
wiring [electricity]

consent (to jurisdiction) [ICSID] consentement(a la jurisdiction,

a la competence)

conservationsee energy conservation

 -44-

consideration[legal, economic] contrepartie;contribution;

rhmuneration

consolidatedbalancesheet bilanconsolld6

consolidatedincome statement compte de r6sultatsconsolid6

consolidatematurities consoliderles 6ch6ances

consolidation,land remembrement
des terres

consolidation(of companies) fusion

consortium(for a country) consortium(d'aide a un pays)

conspicuousconsumption consommationostentatoire

constantelasticityof substitution 6lasticitede substitutionconstante

- CES

constantenergy intensity intensited'utilisationd'6nergieconstante

constantprices,at a prix constants

constituencyof an Executive paysrepresent6(s)par un Administrateur;

Director electorat(d'un Administrateur)

constituent(s)of an Executive mandant(s)d'un Administrateur;

Director 6lectoratd'un Administrateur

constituentsubdivisionor collectivitepubliqueou
agency (of a Contracting organismed6pendant(d'un
State)[ICSIDI Etat contractant)

constructedvalue valeurcalculbe

constructionprogresschart graphiqued'executiondestravaux

constructionsector secteurdu batimentet des travaux

publics - BTP;secteurdu bgtiment

consultantsee short term consultant

consultingfirm societe,bureau,cabinet d'etudes;cabinet

de consultants;cabinet-conseil
[see also managementconsultancyfirm]

consumables biensfongibles;matieresconsommables
 - 45 -

consumer

consumer[telecommunications] usager

consumercredit credit a la consommation

consumerdemand demandede consommation

consumerdurablessee durables

consumerelectronics electroniquegrandpublic - EGP

consumergoods biensde consommation

consumerprice prix a la consommation

consumerprice index - CPI indicedes prix a la consommation- IPC

consumersubsidy subvention& la consommation

consumersurplus rentedu consommateur;surplusdu

consommateur

consumptionconversionfactor - CCF coefficientde conversionbase sur la

consommation

consumptioneconomy economiede consommation

consumptionrate of interest- CRI taux d'actualisationde la consommation

contact farmer [agricultural agriculteurde liaison

extension]

containerization conteneurisation

contingencies imprevus;aleas

contingencies,physical provisionpour al6asd'execution;

provisionpour aleastechniques

ContingencyMechanism Dispositifd'action conjoncturelle

[IMF/WoridBank]

contingencies,price provisionpour haussedes prix;

provisionpour aleasfinanciers;
provisionpour imprevusfinanciers
 -46 -

contingency
allowance;
reservefor provisionpourimprevus
contingencies;
allowance
for
contingencies

contingency
plan dispositifd'intervention

contingent
contingentasset actf conditionnel

contingentcommitment
[IFC] engagement
conditionnel
[SFI]

contingentinterest interetconditionnel
contingentliability passifconditionnel

contingentobligation engagement
conditionnel

contingentreserve provisionpourimprevus;
reservepour
impr6vus

continuation
rate[contraception] tauxde continuit6d'utilisation
continuingeducation;lifelong education
permanente,
continue
education;continuingeducation

continuouscropping culturecontinue

ContinuouslyOfferedLonger-Term papiera termeofferten permanence

(COLTS)
Securities(COLTS)
contourbund diguettesuivantlescourbesde niveau

contourfarming culturesuivantlescourbesde niveau

contract
contract marche[fournitures,travaux];
contrat [prestationde services]
[seealso admeasurementcontract;arm's-lengthcontract;call order contract;cost-plusfixed fee contract;
cost-pluspercentagefee contract;fixed cost contract;fixed term contract;lump sumcontract; management
contract;man-monthcontract;open-endedcontract;percentage(fee) contract;product in hand contract;
production-sharingcontract; programcontract;remeasurementcontract;risk contract; schedulecontract;
"sliceand package"contract;specialconditionsof contract;subcontract;take-and-paycontract;take-or-pay
agreement,contract;time-basedcontract;turnkey contract;undercontract; unit price contract]

contract,by; contract,under i 1'entreprise

contractdocuments piecesdu marche

 - 47-

contract out sous-traitera

contract price prix forfaitaire

contractingauthority mattrede l'ouvrage

ContractingState [ICSID] Etat contractant

ContractingStates [MIGA] Etatscontractants

contractionarypolicy politiqued'austerite

contractor entrepreneur;entreprise;
contractant;adjudicataire
[see also bondedcontractor;generalcontractor;prime,principal,maincontractor;subcontractor]

contractualobligations[IBRD] obligationscontractuelles

contragestion;contragestatlon contragestlon

contributor[IDA] contribuant

control lutte (contre);mattrise(de l'eau);

regulation;commande[electricite,
irrigation]

controlledeconomy;commandeconomy; economiedirigbe
directedeconomy

controlledflooding irrigationpar ruissellement

regle

controlledirrigation irrigationcontrol6e

controllinginterest participationmajoritaire;position
dominante

conurbation conurbation

conventionalenergy 6nergieclassique

conventionalterms conditionsclassiques,
commerciales,du march6

Conventionon the Settlement Conventionpour le reglement

of InvestmentDisputes des diff6rendsrelatifsaux
betweenStatesand Nationals investissementsentre Etats
of other States[ICSID] et ressortissantsd'autresEtats
 - 48 -

convergentindicator indicateurconvergent

conversionat par conversionau pair

convertiblebond obligationconvertible

convertibledebentureloan empruntobligataireconvertible
investment[IFC] [SFI]

cooperativeprogram programmede cooperation

cooperativeresearch recherchecooperative,en commun,

concert6e

core

core see bore core; core sample;drill core; dwellingcore

core business activit&sessentielles

core commodities[IBRD] principauxproduitsde base

core curriculum tronc commun

core departmentssee core ministries

core expenditure depensesincompressibles

core (working)hours plageobligatoire

core housing;nuclearhousing habitat6volutif;cellules

elementaires;logementembryonnaire;
cellulede base

core inflation inflationde base

core ministries,departments ministbrescl6s (p.ex.Plan,finances,

commerce,industrie)

core process [IBRD] activitecentrale

core program programmeprioritaire

core project projet strategique

core sample;core; bore core carotte

[mining; oil]
 - 49 -

core subjects;basicsubjects matieresprincipales

[education]

core working hourssee core hours

corporate

corporatebody, institution;body personnemorale;societe

corporate

corporatebond obligationde societe

corporatecharge card carte de creiit professionnelle

corporatefinance gestionfinancieredes entreprises

corporateincometax [US]; business imp6t sur les societes[France];imp6t sur

(profit)tax lesbenefices(industriels,
commerciaux)
dessociet6s

corporatesector secteurdes entreprises

corporatestocks actions

corporatestructure structuresociale;organisation
mat6rielleet financierede
1'entreprise [SFI]

corporatetax imp6t sur les societes

corporationtax [UK]; business imp6t sur les societes[France]; imp6tsur

(profit)tax; corporateincome les benefices(industriels,commerciaux)
tax [US] des societ6s

correctionsee monetarycorrection

correctivemaintenance entretiencorrectif

corridor [transportation] couloir

corrugationirrigation irrigationa la raie

cost

cost co0t; prix de revient

cost, at a prix coOtant;au prix de revient

 - 50 -

cost accounting comptabiliteanalytiqued'exploitation;

comptabilitedes prix de revient;
calcul des prix de revient

cost and fee contractsee cost-plusfixed fee contract

cost-benefitanalysis analysecoOts-avantages

cost-benefitratio ratio coOts-avantages

cost center centrede coOts

cost control mattrisedes coOts

cost-effective efficacepar rapportau co&t;

rentable;economique

cost-effectiveness coOt-efficacite;rentabilite;efficacite

cost estimate estimationde coOts;devis

cost, insuranceand freight - CIF co&t,assurance,fret - c.a.f.

cost, insuranceand freight (cif) prix coOtassurancefret port d'entr6e/

port of entry/border point price frontiere

cost overrun depassementde devis,de coOts

cost-plusfixed fee contract marchesur depensescontr6lees

cost-pluspercentage(fee) march6sur depensescontr6l8esavec

contract pourcentage

cost-pluspricing system systemedu prix de revientmajore

cost price prix coOtant,de revient

cost pricing veritedes prix

cost-pushinflation inflationpar les coOts;inflationde coOt

cost recovery recouvrementdes coOts

cost reimbursablecontract march6sur d6pensescontr6lees

cost sharing partagedes coOts;repartitiondes

charges;participationaux frais
 - 51 -

cost stream flux de(s)coOts;seriede(s) coOts

cost underrun coOtsinferieursaux pr6visions;

surestimationdes coOts;
pourcentagede fonds inutilises

costing etablissementdes coOts;determination

des coOts;calculdes coOts

cottage industry industrieartisanale

counsel[ICSID] conseil

counter-memorial[ICSID] contre-memoire

counterpart

counterpartagency agencede cooperation

counterpartfunds fonds de contrepartie

counterpartitem elementde contrepartie

[balanceof payments]

counterpartstaff homologues;personnelde contrepartie

countertrade echangescompenses,de compensation

countervailingduty droit compensateur

country

countryassistancemanagement- CAM gestionde l'aide par pays

country economicand sectorwork etudessectorielleset analyses

- CESW[IBRD] economiquespar pays

country economicmemorandum- CEM memorandum6conomique(sur un pays)

[IBRD]

country economist 6conomiste-pays

country exposure[IBRD] engagementpar pays

[see also countryrisk]

country implementationreview biland'executiondes projets (par pays)

countryloan [IBRD] prdt-pays

 - 52 -

countryoperations operations-pays

country programpaper - CPP [IBRD] programmed'action (de la Banque)

(pour un pays donne)

country risk risque-pays

country sectormemorandum[IBRD] memorandumsur le secteurde...

country strategypaper documentde strategie(pour un pays)

coupon bond obligationmuniede coupon

coupon equivalentyield rendementconverti en taux

d'int6ret

coupon rate (of a bond) taux d'emission(d'une obligation)

coursesee basecourse

courseinterchange[education] cours int6gr6a lements

interchangeables

covenants[loanagreements] clauses[accords de pret];

parfois: engagements

coversee plant cover

coverage couverturelassurances];portee;
champd'application;composition;
repr6sentation[statistique]

coverageratio [loans] taux de couverture

cover crop; nursecrop plantesde couverture;culture de

couverture

coveredsee balancesheld on a coveredbasis

coveringmemorandum memorandumd'accompagnement

covert, hidden,disguised,concealed ch6mageocculte,deguisb

unemployment

cowpea nibbe

crawlingpeg [rate of exchange] systemede paritbsmobiles

(glissantes,rampantes)
 - 53 -

creativefinancing formulesnouvelles,inedites,
originalesde financement

credentials pouvoirs;references;
diplomes[education];
lettresde creances

credft

credit see also financialcredit

credit [education] unitede valeur;unite capitalisable- U.C.

creditaccount [IDA] comptede credit

creditarrangements accordsde credit

creditavailability accbsau credit

credit balancesee unspentcredit balance

creditceiling see credit limit

creditfacilities facilitesde credit; mecanismede

credit

credit-in-kind credit en nature

creditlimit; credit ceiling plafondde credit

creditline [IFC] ouverturede credits pour l'octroi de

prets

credit multiplier multiplicateurdu credit

credit risk risqued'insolvabilit6;pays, societe,etc.,

a risque

credit squeeze;credittightening resserrementdu credit;compression

du credit;encadrementdu credit

creditworthiness;credit solvabilite; capacit de financement;

standing capacited'endettement;surface
financibre;credit; cote de credit;
signature[pays; grandesociete];
honorabilite[client priv6]

creepsee grade creep

 54 -

creepinginflation inflationlarvee,rampante

criticalconsumption
level- CCL niveaucritiquede consommation

critical path method- CPM m6thodedu chemincritique

cronyism n6potisme

croppingintensity intensltede culture

croppingpattern r6partitiondescultures;systeme
de culture;assolement

cropproduction productionv6g6tale

crops cultures;parfois: speculations

cropyear campagne

crossbredprogeny[livestock] produftsde crolsement

cross-classification classement
matriciel,a doubleentree

cross-conditionality
clause clausede conditionnalit6
reciproque
cross-default
clause clausede manquement reciproque;
claused'exigibillte
croisee;
clausede d6fautcroise
cross-effectiveness
clause clausede miseen vigueurliee;
clausede subordination
reciproque
pourl'entr6een vigueur
crosselasticity elasticitecrois6e

crossoverdiscountrate;equalizing tauxd'indifflrence;tauxd'egalisation
discountrate desvaleursactuelles;taux
d'actualisation
critique
crosspriceelasticity elasticit6-prix
crois6e
crossrate tauxcroise
[seealso brokencrossrates]

cross-reference
clause clausede renvoi
cross-sectional
analysis analysetransversale
cross-sectional
data[econometry] donneesbaseessurunecoupestatistique
 - 55 -

cross sectionsample 6chantillonrepresentatif

cross subsidization subventioncroisee,reciproque;

partois: subventioninterne

crowdingIn attraction;envahissement;
accumulationdes investissements

crowdingout 6viction

crowd out 6vincer;supplanter;exclure

crude birth rate - CBR taux brut de natalite

crude death rate taux brut de mortalite

crushsee vaccinationcrush

culledcow vache de reforme

culling rate taux de reforme

culvert aqueduc;buse;ponceau

cumulativecharge number basecumul6ede calcul des interets

[currencypool]

cumulativewrite offs montantcumulatifpassepar pertes

et profits

curb market;over-the-countermarket marchehors-cote

currency

currencysee also bordercurrency;compositecurrencyunit; domesticcurrency;eligiblecurrency;

Eurocurrency;Europeancurrencyunit; foreigncurrency;gold-peggedcurrency;hard currency;intervention
currency;local currency;major currency

currencydepreciation d6preciationde la monnaie

currency-hedgedtransaction operationcouvertecontre les risques

de change

currencyin banks monnaiedetenuepar les banques

currencyliabilities dettesen monnaie

currencyoption bond see multiplecurrencyoption bond

 - 56 -

currencyoutsidebanks monnalefiduciairehors banques

currencypool pool de monnaies

currencyswap swapde monnales

cunrencytransferrisk [MIGA] risquede transfert

currencytranslation conversionmonetaire;traduction
monetaire

currencyunit unitemonetaire

current

current account [balanceof balancedes paiementscourants,des

payments] operationscourantes

currentaccount balance;current soldecourants;solde des paiements

balance[balanceof payments] courants,des operationscourantes

currentaccount deficit deficitcourant

currentassets actif circulant,disponible;valeurs

realisables

current balancesee current account balance

current balanceof payments balancedes paiementscourants;

transactionscourantes;op6rations
courantes

current blend- CB [IFC] panachea court terme - PCT

current budget budget ordinaire,de fonctionnement;

parfois: budget de l'exerciceen cours

currentcost (value)accounting comptabilitedes couts courants;

(methodedu) bilan actualise

current (entry)value; replacement valeurde remplacement

value; currentcost [accounting]

current exit value; exit value valeuractuelle;valeurvenale

current expenditures depensesordinaires

current Internationalpayments paiementsinternationauxcourants

 - 57 -

current liabliNtles exigibilit6s;passifa court terme

current maturities 6ch6ancesa moinsd'un an

current prices,at aux prix courants

current ratio; workingcapital ratio de liquiditegenerale;

ratio

current revenues recettescourantes,ordinaires,aux

prix courants

currentterms, in en valeurnominale

currentvalue see current (entry)value

currentvalue accountingsee current cost (value)accounting

currentyield rendementcourant

curriculum programmescolaire,d'enseignement;
parfois: pland'etudes
[see also core curriculum]

custom retrofitting reequipementindustriela la demande

customsduty bill obligationcautionn6e

customsvaluation(practices) (methodesde) determinationde la

valeuren douane

cutoff point (for Bankor IDA seuil de reclassement

financing)

cutoff rate (of return)[projects] seuil de rentabilite

cuts see tariff cuts

cutting bouture;abattage;coupe

cutting see also logging

 - 58 -

- D-

dam see diversiondam; earthfilldam; storagedam

data collection collectede donn6es;rassemblementde

donnees

Dataon ConsultingFirms- DACON repertoireinformatiquesur les

consultants- DACON

dated information donneesponctuelles

day release creditd'heures;(systemed') horaires

ambnag6s

day-to-daymoney;call money;demand argentau jour le jour; credit a vue,

money;moneyat call a tres court terme;avancesa vue

deadweight(loss) (perte)de polds mort; perte pour

l'economie

deadweightcapacity port en lourd

deadweighttonnage- DWT tonnes de port en lourd - tpl

dealersee securitiesdealer

debenture obligation(non garantie)

[see also convertibledebentureloan investment]

debt

debt bunching concentrationdes 6cheances(d'unedette)

debt cancellation annulation,remisede la dette

debt carryingcapacity capacited'endettement

debt consolidation consolidationde la dette

debt distressedcountry pays surendett6

debt due arrier6s;parfois: impaye

debt-equityconversion conversionde la dette en capital;

conversionde dettesen fonds propres
 59-

debt-equity
ratlo; ratlod'endettement
debt-to-equity
ratlo;
debt-to-capital
ratlo
debt-equity
swap[WoddBank] Achange do cr6ances
contredes
participations
debtfunding consolidation
de la dette

debtoutstanding
anddisbursed encoursde la dette
- DOD

debtoverhang montanttotalde la dette

debtratio ratiode solvabilite

debtrelief allegement
de la dette

debtrephasing;
rescheduling
of amenagement, r66chelonnement,
consolidation
debt de la dette
debtreportingsystemsee WorldBankDebtorReporting
System
debtrepresentation
letter attestation
surla detteexterieure

debtrescheduling;
rescheduling
of am6nagement, reechelonnement,
consolidation
debt de la dette

debtrestructuring restructuration
de la dette

debtretirement amortissement
de la dette

debtsales cessionde dettes

debtsecurity garantled'unecr6ance;titreobligataire

debtservicecoverage couverture
du servicede la dette
debt-service
ratio ratiodu servicede la dette

debtservicerequirements obligations
au titredu service
de la dette
debtserviceschedule 6cheancler
du servicede la dette;
calendrier
des 6cheances,
d'amortissement
de la dette

debtservicingcapacity aptitudeAassurerle servicede la dette

 -60-

debt structure structurede la dette

debt-to-capital
ratiosee debt-equity
ratio

debt-to-equity
ratioseedebt-equityratio

debtwork-outprogram[WorddBank] programme de la dette;

de traktement
programme
de restructuration
de la dette

debtorreportingsystemsee WorldBankDebtorReporting
System

decision-maker responsable;
decldeur

decision-making
body centrede decision;organede decision

decision-making
power pouvoirde d6cision

decision-making
process prisede decision

Declaration
of Environment Policies Declaration
concernant lespolitiquesde
andProcedures Relatingto Economic l'environnement
et les proc6dures relatives
Development au developpement 6conomique
decliningbalancemethod;reducing amortissement
degressif
chargemethod

decontrol;remove,lift credit d6sencadrer (ie credit);d6r6glementer;

restrictions leverles contr6les;
liberer(p.ex.les
prix)
deductionsee taxdeduction

deedof trust actede fid6icommis

deep
deepdiscountbond,note obligationa primed'6mission6lev6e
deepmarket marcheactif
deepseafishing pechehauturiere

deepwaterport porten eauprofonde

deepening intensiication;
renforcement
[seealsocapitaldeepening;capitaldeepening financialdeepening]
investment;
default[ICSID] d6faut
 - 61-

defaulton obligations manquementaux obligations;

lnexbcutiondes obligations

default(on payment) defautde paiement;cessationde paiement

deferred

deferredcharges,expenses chargesconstat6esd'avance

deferreddepreciation amortissementdiff6re

deferredIncome produltconstated'avance

deferredmaintenance entretienen souffrance;entretiendiff6re

deficiencysee mineraldeficiency;nutritionaldeficiency;protein deficiency;vitamindeficiency

deficitcountry paysd6ficitaire

deficitfinancing financementpar le deficit budg6taire,

par l'impassebudgetaire

deflate exprimeren prix constants

deflation d6flation;expressionen prix constants

deflationarygap ecart dbflationniste

deflator deflateur;indiced'ajustement
[see also commitmentdeflator;GNPprice deflator;implicit deflator;implicit grossdomesticproductdeflator]

deforestation deboisement

degreeof concessionality caractereplus ou moinsfavorable,

liberal;elbmentde liberalitb

degressivescale baremed6gressif

dehusking;husking decorticage

delegationof authority delegationde pouvoirs

delink [foreignexchange] dbtacher

delinquenttaxes arri6r6sd'imp6ts

delivery(of a contract) remise(d'un contrat)

 *62-

deliverysystem;supplysystem systbmedo prestatlons;reseau

do services;
dltribution;organisatlon
(dessoinsprimaires)

demand

demanddeposit dbp6tAvue

demandmanagement gestionde la demande;regulationde

la demande; actionsurla demande;
orientation
de la demande

demandmoney;callmoney; argentau jourle jour;creditAvue,

day-to-day
money;moneyat call &trescourtterme;avancesAvue

demandnote bonAvue;effetAvue
demand-pull
inflation inflationpar la demande

demandshift d6placement
de la demande

demersalfish;bottomfish especesde fond,demersales

demographic transition
transitlon; transitiond6mographique

demonstration
demonstration
activity operatlonpilote;op6ratlon
temoin
demonstration
effect effetde d6monstration,
d'emulation,
d'entratnement
demonstration
plot parcellede demonstration

demonstration
school;laboratory ecoled'application;
ecole
school;modelschool;practice exp6rlmentale
school
denominated
In (dollars,etc.) libelleen;exprimeen
densityof populationperunitof densitegeneralepar unitede sol
cultivablearea cultivable;
densitephysiologique
population
densityof theagricultural vivantde
densitbde la population
per unitof cultivable
area densiteagraire
l'agriculture;
departmentalization
[education] enseignement
par matieresseparkes;
compartimentatlon
 *63-

dependencyallowance lndemnltbpour chargesde famille

dependencyratlo rapportMdge-personnes A charge";

rapportde d6pendanceen fonction de I'dge

dependent personnea charge

depletionsee soil depletion

depletlonallowance,reserve provislonpour 6puisement(d'un gisement)

depositsee geothermaldeposit

deposit bank banquede dep6t

deposit liabilities engagementsA vue

depositorrate of interest;borrowing taux cr6diteur

rate [banks]
[see also rate of intereston loans]

depositorybank banqued6positaire

depreciation

depreciationsee also accelerateddepreciation;accumulateddepreciation;allowancefor depreciation;

currencydepreciation;deferreddepreclation;straight-linedepreclation

depreclatlonallowance provislon(s)pour amortissement

depreciationof currency;currency deprsclatlonde la monnale

depreclatlon

depreclatlonon a straightllne; amortlssementlilnbalre,constant

straightline depreciation

depressedIndustry Industrisen dbciln, en crise, en

ports de vitesse

Deputy[DevelopmentCommittee] Dhlbgub

Deputy[IDA) D6l6gue

DeputySecretaryGeneral[ICSID] Secretaireg6n6raladjolnt

deregulate liberer; leverles contr6les

dArAglementer;
 .64-

design

design conception;elaboration;plan; modele;

projet; etudestechniques;dessin;
calcul; parti architectural;
dimensionnement
[see also conceptualdesign;detaileddesign; engineeringdesign; pavementdesign; preliminarydesign;
projectdesign; structuraldesign]

design capacity capacit6nominale,theorique

design engineering ingenieriede construction;etude de

conception;etudestechniques

designspeed vitessede construction,de conception,

de base,nominale

designstandards caracteristiquestechniques[routes];
normesde construction

DesignatingAuthority (of l'Autoritequi a d6sign6(les

PanelMembers)[ICSID] expertsfigurantsur la
liste)

designer concepteur-projeteur;
modeliste;dessinateur

desk officer fonctionnairecharged'un pays

desk study etude sur documents,theorique

desktop publishing publicationassisteepar ordinateur(PAO);

micro6dition;6ditique

destocking[animalmanagement] dechargedu pdturage

detaileddesign, engineering projet d'ex6cution;dossierd'execution

[une foasapprouve];avant-projetdetaille
- APD

deterrent facteurde dissuasion,dissuasif

developer promoteur;maitrede l'ouvrage

[seealso real estatedeveloper]

developingislandcountry pays insulaireen d6veloppement

 - 65 -

development

development d6veloppement;mise en valeur;amenagement;

61aboration;
miseau point; realisation;
deroulement;faits nouveaux;evolution;
perfectionnement(du personnel);
construction;lotissement;quartier nouveau
[see also area development;engineeringdevelopment;EvaluationCapabilityDevelopmentProgram;land
development;managementdevelopment;manpowerdevelopment;site development;skillsdevelopment;
socialdevelopment;staffdevelopment;urbandevelopmentarea;wholefarm development;World
DevelopmentIndicators;World DevelopmentReportj

developmentarea zoned'amenagement

developmentbank banquede developpement

developmentbond bon d'6quipement

Development Committee Comitedu developpement

developmentcreditagreement accord de creiit de

[IDA] d6veloppement[IDA]

developmentdrilling foragede d6veloppement

developmentfinancecompany- DFC societede financementdu developpement

- SFD

developmentfinanceinstitution institutionde financementdu developpement

- DFI - IFD

developmentperiod (of a phasede demarrage,lancement

project, of a company)

developmentplanner planfifcateurdu developpement

developmentplanning planificationdu d6veloppement

diagnosissee earlydiagnosis

diarrhealdiseases maladiesdiarrheiques

dieselfuel; dieseloil gazole;gas-oil

diesel(fired)powerplant centraleau fuel

differential[noun] diff6rentiel;6cart

dilutionsee stock dilution

 -66 -

diminishingreturns rendements
d6croissants
[seealso lawof diminishing
returns]

dip [stockbreeding] balnantiparasitaire

dippingtank bassind'immersion

direct
directcontracting[procurement] passation
de marchbsparententedirecte

directcosting m6thodedu directcosting,des coOts

variables,
descoOtsproportionnels

directexchange
line- DEL ligneindividuelle,
nonpartag6e

directshopping[procurement] commandes directes;consultation

(directe)de fournisseurs
directedcredit orientation,
contr6ledu credit

directedeconomy;controlledeconomy; 6conomie
dirig6e
commandeconomy
directionof lending r6partltlon
g6ographique
desprets
directlyunproductive
profitseeking activlt6sdirectement improductives
de
activities- DUP maximisation de la rente
directors'fees Jetonsde pr6sence

disadvantaged
group 6conomiquementfalbles;groupedefavorisb

disbursed
portfolio[IFC] partled6calssbe
du portefeuille
disbursement
disbursement dbcalssement
[BIRD];sortiede fonds;
d6bours;palement;
versement; d6boursement
disbursement
deflator d6flateurdesdbcalssements

disbursement
letter lettresurles conditlons
de dbcaissement

disbursement
officer chargbdesdbcalssements
discharge[sewage] rejets;dbversement
disclaimer dbnide responsablltb
 - 67 -

discontinuance
[ICSID] dbsistement

discount
discount rabals;dbcote;escompte[finances];
primed'bmisslon[obligations];
deport[devises]
[seealsoexchange
discount;pricediscount;qualitydiscount;soclalrateof discount]

discount,to [finance] actuaiiser;

escompter;
mobillser;
parfols: rbescompter

discountbond obligationa primed'6misslon

discountfactor coefficient
d'actualisation

discountnote bon& prime(d'emission)

discountrate[centralbank] tauxd'escompte

discountrate[projectappraisal] tauxd'actualisation
[seealsoshadowdiscountrate]
discountrate[securities] tauxd'actualisation

discounted
cashflow (DCF)method methoded'actualisation
desfluxfinanciers
discretlonary
Income revenudiscr6tionnaire
discretlonary
spending d6penses
discrAtlonnalres

paper
discussion documentde travail

diseaseseepatternof disease;pestanddiseasecontrol;plantdiseases; disease;water-based

vectorborne
disease;waterborne
disease;water-washed disease

diseconomles d6sbconomles
disestablish,
to mettrefin auxactivitbs;Jiquider;
d6manteler
disguised,
hidden,covert,concealed chBmageocculte,d6guls6
unemployment
dishoarding d6th6saurisation

disincentive antistimulant;
frein;deslncitatlon;
effetdissuasif
 -68 -

disinflation d6sinflation

disinflationary desinflationniste

disintermediation d6sinterm6diation

disinvestment desinvestissement

dispatching[electricity] dispatching

dispersionof resources saupoudragedes ressources

disposableincome revenudisponible

disposalsee wastedisposal

dispose(of) for value,to ceder a titre onereux

disquaiification[ICSIDI recusation

dissaving d6separgne

distanceleaming,teaching enseignement&distance

distressborrowing empruntsde detresse

distressedloan pret en difficulte

distressprice vil prix

distresssale, selling ventepubliquede biens saisis;

ventea tout prix, en catastrophe,
de panique

distribution(ai)weight ponderationdistributive

disutility desutilite

diversioncosts [ports) coOtsde deroutement

diversiondam barragede derivation

divertedexpons detoumementde biens d'exportation

(au profit du projet)

divestiture cessiond'actions;transfertd'actions;
passationde pouvoirs (d'une societe
A une autre);desengagement;
desinvestissement
 - 69 -

dividendsee stockdidend

dockagesee wharfage

documentarycredit cr6ditdocumentaire

documentaryevidence piecesjustificatives

dollar gap p6nuriede dollars

domestic

domesticassetformation; formationinterieurede capital

domesticcapitalformation

domesticassets avoirs int6rleurs;creancesint6rieures

domesticcapitalformationsee domesticassetformation

domesticcontent ratio taux d'int6grationnatlonale

domesticcurrency monnalenationale;monnalelocale
(p.ex franc CFA)

domesticeconomy economienationale

domesticliabilities engagementsint6rieurs

domesticpreference;preference, pref6renceaccord6eaux entreprises

preferentialmargin;marginof nationales;margede preference
preference[procurement]

domesticresourcecost - DRC coOten ressourcesinterieures;

coOtreei des devises

domesticresourcecost ratio; coefficientde coOten ressources

domesticresourcecost coefficient Interieures
- DRCC

domesticsavings epargneinterieure

domestictransfercost coOtde transfertint6rleur

domesticvalue added valeurajouteedans le pays, A

l'interieur

domesticwaste orduresm6nagbres

donor country paysdonateur

 *70-

double
doublecropping;sequentlal culturessuccessives;
doublerbcolte
cropping

double-day
phenomenon ph6nombnede la doublejournee,de la
doubletache
doubledigit Inflation;
two digit inflationA deuxchiffres
Inflation
doubleentryaccounting comptabiiMt
en partiedouble

doublefactorlaltermsof trade termesde l'6changebifactoriels

doubleshiftteaching;double classesaltem6es;classesde roulement;
shifting doublevacation[anciennescoloniesbelges]
doubletaxation doubleImpositlon
double-weighted
borrowingcost coOtdesemprunts
doublementpondere
[IBRDJ

doubtfuldebt crbancedouteuse
downgrade
(a loan) declasser
downpayment(on thebudgetdeficit) acompte
downsizing d6gralssage
deseffectifs

downstream
effect,benefit avantage,
effeten aval
downstream
plant,facilftles Installations
en aval
downswing phasedescendants,de repil,de
contraction;
baisse
downtime tempsmort;durbed'Immobilisation
downturn(economic) balsse;passageAla phasedescendante

downwardtrend tendanceAla balsse

drainagebasin bassinhydrographique
drainagesystemsee stormwaterdrainagesystem

draw(funds) tirer;fairedestirages
 *71-

drawback[customs] (desdrolts
ristoume;remboursement
de douane)

drawdown pr6livoment;
diminution;tirage;
rabattement
[irrigatlon]

drawdownof equity versement,

lib6ratlondu capital

dressingsee basaldressing;surfacedressing;top dressing;windowdressing

dressingsection,hall[slaughtering] haild'habillage

dribbleirrigationseedrip irrigation

drillcore carottede sondage

drilling forage;sondage
[seealsowelldrilling]

drillingrig,plafformsee ol (drilling)rig

drip irrigation;dribbleIrrigation; Irrigationau goutte-a-goutte

trickleirrigation
drivenwell puitsfonc6
droppage(of a loan)[IFC] abandon(d'unpret)

dropout [educatlon][noun) d6perdltlon

scolaire;abandon;
dbchetsscolaires;reJets;
exclus

dropout [education][verb] abandonner

en coursd'6tudes
dropoutrate[education] tauxd'abandon(scolaire)
droughtstress tensioncaus6eparla s6cheresse
drugsee brandnamedrug;genericdrug

drydock caleseche;calede radoub

dryfarming;drylandfarming "dryfarming";aridoculture;
culture
en zonearide;cultureseche;
cultureen sec
dry process[cementmanufacture] traftement
parvolesbche

dualexecutivedirector Administrateur
Banque/Fonds
 -72-

catUe
dual-purpose bovinAaptitudemixte;bovina doublefin

dugwell puitscreusb

dummyvarable variablefictive,auxilaire

dumping d6chargesauvage
dumping[economie];
[orduresi

dungcake de fumier;tourteaude bouse

agglomer6

durablegoods;durables;consumer durables
blensde consommation
durables

Dutchdisease hollandais
syndirome

dutiable de drokts
passible

duty-free en franchisede droits

dutystation lieud'affectation

dwellingcore cellulede base;logementembryonnaire

dynamiclife Index[commodities] indicede vie dynamique

 -73-

early

early(maturing)[crop] prcoce; primeur

earlydiagnosis depistage
earlyretirement
scheme r6gimede retrakte
anticip6e
earlywarningsystem systemed'alenerapide,immeciiate

earmark(funds) r6server;
affecter;provisionner

earmarked
account compted'affectation
spciale

earmarked
tax imp6td'affectatlon
speciale,determin6e

eamedincome revenusdu travaU

earnedsurplus ben6fices
nondistribues;reserves
eamingassets avoirsr6mun6rateurs,
productffs

earningpower productit6flnanciere(d'actHfs
materiels,d'actHfsfinanciers);
rentablite

earnings proffts;beneflces;
gains;recettes;
r6munbration globale

earthfUl
dam barragea rembialde terre;barrage
en terrefoul6e
earthor gravelroad routenonrevetue
earthresources
satellKe satellited'explorationdes
ressources terrestres

earthroad piste;routeen terre;parfois: route

nonrevetue
[seealsoearthor gravelroad]
ease,monetary;monetaryease assouplissement
mon6taire
EastIndianmilletsee millet
 74-

easymoney alsancemonhtaire; (poltiquede)

I'argentAbonmarchb;detentedu
cridit; credItbon march6

economic
economicanalyst sp6clallste
de I'analyseeconomique

economicandsectorwork- ESW et sectorielles

6tudes6conomiques

economicbenefits 6conomiques
avantages

economiccost coOt6conomique

economicindicator indicateur 6conomique;indice

de l'activit66conomique;
indlcateur de conjoncture

economicinterest[oil,minerals) intert economique

economicInternalrateof returnsee economicrateof return

economiclife dureeutile;dureede vie

economicman sujet,agent6conomique;
homoeconomicus
economicmanagement gestionde lteconomie,
economique
economicperformance performance
de l'economie;resultats
6conomiques;comportement de l'economie

economicprice;efficiency
price prix6conomique
economicrateof return- ERR; tauxde rentabilite
econom.que
economicInternalrateof
return- EIRR

economicrecoveryloan- ERL pretau redressement

6conomique
[WorldBank]
economicrent rente
economictablesee comprehensive
economictable

economicunit cellule6conomlque;
agenteconornique
economies
of scale 6conomiesd'6chelle
 -75 -

edit (textsfor publication) mettreen forme

edited by pubiibsous la directionde;

mis en forme par

editor r6dacteur;directeurde publication;bditeur

educational

educationalachievements r6sultatsscolaires

educationalbackgroundsee background

educationalguidance orientationscolaire

educationalmaterial mat6rieldidactique,pedagogique

educationalstatus degred'instruction

educationbenefits[WorldBank] prestations6ducation

educationfacilities 6tabiissementsscolaires;centre
d'enseignement

effective

effectivesee also cost effective

effectivedate date d'entreeen vigueur

effectivedemand demandeeffective

effectiveexchangerate taux de changeeffectif

[see also real effectiveexchangerate]

effectiveinterestrate taux d'intereteffectif

effectiveprotection protectioneffective

effectiveprotectioncoefficient coefficientde protectioneffective

- EPC

effectiverate of protection taux de protectioneffective

effectivesubsidy ratio coefficientde subventioneffective- CSE

effectivenesssee conditionsof effectiveness;cost effectivenesss

effectivenessof an agreement entr6een vigueurd'un accord

 - 76 -

effectsmethod[project appraisal] m6thodedes effets

efficiencyprice; economicprice prix economique

efficiencyprice; efficient price; coOt marginal&long terme

long-run marginal cost - LRMC
[electricitytariffs]

efficiencywage, eamings salaireeconomique

Egyptianmillet; Egyptianwheatsee millet

18%currency[MOV] monnaiedes 18 %

18%currencyamountsout on loan fractions pret6eset non remboursees

[MOVY de la monnaiedes 18 %

elasticityof demand 61asticMte

de la demande

elasticityof substitution 6lasticitMde substitution

[see also constantelasticityof substitution]

elastic money monnaie6lastique

electronicfunds transfer- EFT transfertde fonds 6lectronique

eligibility;eligibilityconditions
admissibliite;recevabilitb;
conditionsa remplir;criteres
de provenance[passationdes march6s];
crit&res(d'attribution,de selection,
d'acces,d'octroi, etc.)

eligiblecurrency monnaieagrMe

eligible paper effetsbancables

emergencyassistance secoursd'urgence

emergencyreconstructionloan - ERL pret a la reconstruction

EmergingMarketsGrowthFund - EMGF Fondsde promotiondes marchesnaissants

[IFC]

eminentdomain domaineeminent;droit d'expropriation

enablinglegislation loi portantautorisation;autorisation

l6gislative

encashment[IDA] realisationdes bons

 - 77-

enclaveproject projetenclave

encroachment d6frichage
(illiciteenforet);
empietement; progression (dudesert);
envahissement
enduse (ofa commodity) utilisation
finale

energy

energysee alsoalternative
energy;biomassenergy;commercial
energy;constantenergyintensity;
conventional
energy;netenergyratio;optimalenergymix

energyaffiliate filiale6nergie

energyassessment evaluation
du secteur6nergetique

energyaudit bilanenerg6tique;
auditenergetique

energybalance bilanenerg6tique

energycascading utilisation
sequentielle
d'energie
energyconservation economies d'6nergie;
rationnelle
utilisation de l'energie
energycropping culturesenergetiques

energy-efficient a bon rendement

energetique

energygap deficit6nerg6tique
energy-intensive a forteintensited'energie;gros
consommateur d'energie
energylending pretsa l'energie
energyrationalization mattrisede l'energie

energy-saving
device economiseur
(d'energie)

EnergySectorAssessment Programmed'evaluation
du secteur
Programme [IBRD/UNDP1 energetique
EnergySectorManagement Programme conjointPNUD/Banque mondiale
Assistance
Programme- ESMAP d'assistance
a la gestiondu secteur
[IBRD/UNDP] energ6tique- ESMAP

engineerseecivilengineer;highways
engineer;
waterengineer
 -78-

engineeredroad route en terre moderne;route a

caract6ristiquesetudi6es,6levees

engineering

engineeringsee also design;design engineering;detaileddesign,engineering;environmentalengineering;

financialengineering;heavy (engineering)industry;preliminarydesign,engineering

engineeringconsultant ingAenieur-conseil

engineeringdepartment servicetechnique

engineeringdesign dossiertechnique;6tude d'ingenierie;

plan d'ing6nierie;projet d'ingenierie

engineeringdevelopment conception,miseau point technique

engineeringindustry Industriesmecaniques

engineering,preliminarysee preliminarydesign,engineering

engineeringstudies avant-projet;etudestechniques;
etudesd'ingenierie

enhancedrecovery[oil] recup6rationassist6e,amelior6e

enrollmentratio taux d'inscription;taux de scolarisation

[seealso gross (primary)enrollmentratio]

enrollments effectifs;inscriptions;nombred'inscrits

entrance,access,leadingchannel; chenald'acces
fairway

entrep6ttrade commercede transit; commerceen entrep6t

entrepreneur chefd'entreprise;entrepreneur

entrepreneurship espritd'entreprise

entriessee accountingentries

environmentalengineering amrnagementde l'environnement

environmentalhealth,sanitation hygienedu milieu;salubritedu milieu;

assainissement du milieu

environmentalimpact assessment 6valuationdes effetssur l'environnement

 - 79 -

epidemicdisease[livestock] 6pizootie

equalization(of currencyfluctuation 6galisation, repartitionequitable(des

risks) [currencypool] risques)

equalizationfund caisse,fondsde p6r6quation

equalizingdiscountrate; crossover tauxd'indiff6rence;taux d'egalisationdes

discountrate valeursactuelles;taux d'actualisation
critique

equalizingrate of return taux de rentabilited'indifference

equilibratingcapitalflow flux de capitauxcompensateurs

equilibriumexchangerate taux de changed'equilibre

equilibriumincome revenus(en situationd') 6quilibre

equillbriummodelsee computablegeneralequilibriummodel

equipment materiel;engins;6quipement;outillage

equipmentgrant subventiond'6quipement

equity

equity fondspropres;valeurnette;
patrimoine;prisede participation;
capitauxpropres;capitalsocial;
6quitM[ustice sociale]
[see also capital;cash equity; non-equitydirect Investment;no-returnequity; quasi-equity;real estateequity;
returnon equity; stockholders'equity]

equity [stock exchange];common actionordinaire

share,stock; ordinaryshare

equity capital;capitalstock capitalsocial

(of a corporation)

equityfeature [IFC] optionde conversion(d'un pret en

participationau capital) [SFI]

equity investment participationau capital;prisede

participationau capitalsocial

equity grant dotationen capital

equity Interests prisesde participation

 - 80 -

equity-likeinstrument instrumentparticipatif

equity line [IFC] ouverturede cr6dits pour la prisede

participations

equity loan pret sousforme de prisede

participation;pret participatif

equity ownership participationau capital sociald'une

societe

(owners')equity plus medium-and capitauxpermanents;fonds permanents;

long-termdebt; investmentcapital; ressourcespermanentes,stables;
investedcapital;capital parfols: capitalsocial

equity ratio ratio capitauxpropres/actifs

equitysubscription[IFC] souscriptionau capital [SFI]

equity-typeloan pret participatif

equityunderwriting engagementde prisede participation

escalationsee price escalationclause;tariff escalation

escalationclause[prices] clausede revision(des prix)

escalatorclause;escalationclause; clausede revisiondes prix

price adjustmentclause[contracts]

escalatorclause[wages] claused'indexation;clause
d'6chellemobile

escape,break,jeopardyclause clausede sauvegarde

escrowaccount comptede garantiebloque

estimatesof quantitiessee preliminaryestimatesof quantities

Eurobonds euro-obligations

Eurocurrencymarket marchedes euromonnaies,des eurodevises

Eurodollars eurodollars

Euroissues euro-emissions

EuropeanCurrencyUnit - ECU unit6 mon6taireeuropeenne- ECU

 - 81 -

Europeanflotations emissionslanceesen Europe

EuropeanUnit of Account- EUA unft6de compte europeenne- UCE

Eurosterling eurosterling

evacuationroad pistede debardage[forOti;vole

d'acheminement,d'6coulement[betail,
marchandises]

evaluatedportfolio [IFC] valeurestimativedu portefeuille

EvaluationCapabilityDevelopment programmede developpementdes capacit6s

Program[IBRD] d'6valuationretrospective

evaluation[projects] evaluationretrospective

evaluationmission;audit mission missiond'6valuationr6trospective

evidence[ICSID] preuve;moyende preuve

examinationof bids examendes offres; depouillementdes

offres

examination(of witnessesor interrogation

experts)[ICSID]

examinersee bank examiner

ex ante analysis analyseex ante

ex ante financinggap insuffisancede financementex ante

ex ante real interestrate taux d'int6retreel ex ante

excellencecenter [education] centre d'excellence;centre d'6tudes

avancees

excesscapacity capaciteexc6dentaire,inutilis6e

excessprofit rente
[economicsnot finance]

exchange

exchangesee also foreignexchange

exchangeadjustment ajustementde change

 - 82 -

exchangeallocation allocationde change

exchangearbitrage arbitragede change

exchangebudget budget de devises

exchangecontrol contr6ledes changes

exchangecontrol regulations r6glementationdes changes

exchangecost coOten devises

exchangediscount perte au change;pertede change

exchangeequalizationaccount compted'egalisation,de perequation

des changes

exchangemarketsee foreign exchangemarket

exchangepremium ben6ficeau change;plus-valuede change

exchangeratedifferential differentielde change;6cart entre

taux de change

exchangerate policy politiquede change

exchangerisk risquede change

exchangestabilizationfund fonds de stabilisationdes changes;

partfois: caissede stabilisationdes
changes

exchangesystem r6gimedes changes

excisetax imp6t Indirect;droit de consommation;

droftd'accise; droit d'excise

exclusiveeconomiczone - EEZ zone de souveraineteeconomique

executean agreement signerun accord

executingagency [UNDP] agent d'excution; organisation

chargeede l'execution(d'un programme)

executive

executive cadre de direction; cadre superieur

ExecutiveBoardsee Boardof (Executive)Directors

 - 83 -

ExecutiveDirector Administrateur

executiveoffices Bureaudu President

executiveprojectsummary- EPS r6sum6analytiqued'un projet

[IBRD]

executivesummary r6sum6analytique

ex factory price; priceex factory; prix sortie usine;prix d6part usine

factorygate price

exhaustionof local administrative epuisementdes recours

or juridical remedies[ICSID] administratifsou judiciaires
internes

exit bond bon de sortie

exit value; currentexit value; valeuractuelle;valeurvenale

net realizablevalue [UK]
[accounting]

ex-officio[ICSID] de pleindrolt; es-qualite

expansionarypolicy politiqued'expansion

expatriate expatrie

expatriatebenefits[WorldBank] prestatlonsd'expatrlatlon

expectation[mathematics]see expectedvalue

expectedvalue;expectation; esperancemath6matique
mathematicalexpectation[mathematics]

expendableequipment materielconsomptible,fongible,
non durable

expense,to; to write down amortirde facon d6gressive;inscriredans

un comptede charge;d6biter,crediter
un comptede charge

expenseaccount comptede charge

expertappraisal expertise

expertise competences;connaissancestechniques,
sp6clalis6es;technicit6;
parfols: experts
 -84 -

explanatoryvariable;predictor variableexplicative

exploration exploration[p6trole];prospection

exploratorydrilling forage exploratoire

exploratorymission missiond'etude

exploratoryresearch rechercheexploratoire

export

export adjustmentloan - EAL pret a l'ajustementdes exportations

export and export-related industriestravaillantdirectementou

industries indirectementpour l'exportation;
industriesd'exportationat assimilees

export credit credit & l'exportation

export developmentfund - EDF fonds de developpementdes

exportations
- FDE

export earnings,proceeds recettesd'exportation;produit

des exportations

export-enclaveeconomy economietributaired'un seul produit

d'exportation

export-oriented a vocationexportatrice

export-orientedinvestment porteurd'exportations- IPEX

investissement

export parityprice prix paritairea l'exportation

export processingzone - EPZ zonefrancheindustrielle;zonefranchede

transformationpour l'exportation

export rehabilitationproject projet de relancedes exportations

- ERP[IBRD]

export-relatedindustriessee exportand export-relatedindustries

export shortfall deficit (des recettes)d'exportation

export subsidy prime a l'exportation

ex post cofinancing cofinancement'apr&s coup"

 - 85 -

expostevaluation evaluation
ex post

ex postrealinterestrate tauxd'interetr6elex post

exposure engagement; risque;partdesrisques;

partde financement maximale;
montantsengag6s;
pourla SFIsouvent:participation;
volumedesInvestissements
[seealsobankexposure;countryexposure]

exposure
diversification diversification
des risques;division
desrisques

extended
family famille6largie
extended
linearexpenditure
system- systemelineairede d6penses
developpe
ELES[mathematicalmodels]

extendedpaymentplan ventea temperament

extender[gasoline] charge;diluant

extension

extension prolongation
[contrats];reconduction
[programmes]
extension
[agriculture] vulgarisation;
encadrement

extension[building] agrandissement;
locauxsupplementaires;
extension
extension
agent,worker agentde vulgarisation;
vulgarisateur;
encadreur;
animateur rural;moniteur
[seealsofield-levelextension
worker]
extensionofficer inspecteur,
responsable
de la
vulgarisation
[seealso agricultural
extension
officer]

external
external(transactions)
account compteexterTeur; comptedes operations
avecl'exterieur;compterestedu monde
externalaudit v6rificatTon
externedescomptes

externalauditor verHicateur
externedescomptes
 -86-

externalbond Issue 6missionobligataireexterieure,des

obligationsexterieures

externaldebt outstanding encoursde la dette ext6rieure

externaldebt reportingsystem systemede notificationde la dette

exterieure

externalliabilitles engagementsext6rieurs

external(payment)position positiondes palementsexterieurs

externalreviewmission missionde contr6leext6rieur

externaltransactionsaccountsee externalaccount

externalities[projects] effetsextemes;effetsinduits [projets]

externalitiesand linkages[projects] effetsexterneset induits

extraordinarybudgetsee specialbudget
 - 87 -

-F-

face value valeurnominale

facilitiessee educationfacilities

facility m6canisme;Installation;ouvrage;
dispositf; 6quipement(s)

factor

factorcost,at (f.c.) au coOtdesfacteurs

factor income revenu,r6munbrationdes facteurs

factor income payments palementsau titre du revenudes facteurs

factor price prix des facteurs

factoring affacturage

factoryfarming productionindustrielle

factorygate price; ex factory price prix sortie usine;prix depart usine

fairwaysee entrancechannel,fairway

fallacyof composition erreurde composition;erreurde

gbneralisation

familyplanning planningfamilial;planification
de la famille

familywoodlot bosquetfamilial

FAO/IBRDCooperativeProgram Programmede coopbrationFAO/BIRD

FAO/UNIDO/Wordd
BankWorkingGroup on Groupede travailsur les engrais
Fertilizers FAO/ONUDI/Banquemondiale

farm

farm exploitationagricole

farm budget budgetd'une exploitation

farm gate price prix a la production,au producteur

 -88-

farm Income revenuagricole

farmer paysan;agriculteur;cultivateur;
planteur;exploitantagricole;
producteuragricole

farmingsystem systbmed'exploitation;mode de
faire-valoir

farmingsystemsresearch- FSR recherchesur les systemesagraires

farmingtechniques m6thodes,pratiquesculturales

farmingunit exploitationagricole;unite de
productionagricole

fast disbursing(loan);quick (pret a) d6caissmentrapide

disbursingloan

fattening engraissement;embouche

feasibilitystudy 6tudede faisabilite,factibilite

fecundity fertilit6

Federalfunds fondsf6d6raux

fee(s) commission(p.ex.banques);droit;
redevance;frais; r6muneration;
retribution;honoraires;tantieme;
cotisation
[see also backupfacility fee; commitmentcharge,fee; cost plus fixed fee contract; cost plus percentagefee
contract;front-endfee; guaranteecommission,fee; harbordues,fees; managementfee; percentage(fee)
contract; registrationfee; serviceand supportfee; slaughterhousefee; stumpagefee; tuition fees; usercharges,
fees; zero fee policy]

fee-basedservices servicespayants

fee for lodging requests[ICSID] droit pour le dep6t

des requetes

feed

feed alimentsdu bWtail

[see also mixedfeeds; supplementalfeed]

feed balance;feed estimate bilanfourrager

feed conversionratio indicede consommation

 -89 -

feedestimatewsefeedbalance
feedgrains cereales
fourrageres

feedlot parcd'engraissement;
atelier
d'engraissement;
pr6d'embouche

feedsupplement;
supplement aiimentscompi6mentaires

feedunit unitefourragbre

feedback(of information) Information en retour;retroaction;

diffusionen
retourd'informadion;
retour;r6troinformation;r6utilisation
desdonnees
feedbackloop chalnede retroaction

feederroad routed'accbs;pisteagricole,rurale;
pistede production,de collecte;
routede desserte

feedstock matierepremiere
de procede

fellowJEDI] ancienparticipant
ferry bac;naviretransbordeur

fertilityrate taux,indicede fecondite

fertilization fecondation; fumure;apport(s)d'engrais;
amendement
fertilisation;

fertilizerapplication desengrais
epandage
fertilizerunit;unitof fertilizer unitefertilisante
fibercrop plantetextile

field
field terrain;champ;domaine;secteur;
gite
discipline;gisement;
[see also coalfield]
fieldagent agentde terrain

fieldassignment,
mission missiona 1'exterieur,surle terrain
 -90

field crop culturede pleinchamp

field-levelextensionworker agent de vulgarisatlontravaillant

sur le terrain

field missionsee field assignment

field office bureauext6rieur

field seeds semencesde piein champ

field staff servicesext6rieurs[pourune

organisation];personnelde terrain;
agentsde terrain [pour un projet]

field trip voyage d'6tude;depiacement

sur le terrain;mission

field unit [agricultural antenne

extension]

field work travailsur les lieux,sur le

terrain,sur place

field worker agent de terrain;animateur

filing claims [MIGA] constitutiondu dossierd'indemnisation

fill ratio [staff] taux de remplissage

final design projet d'ex6cution;plan definitif

final design quantities devismetres

final goods biensterminaux,finals

finance,financial,full pay out lease contrat de location-financement;

credft-baill

financial

financialadjustment ajustement,redressement,assainissement
financier

financialaudit;audit contr6lefinancier

financialclaim creance(financilre)

financialclaimsof government prelevementde l'Etat sur les ressources

 - 91 -

financialcontingency ai6asfinanciers

financialcredit creilt financier;cr6ditacheteur

financialdeepening augmentation de l'importance

des
circuitsfinanciers

financialengineering ing6nlerle
flnanciere

financialflows fluxfinanciers

financialfuturesmarket march6a termed'instruments

financiers

financialintermediary
Loan- FIL preta un interm6diaire
financier

financialinternalrateof returnseefinancialrateof return

financialleasesee financelease

financialleverage
seeleverage
financialmarket marchedescapitaux[Alongterme];
parfois: marchefinancier
financialpackage plande financement;
montagefinancier;
enveloppe
financialpaper effet(s)financier(s);
papierfinancier

financialperformance,
results resultats
financiers;bilanfinancier
financial,financingplan plande financement

financialrateof return; tauxde rentabilit6

financibre
internalrateof financial
return;financialinternalrateof
return- FIRR

financialratio ratiofinancier
financialrepression financiere
r6pression

financialrestraint,stringency aust6rit6
financiere;
compression;
parfois: resserrement
du credit
financialstatement etatfinancier;situationfinanci6re

financialyearsee fiscalyear
 -92-

financilzation financialisation

financingplansee financialplan

fineness(of a noble metal) titre (d'un m6talpr6cieux)

finetuning (of the economy) reglagede preclsion,conjoncturel

finishing engraissement;embouchelbovins]; finissage

[bols; cuir; papier; plastiques];appret;
ennoblissement; fintion [textile]; raccord
[fonderie]

firebreak pare-feu;coupe-feu

firewoodsee fuelwood

first In, first out - FIFO premierentre, premiersorti

first refusalrights; preemptiverights droitsde pr6emption

fiscal

fiscal agent agentfinancier

fiscal balance solde budgetaire

fiscaldrag erosionfiscaledes revenus;freinage

fiscal; alourdissementautomatiquede la
pressionfiscale

fiscal leverage levierfiscal, budg6taire

fiscal policy politiquefinanciere;politique

budg6taire;[financespubliques]
parfois: politiquefiscale

fiscal revenue recettesfinancieres,budgetaires,fiscales

fiscal transparency transparencefiscale

fiscalyear; financialyear exercicelentreprise];

ann6ebudgetaire[pays]

fishinggrounds lieux de peche;fonds de peche

fish landingssee landings

 - 93 -

fish products produitsa basede poisson,derivesdu

poisson

fish stock ressources,r6serveshalleutiques

fve day biochemicaloxygendemandsee biochemicaloxygendemandover five days

fixed

fixed asset(s);capitalasset(s); immobilisations;immobilisationscorporelles

permanentassets

fixed capital;capitalasset(s) capitalflxe

fixed charge coverage couverturedesfrais fixes

fixed cost contract;fixed price marchea prix forfaitaire;marchea

contract forfait

fiTxedcosts frais, coOtsfixes

fixed investment investissementen capitalfixe;

immobilisation

fixed pricecontractsee fixed cost contract

fixed-ratefinancing financementa tauxfixe

fixed term contract contrat de dureedetermin6e

fixed term staff personnelengagepour une dur6e

d6termin6e

fixed variate;predictor variableexplicative

fixing see price fixing

fixtures petit mat6riel

flag of convenience;open registry pavilionde complaisance

flag

flat rate taux unHforme,forfaitaire;tarif

uniforme,forfaTtaire

flatteningout nivellement;stabilisation;
aplatissement(de la courbe
d'un graphique)
 - 94 -

fleet [transportation] parc (de vehicules)

flexitime horairea la carte,variable,souple

flip chart tableaumobile;fiche mobile;

tableau-papier

float [banking] moyensde palementa l'encaissement;

[see also interbankfloat] moyensde palementnon recouvres;
fonds de roulement

float a loan 6mettreun emprunt

floating

floatingcapital capitauxmobiles,disponibles,flottants

floatingcash reserve volant de tresorerie

floating rate taux flottant,variable

floating rate bond obligationa taux flottant; obligation

Ataux variable- OTV

floating rate note bon a taux flottant; bon a taux r6visable

floating rice riz flottant

flood

flood control d6fensecontre les inondations;hydraulique

fluviale;maltrisedes crues

flood control irrigation irrigationpar submersioncontrole

flood irrigation;spateirrigation irrigationpar inondation

flood recessioncrop culturede d6crue

flooded rice riz aquatique

flooding see controlledflooding

floodplain plained'inondation

floodplainagriculture,cultivation agriculturede decrue

floor price prix plancher;prix minimum

 - 95 -

floor rate of exchange taux butoir; taux de changeminimum;

flotation [bonds] emission

flotationcosts [bonds] fraisd'emission

flow flux; mouvement;d6bit [transports]

[see also capitalflow; capitalinflow;cashflow; cash Inflows;concessionalflow; discountedcash flow;
equilibratingcapitalflow; financialflows; fundsflows; IDAflows; Inflowof capital;nonconcessional
flows; official
flows; other officialflows]

flow chart; processchart graphiquede procede;analyse

de deroulement;graphiquedynamique;
diagrammede circulation;plan de
circulation;graphiqueoperationnel;schema
op6rationnel;diagrammede flux

flow of fundssee funds flow

flows (throughsystem);throughput nombred'6l1vespassantpar le systeme

[education] scolaire

fluidizedbed combustion combustionen couche fluidis6e

foddertree arbrefourrager

follow-up

follow-up suivi;activit6scomplementaires;
suitea donner

follow-upfinancing financementcompl6mentaire

follow-upproject projet relais

follow-upstudies etudescomplementaires

food

food chain chalnealimentaire

food crop culturevivribre

food crop yield productivit6vivribre

food demandprogram programmed'aide alimentaire

food-for-workprogramme programme"vivrescontre travail"

 - 96 -

food grains cer6alesvivrieres

food intake ration alimentaire

food levels niveauxde nutrition

food plant plantealimentaire

Food Price Index[IBRD] indicedes prix des produitsalimentaires

food processingindustry industriealimentaire

food production productionalimentaire,

vivriere

food ration program programmede rationsalimentaires

food security securit6alimentaire

footloose industry industriedelocalis6e,mobile,volante

forage tree arbrefourrager

forage unit unitefourragere- UF

force account, by/on en regie

forced sale value;liquidationvalue valeura casser;valeur& la casse;

valeurde liquidation

forced savings epargneforc6e

foreclosure saisie

foregonesee forgone

foreign

foreign accounts[national comptesext6rieurs

accountsl

foreign assets avoirs& l'etranger;avoirs

exterieurs

foreign borrowing emprunta l'etranger;empruntexterieur

foreign capital (official, capitauxetrangers,exterieurs

private) (publics,prhves)
 - 97 -

foreigncurrency etrangere
devise;monnaie

foreigncurrencyissue en devises
emission

Advisory
ForeignInvestment pourl'investissement
Service-conseil
Service- FIAS [IFC] 6tranger- FIAS

foreignliabilities exterieurs
engagements

foreign-owned souscontr6le6tranger

foreigntax credit cr6ditd'imp6t6tranger;imputation

de l'imp6tetranger

foreigntrade exteieur
commerce

foreignexchange

auction
foreignexchange desdevises
adjudication

component
foreignexchange endevises
composante

cost
foreignexchange coOten devises

market
foreignexchange desdevises
march6des changes,
foreignexchange
position positionde change

foreignexchange
premium report

foreignexchange
reserves de change,en devises
reserves

foreignexchange
resources endevises
ressources

risk
foreignexchange risquede change

foreman contremattre
[seealso headforeman;siteforeman]
forest

forestfallow jachbreforestiere
forestlogging desforets
exploitation

forestmanagement forestier
am6nagement

foresttree arbreforestier
 - 98 -

forestrysee socialforestry

forestryinventory forestier
inventaire

forfaiting forfaitage

(ofa debt)
forgiveness remise
annulation;

forgiventax remised'imp6t

forgoneoutput sacrifi6e
production

forgonerevenues Ades recettes

renonciation

formal

formaladherence adhesionofficielle

formalcredit cr6ditinstitutionnalise

formaleducation enseignement theorique,

institutionnalis6,
formel,de typescolaire,de typeclassique

formalsector secteurstructure,moderne

formalvote [ICSID] voteformel

format modele
(modede) pr6sentation;

organization
formationexpenses; fraisde premieretablissement
expenses

forward
forwardcover Aterme
couverture
forwardexchangemarket marchedes changesA terme

forwardexchangerate tauxde changeA terme

forwardintegration integration
en aval

forwardlinkageof an industry liaisonsenavald'uneindustrie;

enavald'uneindustrie
integration

forward-looking prospectif;
axesurl'avenir
fossilfuel combustible
fossile
 -99-

foundationseed semencemere;semencede base

founder'sshare partde fondateur;part ben6ficiaire

four-wheeldrive vehicle v6hiculea quatreroues motrices;

v6hiculetout terrain

frameagreement[IBRD] accord cadre

frameworkcooperativearrangement accord cadre de cooperation

[MIGA]

franchise concession

franchisetax imp&tsur les concessions

free

freealongsideship - FAS franco long du bord - FLB

free-enterpriseeconomy;free economiede marchs

marketeconomy

free (foreign)exchange monnaleslibrementconvertibles;

changelibre

free funds [IDA] fonds librementutilisables

free in and out - fio de bord a bord

free limit [IBRD] plafonddes prets librementaccordes

free-limitloan [DFCs] pret librementaccord6 [SFD]

free-limitloans,aggregateof montanttotal des prOtslibrementaccordbs

free limit of loan [DFCs] plafondde chaqueprst

librementaccords [SFD]

free-limitsubloan pret secondairelibrementaccord6

free marketeconomysee free entrepriseeconomy

free on board - FOB,fob franco a bord - f.o.b.

free on board (fob) port of prix franco a bord port d'embarquement

shipmentprice
 -100-

free on quay- foq; free on wharf franco qua!

- fow

free on rail - FOR franco wagon

free port port franc

free reserves reservesdisponibles

free rider [economics] resquilleur;profiteur

free standing;self-contained ind6pendant;a part entiere,

autonome,purementou exclusivement
(sanitaire,p.ex.)

freetrade libre-echange

freetrade area zone de libre-echange

freetrade zone- FTZ zone franche

freeze (of salaries,prices,etc.) blocage

[see also pricefreeze;wage freeze]

freezedrying lyophilisation

freezingsee valuefreezing

fresh fruit bunch - FFB r6gimede fruits frais

fresh water eau douce

frictionalunemployment ch6magefrictionnel

fringe areas zones periph6riques,marginales;domaines

marginaux

fringe benefits avantagessoclaux,compl6mentaires;

prestationssociales,complementaires;
compliment de salaire

front-endcost coOtinitial

front-endfee commissiond'ouverture

frontier technology technologiede pointe

front-endprepaymentfee [IFC] commissioninitialede remboursement

anticipe
 - 101 -

front-linecare [health] soinscuratifsprimaires

front loading;front-loaded concentrationdes d6penses,des

(e.g.spending) remboursements au d6but d'une periode
donnee;groupementdes d6penses,des
remboursements au debut d'une periode
donn6e

frozencapital capitauxgelis, bloqu6s,immobilises

fruit vegetable legumeA fruit

fuel cell pile A combustible

fuel efficiency efficacit66nergetique;rendement

energetique

fuel oil fuel-oil;fuel; mazout;huileslourdes;

fioul

fuelwood;firewood bois de feu

full

full budgeting budgetisationintegrale

full containerload - FCL chargementcompletde conteneur

full cost accounting;absorption m6thodedu prix de revientcomplet

accounting

full development,at [project] en regimede croislere;A plein

rendement;A maturite

full mission missionpluridisciplinaire

full pay out lease;finance lease contratde location-financement;

cr6dit-bail

fully funded system r6gimefond6 sur la capitalisation

fully paid stock; paid-upstock action llber6e

functionalliteracy alphabetisationfonctionnelle

funded debt dette consolld6e;dette obligataire

[de la Banquemondiale]

fundinggap d6flcitde financement

 - 102 -

funding lat(t)ermaturities financementdes dernieres6cheances

fundingpro rata participationproportionnelle

funds

fundsflow; flow of funds flux financiers

fundsflow account tableaudes operationsfinancieres- tof

funds flow analysis analysedes flux financiers

funds flow statement;statementof tableaude financement;tableaudes flux

changein financialposition

fundsfrom operations recettesd'exploitation

funds-in-trust fonds en dep6t

funds statement;statementof tableaude financement;tableaudes flux

changein financialposition

fungible interchangeable[personnel];
modifiable;flexible;facilea
utiliser;fongible [produit]

funk money[UK]; hot money capitauxfebriles

furrow irrigation irrigationpar sillons, infiltration,

par foss6s

futures Instrumentsa terme

futures market march6a termedes instrumentsfinanciers

- MATIF
 - 103 -

-G -

gallopinginflation Inflation
galopante

gamesee management
game;negativesumgame;plussumgame;zerosumgame

gang[construction
industry] equipe

gap deflcit;Acart;hiatus;penurie;
fosse(entrelesg6nerations)
gasohol gasohol;carburol

gearing(ratio)[UK];leverage
(ratio) ratiode levier;ratiode structuredu
passff;ratiode solvabilite-endettement
gearingratio rapportencoursdes prets/fonds
propres;coefficient
d'utilisation
desfondspropres
general

GeneralAlgebraicModelingSystem Systemede mod6lisation

algebrique
- GAMS general

GeneralCapitalIncrease
- GCI augmentation
generaledu capital
generalcargo marchandises
diverses

generalconditionsof contract cahierdes clausesg6nerales

generalcontractor entrepreneur
general
generalequilibrium
analysis analysede l'equilibreg6neral
generalequilibrium
modelsee computable
generalequilibrium
model
generalgovernment
[national administrations
publiques
accounts]

generalledger[accounting] grandlivre
generalpricelevelaccounting; comptabilite
Index6esurle niveau
pricelevelaccounting gen6raldesprix
 -104-

generalprocurementnotice avis generaide passationde march6

Genera Reserve(s)[IBRD] Rsserveghnbrale

GeneralizedSystemof Preferences systemeg6nkralisMde pref6rences- SGP;

- GSP schemade pr6f6rence[pour un pays]

generatedtraffic trafic hiduit

generatingset, unit; power unit groupe6iectrogene

generationsee Incomegeneration

genericdrug produit pharmaceutiqueg6nerique

geothermaldeposit site g6othermique

germpiasm plasmegerminatif

gestationperiod periodede gestation,d'installation,de

maturation

gigawatt- GW gigawatt

gilt-edgedsecurities valeursde premierordre;fonds d'Etat

britanniques;valeursgarantiespar i'Etat

ginning[cotton] egrenage

GlobalCap Authority [IFC] pouvoirglobalde cap; montanttotal des

caps autoris6s

globalization mondialisation

global project [UNDPJ projet mondial

GlobalSwap Authority[IFC] pouvoirglobal de swap; montanttotal

des swapsautorises

GNPprice deflator indicede prix implicitedu PNB;

indicedes prix derivedu PNB

going concern entrepriseviable,rentable

going price cours du jour; prix en vigueur;prix

courant

gold hoidings avoirsen or

 - 105-

gold-peggedcurrency monnalerattach6ea l'or

gold value valeuror

goods and services biens et services[6conomie];

fournitureset services[marchesl

goodwill clientele;fonds de commerce

goodwillclause clausede bonnevolonte

go public [corporations] 6mettredes actionsdans le public;

faire appela l'epargnepublique

governinglaw droit applicable

government

government Etat; servicesofficiels;

autorites;pouvoirspublics;
Gouvernement; Administration;
collectivitelocale [au niveaulocal]

governmentbond obligationd'Etat

governmentexpenditure depensespubliques

governmentpaper effetspublics

govemmentperformance action du gouvemement

governmentreceipts,revenues recettespubliques

governmentsecurities fondsd'Etat;titres d'Etat; effets

publics

governmentservices administration

grace period differ6d'amortissement;franchisede

remboursement;d6lai de grace

grade creep inflationdes grades;mouvement

ascendantdes postes

grader [construction] niveleuse

grade ratio; retentionrate tauxde retention

gradient declivite;pente
 - 106 -

gradingsee land grading

graduate

graduate[Bank,IDA] passerdu statut IDA"au statut

"Banque"; ne plus pouvoir beneficier
du financementde la Banque;etre reclasse

graduate[high school] bachelier

graduate[university] dipl6m6; licencie

graduatestudies etudesuniversitairesdu troisiemecycle

graduatedtax imp6t progressif

graduation[IBRD] cessationdes prets (de la BIRD);

reclassement

graduationmission[IBRD] missionde reclassement

grandfatherclause clausede maintiendes avantagesacquis;

claused'anteriorite

grant

grant basis,on a a titre gracieux;a titre de don;

Afonds perdus

grant element e6lmentde subvention,de liberalit;

elementdon

grant equivalent 6quivalentdon

grant-in-aid subvention

grant-likecontribution contributionassimilable& un don

grassland prairie;herbages

grass root, greenfieldplant usineentierementnouvelle

grassroot(s)level,at the a la base;au niveaude la communaute;

au niveaulocal

gravellng;regraveling rechargement
 -107 -

gravelroad routeen graveleux;

routeen lat6rite[en
Afrique]
[seealsoearthor gravelroad]

gravitycheckIrrigation;
strip irrigationpar planches,
a la planche,par
irrigation calants,au calant

gravityirrigation Irrigationpargravkte

graymarketsee greymarket

greenfield
investment investissement
"en rasecampagne"

greenfield
plant;grassrootplant usineentierement
nouvelle

greenfield
project projetentierement
nouveau

greenmanure engraisverts

grey,graymarket march6gris

grid r6seau6lectrique; reseaude

distribution[gaz,etc.];
quadrillage; grille
[seealso powergrid]
gross

grossdisposable
income revenudisponible
brut- RDB

grossdomesticincome- GDY revenuint6rieurbrut

grossdomesticinvestment
- GDI investissement
int6rieurbrut
gross domesticproduct- GDP produit interieurbrut - PIB
[seealsocommercial,
commercialized
GDP;monetized
GDP]
grossdomesticproductat factor produitint6rieurbrutau coutdes
cost facteurs
grossdomesticproductat market produitinterieurbrutaux prixdu
prices marche
grossenrollment
ratioseegross(primary)enrollment
ratio

grossfixedcapitalexpenditure
seegrossfixedinvestments

grossfixedcapitalformation formationbrutede capitalfixe- FBCF

- GFCF
 - 108 -

gross
grossfixedInvestments; investissement
bruten capital
fixedcapitalexpenditure fixe

grossmaterialproduct- GMP produitmaterielbrut

grossnationalIncome- GNY revenunationalbrut

gross nationalInvestment- GNI investissement

nationalbrut - INB

gross nationalproduct- GNP produit nationalbrut - PNB

grossoperatingprofit b6n6ficebrutd'exploitation

gross(primary)enrollment
ratio tauxbrutde scolarisation
primaire

gross(register)
tonnage- GRT jaugebrute
[shipping]
groundwater
table nappephr6atique,
souterraine

groundwire[electricity] cablede garde

Groupof Seventy-Seven Groupedessoixante-dix-sept

Groupof Twenty-Four Groupedesvingt-quatre

growingconcern entreprise
en pleinessor,dynamique
growthlag d6calagede croissance
(entredeuxpays)

growthpattern courbe,profil,sc6nariode croissance

guarantee
guarantee garantie;cautionnement;
sOret6;
aval;
gage;cautionbancaire;ben6ficiaire
de la garantie
guarantee
authority pouvoirde garantie
guarantee
commission,
fee [IBRD] commission
de garantie

guarantee
leverage effetde levierdesgaranties

guaranteed
loan[IFC] pretprivil6gie[SFI]
Guaranteed
Recovery
of Investment Garantie
de recouvrement
de I'apport
Principal- GRIP[IFC] des investisseurs- GRAI
 - 109-

guidancesee educational vocational

guidance; guidance

guidanceplanning;Indicativeplanning Indicative
planHifcatlon
guidelines directives;
principesdirecteurs;
sch6ma directeur
guidingprice prix indicatH
 - 110 -

- H-

halfwaycountry pays moyennementlndustrialise

hand over the site to donneracces au chantier

the contractor

handle,to [goods, transportation] acheminer;recevoir;receptionner;

manutentlonner;manipuler;transporter;
accueillir

handlessee tax handles

handlingcharges frais de manutention;frais de tenue

de comptes

hand pump pompe A motricite humaine;pompe manuelle;

pompeA main

harbordues,fees; port dues droits de port

hard

hard-blendcountries pays recevantplus de prets (de la BIRD)que

de credits (de l'IDA)

hard coal; anthracite charbonmaigre

hard component[projects] elementmat6riel[projets]

hard copy sortieimprimAe

hard core [internationaltrade] noyau;restrictionsresiduelles

hard core [projects] noyaugaranti;noyauirreductible

hard currency monnaie,deviseforte

hard loan pret aux conditions

commerciales,du marche

hard loanwindow guichetd'aide non liberale

hardeningof loanterms durcissementdes conditionsde pret

hardshipallowance indemnlt6de difficulted'existence,

de p6nibilite
 - 111 -

hardware materiel[informatiquel;installationset
mat6riel;constructionset 6quipements

harmonicmean [statistics] moyenneharmonique

harnessing canalisation;captage

head foreman conducteurde travaux

head gate structure[irrigation] ouvragede tete

head hunting prospectionde talents

headrace[hydroelectricity] bief d'amont

headroom[WorldBank] margede decaissement

headtax; poll tax imp6t de capitation;parfois: imp6t

personnel;imp6t minimal
forfaitaire[France]

health

healthdeliverysystem systbmede soins;systbmede prestationde

soins;organisationdes soinsprimaires

healthfacilities formationssanitaires[Afrique]

healthhazard risquepour la sant6

healthpost postede sant6

healthservicesmonitoring rechercheoperationnellesur les

servicesde sant6

heatingoil fuel-oildomestique;fuel domestique

heat rate rendementthermique

heatvalue pouvoircalorifique

heavilyindebtedcountry pays trbs endett6

heavy

heavy commodities pondereux

heavy(engineering)Industry industrielourde
 - 112 -

heavyfuel oil fuel-oillourd

heavyindustry industrielourde

heavyoil huile lourde

hedge

hedge [securitiesmarket] valeurde refuge

hedgebuying achatde couverture

hedgeclause clausede sauvegarde

hedgeselling ventede couverture

hedging hedging;couverturedes operationsa terme;

couverturede risques

held portfolio [IFC] ponefeuille(de la SFI)

hidden

hiddenInflation inflationlarvee,latente,masqu6e

hiddenprofits b6n6ficesoccultes

hiddenreserves r6serveslatentes

hidden,disguised,covert, ch6mageocculte,d6guis6
concealedunemployment

high

high absorber[oil exporter] pays a forte absorption,a haute

capacited'absorption

highfructosecom syrup - HFCS siropde glucosea hauteteneuren fructose

high incomecountries pays & revenu61eve

high incomeoil exporters pays A revenueleveexportateursde petrole

high-power(ed)money monnaiecentrale;base mon6taire

high schoolseejunior high school

highvalue fish especesde poissonpris6es

 113 -

high voltageconsumer[electricity] clienthautetension

high yieldingvariety- HYV [crops] varietea haut rendement- VHR

higher Incomebrackets tranches

groupesa revenuNMeve;
de revenusuperieur

higher levelstaff cadres;personnelcadre

highertraining 6tudesavancees

highestbidder soumissionnairele plus offrant

highlandrice; uplandrice; riz sec, pluvial,de montagne,

mountainrice de savane,de plateau

highlyindebtedcountry - HIC pays tres endette

highlyleveraged caract6risepar un fort degre

d'endettement;surendett6

HighwaysDesignand Maintenance Modelepour la conceptionet l'entretien

Model- HDM des routes

highwaysengineer ingenieurdes ponts et chaussees

hillsidefarming agriculturesur pente

hired labor journaliers;maind'oeuvrejournaliere

hire purchase[UK] location-vente

historicalcost coOta l'origine;coOthistorique;

coOtd'acquisition

historicalstatistics statistique(s)historique(s),r6trospectives

historicallyvaluedassets avoirsau coOtd'acquisition

hog millet see millet

holder detenteur;porteur;souscripteur

holding company soci6t6(de) holding; holding;

societede portefeuille

holdings[foreignexchange,gold] avoirs [en devises,en or]

home-consumedproduction autoconsommation
 - 114 -

home leaveallowance[WorldBank] indemniteau titre du conge dansles foyers

home leavebenefits prestationscongedans les foyers

hoof see cattle on the hoof

horizontalalignment[highways] trace en plan

horizontalintegration integrationhorizontale

host country [MIGA] paysh6te, d'accueil,d'implantation

Host Organization[ICSID] organisationd'accueil

hot money;funk money [UK] capitauxfebriles

householdexpendituresurvey- HES enquetesur les depensesdes m6nages

householdgoods biensd'equipementmenager

housekeepingmeasures mesuresd'economies(d'energie),
d'entretienameliore

tiousing

housingsee core housing

housingestate grand ensemble

housingexpenses/incomeratio; taux d'effort

affordabilityratio

housingplot parcelled'habitation

housingstock parc immobilier;patrimoinede

logements

human resourcedevelopment valorisationdes ressourceshumaines

humansettlements etablissementshumains

hurdlerate taux critiquede rentabilite

husbandrysee animalhusbandry

husking;dehusking d6corticage

hydrant;standpipe;standpost borne-fontaine;borne
 - 115 -

hydrocracking hydrocraquage

hydrodevelopment am6nagementhydroenergetique

hydropower;hydroelectricpower hydro6lectricit6
 - 116 -

IDA

IDA flows flux d'aide de l'IDA

IDAmanagementfee commissionde gestion payeepar l'IDA

IDA Mark 2 IDA bis

IDA recipient beneficiairede l'aide de l'IDA

IDA's"freefunds" fonds librementutilisables;(liquidites

provenantdu remboursementde cr6dits;
contributionsinconditionnelleset
revenunet cumulatif)

idle cash argentoisif

IFCserviceand supportfee commisionde serviceet d'appui

illegalhousing habitatclandestin

illegalityclause claused'illegalite

immunityfrom taxation immunit6fiscale; exonerationd'imp6ts

impact (evaluation)report rapportd'impact

impairedinvestment investissement
a provisionner

impairmentsee capitalimpairment

implementationcapacity,capability moyensd'intervention,d'execution,
de r6alisation,d'administration

implementationreview biland'ex6cution

implementingagency organismed'execution
[see also executingagency;owner (of a project)]

implementingagreement accordd'ex6cution

implicit deflator indiceimplicitedes prix

implicitgross domesticproduct deflateurimplicitedu produit

deflator interieurbrut
 - 117-

impliedmoneycontrol theory theoriedu contr6lede I'argentimplique

import

import coefficient coefficientd'importation(ratio des

importationsa la productiontotale)

import component eiementlmporte;teneur en matieres

import6es

import coverageratio taux de couverturedes importations

import-intensive a forte intensit6d'importations;

generateurd'importations

import levy prevement a l'importation

import licensing regimedes licencesd'importation

import parity price prix paritairea l'importation

import penetrationratio taux de pen6trationdes importations

import quota contingentd'importation

import subsidy primea l'importation

import substitution remplacementdes importations;substitution

(de productionslocales)aux importations

import substitutionIndustries industriesreductricesd'importations

import surcharge surtaxea l'importation

importingpower of exports capacitbd'importationd6riv6e

des exportations

imprestaccount,fund compted'avancesde caisse;compte

d'avancestemporaires

imputedcosts coOtsfictHfs,th6oriques

imputedvalue valeurd'utilit6

In and out expenses fauxfrals

InauguralMeeting[ICSID] Seanceinaugurale
 - 118-

in-bondindustries industriessous douane

incentive stimulant;incitation;mesure
d'encouragement; parfois: avantage

incentivegoods produftsd'incitation

incentivepayment subvention;prime

inceptionreport rapport initial

incidence incidence

income

income resultat(s);revenu;recettes;b6nefice;
produft(s)

income (and expenditure)account comptede r6sultats

income and outlayaccount comptede ressourceset emplois

[national accounts]

incomebracket tranchede revenu

incomeeffect effet de revenu

incomeelasticity elasticitbpar rapportau revenu;

elasticit6-revenu

incomeelasticityof demand 6lasticitb-revenude la demande

income generation formationde revenu

income statement[US]; profit comptede r6sultats

and loss account [UK]
[see also consolidatedincome statement]

incometax [corporations] imp6t sur les benefices

incometax return declarationde revenus

Incometerms of trade termesde l'echangedes revenus

Incorporation constitutionen soclet6;enregistrement

 -119 -

Incremental

Incremental
benefits avantages
additlonnels
Incrementalbudgeting 6tabllssementdu budget sur une base
dIfflrentieile
incremental
building,housing habitatevolutif,progressif

Incremental
capital-output
ratio coefficient
marginal
de capital
- ICOR

incremental
cost coOtmarginal,
diff6rentiel
incremental
housingsee incremental
building

incremental
netbenefit avantage
additionnel
net

incremental
rateof return tauxmarginal de rentabilite;
tauxdiff6rentlel
de rentabilite

independent
auditor commissaire
auxcomptes
independent
variable;predictor variableexplicative
indexed,index-linked
bond obligationindex6e
indexed,index-linked,
index-tied
loan pretindexe

Indianmilletseemillet

indicative
planning;guidanceplanning planification
indicative
IndicativePlanningFigures- IPF[UNDP] chiffresindicatifsde planification- CIP
indicativestatement[IBRD] plande travail indicatf

indicatorsee concurrentindicator;convergentindicator;economicIndicator;lagging indicator;leadingindicator;

main indicator;performanceindicators

indifference
curve courbed'indifflrence
indigenization indigenisation

indirectcosts;on-costs[UK] fraisIndirects
indivisibilities facteurs,coOtsindivisibles
Inducedbenefit avantageindult

induced-bybenefit avantageinduit en amont

inducedcost coOtindukt

industrial

industrialand trade policy pret a l'aJustementde la politique

adjustmentloan - ITPAL industrielleet commerciale- PAPIC

industrialbase assiseindustrielle;baseindustrielle

Industrialdeepening augmentationde l'importancedu secteur

industriel

Industrialdesign esthetiqueindustrielle

industrialestate [UK], park [USA] zone industrielle;parc industriel;

parfois: grande plantation

Industrialgoods produitsindustriels

industrialmarketeconomy pays industriela economiede marche

Industrialpark see industrialestate

Industrialrelations; du travail
relationsprofessionnelles,
labor-management relations

Industrialtransformation redeploiementde l'industrie;conversion

industrielle;adaptationindustrielle

Industry parfois: branched'activite;secteur;

brancheindustrielle;secteurprive;
filiere; branched'actite marchande
[comptabilitenationale]

Ineligible irrecevable[choses];non habilite;

n'ayantpas droit; ne remplissantpas
les conditionsvoulues[personnesi

Infant industry industrienaissante

infant mortality mortaliteinfantile

[see also child mortality]

Infectedarea zone contaminee;aire d'infestation

 - 121 -

inflationaccounting comptabilt d'inflation;

capitaiisationdes effets
de l'inflation

inflationaryexpectations anticipationsinflationnistes

inflationarygap ecart inflationniste

inflationarypressures pressionsinflationnistes

Inflationpremium prime de risque-inflation

inflationtax taxe d'inflation

inflowsee also capitalinflow; cash inflows;flow

inflowof capital entreede capitaux;apport de capitaux

informal

informalcredit creiit non institutionnalise

informaleducation enseignementnon scolaire,non formel

informalmeeting r6unioninformelle,officieuse

informalsector secteurnon structur6,non organise,

traditionnel,marginal

in-housetraining formationinterne,dans l'entreprise

initial expenses fraisde (premier)etablissement

initial operation premieresactivites(d'un projet);

exploitationinitiale

initial subscription[IDA] souscriptioninitiale

initiatingmemorandum- IM memoranduminitial,de demarrage

[WorldBank]

in-kind costs coOtsindirects(servicesd'experts,etc.)

inlandfisheries,fishing pecheen eau douce

inland waters eauxinterieures

 -122 -

input

Input facteurde production[agriculture];

intrant;
moyen;entr6e;dotation;input;apport
(en ressources);
ressources utilisees;
ressourcesnecessaires(aufonctionnement de
qch.);consommatlons intermediaires [industrie]
[seealsocashinput;Intermediate
inputs;noncashinput]
inputmix dosagedesfacteurs
input-output
analysis analysedes echanges
interindustriels
input-output
coefficient coefficient
technique

input-output
model modeleentrees-sorties
input-output
ratio rapportentrees-sorties
input-output
table tableau(des)entr6es-sorties
- tes

inputsubsidy subvention
a l'achatd'intrants

inputsupplies approvisionnementsen intrants;

fournitures
d'intrants
in-service
training formationen coursd'emploi
Insideinformation informations
privilgies
insidemoney[banks] monnaieinterne
insiderdealing,trading d6litd'inities;transactions
d'inities

installedcapacity[electricity] puissance
Install6e

institutional
institutionalframework cadre institutlonnel;
structureinstitutionnelle
institutionalinvestors investisseursinstitutionnels

institutional
performance efficacitedes structures,
des institutions

institutional
programs[IBRD] programmes
de renforcement
institutionnel
Institution
building cr6ation,renforcement
d'institutions
 -123-

instructionalaid aide p6dagoglque;supportp6dagogique

instrument[ICSID] acteofficiei

instrumentof acceptance instrumentd'acceptation

insurancesee social insurance

intake ouvragesde prlsed'eau [irrigation];

contingent;admissionI&ducation];
priseen charge [projetssociaux]
[seealso calorieintake]

intangibleassets,property biens incorporels;immobilisations

incorporelles

integratedruraldevelopmentproject projet de d6veloppementrural integre

integrationsee backward-forwardintegration;backwardintegration

interbankfloat fonds (interbancaires)en route

interchangesee courseinterchange

intercompanypricing prix de transfert(entreentreprises)

intercropping;intercrop cultureintercalaire

interest

interestsee also beneficialinterest;conflict of interest;controllinginterest;depositorrate of interest;

economicinterest;effectiveinterestrate; rate of intereston loans

interestbearingnote effet porteurd'int6rdt

interestcharges int6rets(pay6s,courus,a courir)

interestcoverageratio ratio de couverturede l'int6ret

interestduring construction- IDC int6retsintercalaires

interestearningssee interestincome

interestequalizationtax taxede p6r6quationd'int6rets

Interestincome,earnings parfois: revenusdes placements;

Int6r6tspercus
 -12A4-

interestleakage fluctuationdestaux due a une fuite

de capitaux

interestnot accrued interetsnon 6chus

Intereston overduepayment; Interetsmoratoires

moratoriumInterest

interestrate cap plafonddes taux d'interet

interest-ratedifferential ecart entreles taux d'int6ret;

diff6rentield'inter6ts

interestrate risk risquede pertesur les taux d'interet

interestrebate bonificationd'int6rets

interestserviceratio ratio du servicedes int6r6ts

interestsubsidy,subsidization d'int6rets
bonHfication

InterestSubsidyFund Fondsde bonHifcationd'int6ret

[= Third Window] [= Troisiemeguichet]

interestyield interets

InterimCommittee Comiteint6rimaire

interimfinancialstatement 6tat financierint6rimaire

interindustrylinkages liaisonsinterindustrielles

interlockingdebt creancesr6ciproques

intermediategoods biens interm6diaires

intermediateinputs biens,apports,intrantsintermediaires

intermediation intermediation
[see also market intermediation]

intermediativeborrowing empruntsaupresdes intermediaires

financiersinternationaux

internal

internalaudit v6rificationint6rieuredes comptes

internalaudiitor verificateurinterieurdes comptes

 -125-

internalcash generation; capacited'autofinancement;

internallygeneratedfunds; cash cr6ationde liquldlt6s;
generation 6pargnebrute (d'un secteur)

intemalcross subsidy pbr6quationinteme

internalexchangerate; modified coefficientde Bruno modifi6

Bruno ratio

internalimportingcosts coOtsintemesd'importation

Internalrate of financialreturn; taux de rentabilitbfinanciere

financialrate of return

internalrate of return- IRR taux de rentabilitbinterne

[see also economicrate of retum; financialrate of retum]

internallygeneratedfunds see internalcash generation

international

internationalagricultural centresinternationauxde recherche

researchcenters- IARC agricole- CIRA

internationalbankingfacility- IBF servicebancaireinternational

internationalcommodity accords internationauxsur les produits

agreements- ICAs de base

internationalcommodity organisationsinternationalessur les

organizations- ICOs produitsde base

InternationalComparisonProject Projetde comparaisoninternational

- ICP - PCI

internationalcompetitive appeld'offresinternational;
bidding - ICB appela la concurrenceinternationale

InternationalCompilers Groupede travail internationaldes

WorkingGroup on ExternalDebt statisticiensspecialisesdans la collecte
Statistics[WB/IMF/BIS/OECD/ des donneessur la dette exterieure
BerneUnion]

internationalcredit guaranteefund fonds internationalde garantiede credit

internationalcredit guarantee systemeinternationalde garantie

system de credit
 - 126 -

InternationalDevelopmentStrategy Strategleintemationaledu
- IDS developpement

internationaldollar dollar International

InternationalDrinkingWater Decennieintemationalede 1'eau

Supplyand SanitationDecade potableet de I'assainissement

intemationalfinancial institutionsfinancilres
Institutions- IFIs Intemationales

internationalliquidity liquiditeInternationale

internationalpaymentsposition positiondes palementsinternationaux

internationalreserves r6servesinternationales

internationalshopping consultationde fournisseursa

l'echeloninternational

InternationalStandardIndustrial Classificationinternationaletype,
ClassNfication of All Economic par industrie,de toutesles branches
Activities- ISIC d'activit6 6conomique - CITI

internship stage;internat[medecine]

Interventioncurrency monnaied'intervention

interventionprice prix d'intervention

inventory

inventory;inventories stocks;stocks et en-coursde

production;valeursd'exploitation

inventorycontrol gestiondes stocks

inventoryinvestment constitutionde stocks

inventoryturnover rotationdes stocks

Invertedtariff [utilitles] tarHfprogressNf

invest investir[contexte6conomique];
placer [contextefinancier]

Investedcapitalsee Investmentcapital
 - 27 -

investment

investment investissement;
placement;misede fonds;
apportde capital;capitalinvesti

investmentagreement[IFC] accord d'lnvestissement[SFI]

Investmentbank [US]; merchant banqued'affaires

bank [UK]

Investmentbudget budgetd'equipement,d'investissement

Investmentcapital;invested capitauxpermanents;fonds permanents;

capital;capital; (owners')equlty ressourcespermanentes,stables;
plus medlum-and long-term(MLT) parfols: capitalsoclal
debt

investmentcenter [accounting] centre d'investlssement

investmentcommitment[IFC] engagementd'investissement

investmentcompany,fund socl6t6de placementcollectif;

socilte d'investissement
[see also closedend investmentcompany,fund; open end investmentcompany,fund]

investmentgap Insuffisancede l'investissement

Investmentgoods blens d'equipement,de production

investmentgrant subventiond'equipement

Investmentincentives Incitationsa investir

investmentincome revenu(s)des placements

investmentin real estate placementImmobilier

investmentinsurance assurancedes investissements

[see also multilateralinvestmentinsurance]

investmentpattern structurede l'lnvestissement

investmentproject projet d'investissement

investmentreturn,yield rendementde l'lnvestissement;

rentabilitede l'investissement

investmentreviewmission[IBRD] missiond'etudedes Investissements

 - 128 -

investmenttax credit creditd'imp6t pour investissement

investmenttrust see closed-endinvestment,companyfund

invisibletransactions operations,transactions
invisibles
[see also surplus on invisibles]

invitationto bid, to tender appeld'offres

invitationto prequalify[contracts] avis de pres6lection

involuntarylending prets forces,involontaires

inward-looking[country; policy] autocentrb;introverti;replie sur

soi-meme;6gotiste

irrevocableagreementto reimburse garantieirrevocablede remboursement

irrigationsee basin irrigation;border checkirrigation;borderditch irrigation;borderirrigation;centralpivot

sprinkleirrigation;controlledirrigation;corrugationirrigation;drip irrigation;flood control irrigation;flood
irrigation;gravity irrigation;runoffirrigation;small-scaleirrigation;sprinkleirrigation;strip irrigation;subirrigation;
surfaceirrigation;trickle irrigation;wild flooding

islanddevelopingcountry pays insulaireen developpement

issuedshare capital capital6mis

issuer organismed'emission;6metteur

issueson tap bmissiona guichetsouverts,en continu

issuespaper expose;dossier;etude analytique;

documentde synthese;
S6rie"questionset problemes"[BIRD]

issuingbank, bankof issue banqued'emission

item [budget] poste (de depenses)

[seealsotariff item]
 - 129-

jeopardy,break,escapeclause clausede sauvegarde

jeopardy loan pret menac6;pret en danger

jitney taxi-brousse

jobbing travaila fagon

job

job description definitiond'emploi; description

de poste

job grading (re)classement

des postes

job order accounting methodedu prix de revientpar commande

job-relatedtraining formationd'adaptationa l'emploi

joint

Joint Action Programsee Joint Programof Action for Sub-SaharanAfrica

joint and several conjointet solidaire

joint and severalguarantee cautionsolidaire

Joint Audit Committee Comitemixtedu contr6lede gestion

joint committee comite mixte,conjoint, paritaire

Joint Bank/FundCommitteefor Comiteconjointde la Banqueet du Fonds

Reviewof CertainElementsof pour 1'examende certainselementsdu
the Staff CompensationSystem systemede remunerationdu personnel
[defunct;replacedby Joint
Bank/FundCommitteeof Executive
Directorson Staff Compensation]

Joint Bank/FundCommitteeof Comitemixte desAdministrateursde la

ExecutiveDirectorson Staff Banqueet du Fonds sur la remuneration
Compensation du personnel

Joint Committeeof the Boardsof Commissionmbxtedes Conseilsde Gouverneurs

Govemors(MuldoonReport) (RapportMuldoon)
 - 130 -

JointCommittee on the Comiteconjointcharg6d'examiner

la
Remuneration of Executive r6mun6ration
desAdministrateurs
et des
DirectorsandtheirAlternates Administrateurs
suppl6ants

jointfinancing financement
conjoint

JointIBRD/UNIDO
Cooperative
Program Programme
mixtede coop6rationBIRD/ONUDI

Joint Ministerial
Committee of the
Boardsof Governorsof theBankand
theFundon theTransferof Real
Resources to DevelopingCountries
(Development Committee)
Comit6minlst6rieI
conjointdes
Consells
des Gouverneurs de la
Banqueet du Fondssurle transfert
de ressourcesr6ellesaux paysen
d6veloppement (Comit6du d6veloppement)

JointProcedures
Committee Comit6mixtede la procedure
JointProgramof Actionfor Programmed'actlonconcerteepourI'Afrique
Sub-Saharan
Africa au suddu Sahara
jointstockcompany soci6t6en commandite
paractions

joint venture op6rationconjolnte[tresstructuree],

en association[SFI];coentreprise;
soci6tea risquescommuns[dansles cas
les plusg6n6raux]
jointventureagreement protocoled'actlonnalres;
accordde
coentreprise
jumboborrowing,loan empruntg6ant,jumbo;blocage
juniorcreditor cr6anciernonprioritaire

juniordebt;subordinated
debt dettede ranginferieur

juniorhighschool etablissement
d'enseignement secondaire
du premiercycle;colleged'enseignement
gen6ral- CEG

juridicalpersonality;
legalexistence personnalit6
juridique
jurisdictionseeterritorialjurisdiction

justification pi&cesjustificatives;
documentA
I'appulde...;argumenta l'appuide...
 - 131-

-K -

kernelsee palm kernel

key data donn6esde base

key Interestrates taux d'lnteretdirecteurs

key moneyrate; centralrate taux pivot

keynoteaddress,speech discours-programme; discours-th6me;

allocutlonprincipale

keynotespeaker;keynoter orateurprincipal

kit trousse;coffret; collection;kit; ensemblede pleces;

pret-&-monter
[see also completelyknockeddown kit]

knapsackspraying pulverisationa dos

know-how connaissances techniques;

savoir-faire
 - 132 -

labor
labor agreement;collective conventioncollective
agreement

labor costs frais,depensesde personnel;couts

de main-d'oeuvre

labor force populationactive;parfois:

main-d'oeuvre

labor force penetration;labor taux d'activite

force participationrate

labor-intensive A forte intensite,A fort coefficent

de main-d'oeuvre

labor-intensiveindustry industriede main-d'oeuvre,grosse

consommatricede main-d'oeuvre

labor-managementrelations; relationsprofessionnelles,
du travail
labor relations;industrial
relations

labor market marchedu travail

labor shed zone de recrutementde

la main-d'oeuvre

laboratoryschool;demonstrationschool 6coled'application;6cole experimentale

lag; slippage derapage;glissement;derive;retard

lag see also growthlag

lagging indicator indicateurdiffere,r6trospectif,

tardif

LagosPlan of Action (for the Pland'action de Lagos(en vue de la

Implementationof the MonroviaStrategy mise en oeuvrede la Strat6giede
for the EconomicDevelopmentof Africa) Monroviapour le d6veloppement
6conomiquede l'Afrique)
 - 133 -

land

land bettermenttax prelevementsur la plus-valuefonciere;

taxe de valorisationfonciere

land consolidation remembrement

des terres

land development am6nagement,mise en valeurdes

terres;parfois: am6rnagement
des
terrains[urbanisme]

land equivalent,equivalencyratio taux d'equivalenceen superficie

- LER de cultures

landfill decharge

land grading[irrigatlon] planage

land improvement am6nagementdes terres; bonification

des terres

landlockedcountry pays enclav6,sans littoral

landlockeddevelopingcountry pays en developpementsans littoral

land policy politiquefonciere

land reclamation recuperationdes terres; exondation;

assainissement;
defrichement

land reform r6formefonciere[milieu urbain];

r6formeagraire[milieurural]

land register cadastre

land settlement colonisationrurale,agraire;peuplement

des terres

land survey leve topographique

landtax imp6t foncier

landtenure rights droits d'occupation;statutd'occupation

landtenure system r6gimefoncler

land use utilisationdes sols, des terres

land useplan pland'occupatlondes sols - POS

 - 134-

land use planning ambnagementde l'espace [villes et

pbriph6rlel;amenagementdu territoire

land use ratlo coefficientd'occupatlondes sols - COS

landed price prix dbbarqu6,au debarquement

landfillsee sanitarylandfill

landing point de debarquement

landings[fisheries] arrivages;quantitedebarqu6e

lapse-of-timedecision d6cisionpar d6faut

d'oppositionavantune
date d6termin6e

last In, first out - LIFO demler entre, premiersorti

late maturing[crop] tardif

latrinesee bucketlatrine;cisternflush latrine;pit latrine;pour flush latrine;privy; vault latrine;ventilatedimproved

pit latrine

law of diminishingreturns lol des rendementsdecroissants

layout partl architectural;plan; maquette;

disposition;organisationphysique,
spatiale;plan de masse (d'un projet)

layout plan pland'ensemble

lead

leadagency organismechef de file

lead bank; leadmanager chefde file; teneurde plume

lead donor donateurprincipal

lead time of a project p6riodede gestationd'un projet

leading,entrance,accesschannel, chenald'acces
fairway

leadingIndicator indicateurprbcurseur,prospectif,
avance;avertisseur
 - 135 -

leadsandlags avanceset retards;decalages

chronologlques;termaillage
leafvegetable legumefeulllu;legumeAfeuille
alimentaire
learning

learning acquisition
desconnalssances;
apprentissage;
formation
learningby discovery acquisition
desconnaissances
parles
m6thodesactives;p6dagogie
active
learningby doing apprendre
par l'exp6rience;
apprentissagepar l'action
learningcurve courbed'apprentissage

learningrate tauxd'assimilation,
d'acqulsition
desconnaissances
leasesee financelease;operating
lease;truelease
leaseback cession-ball
leasehold cessiona ball

leasepurchase bailavecoptiond'achat

leasing credit-bail;
leasing;concession
leastcostanalysis m6thodedu moindrecoOt

least developedcountries- LLDCs pays les molns avances- PMA

leastsquaresmethod methodedesmoindrescarr6s
leeway;workingfunds massede manoeuvre
legal
legalauthority textesportantautorisation
legalentity,person personne
morale

legalexistence;
juridicalpersonality personnalite
Juridique
legalforce forceexecutolre;
forcede loi
 -136-

legal instruments instrumentsjuridiques

legal opinion avis juridique

legal personsee legal entity

legal remedy vole de recours

legal reserve r6servel6gale [soci6t6s];

r6serveobligatoire[banques]

legaltender instrumentde pouvoirlib6ratoire;

monnaleen cours l6gal

lender of last resort preteuren demier ressort;preteur

de dernierrecours

lender of record preteurofficiel

lending

lendingagency, institution organisme,institutionde pret,

de cr6dit

lending authority pouvoirde pret

lendinglimit plafondde cr6dit

lendingpipeline liste, dossier,r6servede projets

lending program programmede pret

lendingrate [IBRD] taux preteur

lending rate; rate of Intereston taux d6biteur

loans [commercialbanks]

lengthman[highwaymaintenance] cantonnier

less developedcountry - LDC paysen developpement

less than carloadfreight - LCL marchandises,

trafic de dMtail

less than containerload - LCL chargementpartielde conteneur

 - 137-

letter

letter of comfort lettrede confort

letter of cooperation[IBRD] lettre de cooperation

letter of credit lettre de cr6dit

letter of developmentpolicy d6clarationde politiquede d6veloppement

[IBRD]

letter of information[IFCJ lettred'information

letter of intent d6claration,lettred'intention

letter of Invitation lettre d'invitation

letter of sectoralpolicy [IBRD] d6clarationde politiquesectorielle

letter of understanding protocoled'accord

levelingoff plafonnement

level annuitysystem (amortissement)par annuit6s(egales);

(systemede remboursement)par annuites

level repayment remboursementen tranchesegales

leverage(ratio) [US]; gearing(ratio) ratio de levier;ratio de structure

[UK] du passif;ratio de solvabilit6-
endettement
[see also guaranteeleverage]

leverage[verb] exercerune influence;avoir un effet

multiplicateur

leveraged endette;parfois: caracterisepar un fort

degr6 d'endettement
[see also highly leveraged;underieveraged]

leveragedbuyout- LBO prisede contr6lepar recoursa i'emprunt

leveragedmanagementbuyout- LMBO reprised'entreprisepar les salaries- RES

leveraging endettement

levy pr6levement;
taxe
[see also bettermentlevy]
 -138-

liabilities dettes;passHf; engagements;obligations

[see also accruedliabilities;contingentliability;currencyliabilities;currentliabilitles;deposit liabilities;domestic
liabilities;long-termliabilities;reserveliabilities;sight liabilities;sundryliabilities;tax liability;temporaryliabilities;
unfundedliabilities]

liabilitiesconstitutingforeign engagementde reserves;engagementsqui

authorities'reserves;reserve constituentdes avoirs de reservepour
liabilities[balanceof payments] desautorit6setrangeres

liability management gestiondu passHf

[see also assetand liability management]

UBOR[Londoninterbankofferedrate] Libor [taux Interbancairemoyendes

eurodollarsA Londres]

licensingagreement accord de licence;droit

d'exploitationde brevet

lien s0ret6; nantissement;privilege;

(droit de) gage
[see also charge]

life (of a project) dur6e de vie utile

life expectancy esperancede vie; longevite[mat&rielI

lifelinetariff tarif minimal

lifelongeducation;recurrent educationpermanente,continue
education;continuingeducation

life of a loan dureed'un pret

lift, removecredit restrictions; desencadrer

decontrol

light Arabiancrude; SaudiArabian brut legerd'Arabie

light crude

lighterage ac(c)onnage

light Industry industrielegere

limited internationalbidding - LIB appeld'offresinternationalrestreint

limitedliabilitycompany soclet anonyme

limitedrecoursefinance financementavec droit de recourslimite

 - 139-

line

line department departementd'ex6cution

line department,ministry ministered'excutbon

line-haul[transportation] exploitation

lineitem[budget] poste;rubrique

lineitembudget budgetpar poste

linekilometer[seismicsurveying] kilombtrelin6aire

linemanagement hierarchie

linemanagement
position poste
posted'encadrement;
de responsabilite

linemanager superieur
imm6diat,
direct

lineministryseelinedepartment
lineposition posteoperationnel

linestaff personnel
d'ex6cution
linearexpendituresystem[mathematicalmodels]see extendedlinearexpendituresystem

linearprogramming programmation
lin6aire

liner(shipping)conference conference
maritime
liningsee well lining

link see UHF link; VHF link

linkages relations(interindustrielles)
linkage;backwardIntegration,
integration,
[seealso backward-forward linkage]

liquefiednaturalgas - LNG gaz naturelliqu6fie- GNL

liquefiedpetroleumgas - LPG gaz de p6troleliqu6fi6- GPL

liquidassetsportfolio;liquidity portefeuille
de liquidit6s
portfolio[IFC]
liquidassets;quickassets moyensde tresorerie;
liquidites;
valeursdisponibles
 140 -

liquidation regiement[dette]; r6allsation

[linvestissement]

liquidationvalue;forced salevalue valeura casser;valeura la casse;

valeurde liquidation

liquidity

liquiditymanagement;liquidity gestiondes liqudit6s

portfolio management

liquidityposition positionde liquldit6

liquidityratio coefficient de liquidit6;ratio

de liquldite

liquidityshortage - penuriede liquidit6

liquiditysqueeze crise de liquldit6

liquid ratio; acid test ratio ratio de tresoreriereduite

listing (of securities) cotation (de titres en bourse)

list price prix courant

literacy alphab6tisme;instruction6l6mentaire

literacyeducation alphabetisation

literacylevel niveaud'instruction

live birth enfantn6 vivant;naissancevivante

live load [transportation] poids roulant

livestock cheptel(vf); btail; 6levage;

troupeau[au niveaunational]

livingarea surfacehabitable

load

load see also peakload

load, base [electricity] chargede base,minimale

load bearingcapacity;traffic portance

bearingcapacity
 - 141 -

load factor [electricity] facteur d'utilisatlon

[see a/so systemload factor]

load fund fonds qui pr6leveune commission

load limit see axle load limit

load, peak pointede charge;charge de pointe

loan

see also "A"loan; accruedloan commissions;agriculturalsectoradjustmentloan; apex loan; "B"loan; balloon

loan;call loan; carryoverloan; club loan; coloan;commodityloan; convertibledebentureloan investment;
countryloan; distressedloan; economicrecoveryloan; emergencyreconstructionloan; equity loan; equity-type
loan; export adjustmentloan;fast disbursingloan;financialintermediaryloan;free-imit loan; free-limitsubloan;
guaranteedloan; hard loan; hard loanwindow;indexed,index-linked,index-tiedloan; industrialand trade policy
adjustmentloan; jeopardyloan;jumbo loan; MasterLoan Agreement;nonaccruingloan; nonperformingloan;
nonpurposeloan; outstandingloans; overageloan;packageloan; pipelineloan; policy loans; pooledloan;
prematuredloan; programloan; projectloan; publicenterpriserationalizationloan; publicenterprisereformloan;
public enterpriserehabilitationloan; qualityloan;quickdisbursingloan; rehabilitationimport loan; sector
adjustmentloan; sectorloan; securedloan; seniorloan; serialloan;soft loan; sovereignloan;sovereignrisk
loan; standbyloan; subloan;subsidiaryloan; syndicatedloan; technicalassistanceloan;term loans;time-slice
loan;top-ratedbank loan;workingcapitalloan

loan account compte de pret

loan agreement accord de pret

loan application demandede pret

loan assumptionagreement accordde reprisede pret

loan capital emprunts

loan charges interetset commissionssur les prets

loan commitment engagementde pret

loan investment investissement

sous forme de pret

loan officer charg6de prets

(loan)originationfee fraisde constitutionde dossier;

commissiond'instruction

loan portfolio portefeuillede prets

loan proceedssee allocationof loan proceeds

 - 142 -

loan processing constitutlondu dossierde financement;

travail de pr6parationdu pret/credit

loan recovery recouvrementdu pret

local

local authoritysee local government

local competitivebidding; appela la concurrencedont la publicite

competitivebidding in accordance est faite localement;appela la
with local procedures concurrencelocale

local cost; onshorecost coOten monnalenationale

local currency monnalenationale;monnaielocale

local employee[IBRD] agent recrutelocalement

local govemment;local collectivit6locale;administration

authority locale

local shopping consultationde fournisseursa l'bchelon

national

localization(of staff) lndigenisation

locked in [capitalgains] acquis;r6alise

lock In [interestrates] Otrecontraint,condamne(a payerdes taux

d'int6retelev6spendantlongtemps)[sens
n6gatif];s'assurer,profiter(de taux
d'int6retfavorables)[sens positif]

locked up capital capitauximmobilis6s,bloques

lock gate price; sluice price prixd'ecluse

logging coupe; exploitationforestiere;

diagraphie;carottage[mines]
[see also forest logging]

logging truck camTongrumier

long-runaverageIncrementalcost - LRAIC coOtmarginalmoyen& long terme

long-run marginalcost - LRMC; coOtmarginal& long terme

efficiencyprice; efficientprice
[electricitytariffs]
 - 143-

long-term

long-termblendedcost rate - LTB panachagede long terme - PLT

[IFC]

long-termdebtratio ratiod'endettement
Alongterme

Long-term
Facilityfor Financing lignede cr6ditAlongtermepour
Purchasesof CapitalGoodsby le financementdesachatsde biens
DevelopingCountries d'6quipementde paysen developpement

long-termliabilities passifa longterme;dettesalong

terme

long-termprimerate- LTPR tauxde baseAlongterme

loss

loss manquea (gagner,prodcuire);

perte(de
change,p.ex.);freinte(deroute)
lossin weight;waste[commerce] freinte

lossleader produitd'appel
lossprovision;reservefor losses provisionpourpertes
lossesandwrite-offs (articles,
sommes,etc.)passespar pertes
et profits
low

lowabsorber[country] paysAfalblecapacited'absorption
low incomecountry paysAfalblerevenu
low incomepeople les economiquement
faibles

lowloadfactorconsumer clientA faibleutilisation

[electricity]

lowstandardroad routeconstruiteselondes normes

modestes
lowvoltageconsumer clientbassetension
[electricity]

lowermiddleIncomecountry- LMIC paysA revenuinterm6dlaire,

tranche
Inf6rieure
- PRITI
 - 144 -

lower secondaryeducation premiercycle de 1'enseignement secondaire

lowest bid offrela plus basse

lowestbidder soumissionnairele moins-disant

[see alsosecondlowest bidder]

lowest evaluatedbid offrejugee la plus avantageuse

lowlandrice riz de bas-fonds

lump sum borrowing [IFC] empruntglobal

lump sum contract marchea forfait

lump sumcontract [consultants] contrat a forfait

lump sum price montantforfaitaire;prix

forfaitaire,global

lumpy demand demandeirreguliere,en dentsde scie

lumpy investment gros investissementsconcentres

 - 145-

-M-

main(s) [noun] conduiteprincipale[eaux]; collecteur[6gout]

maincontractor;prime contractor maltred'oeuvre

mainframecomputer grand ordinateur

main indicator indicateurpilote

mainpowergrid [electricity] reseauprincipal

maintenance

maintenance entretien;maintenance[batiment,geniecivil, p6trole]

maintenancesee also correctivemaintenance;deferredmaintenance;normalmaintenance;preventive

maintenance;routine maintenance;scheduledmaintenance

maintenanceof value- MOV(of IBRDcapital) maintiende la valeur

maintenanceof valueagreement accord relatifau maintiende la valeur

maintenanceunit brigaded'entretien;
6quipede cantonnier

major currency grandemonnaie;monnaieprincipale

mnanageable dans des limitesraisonnables;maniable;

contr6lable;faisable;acceptable

managedeconomy economiedirig6e

managedfunds fonds geres

management

management management;gestion; organisation;direction;

r6glage;r6gulation;conduite;exploitation;
am6nagement;personnelde direction;
cadressuperieurs
[seealso asset and liabilitymanagement;cash management;collegialmanagement;comanagement;
demandmanagement;economicmanagement;labor-management relations;liabilitymanagement;line
management;liquiditymanagement;middle management;participativemanagement;project management;
rangemanagement;risk management;shademanagement;supply management;watermanagement;
watershedmanagement]
 - 146-

Management
[WorldBank) direction[Banquemondiale]

management
accounting comptabilite
de gestlon

management
audit contr6lede gestion

management
auditor contr6ieurde gestion

managementby objectives- MBO directionpar objectlfs- DPO

management
chart;performance
chart tableaude bord

management
company societ6de gestion

management
consultancy
firm entreprise
specialisee
en conseilde direction

management
consultant en gestion;conseillerde direction
conseillier

management
contract contratde gestion
management
development perfectionnement
descadres;formation
AIa gestion;amelToration
des m6thodes
de gestion
fee
management commission de direction;commission
syndicale;commission de gestion;
fraisde gestion
management
game jeu d'entreprise
management
groupsee managing
group

management system- MIS

information informatique
systbmed'information, de gestion

letter[auditing]
management notea la direction

accounting
managerial techniques de gestion;
quantitatives
de gestion
parfols: comptabiflte
managing
group groupede direction;syndicat
de direction

mandatory
planning planification
autoritaire,
Imperative

man-day journ6ede travail;homme-Jour

mangrove
rice rizde mangrove
 - 147 -

man-month
contract contratbas6surles hommes-mois
foumis
manpower
development valorisation
desressources
humaines;
perfectionnement
de la main-d'oeuvre

manpowerplanning etude previslonnelledes besoins

de main-d'oeuvre;planificationde
la main-d'oeuvre;planificationdu
personnel;planificationdes
ressourceshumaines

manufacturer fabricant;industriel;constructeur

manufacturinggrade,qualitymeat viandedestin6ea la transformation

ManufacturingUnit Value(MUV)Index Indicede la valeurunitairedes produits

[WorldBank] manufactur6s

mappingsee schoolmapping

marginal

marginal marginal;limite;tangent;d'appoint;
parfois: leger; mineur

marginalbenefit avantagemarginal

marginalcapacitycost - MCC coOtmarginalde capacite

marginalcost coOtmarginal
[see also long-runmarginalcost]

marginalcost pricing tarHfication

au coOtmarginal

marginaldisutility dbsutilftAmarginale

marginalefficiencyof capital efficacitemarginaledu capital

marginalpropensity(to propensionmarginale(a
consume,to save,etc.) consommer,& epargner,etc.)

marginalreserverequirement coefficientmarginalde reserve

marginalsoil(s) sols peufertiles

marginalutility utilWtH
marginale
 - 148 -

marginof preference;
domestic prefbrence
accordeeauxentreprises
preference nationales;
margede preference

maritalstatus situationde famille

crude[oil]
marker,benchmark brutde reference

marker,benchmark
price[oil] prix indicatif,de ref6rence

market
market-clearing
price prixd'6quilibre(du marche)

market-eligible
countries paysquiontaccbsauxmarchesfinanciers

marketfailure mauvaisfonctionnement
du marche;
du marche
defaillance
"market-in-hand"
agreement contrat'march6 en main'

marketintermediation intermediation
financiere

marketprice prixdu marche

market-related
lending pretsauxconditionsdu march6

marketvalue valeurv6nale
marketability possibilitede vente,d'6coulement

marketable
securities titresnegociables
marketing commercialisation[produits];
placement[titres];
promotion[p.ex.p6trole]
marketing
arrangement(s) dispositions
accordde commercialisation;
commerciales
marketingboard officede commercialisation

mark-up margecommerciale, b6neficiaire;

majoration
de prix;tauxde marque

to [ICSID]
marshalevidence, rassembler
des preuves
marshalling
yard garede triage
 - 149 -

massmedia medias;organes,moyensde grande

information

mass production fabrication,production

en (grande)serie

MasterLoan Agreement Accord de pret entrela Banque

et la SFI

masterplan plandirecteur

matchedfunding [IFCO financementjumele,couple

matchingcredit credit reciproque

[see also tax sparing]

matchingpayment paiementde contrepartie

maternaland child health- MCH;mother protectionmaternelleet infantile- PMI;

and child health- MCH protectionde la santede la m6reet de
l'enfant- PSME
mathematicalexpectation;expected esperancemathematique
value

matrixreporting subordinationa plusieursautorites

maturation(of borrowers reclassement

from IDAto IBRDloans)

matureinvestments[IFC] investissements
arrivesa maturite,
qui commencenta rapporter

matureproject projet en regimede croisiere

maturity(of a loan, bond, etc.) 6ch6ance;dur6e (d'un pret,

d'une obligation,etc.)

maturitymismatch asym6triedes 6cheances;manquede

concordancedes 6ch6ances;manquede
synchronismedes 6ch6ances

maturitytransformation transformationd'ech6ances

maximumlikelihoodmethod m6thodedu maximumde vraisemblance

maximumsustainableyield - MSY rendementmaximumsoutenable

McNamaraFellowship bourseMcNamara
 -150-

mean annualIncrement- MAI [forestry] croissanceannuellemoyenne

meat processing transformationde la viande

mechanicalcompletion[projects) installationdes demiersequipements

mechanizationservices[agriculture] servicesde motoculture

mediumabsorber[oil exporter] pays A moyennecapacited'absorption

mediumvoltage consumer clientmoyennetension

membership

membership[IFC] affiliation

membershipapplication demanded'adh6sion

membershipshares[WouidBank] partd'adheslon

membershipvotes voix d'adhesion

memo Itemsee memorandumentry, item

memorandum

memorandumaccount compted'ordre

memorandumentry, item; memoitem (poste)pour memoire

Memorandumof Administrative Memorandumsur les arrangements

Arrangements[ICSID] administratlfs

memorandumof law memoirejurldique

memorandumof understanding protocoled'accord

Memorandumto the Executive M6morandumaux Administrateurs

Directors

memorial[ICSID] mbmoire

merchandisebalance;balanceof trade balancecommerciale

merchandising marchandisage

merchantbank; Investmentbank banqued'affalres

merger absorption
 -151-

meritgoods blenstutblaires;
blensd'interetsocial

meritincrease augmentation
au m6rite

messages
[agricultural
extension] themes(devulgarisation)

metalworks constructions
m6talliques

MetalsandMineralsPriceIndex[IBRD] Indicedes prixdes metauxet mineraux

metering Installation
de compteurs;
systeme
de compteurs; comptage
[seealsobulkmetering]
meterrent[electricity] redevance
de comptage

MIBOR[= MadridInterbank
OfferedRate] MIBOR[tauxinterbancaire
moyen
des eurodollars
a Madrid]
microdata microdonnees
microteaching micro-enseignement
middle

middleincomecountry paysa revenuinterm6dialre

middleincomeoil exporters paysa revenuintermediaire
exportateurs
de p6trole
middleincomeoil importers paysa revenuIntermedialre
importateurs
de petrole
middlemanagement cadres(moyens)
midpointestimate;centralestimate pointm6dian(d'unefourchette)
midtermprojectreviewmission missiond'examen(d'unprojet)&mi-parcours
[WorldBank)
MidtermReview- MTR[IDA] examena mi-parcours
MidyearReview[budget] examende milieud'exercice
midyearreview examena mi-parcours

MIGAPreparatory
Committee Comitbpr6paratoire
de l'AMGI
 - 152 -

millet;pearlmillet;cattailmillet; mil;petitmil;mil A chandelle;

Indianmillet;Africanmillet;Egyptian ml penicillaire;mi perie
millet;East Indianmillet;rag millet;
Africancane;Egyptianwheat;baJra
[= Pennisetumtyphoides;P. glaucum]

millet;proso; broom corn millet; millet;millet commun;millet A grappe

broom millet; hog millet
[= Panicummiliaceum]

millingyield rendementA l'usinage

millionsof barrelsper day oil millionsde barils equivalent

equivalent- mbdoe petrodepar jour - mbepj

mineheadprice valeur& la sortiede la mine

mineraldeficiency carenceen sels min6raux

minerallick; salt lick pierreA lecher;salegre

mineralwaste mineraide rebut

mine run coal; run-of-minecoal charbontout-venant

minimumcash ratio coefficientminimumd'encaisse

minimumcash requirement encaisseminimumobligatoire

minimumpackageproject projet d'interventionminimum

mining industrieextractive,miniere;mines

minoritythreshold minoritede blocage

misallocationof resources mauvaiseaffectationdes ressources

mismatch contre-transformation;
decalageentre
les echeances

misprocurement[IBRD] passationdes marchesnon conformeaux

Directives;contravention,infraction
aux reglesde passationde marches

missionsee appraisalmission;audit mission;compositemission;extemalreviewmission;field mission;full

mission;graduationmission;investmentreviewmission;midtermproject reviewmission;post appraisalmission;
preappraisalmission;reviewmission;supervisionmission
 - 153-

mix combinalson;
dosage;composition;
amaigame;
panier;corbeille;gamme
mixed

mixedcropping polyculture

mixedenterprise entreprise
d'economie
mixte;societe
d'economiemixte
mixedfarming systemede production
agricolemixte

mixedfarmingproject projetagropastoral

mixedfeeds alimentscompos6s
mixedfertilizer;compound engraiscompose
fertilizer

mixedfinancing;blendfinancing financement
mixte(BIRD/IDA)

mobileclinic dispensaire
itin6rant

mobiletrainingunit unitemobilede formation;antenne

de formation

mobilization
advance[contracts] avancede demarrage
mobilization
costs coOtsd'installation
de chantier
mobilization
payments[procurement] avances

modelbiddocuments dossiertype(d'appeld'offres)
modelschool;demonstration
school ecoled'application;
6coleexperimentale
modifiedBrunoratio;internal coefficient
de Brunomodifie
exchange rate
monetary
monetaryaggregates agregatsmon6taires
monetarycorrection correctionmonetaire
monetarycover couverture
de l'emissionmonetaire

monetary
ease assouplissement
monetaire(politiqued')
 -154-

monetaryrestraint resserrement
monetaire

monetarystringency austeritemon6taire

monetarysurvey situationmonetaire

monetization passagea l'economiemon6taire;

mon6tisation

monetized
GDP PIBmon6taire

money

moneyat call; callmoney argentau jourle jour;credit&vue,

a trescourtterme;avancesa vue

moneycenterbanks banquesinstall6es
surles principales
placesfinancieres

moneyIncome revenumonetaire
moneymarket de I'argent
marchemonetaire,
moneymarket(mutual)fund;mutual fondscommunde placement
fund
moneymarketpaper instruments
du marchemonetaire

moneymarketrate tauxdu march6mon6taire

moneystock;moneysupply massemonetaire;parfois:
monetaires
disponibilit6s
moneywage salairenominal

moneyness liquidit6

monitorable contr6lable;
vrifiable
monitoring suivi;contr6le(continu);
surveillance
monitoring
and evaluation
-M&E suiviet 6valuation
solecropping
monoculture; monoculture
MonroviaStrategyfor the EconomicDevelopmentof Africasee LagosPlan of Action
 - 155-

moratorium
Interest;Intereston int6r6tsmoratoires
overduepayments

mortgagebank banque(docr6dlt)hypoth6calre;
lnstftution
de cr6dftfoncler

mortgagefinancing pr#ts,cr6dktshypoth6caires

most-favored-nation
(MFN)clause clausede la nationla plusfavorls6e
mostseriouslyaffected paysles plusgravement
touch6s
countries- MSAs

motherandchildhealth;maternaland protectionmaternelle
et Infantile
- PMI;
childhealth protectionde la sant6de la mereet de
1'enfant- PSME

motherandchildhealth(MCH)center centrede protectionmaternelle

et
infantile(PMI)

motivator[familyplanning] animateur
motoroctanenumber- MON indiced'octane

mountainrice;uplandrice rizsec,pluvial,de montagne,

de savane,
de plateau

movingaverage;runningaverage moyennemobile
mulching paillage
multicropping
see multiplecropping
multicurrency
clause[loancontract] clausemultidevises
multidwelling
house immeuble
collectif
MultifibreArrangement- MFA Arrangementmultifibres- AMF

multigrade
teaching systemede la classeunique
Multilateral
Investment
Guarantee de garantie
Agencemultilat6rale
Agency- MIGA des Investissements
[seealsoMIGAPreparatory
Committee]
multilateral Insurance
Investment assurancemultilaterale
des
investissements
 -156-

Investment
Multilateral Insurance d'assurance
AgencemultflatWale
Agency- MIIA des Investissements
[nowMultilateral
Investment
Guarantee
Agency- MIGAq.v.]

tradenegotiations
multilateral - MTN negoclations
commerciales
multilat6rales
- NCM

trainingmodules[EDI]
multimedia modulesde formationmultim6dia

multimodal
transport transportsmultimodaux

multioption
facility- MOF faciliteA optionsmultiples

multiple

multiplechoicequestions a choixmultiples
questions

multiplecropping culturemultiple
(multiple)(currency)option bond obligationavec option de change;
obligationavecoptionmonetaire
multiplestagetax imp6t en cascade

multipliersee credit multiplier

multipliereffect effet multiplicateur

multipurposeberth postea quaipolyvalent

multipurposeproject projet polyvalent,integre

multisectoralgeneralequilibriummodel modeled'equilibregeneral
multisectoriel

multivariatetechnique techniqueA plusieursvariablesalbatoires

multiyearreschedulingarrangement accordde r6echelonnement

pluriannuel
- MYRA

municipalengineer lng6nleurVRD

mutualfund see moneymarket (mutual)fund

mutuallyexclusiveprojects projetss'excluantmutuellement

mutuallyoffsettingentries inscriptionss'annulantmutuellement
 - 157-

- N-

narrowmoney monnaieau sens6troit; masse

mon6talreau sens 6troit

nationalaccounts comptabiit nationale;comptes

de la nation,nationaux

naturalgas liquids - NGL liquidesde gaz naturel- LGN

naturalwastage;attrition attrition;diminutionnaturelledes
effectifs

near cash instruments instrumentsquasi monetaires

near money;quasi-money quasi-monnaie

negativepledgeclause clausede nantissementnegative,de

ne pasfaire, n6gative,panipassu

negativerate of interest taux d'interetnegatif

negativesum game jeu a sommen6gative

negativeterm transformation transformationa 1'envers;

antitransformation

negotiatedcontract march6de gr6 a gr6

net

net cash requirements besoinsnetsde tresorerie

net cash revenue cr6ationnettede liquidit6s

net discountedvalue valeuractuellenette - VAN

net energyratio - NER taux d'energienette- TEN

net factor serviceincome revenunet des servicesde facteurs

net income (for period) resultatde 1'exercice; b6neficenet

[corporation]

net materialproduct- NMP produit mat6rielnet - PMN

net of taxes hors-taxes;nets d'imp6ts

 158-

netout,to exprimerenchlffresnets

netpresentvalueInefficiency valeuractuellenetteexprlm6e
prices - ENVP en prbxbconomiques

netpresentworth,value valcuractuellenette- VAN

- NPW,NPV
[seealso socialnet presentvalue]

netprofitsInterest[oil] participation
du concesslonnaire
netrealizable
value[UK];exitvalue valeuractuelle;valeurvenale

net registertonnage- NRT jauge nette

netreproduction
rate- NRR tauxnetde reproduction
- TNR

netunrealized
gain plus-value
latentenette
networth;stockholders'
equity fondspropres;capitauxpropres;
[corporations] situationnette
networth[individuals, fortune;patrimoine
net;situationnette;
privatecorporations] actifsnets
netbackvalue;backvalue[energy] valeurnette
networkanalysis analysede reseaux
networkdiagram diagramme
des liaisonslogiques

NewInternational
EconomicOrder- NIEO nouvelordre6conomique
international
newlyindustrialized
country- NIC paysnouvellement
industrialise
newly industrializingcountry - NIC nouveaupaysIndustriel- NPI

"newstyle"project[IBRD] projet"nouveau
style"
nightsoil vidange;gadoue
nitrogen,nitrogenous
fertilizer engraisazote

nitrogenfixation fixationde l'azote

no loadfund fondsqui ne prelevepas
de commisslon
 159-

nominal

nominaleffectiveexchange
rate tauxde changeeffectifnominal

nominalprotection protectlonnominale

nominalprotectioncoefficient
- NPC coefficient
de protectionnominale
nomlnalrateof protection tauxde protectionnominale

nominalservice serviceminimum

nominated
subcontractor sous-traitant
propose

nomination presentation
de candidature;
designation
nonaccrual
status,in a dontlesInt6retsImpay6sne sontpas
comptabillses

nonaccrulng
loan;nonperforming
loan pretnonproductif

nonassoclated
gas gaznonassocil
nonbankbank;nonbankfinancial banquenonbancaire;Institution
institution financilrenonbancaire- IFNB
nonbudgeted
expense fraisnonInscritau budget

nonbulktraffic transportde produltscondltionnes

noncallable
[bond] ne pouvantOtreamorti(e)par
anticipatlon
noncash
noncashexpenses chargescalcul6es
noncashinput facteurde production
nonfinancier

noncashItem postohors-calsse

noncashoperatingexpenses nonmonetaires
chargesd'exploitation
noncashworking capital fondsde roulementautreque les
disponibilites
nonconcessional nonconcessionnel
 -160-

nonconcessional,
nonconcessionary fluxde capitauxa des conditions
flows nonliberales;fluxd'aide
nonliberale

noncoreactivities activitessatellites

noncoreproject projetnonessentiel

nondebt-creating
flows ressources
nongeneratrices
d'endettement

non-equity
directinvestment investissementsdirectsautresqueles
participations

nonexpendable
equipment materieldurable,nonconsomptible,
nonfongible,permanent

nonfactorservices- n.f.s. servicesnonfacteurs;servicesa

1'exceptiondes revenusde facteurs

Non-Food
Agricultural
PriceIndex Indicedesprix desproduitsagricoles
[INDEX] nonalimentaires
nonformal
education educationnonformelle,
parascolaire

nonfuelminerals mineraux
noncombustibles
nongovernmentalorganization- NGO - ONG
organisationnon gouvernementale

nongrantexpenditures depenses
nonsubventionnees
nonincremental
(costs) (couts)nonimputables
au projet,nonlies
au projet
noninterest
bearingnote bonne portantpasinteret

nonmarket
economy economieplanifite

nonmarket
services[nationalaccounts] servicesnonmarchands
nonnegotiable
note bonnonnegociable
nonoildeveloping
country paysen developpement
non producteur
de petrole
nonoperating
(net)Income revenu,resultat(net)hors-exploitation

nonperforming
assets avoirsnonproductifs
 - 161 -

nonperformingdebt cr6ancesnon productives,immobilisees

nonperformingloan; nonaccruingloan pret non productif

nonpermanenthousing logementen materiauxnon durables

non-portfolioproject [IFC] projet hors portefeuille

nonpricecompetition concurrencehors prix

nonprofitorganization;not-for-profit organismeA but non lucratif

organization

nonprojectaid aide hors-projet

nonproprietaryname nom generique

nonpurposeloan pret A affectationnon determin6e

nonrecoursefinance financementa forfait, sans recours

nonrecourseparticipation participationA forfaRt,sans recours

nonrecurringexpenses depensesnon renouvelables

nonreportingnonmembercountry pays non membrenon declarant

nonstockcorporation soci6t6civile

nontariffbarrier obstaclenon tarifaire;barribre

non tarifaire

nontradable[noun] biens non echangeables

nontradedgoods biensne faisantpas l'objet

d'echangesinternationaux

nontradedtradable;tradablebut bienexportablenon exporte;bien

nontraded(item, good) importablenon importe

"no objection"(procedure) (proc6dureA) approbationtacite

no recoursesale vente inconditionnelle

no-returnequity prisesde participationnon rentables;

prisesde participationnon productives

normalmaintenance entretiennormal,usuel
 - 162 -

not applicable- n.a. sans objet - s.o.

not available- n.a. non connu- n.c.

note

note [capitalmarkets] bon; obligation

(see also deep discountnote; demandnote; discountnote; floating rate note; interestbearingnote;
noninterestbearingnote; nonnegotiablenote; promissorynote; Treasurynote]

note deposit [IDA] dbpot de bons

noteIssuance
facility- NIF facilit6d'6misslond'effets

noteIssue 6mission
fiduclaire

not elsewherespecified- n.e.s. non d6nomm6ailleurs- n.d.a.

not-for-profit
organization
see nonprofitorganization

noticeto proceed[contracts] ordrede service

not includedelsewhere- n.i.e. non inclusailleurs- n.i.a.

nuclearhousing;corehousing habitatevolutKf;
cellulese61mentaires;
logementembyronnalre; cellulede base
nucleusestate plantationIndustrielle,
mere
numeraire unit6de compte

nurseseepracticalnurse;registered
nurse
nursecrop;covercrop plantesde couverture;
culture
de couverture
nutrientrequirements besoinsnutritifs
nutrients 6l6mentsnutritifs
nutritional
deficiency carencenutritionnelle
nutritional
supplement compl6ment
nutritionnel
 - 163-

objectionto jurisdictlon[ICSID] declinatolrede competence

objectivefunction [economicanalysisJ fonctionobjectif

occasionalearnings recettesoccasionnelles

oceanfreight rate Index Indicedes taux de fret maritime

item
off-balance-sheet poste hors bilan

office automation bureautique

official

officialcapital capitauxpublics

officialdebt dette officlelle

officialdevelopmentassistance- ODA aide publiqueau d6veloppement- APD

official exportcredit cr6dits publicsa l'exportation

officialflows [development] apport de fonds publics;flux

de capitauxpublics

officlalholdings avoirsofficiels

off-markettransaction transactionhors-marche

off-season,out-of-seasoncrop culturesde contre-salson

offsetagreements accords compensatoires

offshore

offshoreassemblysee offshoreprocessing

offshorebank banqueoff-shore

offshorecost coOtde fabricationa l'etranger

offshoredrilling forageen mer, off-shore,sous-marin

offshorefield champ,gisementoff-shore,sous-marin
 - 164-

offshoremarket march6hors-frontiere

offshoreprocessing,assembly operationsde montagea l'etranger

offtakesee run-of-riverofftake

offtake [livestock] disponibleexploitable

offtakerate [livestock] tauxd'exploitation

off-the-jobtraining formationen dehorsdu poste de travail

off-the-shelfgoods biens standards

off-the-shelfprice prix dans le commerce

off-the-shelfpurchases achatsdirects dans le commerce

oil

oil see also heatingoil; heavyoil; heavyfuel oil

oil bill [national] facture petroliere

oilcake tourteauol6agineux

oil fired powerstation centraleau mazout

oil (drilling)rig, platform plate-formede forage petrolier

oil sands sablespetrollfHres

oil seeds grainesoleagineuses

oil shale schistesbitumineux

oil shock choc petrolier

OnchocerciasisControl Programme Programmede lutte contre l'onchocercose

onchocerciasis;river blindness onchocercose

on-costs [UK]; indirectcosts frais indirects

one-stopagency organismepolyvalent,multiservices,
centralisateur,a tout faire; comptoir
(financier)

on-farmconsumption autoconsommation
 - 165-

on-farmdevelopments,improvements am6nagements terminaux,au niveaude

l'exploitation

on-farmresearch- OFR recherchea la ferme

onlending;onwardlending retrocession

onshore continental;sur terre;national

onshorecost; local cost coOten monnalenationale

on site sur place; sur le chantier;individuel

(p.ex.assainissement)

on-the-jobtraining formationsur le tas

onwardlending;onlending retrocession

open

open cast, open cut miningsee open pit mining

open economy economieouverte

open-endedcommitment engagementindetermine

open-endedcontract contrat de dur6e ind6termin6e

open-endedgroup groupea compositionnon limit6e

open-end(investment)fund; unit societed'investissement&

trust [UK] capitalvariable- SICAV

open-hearthsteelmaking fabricationde l'acier Martin

open market "openmarket";parfois: marche

financier

open marketoperations operationsd'open market

open pit, open cast,open cut, exploitationa ciel ouvert

strip mining

open registryflag; flag of pavilionde complaisance

convenience

open tender;publictender adjudicationpublique,ouverte

open unemployment ch6magedeclare,connu

 - 166 -

openingof a letterof credit 6tabiissementd'une lettre de credit

openingof bids ouverturedes plis; depouillement

des offres

openingstock [livestock] nombred'animauxen debut de p6riode

operating

operatingaccount compted'exploitation

operatingbudget budgetd'exploitation

operatingdeficit deficitd'expioitatlon

operatingdepartment serviced'ex6cution,fonctionnel,
charge de 1'expioitation

operatingexpenses,costs d6penses,chargesde fonctionnement,

d'exploitatlon

operatingincome,profit resultatd'exploitation

operatinglease contrat de location-exploitation

operatinglosses pertesd'exploitation

operatingprofit see operatingIncome

operatingprogram [IBRD] programmed'op6rations

operatingratio coefficientnet d'exploitation

operatingsubsidy subventiond'exploitation,
de fonctionnement

operatingsurplus excedentd'exploitation

operation(s)[projects] op6rations;activit6s;interventions;
exploitation[transports,etc.]

operationaccount [franczone] compted'op6ratlons

operational

OperationalAssistance- OPAS (UNDP] assistanceoperationnelle- ASOP

operationaldepartment[IBRD] departementop6rationnel
 - 167-

Operatlonal
ManualStatement
- OMS directivedu Manuelopiratlonnel

Operatlonal
MonthlySummary Etatmensuel
des projets

operational,
operatlons
research recherche
op6ratlonnelle

Operatlonal
Regulations
(MIGA] Rbglement
op6ratlonnel

Operations
& Malntenance
- 0 &M exploitation
et entretlen

operator conducteurd'engins;machiniste;
operateur;
exploltant;conducteur
[transports]

opportunitycost coOtd'opportunite,
d'option,
de renoncement
[seealso socialopportunity
cost]

optimalenergymix composition
6nergetique
optimale
optionbondsee multiplecurrencyoptionbond
orailprocedure[ICSID] proc6dure
orale

oralrehydration
therapy- ORT traitement
de r6hydratation
parvoleorale

orderfor workchanges ordrede servicede modifications

de l'ouvrage
orderlymarketing
arrangements
- OMA arrangements
de commercialisation
ordonn6e,
d'organisation
du (de)
marche(s)
ordinaryleastsquares(OLS)method m6thodedes moindrescarr6sordinaires

ordinaryshare;commonshare actionordinalre

organizational
structure structureadministrative;
organisation;
organigramme
organization& methods- 0 & M organisatlonet m6thodes- 0 & M

organization
expenses;
formation fraisde premier6tablissement
expenses

orlentatlonal
(subjects) (matleres)
d'orlentation
originalissuediscountbond obligationa primed'emission
 - 168 -

originationfee frals de constitutionde dossier;

commissiond'instruction

origintax Imp6t a la production

other oficiai flows - OOF autres apportsdu secteurpublic - AASP

outage leiectriclty] panne;coupure;interruption

outgrower petit planteur;piantationartisanale,

villageolse,satellite

outlayaccount [nationalaccounts] compte d'utilisationdu revenu

out-migration;rural exodus exoderural

out-of-schooleducation 6ducationextrascolaire,parascolaire

out-of-schoolyouth jeune(s)d6scolaris6(s)

out-o-seasoncrop; off seasoncrop culturesde contre-saison

outpatienttreatment soinsambulatoires

outplacement d6crutement;placementa l'ext6rieur;

conseilsen reintegration

output production;rendement;produit final;

extrant;resultats;realisations;
sortie; [education]promotion;flux de
sortie; nombrede sortants,dipl6mes

outreach

outreachactivities activitesde vulgarisation,d'animation;

parfois: antenne;servicesexterieurs

outreachpost antenne

outreachprogram programmea grand rayon d'action,

de vulgarisation,d6centralis6

outreachworker animateur

outrightsale vente pure et simple

outsidemoney [banks] monnaieexterne

 - 169 -

outsourcing achatde composants,de pieces

a l'btranger

outstanding

outstandingbonds,securities, obligations,valeurs,actions
shares,stock en circulation

outstandingdrawings tiragesen cours;encoursdes tirages

outstandingexternaldebt encoursde la dette exterieure;

dette ext6rieurenon amortie

outstandingloans pr4ts non amortis;encoursdes prets

outward-looking,outward-oriented pays ouvert sur 1'extlrieur

country

outward-lookingpolicy politiqued'ouverture

overaccruals chargescomptabiliseesen trop

overageloan pret destinea couvrirun

6ventueldepassementdes coDts

overdesigned de conceptiontrop ambitieuse;

surdimensionn6[installations]

overdesignedproject projet trop complexe;projet

surdimensionne

overdrafteconomy economied'endettement

overdraftfacilities d6couvert;ligne de credit

overemployment suremploi

overexpenditures depassementde cr6dit

overexposed lourdementengage

overexposure concentrationexcessivedes risques

overfishing surexploitationdes ressources

halieutiques

overgeared surendett6

overgrazing surcharge(des paturages);surpaturage

 - 170-

overhang reliquat;excbdent;
volant
Es..alsodebt overhang]
overhaul[equipment] rbviser

overheadcapital Investissoment
(d'lnfrastructure)
[seealsosocialoverhead
capitall
overhead
costs;overheads fralsg6n6raux

overlnvestment surinvestissement;
excesd'Investissement

overlay[highways] couched'enrobe

overnightfunds argentau jourle jour

ovemightmaturity 6cheance
d'unjour

overprice gonflerles prix

overrunsee costoverrun;timeoverrun
overseas
allowance prime,indemnite
d'expatriation
overshoot depasser;
allertrop loin
overshooting surr6action;
suralustement
overstaffed en sureffectif
[entreprises];
en surcapacit6 [secteur]
oversubscription
[capitalmarkets] souscriptlon
excedentaire

oversupply production,
offreexcedentaire
over-the-counter
market;curb market marchehors-cote
over-the-counter
securities titreshors-cote

ownedor controlledby sousle contr6leint6gralou

majoritaire
de

owner(ofa project);Implementing maltrede l'ouvrage

agency;client
owners'equity;stockholders'
equity fondspropres;capitauxpropres;
situationnette
 - 171-

(owners')equity plus medium-and capitauxpermanents;fonds permanents;

long-termdebt; Investmentcapital ressourcespermanentes,stables;
parfols: capitalsocial

ownership(of a corporation) controle;repartftion,structure,

origine du capital
[seealso equity ownership]

ownershipstructure(of a company) structure,originedu capitalsocial

own price elasticity;price elasticity Mlasticit6par rapportau prix;

6lasticit6-prix
 - 172-

Pacific Rim countries paysdu Pacffique;pays riverainsdu

Pacifique;pays du Bassindu Pacifique

package programme;ensemble;enveloppe;apport;
lot [passationdes march6sJ;dossier;
prospectusde promotion[commerce]
[see also benefitpackage;bid package;financialpackage;minimumpackageproject; policy package;rescue
package;sliceand package;softwarepackage]

package[agriculture] programme,ensemblede techniquesagricoles

packageloan [IFC] pret global; pret consentipar la SFI

i une banquenationalede developpement
pour l'octroi de prets a des PME

paddy rice paddy

paid-in (share)capital capitalverse,libere

paid-upcapital capitalentierementlib6re

paid-upstock; fully paid stock action lib6r6e

palm kernel palmiste

palm kerneloil huilede palmiste

palm oil huile de palme

Panelmember[ICSID] personnedont le nom figure sur la Liste

(de conciliateursou d'arbitres)

Panelof Conciliators,Arbitrators Listede conciliateurs,arbitres

[ICSID]

panelof experts jury, groupe,liste d'experts

paper [finance] papier; effets;titres

[seealso commercialpaper;eligiblepaper;financialpaper;governmentpaper;moneymarketpaper]

paper profit bWn6fice

comptable,fictif, theorique

paralleleconomy;black economy 6conomieclandestine,parallele,souterraine

parallelfinancing financementparallele
 - 173-

parastatal[noun] entrepriseparapublique,semi-publique,
parastatale[Belgique;Zaire]

parchmentcoffee cafeparche

parent bank banqued'orgine; banquemere

parent body organismede tutelle;instancesuperieure

parent company societ6mere

parl passu clause clausepar! passu

Parisagreement;PlazaII agreement; Accorddu Louvre

Louvreagreement

parityprice prix d'6quivalence;prix de parite

PartI countries [IDA] pays de la Premierepartie [IDA]

Part11countries [IDA] pays de la Deuxiemepartie [IDA]

partialbudget;unit activity (crop) budget partiel

budget

participationcertificate;pass-through titre de participationa un pool

certificate de prets

participationrate; labor force taux d'activit6

penetration

participativemanagement direction participative

partly knockeddown - PKD partiellementdemonte

partnercountries pays partenaires

partnership societede personnes;partenariat

party (to proceedingor to the partie (a l'instanceou au

dispute) [ICSID] differend)

par value parite [change];pair; valeur

nominale[titres]

pass rate [education] taux de passage,de promotion

pass-throughaudit [IBRD] procedureabregeed'evaluation

retrospectivedes projets
 -174

pass-throughcertiflcate; titre de participationA un pool

participationcertificate de prets

pastorallst pasteur,eleveur

patching;spot patching,improvement pointA temps; emplol partiel;

[highways] parfois: reflachage

patternsee disbursementpattern;growthpattern; investmentpattern;trade pattern

patternof disease sch6mapathologique

pavedroad route revetue,bitumAe

pavementdesign etudede la chauss6e

pavementstrength resistancede la chauss6e

pavementwidth emprisede la chauss6e

payableon demand exigible,payablea vue

pay-as-you-earn
- PAYE;pay-as-you-go retenueA la source
[taxation]

pay-as-you-gosystem [socialsecurity] reglmefonde sur la repartition

paybackperiod temps,d6lal, perlodede recuperation,de recouvrement,

d'amortissement,de remboursement;tempsde retour

payload chargeutile

paymentarrears arrieresde palement

paymentbasis,on a A titre onereux

paymentsposition(of a country) situationdes palements(d'un pays)

paymentsrestrictions restrictionsde palements

payoff remboursement; amortissement;dernier

versement;pot-de-vin

payoutdate date de versement;date de la mise

en paiement

payroll etat de pale

payrolltax Imp6t sur les salaires

 - 175-

peak load pointede charge;charge de pointe

peak (load)shaving;peak (load) ecretementde la demandede pointe

shedding[electricity]

pearl millet see millet

peg, to (prices,Interestrates) encadrer;aligner sur; rattachersur

peg out, to [surveying] piqueter;bomer; r6perer

pelagicfish especesp6laglques

penaltyclause clausepbnale

pensionfinance unit servicede placementdes fonds de retraite

penstock[hydroelectricity] conduiteforc6e

pent-updemand demandecomprimee,refoul6e

P/E ratio; price/earningratio coefficientde capitalisationdes resultats- CCR;

rapportcours-b6n6fices

per capitaincome revenupar habitant

percentage(fee) contract [consultants] contrat au pourcentage

percentagepoint point de pourcentage

per diem indemnitejournaliere

perennialcrop culturevivace,perenne,permanente

perfectcompetition;pure competition concurrenceparfaite

performance

performance bilan; r6sultatsobtenus;action;

comportement(professionnel);
performance(de l'6conomie);
activites;rendement(p.ex.6levage);
efficaclt6;realisations;prestations;
ex6cutlon(d'un contrat);tenue (des
prix)
[see also economicperformance;financialperformance;Governmentperformance;institutional
performance;project performance(audit)report;tax performanceratio]
 - 176 -

performancebond garantiefournie par une compagnie

de garantieou d'assurance;
performancebond

performancebudget budget de realisation(performancebudget)

performancechart; workingtable; tableaude bord

managementchart

performancecontract contrat-plan;contrat-programme

performanceevaluation[personnel] notation(du personnel);rapports

periodiques

performanceguarantee[consultants] garantiede bonnefin

performanceindicators indicateursde performance

performancemonitoring contr6lede gestion;contr6le d'execution;

contr6le (suivi)des resultats,
des performances

PerformancePlanningand Review Systemede planificationet d'evaluation

- PPR des prestationsdu personnel

performancerequirements[contracts] exigencesfonctionnelles

performancesecurity [contracts] garantiede bonne ex6cution;

garantiede parfait achevement

performancespecifications caracteristiquesde performance

performingassets actifsproductifs;objectifsproductifs;
crit6resde performance,de realisation

(periodic)reviewclause clausede rendez-vous

permanentassets;fixed assets immobilisations;immobilisations

corporelles

permanenthousing logementen dur

perpetualbond obligationperp6tuelle

personalexemption[tax] abattement& la base

personalstock; registeredstock actionsnominatives

Personnel Manual Statement directive du Manuel du personnel

 - 177-

pestand diseasecontrol lutte phytosanRtaire;

protection
phytosanitaire

pest resistantvariety varieteresistanteaux parasites

pharmaceuticalchemistry chimiefine

phaseout, to 6liminerprogressivement

phaseout period [IBRD] phasede transition

phaseout program[IBRD] programmede transition

Philippinesformula [MOV] formuledes Philippines

phosphaterock; rock phosphate phosphate(naturel)[engrais;general];

phosphorite[g6ologie]

physical

physicalassets bienscorporels,materiels

physicalcommodity l'effectHf
[commodityexchange]

physicalcontingencies provisionpour aleasd'execution;

provisionpour aleastechniques

physicalfacilities installations;locaux

physicalinfrastructure infrastructuremat6rielle

physicalinvestment investissement
mat6riel

physicalplanner amrnageur

physicalplanning am6nagementdu territoire

PhysicalQualityof LifeIndex Indicede la qualRt materielle

- PaU de la vie
piecemealeconomy 6conomiepartielle

pigeonpea pois cajan

piggybackfinancing financementgigogne

piggybackproject projet gigogne

 - 178 -

pioneerIndustry branched'activiteplonniere,
d'avant-garde

pioneeringresearch recherchede pointe

pipedwater eau sous conduite, courante

pipelineloan, credit pret en reserve,sous dossier

pipelineof projects liste, dossier,reservede projets

pipelineproject projet en r6serve,sous dossier

actif, potentiel

pitheadpower plant centraleminiere

pit latrine latrinea fosse

pit privy cabineta fosse

planningsee aggregativeplanning;blueprintplanning;comprehensiveplanning;developmentplanning;family
planning;IndicativePlanningFigures;land use planning;mandatoryplanning;manpowerplanning;Performance
Planningand Review;physicalplanning;populationplanning;regionalplanning

planning,programming,budgeting rationalisationdes choix

system- PPBS budg6taires- RCB

plant

plant equipement;usine;installations;
centrale;groupe 6lectrogene
[electricite]
[seealso baseload station; biogas plant;biomass(power)plant; coal fired power station;diesel (fired)
power plant;oil fired power station;pitheadpowerplant;steam plant;step-downpower station;step-up
power station]

plantand equipment immobilisations

plant breedersee breeder

plantbreeding selectiondes plantes

plantcover couverturevegetale

plantdiseases phytopathologie

plantpopulatlon populationv6getale

planting material mat6rielde plantation

 - 179-

PlazaAgreement Accord de NewYork; Accord du Plaza

pleadings[ICSID] conclusions

pledge (of shares)[IFC] nantissement(d'actions)

pledging annoncede contributions

plot, housing parcelled'habRtation

plot, test parcelleexp6rimentale

plot servicing viabilisatlondes parcelles

plowed-backprofits beneficesr6investis

plus, positivesum game jeu a sommepositive

pointsee basispoint

policy

policy-basedlending;policy prets a l'appui, en faveurde reformes

loans [IBRD]

Policy FrameworkPaper- PFP document-cadrede politiqueeconomique

policy instruments moyensd'action; instruments,mesures

d'intervention

policy-orientedsectorlending prets a l'appuide r6formessectorielles

policy package train de mesures;programme

d'action

policy paper documentde politiqueg6n6rale

poll tax; headtax; capitation imp6tde capitation;parfois: imp6t

personnel;imp6t minimal
forfaitaire[France]

pool see also borrowingpool; currencypool

Pool-BasedLendingRateSystem systemede taux preteursbase

sur un pool d'emprunts

pool-basedvariablelendingrate taux preteurvariablebas6

sur un pool d'emprunts
 - 180-

pooledloan pret du pool

pooling mise en commun;centralisation;

mutualisation

"poor man"crop culturedu pauvre

populationplanning planificationdemographique

port

port authority administrationportuaire;r6gie portuaire;

port autonome(de)

port charges,tariffs frais de port

port dues; harbordues,fees droits de port

port of entry price see cost, insuranceand freight port of entry/borderpoint price

port of shipmentprice see free on board port of shipmentprice

portfolio

portfolio income revenudes placements

portfolioinvestment investissement de portefeuille;

parfois: prisede participation

portfoliosale cessionde portefeuille,de titres

portfoliosecurities valeursde portefeuille

positionpaper note de synthese;prisede position

positivesum game; plus sum game jeu a sommepositive

post,health postede sant6

post appraisalmission missionde postevaluation

postedprice prix affich6

postedvalues mercuriale

postgraduatestudies 6tudesuniversitairessup6rieures;
hautesetudesuniversitaires
 - 181-

postqualificationof bidders verificationdes capacit6sfinancibreset

techniquesde l'entrepreneur

pour flush latrine latrinea chassed'eau manuelle

povertyline; povertyincomethreshold seuil de pauvret6

PovertyTask Force [IBRD] Grouped'etudesur la pauvret6

power

power [energy] 6lectricite;parfois: 6nergie

powergrid, network reseau6lectrique

powerplant,stationsee baseload station; biogasplant;biomass(power)plant;coal fired power station;

diesel(fired)power plant;oil fired powerstation;pitheadpowerplant; steamplant;step-downpowerstation;
step-uppowerstation

powersystem reseau6lectrique;systemede
productiond'electricite

powertakeoff - PTO prise de force

powerunit; generatingset, unit groupe6lectrogene

practicalnurse aide-soignante

practiceschool; demonstrationschool ecole d'application;6cole exp6rimentale

preambleto an agreement;recital pr6ambule,considerants,attendus

of an agreement d'un accord

preappraisalmission missionde preevaluation

prearrangedsalesof ventede participationsavec accord

participations[IFC] prealable

predatoryprice prix de dumping;vente a perte; prix de

bataille;prLxde bradage

predevelopmentwork [oill actMvit6s

prealablesa la mise en valeur

predictor;predicated,independent, variableexplicative
explanatoryvariable;fixed variate;
regressor[statistics]

preemptiverights;first refusalrights droits de preemption

 - 182-

preference,preferentialmargin; pr6f6renceaccord6eaux entreprises

domesticpreference nationales;margede pr6f6rence

preferentialtreatment traRtement
pr6ferentiel

preferredstock actions privil6gi6es;actionsde

priorite

prefinancing prefinancement

preinvestmentstudy, survey etude de pr6investissement

preliminarydesign, engineering avant-projet;avant-projetsommaire- APS

preliminaryestimatesof quantities avant-mWtr6

preliminaryquestion[ICSIDJ questionpr6alable

prematuredloan pret dont on exige le remboursement

anticipe

prematuring exigiblliteanticipbe

premium

premium[foreignexchange] report

premium[securities] prime; agio

premium[stocks] prime d'emission

premiumsee also inflationpremium;price premium;qualitypremium

premiumon prepayment[IBRD] prime de remboursementanticipe

premiumsale ventea prime

PreparationReport Rapportde preparation

PreparatoryAssistanceto the Government Missiond'assistancepreparatoire

(Mission)- PAG au gouvernement

prepayment[IBRD] remboursementanticip6

prequalHfication
documents dossierde pr6s6lection

prequalHfication
of bidders pr6qualificationdes soumissionnaires

presentvalue,worth valeuractuelle,actualls6e
 - 183-

presentworthof an annuityfactor valeuractualisee

d'une
annuitedonnbe

presentworthof a streamof future valeuractualisee

d'unesuccession
income d'annuites

President's
Report Rapportdu President

pressures
on the land surexploitationdesterres(due
a la pressiondemographique)

presumptive
taxation Imposition
forfaitaire

prevailingmarketrate coursdu marche

prevalence
[disease] prevalence
(d'unemaladie)

prevent(at)ive
maintenance entretienpr6ventif
price
escalation
priceadjustment, clause; clausede revlsiondes prix
escalatorclause
pricecontingencies provisionpourhaussedes prix;
provisionpoural6asfinanciers;
provisionpourImprevus financiers

pricedifferential,
spread 6cartentredeuxprix,de prix
pricediscount rabals
price-earning
ratio;P/E ratio- PER coefficient
de capitalisation
des resultats- CCR;rapport
cours-b6n6fices

priceeffect effetde prix

priceelasticity;ownprice 6lasticit6par rapportau prix;
elasticity elasticit6-prix
priceescalation
clausesee priceadjustment
clause

priceexfactory;exfactoryprice prix sortieusine;prixdepartusine

pricefixing fixationdesprix;parfois: entente
illicitesurlesprix

pricefreeze blocagedesprix
 - 184-

priceInelasticity in6easticit6-prix;
inelasticite
parrapportaux prix

pricelevelaccourning;
general comptabilite
indexbesurle niveau
pricelevelaccounting g6nbraldes prix

pricelist baremedes prix;catalogue;

listede prix;tarif

pricemairtenance
see resalepricemaintenance

pricemaker,setter d6cideurde prix

pricepremium surprix

pricequotations[contracts] demandede prix;prixdonn6s

par le(s)fournisseur(s)

pricerange fourchettede(s)prix

pricesetter;pricemaker decideurde prix

pricesignals signauxdonnesparles prix
pricespreadsee pricedifferential
pricesubsidy auxprix
subvention

pricesupport soutiendesprix

priceswing fluctuation
des prix
pricetaker preneurde prix
pricedbillof quantities m6tr6d'bvaluation;
bordereau
de prix
pricedoffer offrechiffr6e(avecindicationde prix)
pricing policy poiltiquedes prix; politique
tarifaire[servicespublics]
pricingsystem[financialmarkets] formulede fixationdu tauxd'interet

primary

primarycommodity,product produitprimaire
primaryenergy energieprimaire
 - 185-

primary equity capial lib4r6

primary exportingcountry pays exportateurde produits

primaires

primary healthcare soinsde sante primaires

primary lender preteurd'origine

primary producingcountry pays de productionprimaire

primary productsee primarycommodity

primary reserves reservesprimaires

primary road route principale

prime

prime bill effetde premierordre

prime borrower emprunteurbiencote, tres solvable,

de premierordre

prime, principal,maincontractor maitre d'oeuvre

prlme rate tauxde base;taux privil6gie

principal montanten principal;principal

principalcontractorsee prime contractor

principal(income)earner soutiende famille

Principlesof Staff Employment[World Principesregissantles conditions

Bank) d'emploi du personnel

printout sortieimprimee;imprim6d'ordinateur

privatevoluntaryorganization- PVO organisationben6voleprivbe

privy see aqua privy; latrine;pit privy

problemproject projet a problemes

problem-solvingapproach[education] mhthodeactive

procedurallaw; adjectivelaw lo! de procedure;reglesde procedure

 - 186-

proceduralorders [ICSID] ordonnancesde procedure

proceedings compte rendu;r6sum6;debats;

d6lib6rations;actes; transactions;
proces;poursuitesVuridique]

proceeds produft(d'un emprunt);montant(d'un

pret)

proceedsper unit of outlay produit par unitede depense

processchart; flow chart graphiquede procbd6;analyse

de deroulement;graphiquedynamique;
diagrammede circulation;plan de
circulation;graphiqueoperationnel;
schemaoperationnel;diagrammede flux

processcontrol contr6lede fonctionnement

processengineering ingenieriede procede

processing usinage;transformation;
traitement;conditionnement;
ouvraison[matibrepremibre];
suitedonn6e;instruction(d'un dossier)

processingof a loan constitutiondu dossierde financement;

travail de preparationdu pret/crbdit

procurement

procurement achats;approvisionnements
[procurementweealso bulk procurement]

procurementagent sp6clalistede la passationdes marches

ProcurementManualStatement directivedu Manuelde la passation

des marches

procurement(procedures) (proceduresde) passationdes

marches(publics)

producer gas gaz pauvre;gas de gazogene

producergoods biens de production

producer price prix a la production;prix au

producteur;prix depart usine
 187-

producers'values[nationalaccounts] valourd'acqulsltlon

product In hand contract contrat *produiten main'

productionbuild up monteeen production

productionpossibilitycurve; courbe des possibilltesde production

transformationcurve

production-sharingcontract contrat de partagede la production

productivecapacity capacite,potentielde production

product mix structurede la production;gammede

production,de produits;types de
speculations[agriculture]

productwage salaireexprim6en unit6sde produits

professionalservices servicesspeclalis6s

professionalstaff cadres

profit

profit b6n6fice;profit; plus-value

profit and loss account [UK]; comptede resultats

incomestatement[US]

profit center [accounting] eentrede profit

profit making & but lucratif

profit margin margeb6nbficlalre

profit on salesof investments plus-valuesur cesslonsd'investissements

profit sharing participationaux b6nefices;int6ressement

profit squeeze compressiondes b6n6fices;laminage

des b6n6fices

profit(s)tax imp6t sur les b6nefices

profitable rentable;lucratif;r6munerateur

pro forma invoice facture pro forma

 - 188 -

program

programaid aide-programme

programbudget budget de programmes

programcontract contrat-plan;contrat de plan

programevaluationand review techniqued'evaluationet de

technique- PERT contr6ledes programmes- PERT

Programfor SpecialAssistance(to Programmed'assistancespeciale(de la

MemberCountries)[WorldBank] Banquemondialeaux pays membres)

programloan,lending pr8t-programme

progress

progresscertificate[IBRD] etat de remboursement

progresschart graphiqued'ex6cution
[see also constructionprogresschart]

progresspayment acompte; paiementechelonne

progressreport;status report rapportd'activite; rapportsur

l'etat d'avancement(d'un projet)

project

projectsee also AfricaProject DevelopmentFacility;bankableproject; behestproject; "besteffort"project;

core project; enclaveproject;executiveproject summary;export rehabilitationproject;follow-upproject;
global project; greenfieldproject; integratedrural developmentproject; InternationalComparisonProject;
investmentproject; matureproject; midtermprojectreviewmission;minimumpackageproject;mixed
farmingproject; multipurposeproject; mutuallyexclusiveprojects;"newstyle' project; noncoreproject;
non-portfolioproject; overdesignedproject;piggybackproject; pipelineproject; problemproject; quick
yieldingproject; repeaterproject; rolloverproject;self-liquidatingproject; sewerageproject;showcase
project; soft project; "SpecialInterest"Project;SpecialProjectPreparationFacility;subproject;turnkey
project; umbrellaproject

project advanceaccount compte d'avancespour la preparation

du projet

project agency organismecharg6 du projet

project agreement accord de projet

project aid aide projet

 - 189-

project appraisal svaluatlondu projet

project area zonedu projet

project audit evaluationr6trospectlve

project boundary llmitedu projet

project brief fiche de projet; note de presentation

du projet

project completionreport - PCR rapportd'achevementdu projet - RAP

project cycle cycledu projet

project deliveryreport rapportsur l'ex6cution(du/des) projet(s)

project design conceptiondu projet

project evaluation evaluatbon

retrospectivedu projet

project fund agreement accord de financementsuppl6mentaire

project identification identification,definitiondu projet

project implementationreview- PIR examende l'etat d'avancementdu projet

ProjectInformationBrief - PIB fiche, note d'informationsur le projet

project life dur6e de vie utile du projet

project loan, lending pret-projet

project management gestiondu projet

project managementunit - PMU bureaudu projet

[IBRD]

project manager directeurdu projet; maltre d'oeuvre

project officer charge de projets [BIRD];responsable

du projet; administrateurdu projet

project performanceaudit memorandumd'evaluationretrospective

memorandum- PPAM [du projet]

project performanceaudit report rapportd'evaluationretrospectivedu

- PPAR projet - RERP
 -190-

proJectperformancereport- PPR rapport sur les resultatsdu projet

project pipeline liste, dossier,r6servede projets

project preparation pr6paration,6eaboration

du projet

ProjectPreparationFacility- PPF M6canismede financementde la

preparationdes projets- PPF

ProjectPreparationFacilityadvance avance pour la pr6parationdu projet;

avancePPF

project ranking classementde projets

project-relatedtraining composanteformationdu projet

project rent b6n6ficenet d'exploitationattribuable

au projet; revenunet du projet

project supervision supervisiondu projet

project unit bureaudu projet

promissorynote billet A ordre

promotionrate [education] taux de passage,de promotion

propertyincome [govemment] recettesdomaniales;revenusdomanlaux

propertyIncome [individuals, revenusde la propri6tb

corporations]

propertytax impotfoncler, Immobiller;parfols:

imp6tsur la fortune

proprietary

proprietarydata donn6esexclusives,privees

proprletarygood, item articlede marque

proprietaryInterest participationmajoritairedans l'actif;

int6retpatrimonial;part de capltal

proprietaryrlghts drolts exclusifs

pro rata commitmentauthority limitesimpos6esau pouvoir

limitatlons d'engagementpar le principe
de la proportlonnalite
 - 191 -

pro rata rules[IDA] principede la proportionnalit6

proso see millet

prospectus[financialmarkets] prospectus

proteindeficiency carenceprotelque

protein-energymalnutrition- PEM malnutritionprot6ino-6nerg6tique

protractedarrears retardsprodong6s
dans le service
de la dette

provisionsee reserve

provislonalmeasure[ICSID] mesureconservatoire

provisionfor losses;reservefor losses provisionpour pertes

provisions[accounting] provisions

proxy (variable) remplacement;substitution;valeur

approximative,approchee;variable
de remplacement,repr6sentative,
approximative;mesureindirecte

proxy (IBRDlending rates] el6mentprovisoiredu pool d'emprunts;

parfois: pool provisoired'emprunts
proxy borrowing(IBRDO empruntsdu pool provisoire

prudentialconstraints limitesImpos6espar la prudence

prudentman rule reglesde prudence

prudentshopping consultationde fournisseurs;

demandede renseignementset de prix;
comparalsonde prix

public

publicborrowing,offering emission,offre publique;placementpublic

public (capital)expenditure(s) dbpensespubliques(en capital,

d'equipement,d'investissement)

publiccorporation socilte publique

public debt dette publique

 -192 -

publiceconomics 6conomiedu secteurpublic

public enterpriserationalization pret a la rationalisationdes entreprises

loan - PERL publiques

public enterprisereformloan pret a la reformedes entreprises

- PERL publiques

public enterpriserehabilitation pret au redressementdes entreprises

loan - PERL publiques

public enterpriserestructuring pret a la restructurationdes entreprises

loan - PERL publiques

public healthcenter centrede santepublique

public goods bienscollectifs

public housing;social housing logementsocial

public lands terresdomaniales

publictender; open tender adjudicationpublique,ouverte

public utilities;public utility servicespublics

corporation

publicworks; civil works travauxde geniecivil

publicly

publiclyguaranteeddebt dette a garantiepublique

publiclyheld governmentdebt dette publiquedetenue

par les particuliers

publiclyissued(bonds,etc.) emisen souscriptionpublique

publiclytradedcompany soci6tedont les actionssont cotees

en bourse

publiclytraded share,stock action coteeen bourse

pulses legumineuses

pump see boosterpump; hand pump

pumpingstation stationde pompage

[see also boosterpumpingstation]
 - 193-

pump primingpolicy [economics] poitique de r6amorcage

pupil-teacherratio - PTR; taux d'encadrement[rapport enseignant/

teacher-pupilratio 6leves];rapportelves/enseignant

purchasefund [securitiesi fonds d'achat

purchasemoneysecurityinterest[IFC] s0ret6garantissantun solde dOau titre

d'une participation

purchasers'values[nationalaccounts] valeurd6part-usine

purchasingpower parity parite du pouvoird'achat

pure

pure IDA countries pays qui ne peuventb6neficierque

d'un financementde l'IDA

pure, perfectcompetition concurrenceparfaite

pure stand culturepure; peuplementpur [foresterie]

puretime preferencesee rate of puretime preference

pure variety;true to type variety variet6d'origineconfirmee,pure

put option option de vente

 - 194 -

qualifications qualifications;
comp6tences;
titres;
r6serves

qualified

qualifiedagreement garantleconditionnelle
de
to reimburse remboursement
qualifiedbidder entreprise
admisea soumissionner

qualifiedborrowing(s) empruntsde r6f6rence

[currencypooi]

qualifiedguarantee garantieconditionnelle
qualifiedmajority malorit6qualifi6e
qualifiedopinion[auditing] opinionavecreserves

qualifyingshares actionsde garantie

qualitative
coinsurance coassurance
qualitative
qualitydiscount rabaisde qualit6
qualityloan[IBRD] pretde qualite
qualitypremium primede qualite[produits];prime
Ala qualit6[services]

quantiativecoinsurance coassurance
quantitative
quantitysurveyor m6treur;verificateur
quantitytheoryof money th6oriequantitative
de la monnaie
quasi-equity quasi-capital;
quasi-fonds
propres
quasi-money quasi-monnale

quayageseewharfage
queueing
theory,problem theorie,problemedesfilesd'attente
 - 195-

quick

quick assets;liquid assets moyensde tr6sorerie;liquidkes;

valeursdisponibles

quick disbursing(loan) (pret A) d6calssementrapide

quick maturinginvestments a rendementrapide

Investissements

quick ratio; acid-testratio ratio de tr6sorerlereduite

quick yieldingproject [IBRD] projet A rendementrapide

quota contingent(p.ex.d'importatlons);
quota; quote-part[FMI]
[see also tariff quota]

quotations demandede renseignements et de prix

[passation des march6s];mercuriale;
liste de prix; cours;cote; prix
[see also price quotations]
 - 196-

-R -

rag milletsee millet

railsiding(s) voled'evitement;
voieferr6e
de garage

rainfedagriculture culturepluvlale,en sec,seche,non

irriguee[selonle climat],en bour
[MaghrebJ

rainfedcrop culturepluviale,en sec,seche

rainfedrice rizpluvial
rainforest for6tombrophile;
[enr6gionstropicales]foret
denseequatoriale
[seealso tropicalrainforest]

raise,to (funds,etc.) mobiliser;collecter;drainer;

se procurer
RAMsee randomaccessmemory
randomaccess memory- RAM memoirevive

randomsample 6chantillonaleatoire

range[education] rayonde recrutement

(d'une6cole)
rangeland parcours
rangemanagement am6nagement
desparcours

rankcorrelation
coefficient
see Spearman's
rankcorrelation
coefficient
rankingseeprojectranking
ratcheteffect effetde cliquet,d'encliquetage

ratchetingup remont6e
en dentsde scie
 - 197-

rate

rate of exchangesee buying rate of exchange

rate of intereston loans; lending taux debiteur

rate [banks]
[see also depositorrate of interest]

rate of naturalincrease[animals] taux natureld'accroissement

rate of puretime preference taux de pr6f6rencepure pour le

present;taux d'actualisationnormati

rate of return taux de rentabilite,de rendement

[seealso accountingrateof return;cash rate of return;economicrate of return;equalizingrate of return;
financialrate of return;incrementalrateof retum; internalrate of return;social rateof return]

rated capacity capacite,puissancenominale

rating agency agencede cotation,de classement(des titres);

agenced'6valuationfinanciere- ADEF

ratio see accountingratio; acid-testratio; affordabilityratio; Bruno ratio; capital-laborratio; capital-outputratio;

capitalratios;capital-serviceratio; cost-benefitratio; currentratio; debt-equityratio; debt ratio;debt-serviceratio;
debt-to-capitalratio; debt-to-equityratio; dependencyratio; domesticcontentratio; domesticresourcecost ratio;
enrollmentratio; equity ratio; feed conversionratio; fill ratio; financialratio; gearingratio; grade ratio; gross
(primary)enrollmentratio; housingexpenses/incomeratio; incrementalcapital-outputratio; input-outputratio;
interestcoverageratio; interestserviceratio; land equivalent,equivalencyratio; land useratio; leverage(ratio);
liquidityratio; liquid ratio; long-termdebt ratio; minimumcash ratio; modifiedBruno ratio; net energy ratio;
operatingratio; price-earningratio; pupil-teacherratio; quick ratio; reserveratio; risk assetratio; sex ratio;
smoothnessratio; social benefit-costratio; staffingratio; strpping ratio; tax/GDP ratio; tax performanceratio; tax
ratio; teacher-pupilratio; volatilityratio; workingcapitalratio;working ratio

rationalexpectations anticipationsrationnelles

raw data donn6esbrutes

raw water eau(x) brute(s)

read only memory- ROM m6moiremorte

reafforestation boisementet reboisement;parfois: reboisement

real

realassets biens immeubles

real capital biens r6els

 - 198-

real effectiveexchangerate taux de changeeffectHf

rbel

real estatedeveloper promoteur

real estateequity capitalimmobiller

real estateinvestment placementimmobiller

real side (of the economy) sphere rbeile(do l'economie)

realterms, In A prix constants;en termes r6els;

en valeur r6elle

realignment[highways] rectificationdu trace

realizedprice [oil] prix r6alis6

rebar [= reinforcingbar] barred'armature,de renforcement;

fer A b6ton

recall [MOV] demandede remboursement

recasting(e.g.a loan) recalcul(p.ex.d'un pr8t)

receivables effetsA recevoir[BIRD];

comptesclients [entreprise]

recession r6cesslon;crise

recessioncrop culturede d6crue

recipientcountry pays ben6ficialre

recitalof an agreement;preamble pr6ambule,consid6rants,attendusd'un

to an agreement accord

reclaim mettreen valeur;defricher;exonder;

(re)mettreen culture;ass6cher;
assainir;r6cup6rer

reclamationsee land reclamation

recognitionand enforcement reconnaissanceet ex6cutlon(de

(of award) [ICSID] la sentencearbitrale)

reconcile apurer(un compte);faire concorder;

aligner;aJuster;concilier

reconciliatIonaccount comptede r6concillation

 -199-

reconciliationitem [accounting] posts d'aJustement

reconnaissancesurvey enqueteprbliminalre

reconstructionImport credi - RIC [IBRD] credit AI'importationpour la reconstruction

record,to enregistrer;consigner;inscrire;porterA;
comptabiliser;prendreacte; relever

recordedactivities activit6sd6clar6es,enregistr6es,
comptabillsees,recens6es

recoup recuperer;recouvrer;se d6dommager;

compenser(sespertes)

recoverablereserves[energy] reservesr6cuperables

recovery reprise;redressement;relance;
recouvrement(des coOts);relevement;
r6cup6ration

recreationalareas espacesr6cr6atlfs

recurrentcosts chargesrecurrentes,renouvelables

recurrenteducation;Ifelong education educationpermanente,continue

recurrentexpenditures depensesrenouvelables,
ordinalres,
de fonctionnement

recycling (of capital) recyclage(des capitaux)

redeemable remboursable;auto-amortissable;rachetable

redemption degagement(d'un gage); purge

(d'une hypotheque);amortissement;rachat

red herringissue 6missionexploratoire

rediscount r6escompter;r6escompte

rediscountceiling plafondde reescompte

reducedform model modelesous forme redulte

reducingcharge method;declining amortissementdegressif

balancemethod
 - 200 -

redundancy[staffing] main-d'oeuvrepl6thorlque;postes en
sumombre;licenclement;sureffectifs

referencezone; targetzone [foreign zonede ref6rence

exchange]

referral alguillage;orientation(p.ex.vers
les servicescompetents);renvoi

refinancing refinancement(d'un pret);

consolidation(d'unedette)

reflation relance;reflation

reflowsfrom the Trust Fundsee TrustFund reflows

reforestation reboisement

reformseeland reform

refreshercourse stage,cours de recyclage,

perfectionnement

refunding remboursement;refinancement

regionalplanning amenagementdu territoire;

planificationregionale

Register[ICSID] r6le

registersee alsoland register

registered

registered[vehicle] immatricul6

registered(e.g.tradesmen) recense

registeredbond obligationnominative

regilsteredcapital;sharecapital capitalsocial;capital-actions

registerednurse diplome(e)d'Etat
infirmier(&re)

registeredseed semencehomologube

registeredshare,stock; personal actionsnominatives

stock
 - 201 -

registrar[ICSID] greffier

registration[Stock Exchangel inscription& ia cote officielle

registrationfee drolt d'lnscription;drolt

d'immatriculation[transports]

regrading[highways) reprofilage

regrading[personnel] reclassement(des postes)

regraveling;graveling rechargement

regressionequation 6quationde regression

regressor;predictor variableexplicative

regrowth recrue

regularappointment[IBRD] engagement,nominationA titre permanent

regularlending program[IBRD] programmede pret normal

Regulationsand Rules(of the Rbglements(du Centre)

Centre)[ICSID]

regulatoryagency organismede contr6le,de

r6glementation,
r6glementaire,
de supervision

rehabilitation remiseen 6tat; refection;modemisation;

renovation;reamenagement; reequipement;
reorganisation;reprise;relance;
redressement;relbvement;
[p.ex.zone sinistree]restauration;
assainissement; regeneration[sols,
plantations];r6habilitation
[architecture];r6insertion;
r6adaptationprofessionnelle;
remiseen exploitation[gisements]

rehabilitationImportcredit (RIC), credit A l'importationpour le

loan redressement6conomique;pret A
l'importationpour le redressement
economique

reinforcingbar; rebar barred'armature,de renforcement;

fer AbWton
 -202 -

release,to [capital] lib6rer;d6bloquer

releasesee alsoblock release

relend retroc6der(un pret)

relief secours;soulagement;assistance;
all6gement(d'unedette); amenagement;
(d'unedette); d6grbvement[imp6ts]

relinquishment[legal] renonciation

relocation relocalisation;reinstallation;
d6placement;demenagement

relocationgrant primede reinstallation

remeasurementcontract march6sur devisestimatifet quantitatif;

march6au m6tr6

remedysee legal remedy

remisslon remise;exoneratlon;transfertde fonds

remittancesee workers' remittance

remotesensing t6l6detectlon

remove,lift credit restrictions; desencadrer(le cr6dit)

decontrol

renewableenergy 6nergiesrenouvelables

renewalfee [GRIP- IFC] commissionde renouvellement(de la GRAI)

rent rente (fonclere,p.ex.);loyer

[see also economicrent; project rent]

rent recoveryIndex [projects] taux de recouvrementde la plus-value

rent-seeking[IndMvldual] a la recherchede I'avantagepersonnel

rent-seekingeconomy economlereposantsur une maximisationde

la rente

repaymentschedule calendrlerd'amortissement

repeaterproject projet r6pilque

 - 203-

repeaterrate [education] taux de redoublement

repeatfinancing financementrelais

rephasingof a debt; rescheduling ambnagement,reechelonnement,

of a debt consoiidationde la dette

replacementcost coOtde renouvellement,

de remplacement

replacementlevel [population] niveaude remplacement

replacementvalue;current (entry)value valeurde remplacement

replenish(an account) (re)approvisionner

replenishmentof resources[IDA] reconstitutiondes ressources

replicability reproductibilite;possibilitede
g6n6raliser,r6p6ter,reproduire,
transposer(p.ex.un projet)

reporteddebt montantnotifiede la dette;

dette notifiMe

reportingcountry paysd6clarant

repcrtingrequirement(s) rapports&fournir

reportingsystem[projects] systemed'6tablissementde rapports;

systemede communicationdes donnees;
systemed'lnformation

report (of Commission)[ICSID] proces-verbal(de la Commission)

representations attestations;demarches;d6clarations
[uridiquel

representativeoffice [bank] bureaude representation

repressionsee financialrepression

repurchaseagreement contrat de report;miseen pension;

accord de r6mere

requestfor proposal- RFP demandede propositions

RequestingOrganization[ICSID] organisationpostulante

requitedtransfer transfertavec contrepartie

 -204-

resaleprice maintenance prix impos6s

reschedulingof a debt; rephasingof am6nagement,r6chelonnement,

a debt consolidationde la dette

rescuepackage programmede sauvetage,renflouement,

resealing[highways] sablage;Impermeabiiisation

researchand development- R & D recherche-deveioppement

reservationprice (of labor) prix d'int6gration

reservationsalary,wage salaired'int6gratio

reserve

reservesee legal reserve

reserveagainstlosses r6servepour pertes

reserveasset actif, avoir,instrumentde reserve

reservebank banquede r6serve

reservecenter centre de reserve

reservecurrency monnaiede reserve

reservefor contingencies; provisionpour impr6vus

allowancefor contingencies;
contingencyallowance

reservefor depreciation;allowance provisionpour amortissement

for depreciation

reservefor losses;provisionfor provisionpour pertes

losses;loss provision

reserveliabilities;liabilities engagementde r6serves;engagementsqui

constitutingforeign authorities' constituentdes avoirs de reservepour
reserves[balanceof payments] des autorit6setrangeres

reserveoperations[lending program] operationsde rechange

reserveposition positiondes r6serves;situation

des reserves
 - 205 -

reserveratio [banking] rapportde liquldite[depuis 1/1/78];

coefficlentde liquidit6[avant
1/1/78]

reserverequirement r6servesobligatoires

resettlementgrant indemnitede reinstallation

reshaping[highways] reprofilage

residual(e.g.effect) remanent

residuals chiffresresiduels(obtenuspar
difference)

resistantsee pest resistant

resource

resourcebalance solde de ressources

resource-basedindustries industriede ressources,exploitant

les ressourcesnaturelles

resource(s)gap d6ficitde ressources

resource-neutral sans effet sur les ressources

resourceperson expert;specialiste

resourcesurvey inventairedes ressources

resources-poorfarmer agriculteurd6muni

responsibilitycenter [accounting] centrede responsabilite

restocking reconstitutiondes stocks; reconstitution

du troupeau,du cheptel

restraintpolicy politiqued'austerite,de rigueur

restricteddistribution diffusionrestreinte

restrictivetrade policy mesurescommercialesrestrictives

restructuringof debt restructurationde la dette

resubmission[ICSID] nouvelexamen
 - 206 -

resurfacing[highways] renouvellementde la couche de surface;rechargement

retail banking march6bancairedes particuliers;

servicesbancalrespour les particuliers

retailtraining formationdirectesur place

retainedeamings reportsa nouveau;beneficesnon distribu6s

retainer provision;acompte

retentionmoney retenuede garantie

retentionrate;grade ratio [education] taux de r6tention

retireddebt dene amortie,liquid6e

retirement(of a fixed asset) sortie (d'une immobilisation)

retirementbenefits pension,prestationsde retraite

retirementof outstandingdebt remboursement(anticip6)de la dette

[see also debt retirement]

retraining recyclage

retrenchment resserrement;rigueurbudgetaire

retrieval d6pistageet rappel [documents];recherche[informatique]

retroactivefinancing financementretroactif

retrofitting re6quipementindustriel;rattrapage
[see also custom retrofitting]

return

returnof capital recouvrementde l'investissement

returnon assets- ROA rendementde l'actif

returnon capital- ROC; returnon equity - ROE;rentabilite,

rendementde
returnon investment- ROI; l'investissement
returnon capitalemployed

returnon earningassets rendementdes actifs productifs

returnto capital taux de rendement,rentabilite

de l'investissement
 -207 -

returns;revenues revenus;recettes;rentr6es;produit;
profits;remuneration

returnsto sca!e rendementsd'echelle

revaluation revalorisation;reevaluation

revaluationfactor [currencypool] facteurde r6evaluation

revenue

revenuesee also current revenues;fiscal revenue;forgone revenue; governmentrevenues;net cash revenue

revenueaccount [nationalaccounts] comptede revenu

revenue-earning
enterprise entrepriseproductive,generatricede
ressources,a caractereindustriel,
commercial

revenuesharing partagedes recettes(fiscales)

revenuestamp timbre fiscal

reversecharge call; collect call appelen PCV

reversetransferof technology transfertinversede technologie

[see also transferof technology]

reviewclause;(periodic)reviewclause clausede rendez-vous

reviewmission missiond'etude

revisedminimumstandardmodel- RMSM standard

modelemacro-economique
de la Banquemondiale

revolvingaccount compterenouvelable;fonds de roulement

revolvingcredit; rollovercredit cr6dit renouvelable,reconductible

revolvingfund fondsde roulement;parfois: fonds

renouvelable;caissed'avances

revolvingunderwritingfacility - RUF repriseferme renouvelable

rhizomes;rootstockcrops rhizomes

ribbon check irrigation;strip irrigation irrigationpar planches,a la planche,

par calants,au calant
 -208 -

ricesee bottomlandsrice;floating rice; flooded rice; lowlandrice; mangroverice; paddy rice; rainfed rice;
swamprice; uplandrice

rig see oil (drilling)rig

right of way emprise

rights issue,offering emissionde droits de souscription

ripple price effects effetsde propagationde la haussedes

prix

risk

risk allowance[projects] provisionpour risques

risk asset ratio ratio de couverturede risques

risk capital;venturecapital capitala risque;capital-risque

risk contract [oil] contrat de risque

risk of expropriation[MIGA] risqued'expropriation

risk management gestiondes risques

risk spread margede risque

river blindness;onchocerciasis onchocercose

road base; base couchede base

road patching;spot improvement point a temps; emplol partiel;

parfois: reflachage

road user charges tarHifcation

des usagersde la route

rock phosphate;phosphaterock phosphate(naturel)[engrais;gbneral];

phosphorite[g6ologie]

rolled(costs) (coOts)moyens

rolling back reduction

rolling plan plan chenille,glissant,a horizon

mobile

roll-on/roll-off- ro/ro transroulage;transportsro-ro

 -209 -

roll-on/roll-off(ro/ro) ship navireroulier;roulier

rollover

rollover renouvellement;reconduction;
refinancement

rollovercredit;revolvingcredit credit renouvelable,reconductible

rolloverof gains remploldes plus-values

rolloverproject,program projet relais;programmerelais

ROMsee read only memory

root crops racines;tubercules

rootstock crops; rhizomes rhizomes

ro/ro see roll-on/roll-off

rotationalgrazing paturagetoumant

round see tariff round

roundwood bois rond

routine maintenance entretiencourant

row crops culturesen lignes,sarclees

royalty [oilj redevance

rubbertree hev6a

rubbertree crop h6v6aculture

Rulesof Procedurefor Conciliation Reglementde procedurerelatif

and ArbitrationProceedings[ICSID] aux instancesde conciliation
et d'arbftrage

Rulesof Procedurefor Meetingsof the ReglesrelativesAla conduitedes

ExecutiveDirectors r6unionsdes Administrateurs

run (on the banks) retraitmassif

runawayInflation Inflationgalopante

runningaverag;movingaverage moyennemobile
 - 210 -

runningcosts fraisd'exploitation

runoff [water] ecoulement;ruissellement

runoffirrigation irrigationpar ruissellement

run-of-minecoal; mine run coal charbontout-venant

run-of-riverofftake priseau fil de 1'eau

rural exodus;rural-urbanmigration; exoderural

out-migration
 - 211 -

I-S-

Safe MotherhoodConference[IBRD/WHO] conferencesur la maternitesans danger

Safe MotherhoodFund [IBRD/WHO] Fondspour la matemitesansdanger

Safe MotherhoodInitiative[IBRD/WHO] Programmede maternitesansdanger

safetynet dispositifde s6curit6;filet de s6curit6

safewater eau salubre

saleableassets actifsalienables

salefrom portfolio vente,cessionde titres en portefeuille

sale of loan maturities cessiond'6ch6ancesde prets

salestax taxe sur les ventes

salvagevalue valeurr6siduelle,de liquidation,

de r6cup6ration

sanitarylandfill dechargecontr6lbe

sanitation salubrite;hygiene;voirie
assainissement;

SaudiArabianlight (crudeoil); brut l6ger d'Arabie

light Arabiancrude

Saudi Fund Fondssaoudien

savingsand loan association societed'epargneet de credit

sawnwood bois sci6; sciages

scarcityvalue valeurde rarete

scatterchart, diagram;scattergram diagrammede dispersion

schedular,scheduledtax imp6tc6dulaire

schedule annexe[documentjuridique];barbme;tarif;
liste; horaire;calendrier;6cheancier;
bilan; bordereau;tableau;devis
 - 212 -

schedulecontract marchesur devis,sur bordereau

de prix,a prix unitaire

scheduledmaintenance entretienperiodique;op6rationde
r6visionprogrammee[materiel]

scheduledtax see schedulartax

scheme p6rimetre[irrigation];amenagement;
systeme;reseau;r6gime;schema;
programme

schistosomiasis schistosomiase

school mapping btablissementde la carte scolaire

scrap,to mettrea la casse,a la reforme

scrap value valeur&la casse

seasonalcredit cr6dit de campagne

seasonallyadjusted desaisonnalise;corrige des variations

saisonnieres

seasonalmovements mouvementssaisonniers;variations
saisonnieres

seasonalpeak pointesaisonniere

seasonedsecurities valeurs,titres confirmes

secondary

secondaryeducationsee lower secondaryeducation;upper secondaryeducation

secondarymarket march6secondaire

secondarymarketmortgage institutionde reprised'hypotheques

institution

secondaryrecovery r6cuperationsecondaire

secondaryreserves reservessuppl6mentaires

secondarysecurities valeursde deuxiemerang

secondarytransmissionline; ligne de repartitlon

subtransmissionline
 - 213 -

second lowest bidder soumissionnalre

cdassesecond,deuxieme
[see also lowestbidder]

secondment d6tachement

secondmernt
staff personneldetache

second tier bank banquede deuxiemerang

secondtier country pays de niveauintermediaire

Secretary-General
[ICSID] Secretaireg6n6ral

sector

sectoradjustmentloan - SAD,SECAL pret A l'ajustementsectoriel

sectorimplementationreview- SIR bilan des projets(d'agriculture,etc.)

sectorloan pret sectoriel

SectorReport rapportsectoriel,rapportsur
le secteurde...

seculartrend tendanceseculaire,A long terme

securea loan garantirun pr6t; obtenir un pret

securedloan pret garanti

securities

securitiessee also security

securities(custody)account dossier-titres;compte-titres

securitiesanalyst analystedes valeurs

securitiesdealer; securitiesfirm courtier(en valeursmobilieres);

malsonde titres; socd6tede placement

securitiesmarket march6des titres; marchedes valeurs

mobilieres

securitization mobilierisation;financierisation
 - 214 -

security

security securitb;titre;valeur;garantie;
sOret6;nantissement
[seealso bidsecurity;bluechipsecurity;gilt-edgedsecurities; Government securities;
marketable securities;
outstanding securities;
over-the-counter
securities;
performance security;portfoliosecurities;
seasoned
securities;
secondarysecurities;securities;
socialsecurity]

securityagreement accordde sOret6

securitylending prOtsde titres

securityof tenure securitede Jouissance

securitysharingagreement
[IFC] accordde partagede sOret6
seed

seedseealsobreederseed;certifiedseed;fieldseeds;foundationseed;oil seeds;registered
seed

seedcapital,money capitald'amorQage,
de lancement;
pr6investIssement
seedfarm fermesemenciere
seedgarden jardinsemencler
seedmoneysee seedcapital
seedplant plantede semence

seedling semis;plantule;jeuneplant

seismicsurvey etudesismique
Selective
CapitalIncrease- SCI augmentation
s6lectivedu capital

self-adjustment autocorrection;
auto-ajustement
self-care;
self-treatment autotherapie;
autosoins

self-contained
seefree-standing

self-employed
person travailleur
ind6pendant
self-financing autofinancement
 - 215 -

self-help Investissement humain;effort

collectH;auto-assistance;effort
personnel; parfois: entraide

self-helphousingscheme programmed'autoconstruction
(de logements)

self-insurance auto-assurance

self-liquidatingassets cr6ditsauto-amortissables

self-liquidatingproject prolet flnancibrementautonome

self-reliance autonomie;Independance
[see also collectiveself-reliance]

self-restraint autolimitation

self-sufficiency autosuffisance;
auto-approvisionnement

self-sustaininggrowth croissanceautonome,auto-entretenue

self-sustainingstate r6gimede croisiere

self-targeting(commodity) (produft)destinea un groupe

particullerde consommateurs

self-treatmentsee self-care

sell down r6trocession

seller'smarket marchede vendeurs

selling consortium,group, syndicate groupe,syndicat,consortiumde placement

selling rate coursvendeur

sellingvalue valeurliquidative

semidryprocess [cementmanufacture] traitementpar vole semi-sbche

semiknockeddown - SKD semi-monte- SKD

seminarsee Boardseminar

semipermanenthousing logementsemi-dur

semipubliccompany societ6d'economiemixte
 - 216 -

semiskilledmanpower main-d'oeuvrespeciaiis6e

semisklledworker ouvriersp6ciaIls6- o.s.

senior debt, loan dette prMlegile

SeniorPolicy Seminaron...[EDI] seminaire de haut niveau...

sensitivityanalysis analysede sensibilit6

separation[employment] cessationde service

separationpackage enveloppede d6part

sequentialcropping;double cropping culturessuccessives;double recolte

serialbond, loan (issue) empruntobligataire6mis par

s6ries;obligationa lots

service

servicesee alsodebt service

service;serviceline; supplyline; branchement

connection[electricity]

servicea loan assurerle serviced'un pret

serviceand supportfee [IFC] commissionde serviceet d'appui

servicearea zoned'attraction;zoned'influence;
zone de captage;zonedesservie

servicecharge commissionde service

serviceIndustry industriede service

serviceline sweservice

serviceroad voie de desserte;chauss6elat6rale;

route lateraie;contre-allee;
piste de desserte

servicestandiard niveaude servicerendu

servicestation [livestock] stationde monte

serviceable[highways] carrossable;praticabie
 - 217 -

servicedarea,lot, site am6nag6

terrainviabilise,

servicing,plot des parcelles

viabilisation

servingchairman en exercice
pr6sident
session[ICSID] session

setasideagreement accordde domicfliation

settlement reglement;apurement; accord;zonede

peuplement; etablissement(humain);
colonle;colonisation;concession;
paysannat [Afrique];s6dentarisation;
tassement [soi];d6cantation[eaux]
[seealsolandsettlement]

(ofa dispute)[ICSID]
settlement reglement
(d'undifferend)

date
settlement datede reglement

settling-in
grant primed'installation
severance
pay indemnite
de depart,de licenciement

sewagedisposal deseauxus6es
evacuation

plant
sewage(treatment) stationd'6purationdeseauxusees
sewerage
project projetd'assainissement

sex ratio rapportde masculinite

shademanagement
[agriculture] amenagement
de l'ombrage

shadetree arbred'ombrage

shadow
shadowdiscountrate tauxd'actualisation
virtuel
shadowexchangerate tauxde changede ref6rence,
virtuel
shadowprice prix de r6f6rence,comptable,virtuel

shadowpricingof exchangerate tauxde changeeconomique

shadowprogram[IMF] programme-test
 - 218 -

shadowrateof interest taux d'interetde r6ference

shadowwages salaire(s)de reference,virtuels

shakeout(of the market) tassement

share

sharesee also bonus share;common share;founder'sshare;membershipshares;outstandingshares;

publiclytraded share;qualifyingshares;registeredshare;stock

sharecapital captal social;capital-actions

[see also authorizedshare capital]

sharecapital,to supply prendreune participationau capital;

souscrireau capital

share premiumaccount [IFC] compte 'primes d'emission"

share retentionagreement[IFC] accord de r6tentiond'actions

sharecropper metayer

sharecropping metayage

shareholders'equity; stockholders' fonds propres;capitauxpropres;

equity situationnette

shell (of a building) gros-oeuvre;ossature

shell company soci6t6fictive; filialesans support

matkriel

shift deplacement;changement;glissement;
redistribution;reorientation;
transfert;d6saffection;decalage;
poste (de travail);parfois: equipes

shiftingcultivation cultureitinerante

shiftingof tax repercussionde l'imp6t

shipping transport(s)maritime(s);navigation;
exp6dition;acheminement

shippingconferencesee liner (shipping)conference

shopping [procurement] consultationde fournisseurs

[see also direct shopping;internationalshopping;local shopping]
 -219 -

shortfall insuffisance;deficit;trou

short list liste selective;liste restreinte

short season(crop) (culture)de cycle vegetatKf

court

short term consultant consultantrecrutepour une

courte periode

short term trends tendancesconjoncturelles

showcaseproject projet de d6monstratbon,

de prestige

shutdown interruption;arret

SIBOR[= SingaporeInterbankOffered SIBOR

Rate]

side letter; supplementalletter lettreannexe

siding(s);rail siding(s) voie d'bvitement;voie ferr6ede garage

sight

sight assets avoirsA vue

sight deposit d6p6t A vue

sight leveldesign [architecture] plande synthese

sight liabilities engagementsA vue

signal barometre;avertisseur;indicateur
avanc6;clignotant;signal;message
[see alsoprice signals]

single

singlecircuitline [electricity] ligne de transportsimple

singlecrop economy economiede monoculture

singleentry accounting comptabiliteen partlesimple

singlefactorialterms of trade termesde l'echangeunifactoriels

singlefertilizer engralssimple
 - 220 -

sinkingfund caissed'amortissement;fonds
d'amortissement

sinkingfund factor coefficientde placement

sistercompanies filialesd'une meme societ6mere

site

site chantler;terrain; emplacement;

localisation;Implantation;site

site coverage empriseau sol

site development travauxde VRD(voirieet reseaux

divers);amenagementdu terrain;
viabilisation

site foreman chefde chantier

site plan plande situation,d'implantation

sitesand services trames d'accueil;parcellesassainies

sitting [ICSID] seance

sketchplan [architecture] 6pure;croquisdirecteur

skilledmanpower main-d'oeuvrequalifi6e

skilledworker ouvrierprofessionnel- o.p.;

ouvrier qualifie;travailleurqualifie

skillsdevelopment formationprofessionnelle

skill trainingcenter centrede formationprofessionnelle

slack [economy] [noun] sous-emploides ressources;

sous-utilisation
des ressources;
margede ressourcesinutilis6es

slash-and-burncultivation culturesur coupe et brOlis;6cobuage

slaughteredanimals abattages

slaughterhousefee droit d'abattage

slice [contracts] tranche

 - 221 -

slice and package [procurement] fractionnementdes march6s

uslice and packagew

contract marchbfractionne

slidingscale echellemobile

slippage;lag d6rapage;glissement;derive;retard

sluggishgrowth croissancel6thargique

sluice,sluicegate price;lock gate prix d'6cluse

price

slum bidonville;taudis;llot insalubre;gourbi

slum clearance deguerpissement;

6viction;elimination
des taudis

slumpflation r6cessionavec inflation

slum upgrading assainissement

des taudis

smalland mediumenterprises- SME; petiteset moyennesentreprises- PME

small-and medium-scaleenterprises
- SMSE

smalland mediumindustries- SMI; petiteset moyennesindustries- PMI

small-and medium-scaleindustries
- SMSI

small-scale

small-scaleenterprise- SSE petite entreprise

small-scaleindustry- SSI petite industrie

small-scaleirrigation petite hydraulique

small-scaleirrigationworks, petits reseaux,ouvragesd'irrigation;

structures petits perimetresirrigues,irrigables

small-scalewaterworks travauxde petitehydraulique

smallholder petit exploitant;petit planteur;petit

agricuiteur

smaliholding petite propriete,exploitation,plantation

smoothnessratio coefficientde lissage

 - 222-

snatchingeffect effetdo ricochet

social

socialaccountingmatrix SAM
- matricedo comptabilit6
sociale MOS -

socialaccounts comptabiIitsociale;comptessociaux;
comptabilitA
nationale;
comptesnationaux
socialadvantages avantages
coilectifs
socialbenefit-cost
ratio SBC
- ratiod'utilit6collective;ratio

socialbenefits prestatlons
sociales
socialcosts coatcoilectif
socialdevelopment dveioppementsocial;actionsociale;
promotionsociale
socialforestry utilisationcollectivedesfor6ts

socialgoods bienscoilectifs
socialInfrastructure;
community 6quipements
coiiectifs,sociaux
facilities
socialinsurance assurances
sociales
socialmarketingprogram programme do ventessubventionnes;
[populatlonj comptoirssoclaux
socialmobility mobilitAsociale;permabilit desclasses

socialnetpresentvalue SNPV
- valouractuellenettesociale
socialopportunitycost coOtd'opportunftsociale

socialoverheadcapital Infrastructure
6conomique
et sociale IES
-

socialoverheadinvestment d6penses
dinfrastructure
conomique
et sociale

socialprice prixsocial
socialpricing calculdesprix soclaux
 - 223 -

social rateof discount taux d'actuallsationsoclale

social rateof return- SRR taux de rentabilitesociale

social returns rendementssoclaux

social securitybenefits prestatlonsde securitesociale

socialsecuritycontributions cotisationsa la s6curltesociaie

socialsecurityfund calssede s6curltbsoclale

socialsecurityscheme regimede securitesociale;parfois

caissede s6curitesociale

socialshadowwage rate- SSWR taux salarlalvirtuel social

social time preferencerate taux de preferencesociale

pour le present

socialwants besoinscollectifs

socialwelfare protectionsoclale;blen-Otresocial;
prbvoyancesoclale

socialwelfarefunction fonction d'utIlit6collective

socializationof rlsks mutualisationdes risques

socioeconomicstatus- SES situation6conomlqueet soclale

soft

soft component[projects] 6i6mentsservices

soft currency monnalefalble

soft loan pr6t assortide conditionslib6rales;

pret lib6ral,a taux r&dult,
a taux bonifl6

soft loan affiliate,window filiale,guichetd'aide liberale

soft project projet a caracteresoclal

software logiciel [informatique];aspects

non mat6riels;programmeset methodes

softwarepackage progiciel
 - 224 -

soil conservation conservationdes sols

soil depletion epuisementdes sols

soil study, survey 6tudede sol [g6niecivil];

6tude des sols, pedologique[g6ologie]

sole cropping;monoculture monoculture

sole risk clause[oil] clausede risqueindependant

solid statetechnology techniquedes transistors,

des semi-conducteurs

sourceand useof funds statement; tableaude financement;tableaudes

statementof changesin financialposition flux

sourcesand applicationsof funds; tableaude financement;tableaudes

statementof changesin financialposition flux

sourcing achatde composants,de pieces

SouthernCone c6neSud
[= Argentina,Chile,Uruguay]

sovereigncredit,loan empruntgaranti par l'Etat

sovereignrisk risqued'insolvabilit6de l'Etat

emprunteur;risquesouverain

sovereignrisk loan pret comportantun risquesouverain

spateirrigation;flood irrigation Irrigationpar inondation

Spearman'srank correlationcoefficient coefficientde correlationdes rangs

de Spearman

special

SpecialAccount comptespecial

SpecialAction Program;(WorldBank) Programmed'assistancespeciale(de la

Programof SpecialAssistance Banquemondialeaux pays membres)

SpecialAssignmentAppointee fonctionnairestagiaire

SpecialAssistanceFacility M6canismed'aide sp6ciale

SpecialAssistanceFacilityfor Sub-Saharan
Africa see SpecialFacilityfor Sub-SaharanAfrica
 - 225 -

SpecialAssistanceProgram; Programmed'assistancespeciale(de la
(WorldBank)Programof Special Banquemondialeaux pays membres)
Assistance

specialbudget;extraordinarybudget budgetextraordinaire

specialcommitmentcharge commissiond'engagementspeciale

specialconditionsof contract cahierdes clausesparticulieres

SpecialDisbursmentAccountsee StructuralAdjustmentFacility

SpecialFacilityfor Africasee SpecialFacilityfor Sub-Saharan

Africa

SpecialFacilityfor Sub-Saharan Fondsspeciald'aide a l'Afrique

Africa - SFSA(AfricaFacility/ subsaharienne(Fondsd'aide c I'Afrique
SpecialFacilityfor Africa- SFA) - FM)

"SpecialInterest"Project [IBRD/UNDP] projet d'interetspecial

SpecialJoint Financing financementspecialconjoint

SpecialProgramfor African Programmesp6cialpour la recherche

AgriculturalResearch- SPAAR agricoleen Afrique- PSRM

SpecialProgrammefor Researchand Programmespecialde rechercheet de

Trainingin TropicalDiseases- TDR formationconcernantles maladies
tropicales

SpecialProgramof Assistance(for programmespeciald'assistancede la

the Low-IncomeDebt-Distressed Banquemondiale(enfaveurdes pays
Countriesin Sub-SaharanAfrica) a faiblerevenusurendettesd'Afrique
[WorldBank] subsaharienne)

SpecialProject PreparationFacility Mecanismespecialde financementde

- SPPF la pr6parationdes projets - SPPF

SpecialReserve[WorldBank] Reservespeciale

SpecialTechnicalAssistanceProgram[IBRD] Programmed'assistancetechniquespeciale

specializedagency [UN] institutionsp6cialisbe

specific(customs)duty droit (de douane)sp6cifique

specifications prescriptionstechniques;cahier
des charges;devisdescriptif;
specificationstechniques;
caracteristiquestechniques
 - 226 -

specimenof signaturesee authenticatedspecimenof signature

spendingministry ministeredepensler

spillover repercussions;retombies; effetssecondaires

spillovereffect,impact; spinoff effet d'entralnement;effet secondaire

effect

spilloverexports exportationsde destockage

spillwaychute;tailrace canalde fuite

spinningreserve[electricityl reservetournante

spinoff [financialmarket] cession,distributiond'actions

(d'une nouvellesoci6t6aux
actionnairesde la soci6t6mere)

spinoff effectsee spillovereffect

sponsor promoteur

SponsorshipTrust Fund [MIGA] Fondsfiduclairede parrainage

spontaneous,voluntarylending prets spontan6s,volontaires

spot
spot exchangerate taux de changeau comptant

spot improvement,patching; point Atemps; emplol partiel;

patching[highways] parfols: reflfchage

spot market;cash market [foreign march6au comptant

exchange]

spot market [commodities] marchbdu disponible

spot market [oil] marchb"spot"; marchbdu disponible

spot patchingsee spot Improvement

spot price prix au comptant [devises;bourse];

prix du disponible[produits]; prix
du marche,du spot, au jour le Jour [petrole]

sprayingsee knapsackspraying
 - 227 -

sprayingsee knapsackspraying

spread (e.g betweenborrowingcost marge (p.ex.entre le coOtdes

and lendingrates) empruntset le taux des prets)

spread (betweenspot and forward 6cart (entreles coursau comptant

quotations) et a terme)

spreadof spreads 6cart entre les marges

sprinkleirrigation irrigationpar aspersion

squat,to squatter

squatter squatteur

squatterarea,settlement bidonville;quartierspontan6,non
loti; zone d'habitatspontane

squeezesee credit squeeze

Stabex(= Systemfor the stabilization Stabex(= Systemede stabilisatlondes

of ACP and OCT mining products) recettesd'exportationdes ACP et
[EuropeanCommunities] des PTOM)

stabilizationfund fonds de stabilisation;caissede

p6r6quation

stabilizerssee built-Instabilizers

staff

staff [noun] personnel;agents;effectHf(s);

employes;
fonctlonnalres;services;collaborateurs

staff [verb] pourvoir,doter en personnel

staffsee also counterpartstaff;field staff;fixed term staff;line staff; overstaffed;Principlesof Staff

Employment;professionalstaff;secondmentstaff;supervisorystaff;supportstaff;temporarystaff

staffappralsalreport- SAR rapportd'bvaluation(d'un projet)

staffassistant assistantde secrbtariat

staffdepartment departementde service

staffdevelopment valorlsationdes ressourceshumaines;

perfectionnement du personnel
 - 228 -

staff house logementde fonction

staff-month mois de travail; homme-mois

Staff RetirementFund [IBRD] Caissede retraitedu personnel

Staff RetirementPlan [IBRD] Regimede retraitedu personnel

Staff Rules[IBRD] Reglementdu personnel

StaffWorkingPaper - SWP documentde travaildes services

de la Banque

staffing structuredu personnel;dotation

(eneffectifs)

staffingratio rapportpersonnel
(p.ex.medical)/population

staffyear homme-annee;ann6ede travail

stagflation stagflation

stagnation(of the economy) stagnation;torpeur; lethargie;

marasme

stall feeding elevageen stabulation;engraissement

A I'etable

stand [forest] peuplementforestier

standard

standard[adj.j normalis6;uniforme;forfaitaire;
de reference;typique;type;
standard;classique;courant;normal

standard[noun] norme(de qualite,de service);

critere; r6glementation;etalon;
modele

standardconversionfactor - SCF facteur,coefficientde conversion

standard

standardcost accounting methodedu prix de revientstandard

standarddeduction[taxation] abattementforfaTtaire

standarddeviation ecart type

 - 229 -

StandardInternationalTrade Classificationtype pour le commerce

Classification- SITC international- CTCI

standardof living niveaude vie

standardrate (of interest) taux (d'interet)courant

standardvalues;administrative valeursmercuriales
prices [trade]

standby

standbyagreement[IFC] accord d'aide 6ventuelle[SFI]

standbyarrangement[IMF] accord de confirmation

standbycommitment[IFC] engagementd'aide 6ventuelle

standbyequity [investment] engagementconditionnel(de participation)

standby(lending)program[IBRD] programme(de pret) d'appoint

standbyloan pret conditionnel

standbyunderwritingcommitment engagementconditionnelde garantie

[IFCI d'6mission

standing,financial;creditworthiness solvabilite; capacit6de financement;

capacitbd'endettement;surface
financlere;credit; cote de cr6dft;
signature[pays; grandesociet6];
honorabilit6[client priv6e

standinginstructions,orders directivespermanentes;consignes
permanentes;Instructionspermanentes;
reglement

standpipe;standpost;hydrant borne-fontaine;borne

standstillagreement accordde maintiendu statuquo

standstillcommitment engagementde statu quo

staple(food) alimentde base

staple(food crop) culturevivrierede base

staple (good) produit de premierenecessite

 -230-

starchy root crop racineamylacMe

start-upcost fralsde demarrage,d'amorgage

Stateeligibleto sign (the Etat habilitbA signer

Convention)[ICSID]

statement

statement etat (de d6penses);reieve;Intervention;

declaration;allocution;expose;
deposktion;mbmoire;note; Instruction
[see also financialstatement;Incomestatement;indicativestatement;summarystatement]

statementof account relevede compte

statementof changesIn financial tableaude financement;tableaudes

position;sourceand applicationof flux
fundsstatement;funds statement;
sourceand use of funds statement;
fundsflow statement;changesin
workingcapitalstatement

statementof condition [IDA] situationfinancilre

statementof expenditure- SOE relevbdes depenses

stateof the art [adJ.j A la polntedu progres;de pointe

state of the art [noun] 6tat actuelde la technique;

Atatdes connalssances

stateof the art paper documentqul fait le point de la technique

state-ownedenterprise- SOE entreprisepubilque,d'Etat

state-tradingcountries pays &commerced'Etat

Static LifeIndex [commodities] Indicestatiquedes rbserves

staticwelfareanalysis analysestatiqued'equilibrepartiel

statisticaltax taxe de statistique

status etat (d'avancement);statut;condition;

situation;positionsociale;prestige
[see also educationalstatus]
 -231-

statusreport;progressreport rapportd'actMt6;rapportsur
(d'unprojet)
l'6tatd'avancement

statutorybody organisme de droitpublic;organe

officiel;etablissement
public

statutoryceiling llmitestatutaire

stay of enforcement[ICSID] suspensiond'execution

steadystatelending niveaud'6quilibredes prets

steadystateoperations op6rations
en r6gimede croisiere

steamcoal charbonde chaudlere;charbon

de centrale;charbon-vapeur
steamcracking[oil] vapocraquage

steamplant centralethermiquea vapeur

steelmaking steelmaking
seeopen-hearth
steepness
(ofa curve) inclinaison
(d'unecourbe)
stemming-frombenefit avantageinduit en aval

step-down
powerstation posteabalsseur

step-uppowerstation posteelevateur
stock

stock stock(s);parc (immobilierp.ex.);

action(s);capital;nombred'animaux;
charge;cheptel;troupeau;patrimoine
zootechnique; population[betail];
souche[horticulture];volumesur
pled[foresterlel;
patrimolne
[seealsocapitalstock;closingstock;commonstock;corporatestocks;outstanding stocks;paid-upstock;
stock;share;volatilestock;votingstock]
preferredstock;publiclytradedstock;registered
stock,to stocker;emmagasiner;entreposer;
charger(un paturage);
aleviner;
empolssonner;peupler(deseaux)

stockaccounting matieres,
comptabilite desstocks

stockcarryingcapacity(ofan area) chargepotentielle(d'unpaturage)

 - 232-

stock corporation soclite par actions

stock dllution,watering;dilution dilutiondu capital;d6capitalisation

stock didend actionsgratuites

stock exchangetransaction op6rationde bourse;transactionboursiere

stock option option de souscription;droit de conversion

stock option plan pland'option sur titres

stock ownership avoirs en portefeuille;acquisition

de valeursmobilieres,actions

stock rights [IFC] droits de souscription

stockwatering hydrauiiquepastorale[6levage];
dilutiondu capital[marchefinancier]

stockholders'equity; shareholders' fonds propres;capitauxpropres;

equity;owners' equity;equity; situationnette
net worth

stocking rate (of an area) taux de charge (d'un paturage)

stockpiling constitutionde stocks

stone coal anthracite

stopgap measure palliatff;mesureconservatoire;

expedient;solutiond'attente

stop-go,stop and go policy politiquede coups de frein et

d'accelrateur, de correctionde la
conjoncture,de coups d'accord6on

storage stockage;emmagasinage; entreposage;

archivage[documents];retention[eaux];
mise en m6moire;emmagasinage;
stockage[informatique]

storagedam barragede retenue

store-of-value r6servede valeur

storesaccounting;stock accounting comptabilit6matieres,des stocks

stormwater drainagesystem reseaude drainagedes eauxde pluie

 - 233-

stove [developingcountries] foumeau;r6chaud;foyer

[seealso charcoalstove]

straightbond obligationclassique,ordinaire

straight-linedepreciation amortissementIheaire,constant

stream [education] filiere

streamsee also benefitstream

streamedschool ecolea selectioncontinue,a progression

difflrenciee,a piusieursclassespar
ann6ed'6tudes

streamlining rationalisation;simplification

streamsof costs and benefits flux des coOtset des avantages

stretchingmechanism m6canismede demultiplication

stringencysee budget stringency

strip

strip check irrigationsee strip irrigation

strip cropping;alley cropping cultureen bandes

strip irrigation;borderirrigation irrigationpar planches,& la planche,

border strip irrigation;strip check par calants,au calant
irrigation;ribbon check irrigation;
bordercheck irrigation;border ditch
irrigation;gravity checkirrigation

strip mining; open pit mining exploitationa ciel ouvert

strip of maturities tranched'un pret

strip participation participation& toutesles echeances

strip planting plantationen bandes

stripping [mining] enlevementdes terrainsde couverture

strippingsee also asset stripping

stripping ratio [mining] rapportde d6couverture

 -234 -

strong currency;hard currency monnale,deviseforte

structural

structuraladjustment ajustementstructurel;restructuration

StructuralAdjustmentFacility(SAF) facilite d'ajustementstructurel

within the SpecialDisbursement 6tabliedans le cadre du Compte
Account[IMF] de versementssp6cial

structuraladjustmentlending - SAL pretsA l'ajustementstructurel- PAS

structuraldesign parti constructif;calcul de resistance

et de stabilite

structuralengineer ingenieurouvragesd'art

structuralunemployment ch6magestructurel

structuralwork gros-oeuvre;ossature

stubble mulchfarming paillageA basede chaume

study course [EDI] stage

stumpagefee redevanced'exploitation

stumpageprice prix sur coupe, du bois sur pied

stylizedfact fait particulierementrevelateur,

significatif;exemplestypes;
g6n6ralisation; simplification;
sch6matisation

subbase[highways] couche de fondation

subborrower emprunteursecondaire,final

subcontract contrat de sous-traitance

subcontractor sous-traitant

subgrade[highways] couchede forme

subirrigation;subsoilIrrigation irrigationsouterraine

subjectmatter [education] matiere;discipline;sujet (d'etudes)

 - 235 -

subjectmatterspecialist- SMS technicienspecialise- TS

[agriculturalextension]

subjects [education]see core subjects

subloan prOtsecondaire;sous-pret

submergedbridge passageA gue b6tonne

submergedeconomy;blackeconomy economieclandestine,parallele,
souterraine

submissionsee bid submission

subordinateddebt; junior debt dette de rang inferieur

subordinatedloan pret non privllegie,subordonn6

subordinatelender preteurnon privilegie

subproject sous-projet

subregion sous-region;subdivisionregionale

Sub-SaharanAfrica Afriquesubsaharlenne

subscribertrunk dialing - STD interurbainautomatique

subscriptionvotes [WorldBank] voioxde souscription

subsector sous-secteur;branche;filiere

subsidiary filiale

subsidiaryaccount compteauxillaire

SubsidiaryAgreement[IBRD] accord de pret subsidlaire

subsidiaryloan pret subsidlalre

subsistenceallowance indemnitede subsistance

subsistenceeconomy 6conomlede subsistance

subsistencefarming agriculturede subsistance

subsoilirrigation;subirrigation irrigationsouterraine

substantivelaw lol de fond; reglesde fond

 -236-

substation[electricity] poste

substitutioneffect effet de substitution

subtransmissionline; secondary ligne de repartiton

transmissionline

subunderwriter[IFC] sous-garant[SFI]

successfulbidder titulairedu marchb;adjudicataire

summaryaccount compterecapitulatif

SummaryProceedings compterendu sommaire

summarystatement 6tat recapitulatif

sundryassets autrespostesde l'actif; postes

divers de l'actif

sundrycash accounts comptesde caissedivers

sundryliabilities autres postesdu passif;postes

divers du passif

sunk cost coOtsant6rieurs,irreversibles;

A fonds perdus
investissement

superannuation pensionde retraite

supervisionmission missionde supervision

SupervisionReport rapportde supervision

supervisorygrades cadresde mattrise

supervisoryministry ministerede tutelle

supervisorystaff personneld'encadrement;superviseurs;
agentsde mattrise;superieurs
(hi6rarchiques)

supplementsee feed supplement

supplemental,supplementaryfeed aliment,fourraged'appoint

supplementalletter; side letter lettreannexe

 - 237 -

SupplementalReserveagainstLosseson Reservesupplebmentairepour pertessur

Loansand from CurrencyDevaluations prets et pour pertesdues a des
(SupplementalReserve) devaluations(Reservesupplementaire)

supplementaryfeed see supplementalfeed

supplier industry industried'amont

suppliercredit; supplier'scredit cr6dit-foumisseur

supply

supply curve courbe de l'offre

supply line; service branchement

supply management regulationde l'offre

supply side economics 6conomiede l'offre; politique

6conomiqueax6esur l'offre

supplyside politics politiqued'action sur l'offre

supplysystem;deliverysystem systemede prestations;reseau

de services;distribution;organisation
(des soinsprimaires)

supportdepartment[IBRD] d6partementde soutien

supportprice prix de soutien

supportstaff servicesgeneraux;personnelde
soutien,d'appui, auxiliaire

surface

surfacecourse;wearingcourse couchede roulement

[highways]

surfacedressing [highways] enduitsuperficiel

surfaceirrigation irrigationsuperficielle

surfacepatching;spot improvement point a temps; emploipartiel;

parfois: refiachage

surfacing[highways] couchede surface

[see also resurfacing]
 -238 -

surpluscountry pays exc6dentaire

surpluson Invisibles excedentau titre des Invisibles

survey enquOte;6tude;leve; bornage;releve;

prospection;arpentage;reconnaissance;
recensement
[seealsoland survey;reconnaissancesurvey;resourcesurvey;soil survey]

surveying executionde metre;mensuration

cadastrale;mesurage;arpentage

surveymission missiond'etude

survivalrate [education] taux de longevitescolaire

suspenseaccount compted'attente

sustainability perennite;permanence;durabilite;
regimede croisiere
[seealso balanceof paymentssustainability]

sustainablelevel of lending - SLL niveaude prets soutenable

sustainedgrowth expansionsoutenue;croissancedurable

swamprice riz de marais

swap swap;credit croise; mise en report

[see also currencyswap]

swap,to [finance] swapper

sweatequity actionsd'apport en travail

swingfuel combustiblede bouclage

switchingequipment[telephone] materielde commutation

switchingvalue [sensitivityanalysis] valeurcritique;valeurseull

syllabus programme(scolaire)

syndicate[banking] consortium,syndicatbancaire

syndicatea loan,to consortlaliser;syndiquer

syndicatedloan pret consortial;pret syndiqu6

 - 239 -

syndicatlon syndication(d'un pret);formationd'un

syndicatfinancier,d'un consortium

synfuelsee syntheticfuel

syntheticfuel; synfuel combustiblede synthbse

Sysmin(= Specialfinancingfacility Sysmin(= faciltk de financement

for ACP and OCTminingproducts) speclalpour les produitsminiers
[EuropeanCommunities] des ACP et des PTOM)

systemload factor [electricity] coefficientde chargedu reseau

 - 240 -

-T-

tailrace;spillwaychute canalde fuite

[hydroelectricity]

take-and-paycontract contrat de paiementcontre livraison

take-homepay traitementeffectivementpercu,
net de toutes deductions

taken over by passesous le contr6lede

takeoff decollage;amorcede la reprise;

d6marrage;prisede force [electricite]
[see also powertakeoff]

take-or-payagreement,contract contrat de priseferme;

contrat d'achat ferme

take-outagreement;buybackagreement accord de rachat

takeover, to prendrele contr6le(de); absorber;

racheter;prendreen charge;
assurerla releve

takeoverbid offrepubliqued'achat - OPA

tangibleassets,property actifs corporels;biens materiels,

corporels,r6els;patrimoine

tanker navire-citerne;bateau-citerne;
p6trolier;camion-citerne

tap, to exploiter;mobiliser;mettrea profit

tap Issue emissionA guichetsouverts,en continu

targeted ponctuel;cibl6;centre

target group groupe-cible

target price prix Indicatif;prix-obJectif

target zone;referencezone [foreign zonede r6f6rence

exchange]
 - 241 -

tariff
tariff see also invertedtariff; lIfelinetariff; time-of-daytariff

tariff barrier obstacletarifaire

tariff cuts abaissementdes tarifs,droits de douane;

rbductiontarifaire

tariff escalation progressitb des droits

tariff item positiontarifaire

tariff jumping contournementdes droits de douane

tarfffline ligne tarifaire

tariff negotiations,round n6gociationstarifaires

tariff quota contingenttarHfaire

tariff rates taux des droits

tariff schedule bareme;tarifs douaniers

tariffs tarifs douaniers;droits de douane;

tarif; bareme

tar sands sablesasphaltiques

task force

task force grouped'etude;groupe sp6cial;

bquipesp6ciale;groupede travail;
comite de reflexion

Task Force on ConcessionalFlows Grouped'btudesur les flux d'aide

liberale

Task Force on NonconcessionalFlows Grouped'btudesur les flux d'aide non

librale

TaskForce on PrivateDirectForeign Grouped'6tudesur l'investissement

Investment 6trangerpriv6direct
 - 242 -

tax
tax see also benefittax; bettermentlevy,tax; bordertaxes; business(profit)tax; capitalgains tax; cascade
tax; corporatetax; delinquenttaxes; earmarkedtax; foreign tax credit;forgiventax; franchisetax; income
tax; inflationtax; interestequalizationtax; investmenttax credit; land bettermenttax; land tax; multiplestage
tax; net of taxes; origintax; pay-as-you-earn;payrolltax; poll tax; presumptivetaxation;profit(s)tax;
propertytax; salestax; schedulartax; shiftingof tax; statisticaltax; turnovertax; value-addedtax;
withholdingtax

tax allowances deductionsfiscales

tax arbitrage arbitragefiscal

tax assessment cote; contribution;imposition;

liquidation;6tablissement de
l'assiette;etablissementdes r6les

tax audit contr6ledu fisc

tax authorities flsc

tax avoidance 6vasionfiscale

tax base assiette(de I'imp6t);base

d'imposition;matiereimposable

tax bill, demand avertissement

tax bracket tranchedu barbmefiscal; tranche

d'imposition

tax buoyancy 6easticiteglobale[du systemefiscal

par rapportau PIB]

tax burden charge fiscale

tax clearance quitus fiscal

tax credit credit d'imp6t; avoir fiscal

tax deduction abattementfiscal

tax deferral reportd'imp6t; moratoirefiscal;

tax demandsee tax bill

tax effort effortfiscal

tax elasticity 6easticitede i'imp6t

 - 243 -

tax evasion fraudefiscale

tax exemption exon6rationd'imp6t; d6taxe;

franchise

tax expenditures pertesde recettesfiscales;

d6pensesfiscales

tax-free hors-taxes- h.t.; exon6r6d'imp6ts

tax/GDP ratio pressionfiscale

tax handles leviersd'imposition;leviers

fiscaux;clavierfiscal

tax haven paradisfiscal

tax holiday exon6rationfiscaletemporaire;

trOvefiscale; r6missionfiscale

tax incentive avantagefiscal; incitationfiscale

tax liability cotisationfiscale;assujetissement

A un imp6t

tax loophole lacunefiscale,reglementaire

tax mitigation allegementfiscal

tax office recette (descontributions);perception

tax on value added;value added tax taxeA la valeurajoutee- TVA

- VAT

tax-paidcost - TPC prix de revientImp6tscompris

tax-payingcapacity faculte contributive

tax performanceratio taux de recouvrement

tax profit schedule imp6t c6dulairesur les benefices

tax rate tauxd'imposition

tax ratio pressionfiscale

tax rebate remboursement; d6grevement;

parfois: remboursementforfaitaire
 - 244 -

tax referenceprice[oil] prixde reference

fiscal[petrole]

tax refund (dutrop pergu);d6grevement

remboursement
tax relief abattement
fiscal;allegement
fiscal

tax return declaration

au fisc;declaration
d'imp6ts;d6clarationde revenus

taxsharing partagede l'imp6t,des produitsde

l'imp6t

taxshelter abrifiscal;parfois: refugefiscal;

paradisfiscal

tax sparing;matchingcredit creiit d'imp6tfictif

tax surcharge surtaxe

tax system r6gimefiscal

taxwriteoff abattement;
deduction
tax yield rendement,
produitde l'imp6t
teacher-pupil ratio
ratio;pupil-teacher tauxd'encadrement [rapportenseignant/
MOvesJ;rapportelves/enseignant
teacher'sguide livredu mattre;guidede l'enseignant

teachingaids materieldidactique,
pedagogique;moyens
d'enseignement; auxiliaires
p6dagogiques

teachingload service;(nombre
chargede l'enseignant;
d')heuresde cours
TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee- TAC Comiteconsultatiftechnique- CCT
[CGIAR]
loan- TAL
technicalassistance pretd'assistance
technique
technicalassistant assistant
technique

technicalbackground connaissancestechniques;formation
technique;acquistechnique;
bagagetechnique
technicalcooperation
among cooperation
technique
entrepaysen
developingcountries- TCDC developpement- CTPD
 - 245 -

technicalefficiencyindex - TEI indiced'efficacitetechnique

technologytransfer;transferof transfertde technologie

technology

teethingproblems problimes de rodage

temporaryassets actif(s)transitoire(s),temporaire(s)

temporaryliabilities passHf
transitoire,temporaire

temporarystaff personneltemporaire,contractuel

tenderdocuments;biddingdocument dossierd'appeld'offres

tenuresee also securityof tenure

tenure [education] titularisation;garantiede 1'emploi

tenure [land] see land tenure

teracalorie teracalorie

term deposit d6p6t Aterme

term financing financementa moyenet Along terme

terminate prendrefin; mettrefin a; resilier;

d6noncer;s'6teindre[obligations];

termination expiration;extinction;terminaison
[accords]; resiliation;cessationde
fonctions;cessionde service;
licenciement[personnel]

terminationgrant primede d6part

term loans creditsd'6quipement;prets A moyenet

A longterme

term sheet fiche sur les conditionsde financement

terms of reference[e.g. consultants] mandat(des consultants);lettre de

mission;attributions;termesde
r6f6rence

terms of reference[study) cadre de ref6rence(d'une 6tude);

description;programme(d'etudes);
termesde r6ference
 - 246 -

terms of trade termesde I'echange

[see also barterterms of trade; doublefactorialterms of trade; Incometerms of trade; singlefactorialterms of
trade]

territorialjurisdiction compbtence,jurldictionterritoriale

tertiary (oil) recovery recuperatlontertialre

test check [accounting] verflcation par sondage

test plot parcelleexp&imentale

think tank comite, groupe,equipede r6flexion;

r6servoird'ldees

Third Window troisiemeguichet

33-CommodityAggregatePrice(Index) indiceglobal des prix de 33 prodults

JIBRD] de base

thresholdcountries cas llmites(pays entrantdans la

catigorie des)

thresholdprice prix-seull

through bill of lading connaissementdirect,de bout en bout

throughputs d6bit; rendement

[see also berththroughput;flows (throughsystem)]

throughtraffic trafic de transit,transitaire,direct

tied aid aide conditionnelle,li6e

tied currency monnalerattacheea; monnaie

d6termin6epar ref6rencea

tied resources ressourcesa emplol specifique

tight credit policy politiquede resserrementdu credit

tighteningof credit resserrementdu creilt

tight money argentcher, rare; resserrementdu

credit; austeritemonetaire

timber bois d'oeuvre

 -247

time

time-adjusted[accounting] actuallsea partir de la deuxime ann6e

time-basedcontract [consultants] contrat basesur le temps pass6

time deposit d6p6t a terme

time frame horizon

time lag retard;decalage;Intervallede temps;

d6lal de r6action;temps de r6ponse

time limit [ICSID] dMlal

time-of-daytariff; time-of-use tarif horo-salsonnier

(7OU)tariff [electricitytariffs]

time overrun retardpar rapportau calendrier

time pattern chronologie

time series seriechronologique

time sharing[computers] partagede temps;temps partag6

time sheet feuillede presence,de pointage;

feuilled'emploi du temps

time-sliceloan pret par 6tapes

time underrun avancepar rapportau calendrier;

gain de temps

time value of money valeuractualls6ede l'argent

times Interestearnedratio; Interest ratio de couverturede I'lnt6rdt

coverageratio

timing date; calendrier;horaire;echelonnement;

6talement;chronologle;r6partitiondans
le temps; p6rlodlcRt6;
fr6quence;rythme

tissueculture culturetissulaire

title [legal] droits reconnus(sur des terres);

droRtde propri6te;droit r6el

toilet see latrine

 - 248 -

tombstone avis financier;encart publicitaire

ton of coal equivaient- tce tonne 6quivalent

charbon- tec

ton of oil equivaient- toe tonne 6quivaient

petrole- tep

top-down(approach)[projects) du somnmet
a la base

top dressing[agriculturel fumurede couverture

top-ratedbank loan pret bancairede premierordre

top sol couche arabie;humus

total fertility rate indicesynthetiquede feconditb

tracer study leducation] suivi socio-professionnel

tradable[adi.] commercialisable;
exportable;echangeable

tradable[noun) bien6changeable

tradablebut nontraded(goods,item); bien exportablenon export6;bien

nontradedtradable importablenon importe

trade

trade balance;balanceof trade balancecommcerciale

trade cycle; businesscycle conjoncture

tradedeficit d6ficitcommercial

trade liberalization liberationdes echanges

trade name nom commercial;raisonsociale

trade-off compensation;6change;& titre d'6change;

choix; compromis;arbitrage;concession
rAciproque;avantagerelatif;relation
inverse;interaction;substitution

trade organization chambrepatronale;association

professionnelle

trade pattem structure,physionomie,profil

des 6changes
 - 249-

trade promotion promotiondes echanges,

commerciaie[entreprise]

trade publications publicationsprofessionnelles

trade sanctions sanctionscommerciales

traded goods blensechanges

trademark marque(do fabrique,de commerce)

trader commercant[AfriqueJ;acheteur;marchand;
n6gociant;op6rateur[Bourse]

trading

tradingsee also block trading

trading authority,board office de commerciaiisation

trading company societ6commerciale,de commercialisation,

de negoce

trading currency monnaied'echange;monnaie

pleinementconvertible

trading partners partenairescommerciaux

trading ticket [capitalmarket] ordred'achat et de vente

traffic bearingcapacity;load bearing portance

capacity

traffic count comptagede la circulation;

comptageroutier

train see block train; unittrain

trainee stagiaire

trainingseeadvancedtraining;highertraining;in-housetraining;in-servicetraining;job-relatedtraining;mobile
trainingunit; multimediatrainingmodule;off-the-jobtraining;on-the-jobtraining;project-relatedtraining; retail
training;retraining;skill trainingcenter;vocationaltraining;wholesaletraining

trainingand visit (T & V) system systemede formationet de visites

tranching[loans] decoupage(d'un pret) en plusieurs

tranches
 -250 -

transfer
transfersee also capitaltransfer

transferchargecall; collect call appelen PCV

transferof technology;technology transfertde technologle

transfer
[see also reversetransferof technology]

transferpayments paiementsde transfert;parfois:

transferts
soclaux
transferprice prix de cessioninterne;prix de
transfert;prix interne

transformationsee industrialtransformation;maturitytransformation

transformationcurve;production courbedes possibilitesde production

possibilitycurve

transition;demographictransition transition (d6mographique)

translation;currencytranslation conversionmonetaire;traduction mon6taire

translationadjustment[accounting] ajustementde traduction,conversion

transmissionline [electricityline] ligne de transport

transparency[finance] transparence
[see also fiscaltransparency]

trashyfarming culturesur r6sidus

Treasurybill bon du Tresoren compte courant,

a court terme

Treasurybond bon du TresorA long terme

Treasurynote bon du Tresor

treatmentplant stationd'epuration

tree crop culturearbustive

tree farming sylviculture;arboriculture

tree fodder fourragearbore

 - 251 -

trend rate taux tendanciel

triage triage

trial [agriculture] essalde comportement(desvari6tes)

trickle-downeffect effet d'infiltratlon,

de ruissellement, de retomb6e

trickle irrigation;drip irrigation irrigationau goutte-a-goutte

trigger clause clausede declenchement

trigger price prix de declenchement,d'intervention

TriggerPriceMechanism- TPM [US] m6canismedes prix de declenchement

triple superphosphate- TSP [fertilizer] superphosphate

triple

tropical cattle unit unitebovintropical - UBT

[see also cattle unit]

TropicalForestryAction Plan Pland'actionforestiertropical

[FAO/UNDP/WB/WRI]

tropical rain forest foret dense6quatoriale;foret tropicale

humide
[see also rain forest]

truckers camionneurs;routiers;secteurdu
camionnage;entreprisede transports
routiers

trucking industry camionnage

true lease contrat de locationv6ritable

true to type variety;pure variety variet6d'origine confirmee,pure

[agriculture]

trunk infrastructure infrastructureprimaire

trunk roads grandsaxes; grandesroutes;axes routiers

trunk sewer collecteurprincipal

 252 -

trust

trust see blind trust

trust fund fondsfiduciaire;fonds de fiducie;

fonds g6re; dans certainscas:
fonds (d'affectation)special(e)

Trust Fund [IFCJ Fonds de placement(pour la conversion

de dettesen prise de participations)

Trust Fund reflows[IMF] r6emploides ressources(provenantdes

remboursements au/) du Fondsfiduciaire

trustee administrateurfiduciaire;d6positaire

trypanosomiasis trypanosomiase

tuber crop tubercule

tubewell forage;parfois : puitstubulaire

tuition fees frais d'etudes,de scoiarite;frais

dU'colage[anciennescoloniesbelges]

tumaround (time) [shipping] rotation;tempsd'immobilisation

tuming basin bassind'evitage

tumkey contract,project contrat,projet cl6s en main

tumover rotation;renouveilement;roulement;
chiffred'affaires
[see also inventoryturnover]

turnovertax imp6t sur le chiffre d'affaires

twentyequivalentunits - TEU 6quivalent

vingt pieds - EVP
[containers]

two digit inflation;double digit inflationA deux chiffres

inflation
two-envelopesystem[consultant] systemedes deux enveloppes

two gap model modblea deux 6carts

two-tiermarket doublemarch6
 - 253-

-U-

UHF link [telecommunications] liaisonUHF, en ondesd6cim6triques,

d'uitra hautefr6quence

ultimatemodel modeleexhaustif

ultimaterecoverablereserves- URR reservesidealementr6cup6rables- RIR

ultra low volume (ULV)spraying pulv6risationULV,a volumetres

r6duit;atomisation

umbrellaproject projet "parapiule'

umpire [legal] surarbitre

unaccounted[e.g. water,electricity] non comptabillse;non enregistr6;non

factur6;non recense;non d6clare

unallocatabieexpenditure depensesnon ventilables

unallocated[budget] non impute

unappropriated(earned)surplus beneficesreportes,non distribues

unbundling 6clatement

uncalledcapital capitalnon appel6

uncasedwell puits non tube

undercapitalized auxfonds propresInsuffisants

undercollection[taxation] insuffisancede recouvrement;moins-percu

undercontract;contract, by a l'entreprise

underemployment sous-emploi

undergraduate candidata la licence;6tudianten licence

undergraduatestudies 6tudesde pr6parationa la licence

undergroundeconomy;blackeconomy 6conomieclandestine,parallele,
souterralne

underlnvestment sous-investissement
 -254-

underinvoicing
of exports sous-facturation
des exportations
underleveraged caract6risepar un faible coefficient
d'endettement;sous-endette
[see also leveraged]

underlying sous-jacent;fondamental;tendanciel;
latent;de base;structurel

underdying
costs coOtsimpliqu6s

underiyinginflation inflationend6mique,tendancielle

undernourished sous-alimentes

undernutrition d6nutrition

underprice minorer(des marchandises);casser(des

prix)

underprivileged d6favorise;d6muni;desh&eit

underrun[budget] sous-utilisationd'un credit ouvert

underruncost; cost underrun coOtsinf6rieursaux pr6visions;

surestimationdes coOts;
pourcentagede fonds inutilises

underruntime; time underrun avancepar rapport au calendrier;

gain de temps

underwriter[securities] garantd'emission

underwriters[securities] syndicatde garantie

underwriting

underwritingsee also equity underwriting

underwritingcommitment garantied'emission;engagementde prise

ferme;engagementde souscription[SFI]

underwritingcosts coOtsde garantied'emission,

de priseferme

underwritingsyndicate syndicat(de garantie)d'emission,

de priseferme

undevelopedplot parcellenon amenagee,non viabilis6e

 - 255-

UNDP/WorldBankEnergyAssessment Programmed'evaluationdu secteur

Program 6nergetiquePNUD/Banquemondiale

UNDP/WorldBankWaterDecadeProgram ProgrammePNUD/Banquemondialepour la
decenniede 1'eau potable

undrawnbalance solde disponible,non utilise

unearnedincome revenusautres que la remuneration

du travail

uneconomicproduction productionnon rentable,non economique

unemploymentcompensation,benefit allocation-ch6mage

unengineeredroad route A caracteristiquesreduites

unfundedliabilities deficitactuariel

unfundedsystem[insurance;social r6gimefonde sur la repartition

security]

unifiedbudget budget unHfie

unifiedcross rates parlt6sde changehomogenes;

correspondancedes taux de change
entrediverspays

unimpairedcapital capitalnet d'obligations

unit

unit service;bureau;cellule;
antenne;organe;unit6

unit activity (crop) budget; budget partiel

partialbudget

unit cost prix de revientA l'unit; coOt

unitaire

unit elasticitysee unitaryelasticity

unit of account - UA unitede compte - UC

unit of fertilizer unitefertilisante

unit of output unitede production

 -256-

unit price contract march6a prix unitaires

unit train train cargo; train complet;parfois:

train bloc;

unit trust; open end (investment) soci6t6d'investissement&capital

fund variable- SICAV

unit value valeurunitaire

unit value export index indicede la valeurunitairedes

exportations

unit(ary)elasticity 6lasticiteegalea l'unitW;

elasticite-unit

UnitedNationsProgrammeof Action Programmed'action des NationsUnies

for African EconomicRecoveryand pour le redressement6conomiqueet
Development,1986-1990- UN-PAAERD le developpementde I'Afrique,1986-1990
[UnitedNations]

unlistedsecuritiesmarket second march6(de la bourse)

unlocatedworker travailleurambulant

unpeg (a rate) decrocher[tauxde change];

dcsencadrer[cr6dits]

unrealizedgains plus-valueslatentes,potentielles

unrecordedactivities activitesnon d6clar6es,non

enregistrees,non comptabilisees,
non recens6es

unregulatedhousing constructionanarchiquede logements;

constructionde logementsans plan
d'urbanisme;logement"sauvage"

unreleasedfunds fonds que la Banquen'a pas recu

l'autorisationde preter

unrequitedtransfer transfertunilateral,sans
contrepartie

unreservedforest area zoneforestierenon classie

unrestrictedsubscription[IDA] souscriptionnon assortiede reserves

unscheduledmaintenance operatlonde revislonhors-programme

 - 257 -

unseasonedinvestment investissement qui n'a pas encore

atteint son rendementnormal

unsecured(note,loan, etc.) non garanti;chirographaire

unskilledlabor manoeuvres;main-d'oeuvrenon qualifibe

unspentcredit balance reliquatdu cr6dit

unsubdividedplot parcellenon lotie

unsuccessfulbid offre non retenue

untappedresources ressourcesinexploltees

untiedaid aide non liMe

untyingof aid deliementde l'aide

unwinding[flnance] denouement

upgrade valoriser[p6trole];enrichir [minerais];

r6habilter(un quartier)

upgradingsee slum upgrading

upgradingof skills perfectionnement

upkeepcosts fraisde fonctionnementet d'entretien

[particuliers];fralsd'exploitation
et d'entretien[entreprises]

uplandcrops culturesde hautesterres,

de montagne

uplandrice; mountainrice; highland riz sec, pluvial,de montagne,

rice de savane,de plateau

upper middle Incomecountry - UMIC pays & revenuIntermediaire,tranche

sup6rieure- PRITS

upper secondaryeducation deuxiemecycle de l'enseignement

secondaire

upstreamprocess operationsen amont

upswing phaseascendante,d'expansion;hausse;
pointeconjoncturelle;redressement
 - 258 -
upturn(economic)
upwardtrend
urbandevelopmentarea
UruguayRound[GATT]
usableequity[WorldBank]
usefulfarm space - UFS
usefullife
usercharges,fees
[seealsoroadusercharges]
userfriendly
utilities
[seealso publicutilities]
ameliorationde la conjoncture;
reprised'activite
tendancea la hausse,haussibre
zone & urbaniser
Negociations
d'Uruguay
capitaldisponible
superficieagricole utile- SAU
dureede vie utile
redevances, tarification
des usagers;
prix a payer;taux;droits;frais
d'utilisation
facile;simpled'acces;
amical;"sympa"
(entreprises
de) servicespublics;
r6seauxdivers;parfois: services
et reseaux;
equipements collectifs;
commodites [architecture]
 - 259 -

vaccination
crush couloirde vaccination
vaccination
yard parcde vaccination
valuationfor customspurposes dhtermination
de la valeuren douane

value

valueseefacevalue

value-addedtax - VAT taxea la valeurajoutee- TVA

valuebasedaccounting;
current comptabilitb
descoOtscourants;
valueaccounting (methode
du) bilanactualise

valuedate datede valeur

valuefreezing blocagede la valeurfonciere
valueIn use valeurd'usage
varietytrial essalvari6tal

vaulttoilet fossed'accumulation
vectorborne
disease maladietransmise
pardesvecteurs

vegetable
crop culturemaratchere
vehicleoperating
costs- VOC coOtsde l'exploitation
desv6hicules

veneer placage;boisd6roule;boistranch6

veneerlog grumede placage

veneerwood boisde placage

ventilated
Improvedpit (VIP)latrine fossed'alsanceamelioree
et ventilbe
venture[IFC] projet;entreprise;
operation
venturecapital;riskcapital capitala risque;capital-risque

venturecapitalcompany societ6de capital-risque;

societe
de financementde l'innovation
 -260-

verticalalignment[highways] trace du profil en long

verticalcofinancing cofinancementvertical

vestedinterests droits acquis;interetsen cause

VHF link [telecommunications] liaisonVHF,en ondes m6triques,de tres

hautefrequence

village

villageextensionworker- VEW agentde vulgarisationde village- AW

villagelevel operationand exploitationet entretienau niveau

maintenance- VLOM du village - EENV

villagelevel worker- VLW agent de village

villagewoodlot bols communal

VIP latrinesee ventilatedimprovedpit latrine

vital event fait d'etat civil

vital statistics statistiquesde l'etat civil

vitamindeficiency avitaminose

vocationalguidance orientationprofessionnelle

vocationaltraining formationprofessionnelle

volatilecapital capitauxspeculatifs,instables

volatilestock action volatile

volatility instabilite;volatilite[actions]

volatilityratio [stocksl coefficientb6ta;degr6 de volatilite

volumedriven program programmedont l'ampleurestfonction

du volume des activit6sessentielles

voluntaryexport restraints- VER limitationsvolontairesdes

exportations;autolimitationdes
exportations

voluntarylending; spontaneouslending prets spontanes,volontaires

 - 261 -

voluntaryrestraints
(on trade) restrictions (du commerce)
volontaires

votewithoutmeeting voteparcorrespondance

votingpower de voix
nombre,pourcentage

votingrights voix;nombrede voix;drottde vote

votingstock actionsdonnantdroltde vote

voucher bon; mandatde palement;requ;

talon
piecejustificative;
 - 262 -

wage

wageagreement accordsalarial

wage bill massesalariale

wage claim revendicationsalariale

wage concessions limitation(volontaire)des salaires

wage control r6glementation

des salaires

wage costs coOtssalariaux

wage creep;wage drift d6rapagedes salaires;glissementdes

salaires

wagefreeze blocagedes salaires

wage goods blensde consommationcourante;

bienssalarlaux

wage pressure tendancea la haussedes salaires

wage-priceindexing indexationdes salairessur les prix

wage-pricespiral spiraleprix-salaires

wage rate taux salarial,de salaire

wage restraint disciplinedes salalres;freinage

des salaires

waive,to renoncer[a un droit]; deroger

[a une clause]

waiver

waiver renonciation[A un droit]; abandon

(d'un droit); dispense;derogation
[A une loi ou A un r6glement];
lev6e(d'immunitM);desistement

waiver(of a right) [ICSID] renonciation

 - 263 -

waiver(of immunity)[ICSID] levee

waivernotification[IDA] notificationde renonciationau

principede la r6partitiondes
charges

war and civil disturbancerisk [MIGA] risquede conflitsarm6s et de troubles

civils

warningsignal clignotant;indicateurd'alerte

warrant[finance] warrant

warrantbond obligationa warrant;obligation

warrantee

wastagesee waste

waste;loss In weight [commerce] freinte

waste;wastage[education] deperditions;dechets; rejets

wastesee also domesticwaste

wastedisposal 6vacuationdes dechets;enlevement

des ordures

wastewater eauxresiduaires[industrie];eauxusees

wasting assets actifsdefectibles

water

water balance bilan hydraulique

water-baseddisease infection,maladiea supporthydrique

waterbornedisease infection,maladiehydrique

waterbornesewagesystem tout-a-l'egout

water charges redevancesd'eau

watercontrol maltrisedu pland'eau; maltrisede

l'eau; contr6ledu debit [barrage]

water engineer hydraulicien

water management gestionde l'eau

 -264 -

water supply adductiond'eau (par conduites];

alimentationen eau;
approvisionnement en eau;
distributiond'eau

watertreatmentplant stationd'6purationdes eaux

waterusers'association syndicatd'irrigants

water-washeddisease infection,maladiedue au manqued'eau

wateringsee stock watering

wateringplace point d'eau

watershed bassinversant;ruissellement;ligne
de partagedes eaux;crete;
tournant [sensfigur6]

watershedmanagement amenagementdu bassinversant

waterway vole navigable;vole d'eau

waysand means voleset moyens

wealtheffect effet de richesse

wear and tear (fair) usure (normale)

wearing course;surfacecourse couche de roulement

weighbrlidge pont-bascule

weightedaverage moyennepond6ere

weightedvoting system systemede vote pondcre

welfare

welfare bien-etre;conditionsde vie; action

sociale;aide sociale;affaires
sociales;promotionsociale;sort;
servicessoclaux[dans une entreprise];
transfertssoclaux;prestations
sociales

welfarecosts (of protectionism) coOtseconomlques(du protectionnisme)

welfareeconomy economiede bien-etre

 265 -

welfarepayments prestationssoclales;transferts
soclaux

welfareState Etat providence

well drilling forage,creusementd'un puits

welihead tOtede pubts

wellheadprice prix a la tete de puits

well lining revetementdu puits

wetcore bloc sanitaire

wet gas gaz humide

wet process [cementmanufacture] traitementpar voie humide

wharfage;wharfagecharges droits de qual

white goods; big ticket items produitsblancs;apparellselectromenagers

whole farm budget budget global

wholefarm development developpementIntegrede l'exploitation

wholesalebanking transactionshnterbancaires

wholesaletraining formationdesformateurs

wholly owned subsidiary filialea 100 %

wideningsee capitalwidening

wildcat (drilling) forage sauvage,d'exploration,de

reconnaissance,de recherche

wild flooding Irrigationpar ruissellementnaturel,

par d6versement,par epandage

wildiands terresvierges;terroirsvierges

willingnessto pay - WTP disposition(des beneficiaires,

[project evaluation] consommateurs)a payer

windbreak brise-vent
 -266-

windfallprofit b6n6flceexceptionnel;superprofit;
profit d'aubaine,inattendu,de
conjoncture

window (in a market) cr6neau

[see also discountwindow;ThirdWindow]

windowdressing habillagedu bilan

windowguidance [central bank] encadrementofficieuxdu credit

wiring;connection[water,electricity] raccordement;branchement

'with-and-without"test [projects] test "avecet sans

withholdingtax retenuea la source

woodlot see familywoodlot;villagewoodlot

word processor op6rateur,op6ratricede traitement

de textes; machinede traitementde
textes

workers'participation participationdes salari6s

workers' remittance envol de fonds de travailleurs

a l'6tranger;rapatriementde
salaires;transfertde salaires
[travailleurs6migres]

working

working account compted'exploitation

working age population populationen age de travailler

workingagreement accord provisoire

working capital fondsde roulement

[see also noncashworkingcapital]

workingcapitalloan financementdu fonds de roulement

workingcapital ratio; current ratio de liquidit6generale

ratio

workingfunds massede manoeuvre

 - 267 -

WorkingGroup on Fertilizers Groupede travailsur les engrais

[FAO/UNIDO/WodldBank] FAO/ONUDI/Banquemondiale

working interest[oil, minerals] participationdu concessionnaire;

interet6conomiquedirect

workinglevel,at the au niveaudes servicesoperationnels;

au niveaude l'ex6cution

working population populationactive

working ratio coefficientbrut d'exploitation

workingtable; performancechart tableaude bord

workmen'scompensation indemnitespour accidentsdu travail

work out [WorldBank] restructurationfinanciere

work out arrangements;workouts arrangements

worksheet feuillede travail;fiche de travail;

feuillede presence;projet d'etat
financier

workshop [training] etudespratiques;atelier

World Bank

World BankCapitalMarketsSystem Systbmed'informationsur les marches

- CMS financiers(Banquemondiale)

WorldBank CountryStudy rapporteconomique

World BankDebtorReportingSystem systemede notificationde la dette

a la Banquemondiale

World BankGroup Groupede la Banque

(World Bank)ManufacturingUnit indicede la valeur unitairedes

Value(MUV)Index produitsmanufactur6s

(World Bank)Programof Special Programmed'assistancespeciale(de ia

Assistance(to MemberCountries) Banquemondialeaux pays membres)
- SAL
[sometimes knownas SpecialAction
Program,SpecialAssistanceProgram]

World Bank'sBank Banquede la Banquemondiale

 -268 -

(WorldBank)SpecWiProgramof programme speciaid'asslstance

de ia
Assistance
(forthe Low-Income BanquemondWie (enfavourdes pays
Debt-Distressed
Countriesin i faibierevenusurendett6sd'Afrique
Sub-SaharanArica) subsaharlenne)

Wordd
BankTechnicalPaper rapporttechnique
de ia BanquemondiaWe

WorldDevelopment
Irnicators- WDIs Indicateurs
du developpement
dansle monde

WorldDevelopment
Report Rapportsurle diveloppement
dansle
monde

policy
wrap-upinsurance policeglobale

wrap-upmeeting reunionde synthese

writedown,to; expense,to amortirde fagondegressive

writeoff [noun] passation

parperteset profis;
montantspassespar perteset profits;
cr6anceirr6couvrable
[seealso cumulative
write-offs;
taxwrite-offl
writeoff [verb] passerpar perteset profits;
rWformerdu mat6riel

write up [USA] augmentationerron6ed'un poste du

bilan;sur6valuation
d'un actif
comptabilise

writingdown amortissement
degressif
Ixii

S~~ xx
 - 270 -

yam igname

yieldcurve courbedes rendements

yieldrate tauxde rendement

yieldtest of projects criterede rentabilite

desprojets

yieldto maturity- YTM rendement

a 1'6cheance
 - 271 -

zero
zero basebudgeting- ZBB budget basezero - BBZ

zerocouponbond obligationa couponzero

zerofeepolicy gratuitedesservices

zero growth budget budget a croissancezero

zero populationgrowth- ZPG accroissementd6mographiquenul

zerosumgame jeu a sommenulle

zerotillagesystem systemede culturesanspreparation

du sol

zone extensionofficer- ZEO conseilleragricolede la zone- CAZ

extension]
[agricultural
i
French-EnglishGlossary
Glossairefranfais-anglais
 - 275 -

-A-

a bon rendement6nergetique energy-efficient

a but lucratif profit making
a fonds perdus on a grant basis
a forte intensited'6nergie energy-intensive
a forte intensited'importations import-intensive
a forte intensite,A fort coefficentde labor-intensive
main-d'oeuvre
a la recherchede I'avantagepersonnel rent-seeking
a l'entreprise by contract;undercontract
a la base at the grassroot(s)level
a la pointedu progres stateof the art
a maturite at full development
a part entiere,autonome,purementou free standing;self-contained
exclusivement(sanitaire,p.ex.)
a partirde la base bottom up (approach)
a plein rendement at full development
a prix constants at constantprices;in real terms
a prix coOtant at cost
a titre d'6change trade-off
a titre de don; a titre gracieux on a grant basis
a titre onereux on a paymentbasis
a vocationexportatrice export-oriented
abaissementdes tarifs,droits de douane tariff cuts
abandon drop out
abandon(d'un droit) waiver
abandon(d'un pret) droppage
abandonneren coursd'6tudes drop out
abattage cutting
abattages slaughteredanimals
abattement tax write-off
abattementa ia base personalexemption
abattementfiscal tax deduction;tax relief
abattementforfaitaire standarddeduction
abri fiscal tax shelter
absorber to take over
absorption merger
acceptable manageable
acceptationbancaire bankacceptance,bill; banker'sacceptance
accesau credit creditavailability
accessibilite affordability
acconnage lighterage
accord settlement
accordcadre frameagreement
accord cadre de coop6ration frameworkcooperativearrangement
accordd'aide eventuelle standbyagreement
 - 276 -

: MB-sGyaanent
imemcR;zzfY-!
.; ^^:; : ..t investment
agreement
---.2Oe cessionde creance assignment agreement
ac-c rdoe coentreprise joint venture agreement
de commercialisation
;ccUi marketingarrangement
accord de confirmation standbyarrangement
a cordde creditde developpement development creditagreement
aCCodde domiciliation setasideagreement
.:ei-.dde financement
supplementaire projectfundagreement
de icence licensing agreement
-. secdemaintiendu statuquo standstillagreement
* o--.-. de Now York Plaza Agreement
c&ordde partagede sOret6
C securitysharingagreement
accordde pr6t loanagreement
Accordde prtentrela Banqueet la SFI MasterLoanAgreement
ao.eord de prdtsubsidiaire SubsidiaryAgreement
&ecordde produit commodityagreement
zcco,d de projet projectagreement
,_cord d3erachat buyback agreement; take-out agreement
acceotd de r6echelonnement
pluriannuel multiyearreschedulingarrangement
repurch ase agreement
-.- .ep-se de pr6t loan assummption agreement
acc Tddc, r6tentiond'actions share retentionagreement
aceord de sOret6 security agreement
accrcr du Louvre Paris agreement; Plaza If agreement;
Louvreagreement
Accorddu Plaza PlazaAgreement
accord provisoire workingagreement
accordrelatifau maintiende la valeur maintenanceof valueagreement
accord salarial wage agreement
accordscompensatoires offsetagreements
accords de crbdit creditarrangements
internationaux
aeczo,rds surles produits international
commodityagreements
de base
accrolssementd6mographique nul zeropopulationgrowth
accroissenentnet additionality
accroissements accruals
accueillir to handle
accumulation accruals
accumulationdes investissements crowdingin
c3atde composants, de pibcesA outsourcing
c..&.ranaer
a:lha>de composants,de pibces sourcing
achat decouverture hedgebuying
achats procurement
acnatscdrectsdansle commerce off-the-shelf
purchases
achatsen grandesquantites bulkprocurement
achem.inement shipping
acheminer to handle
 - 277 -

acheteur trader
achbvement completion(of a project)
acompte down payment(on the budget deficit);
advancedeposit; progresspayment;
retainer
aconnage lighterage
acquis lockedIn
acquistechnique technicalbackground
acquisitionde valeursmobiliires, stockownership
actions
acquisitiondes connaissances leaming
acquisitiondes connaissancespar les leaming by discovery
methodesactives
acte constitutif aricles of incorporation;charter
(of a company)
acte de fideicommis deed of trust
acte officiel Instrument
actes proceedings
actif assets
actif circulant,disponible currentassets
actif conditionnel contingentasset
actif de reserve reserveasset
actif net capitalbase
actif(s)transitoire(s),temporaire(s) temporaryassets
actifs ali6nables saleableassets
actifs corporels tangibleassets,property
actifsdefectibles wastingassets
actifs nets net worth
actHfsproductifs performingassets
action performance
action catalytique catalyticrole
action cotee en bourse publiclytraded share,stock
action du gouvemement govemmentperformance
action gratuite bonusshare
action iiberee paid-upstock;fully paid stock
action ordinaire common share;commonstock; ordinary
share; equity
action sociale welfare;social development
action sur la demande demandmanagement
action volatile volatilestock
action(s) stock
actions corporatestocks
actionsd'apport en travail sweatequity
actionsde garantle qualifyingshares
actionsde priorite preferredstock
actionsdonnantdroit de vote voting stock
actionsen circulation outstandingshares,stock
actionsgratuites stock dividend
actionsnominatives registeredshare,stock; personalstock
 - 278 -

actionsprivilegiees preferredstock
activit6centrale core process
activites operation(s);performance
activitescomplementaires follow-up
activit6sdeclarees,enregistrees, recordedactivities
comptabilisees,recensees
activitesdirectementimproductives directlyunproductiveprofit seeking
de maximisationde la rente activities
activit6sde vulgarisation,d'animation outreachactivities
activitesessentielles core business
activitesnon declarees,non unrecordedactivities
enregistrees,non comptabilisees,
non recens6es
activit6spr6alablesa la mise en valeur predevelopmentwork
activitessatellites noncoreactivities
actualisationdes flux financiers, discountedcash flow method
methoded'
actualis6a partirde la deuxiemeann6e time-adjusted
actualiser to discount
adaptation adjustment
adaptationindustrielle industrialtransformation
additionnalite additionality
adductiond'eau water supply
ad6quationdu capitalaux besoins capitaladequacy
adhesion accession
adhesionofficielle formal adherence
ad hoc ad hoc
adjudicataire contractor;successfulbidder; award
adjudicationdes devises foreign exchangeauction
adjudicationpublique,ouverte open tender;public tender
Administrateur ExecutiveDirector
AdministrateurBanque/Fonds dual executivedirector
administrateurdu projet project officer
administrateurfiduciaire trustee
Administration government
administration governmentservices
administration(p.ex. portuaire) authority
administrationlocale local government;local authority
administrationportuaire port authority
administrationspubliques generalgovemment
admissibilite eligibility,eligibilityconditions
admission intake
affacturage factoring
affairessociales welfare
affectation assignment
affectationde credits budgetappropriation
affectationdes benefices allocation,appropriationof profits
affectationdes credits allotment
affectationdes fonds du pret allocationof loan proceeds
 - 279 -

affectationdes ressources allocationof resources

affectationdu revenunet allocationof net income
affecter earmark(funds)
affiliation membership
afflux bunching
afforestation afforestation
Afriquesubsaharienne Sub-Saharan Africa
agencede cooperation counterpartagency
agencede cotation,de classement(des ratingagency
titres)
agenced'6valuationfinanciere ratingagency
Agencemultilateraled'assurancedes MultilateralInvestmentInsuranceAgency
investissements
Agencemultilateralede garantiedes MultilateralInvestmentGuaranteeAgency
investissements
agent agent; agent bank
agent boursier;agent de change broker
agent de recouvrement billingagent
agent de santecommunautaire communityhealthworker
agent de terrain field worker;field agent
agent de village villagelevelworker
agent de vulgarisation extensionagent, worker
agent de vulgarisationde village villageextensionworker
agent de vulgarisationtravaillantsur field-levelextensionworker
le terrain
agent d'execution executingagency
agent economique economicman; economicunit
agent financier fiscalagent
agent recrut6localement local employee
agents staff
agentsde maltrise supervisorystaff
agentsde terrain field staff
agglomerede fumier dung cake
agio premium
agrandissement extension
agregat aggregate
agregatsmonetaires monetaryaggregates
agriculteur farmer
agriculteurde liaison contactfarmer
agriculteurdemuni resources-poorfarmer
agriculteurnovateur advancedfarmer
agriculturede decrue floodplainagriculture,cultivation
agriculturede subsistance subsistencefarming
agriculturesur pente hillsidefarming
agroeconomiste agro-economist
agroforesterie agroforestry
agroindustrie agroprocessing
agroindustries agribusiness;agroindustries;agro-based
industry
 -280 -

aide & la restructuratlon,AIalustement adjustmentaid

aide budgetaire budgetaryaid
aide-comptable bookkeeper
aide concesslonnelle,llb6rae concessional,concessionaryaid
aide conditionnelle,116e tied aid
aide en nature commodityassistance
aide hors-projet nonprojectaid
aide non lie untiedaid
aidep6dagogique instructionalaid
aide-programme programaid
aide projet project aid
aide publiqueau d6veloppement officialdevelopmentassistance
aide sociale welfare
aide-soignante practicalnurse
aiguillage referral
aire d'infestation infectedarea
alsancemon6talre easymoney
ajustementde change exchangeadjustment
ajustementde traduction,conversion translationadjustment
ajustementfinancier financialadjustment
ajustemen:structurel structuraladjustment
ajuster reconcile
aleas contingencies
aleasfinanciers financialcontingency
aleviner to stock
aWigner reconcile
alignersur to peg (prices,interestrates)
alimentd'appoint supplemental,supplementaryfeed
alimentde base staple (food)
alimentatlonen eau water supply
ailmentscomplimentalres feed supplement;supplement
ailmentscomposes mixedfeeds
alimentsdu b4tail feed
allegement(d'une dette) relief
allegementde la dette debt relief
allegementfiscal tax mitigation;tax relief
allertrop loin overshoot
allocation-chomage unemploymentcompensation,benefit
allocationde change exchangeallocation
allocution statement
allocutionprincipale keynoteaddress,speech
alourdissementautomatiquede pression fiscal drag
fiscale
alphab6tisation literacyeducation
alphabetisationfonctionnelle functionalliteracy
alphabetisme literacy
amalgame mix
amelioratlonde la conjoncture upturn (economic)
amellorationdes methodesde gestion managementdevelopment
 - 281 -

am6nagement development;management;relief;scheme
amenagement(d'une dette) relief
am6nagementde la dette reschedulingof a debt; rephasingof a debt
amenagementde l'environnement environmentalengineering
amenagementde 1'espace land use planning
am6nagementde l'ombrage shademanagement
amenagementdes carribres careerdevelopment
amenagementdes parcours rangemanagement
amenagementdes terrains landdevelopment
amenagementdesterres land improvement;land development
amenagementdu bassinversant watershedmanagement
amenagementdu terrain site development
amenagementdu territoire land use planning;physicalplanning;
regionalplanning
amenagementforestier forest management
amenagementhydroenergetique hydrodevelopment
amenagements terminaux,au niveaude on-farmdevelopments,improvements
l'exploitation
amenageur physicalplanner
amendement fertilization
amorcede la reprise takeoff(e.g.of an economy)
amortirde facon degressive to write down; to expense
amortissement amortization(of loan); payoff;redemption
amortissementaccelerb accelerateddepreciation
amortissementcumule accumulateddepreciation;accrued
depreciation
amortissementde la dette debt retirement
amortissementdegressif writingdown; declining balancemethod;
reducingcharge method
amortissementdiffere deferreddepreciation
amortissementlineaire,constant straight-linedepreciation
amortissementpar annuites annuity-typerepaymentterms
(amortissement)par annuites(6gales) level annuitysystem
analyseex ante ex ante analysis
analysecoOts-avantages cost-benefitanalysis
analysede deroulement flow chart; processchart
analysede l'6quilibregeneral generalequilibriumanalysis
analysede point mort, par le point mmar break-evenanalysis
analysede reseaux networkanalysis
analysede sensibilite sensitivityanalysis
analysedes echangesinterindustrieEs input-outputanalysis
analysedesflux financiers fundsflow analysis
analysedes gouletsd'etranglement bottleneckanalysis
analysestatiqued'equilibrepartiel static welfareanalysis
analysetransversale cross-sectionalanalysis
analystedes valeurs securitiesanalyst
ancien participant fellow
animateur field worker;motivator;outreachworker
animateurrural extensionagent,worker
 - 282 -

animation community development

animation,
activit6sd' outreachactivties
animauxreproducteurs breedingstock
anneebudgetaire fiscalyear;financialyear
anneecafeiere coffeeyear
anneede reference, de base baseyear
annexe schedule
annoncede contributions pledging
annualisation annualization
annuite annuity
annulation forgiveness (of a debt)
annulation
de la dette debtcancellation
annulation
(d'unpret) cancellation (of a loan)
antenne fieldunit;outreachactivities;outreach
post;unit
antennede formation mobiletrainingunit
anthracite stonecoal
anticipationsinflationnistes inflationary
expectations
anticipationsrationnelles rationalexpectations
antistimulant disincentive
antitransformation negative termtransformation
aplatissement (dela courbed'un flatteningout
graphique)
appareiladministratif machinery
administrative
appareilde mesuredes Irregularites
de bumpintegrator
la chauss6e
appareils6lectromenagers whitegoods;bigticketitems
appela la concurrence dont la competitive biddingin accordance with
publiciteestfaitelocalement localprocedures; localcompetitive
bidding
appela la concurrence
internationale internationalcompetitive bidding
appelAla concurrencelocale localcompetitive bidding
appeld'offres competitive bidding;invitationto bid,to
tender
appeld'offresinternational internationalcompetitive bidding
appeld'offresinternational
restreint limitedinternationalbidding
appelde fonds callfor capital;callof capital
appelen PCV collectcall;transferchargecall;
reversechargecall
appelable callable(capital,subscription)
appoint,d' marginal
apport package
apport(enressources) input
apportde capital investment
apportde capitaux capitalinflow;inflowof capital
apportde fondspublics officialflows
apporten calories calorieintake
apporten espbces cashequity
apporten num6raire cashinput
 - 283-

apport(s)d'engrais fertilization
apports(de fonds) accruals
apportsintermediaires IntermediateInputs
appreciation appreciation(in value)
apprendrepar l'experience leaming by doing
apprentissage learning
apprentissagepar l'action leaming by doing
appret finishing
approbation clearance
approbationtacite, (procedurea) "no objection' (procedure)
approche& la carte menu approach
approfondissement du capital capitaldeepening
approvisionnementen eau watersupply
approvisionnements procurement
approvisionnements en intrants inputsupplies
approvisionner replenish(an account)
appuitechnique backstopping
aptitudea assurerle servicede la dette debt servicingcapacity
apurement settlement
apurer (un compte) reconcile
aqueduc culvert
arbitrage trade-off
arbitragede change exchangearbitrage
arbitragefiscal tax arbitrage
arbitre arbitrator
arboriculture tree farming
arbred'ombrage shadetree
arbreforestier forest tree
arbrefourrager foddertree; foragetree
archivage storage
argent au jour le jour call money;day to day money;demand
money;moneyat call; overnightfunds
argent cher, rare tight money
argent oisif idle cash
argument& l'appui de... justification
aridoculture dry farming;drylandfarming
arpentage survey;surveying
arrangementde soudure bridgingarrangement,credit
Arrangementmultffibres MultifibreArrangement
arrangements work out arrangements;workouts
arrangementsconsortiaux club deal
arrangementsde commercialisation orderly marketingarrangements
ordonnee,d'organisation
du (de) march6(s)
arret shutdown
arretb bylaws
arrieres arrearage;arrears;debt due
arrieresd'imp6ts delinquenttaxes
arri6resde paiement paymentarrears
 - 284 -

arrivages landings
article commodity
article de marque proprietarygood, item
(articles,sommes,etc.) passespar lossesand write-offs
pertes et profts
aspectsnon mat6riels software
assainir reclaim
assainissement land reclamation;rehabflitation;
sanitation
assainissement des taudis slum upgrading
assainissement du milieu environmentalhealth,sanitation
assainissement financier financialadjustment
assecher reclaim
Assembleeannuelle(des Conseilsdes Annual Meetings(of the Boardsof
Gouvemeurs)de la Banquemondialeet Governors)of the World Bankand
du Fonds monetaireinternational the InternationalMonetaryFund
assiette(de l'imp6t) tax base
assisefinanciere capitalbase
assiseindustrielle industrialbase
assistance relief
assistanceoperationnelle OperationalAssistance
assistantde secretariat staff assistant
assistanttechnique technicalassistant
associationprofessionnelle trade organization
assolement croppingpattern
assouplissement monetaire(politiqued') monetaryease
assujetissement a un imp6t tax liability
assurancedes investissements investmentinsurance
assurancemultilateraledes multilateralinvestmentinsurance
investissements
assurancemultirisque,"tous risques" comprehensiveinsurance
assurancessociales socialinsurance
assurerla releve to take over
assurerle serviced'un pret servicea loan
asymetriedes echeances maturitymismatch
atelier workshop
atelierd'engraissement feedlot
atomisation ultra low volume spraying
attendusd'un accord preambleto an agreement;recital of an
agreement
attestationsur la dette exterieure debt representationletter
attestations representations
attraction crowdingin
attribution award
attributiond'actionsgratuites bonusissue
attributions terms of reference
attrition attrition;naturalwastage
au coCt des facteurs at factor cost (f.c.)
au niveaude l'ex6cutlon at the workinglevel
 - 285 -

au niveaude la communaute at the grassroot(s)level

au niveaudes servicesoperationnels at the workinglevel
au niveaulocal at the grass root(s)level
au prix de revient at cost
audit audit
audit 6nergetique energyaudit
auditeur auditor
augmentationau merite merit Increase
augmentationde la valeur appreciation(Invalue)
augmentationde l'importancedes financialdeepening
circuitsfinanciers
augmentationde l'importancedu secteur industrialdeepening
industriel
augmentationerroneed'un postedu bilan write-up
augmentationgeneraledu capital GeneralCapitalIncrease
augmentationselectivedu capital SelectiveCapitalIncrease
austeritebudgetaire budget stringency
austeritefinancibre financialrestraint,stringency
aust&eit monetaire monetarystringency;tight money
auto-ajustement self-adjustment
auto-amortissable redeemable
auto-approvisionnement self-sufficiency
auto-assistance self-help
auto-assurance self-insurance
autocentre inward-looking
autoconsommation home-consumedproduction;on-farm
consumption
autocorrection self-adjustment
autofinancement self-financing
autolimitation self-restraint
autolimitationdes exportations voluntaryexport restraints
autonomie self-reliance
autonomiecollective collectiveself-reliance
autorisation clearance
autorisationlegislative enablinglegislation
Autoritequi a designe(les experts DesignatingAuthority(of PanelMembers)
figurantsur la liste)
autorites government
autosoins;autotherapie self-care;self-treatment
autosuffisance self-sufficiency
autres apportsdu secteurpublic other officialflows
autres postesde l'actif sundryassets
autres postesdu passif sundryliabilities
aux fonds propres insuffisants undercapitalized
aux prix courants at currentprices
auxiliairesp6dagogiques teachingaids
aval guarantee
avancede demarrage mobilizationadvance
avancepar rapportau calendrier time underrun
 -286 -

avance pour la preparationdu projet Project PreparationFacilityadvance

avancePPF Project PreparationFacilityadvance
avances mobilizationpayments
avancesa vue call money;day to day money;demand
money;moneyat call
avancesde caisse cash advance
avanceset retards leads and lags
avant-m6tre preliminaryestimatesof quantities
avant-projet engineeringstudies;preliminarydesign,
engineering
avant-projetdetaille detaileddesign
avant-projetsommaire preliminarydesign, engineering
avantage incentive
avantageadditionnelnet incrementalnet benefit
avantagecomparatif comparativeadvantage
avantageen aval downstreameffect,benefit
avantagefiscal tax incentive
avantageinduit induced benefit
avantageinduit en amont induced-bybenefit
avantageinduit en aval stemming-frombenefit
avantagemarginal marginalbenefit
avantagerelatif trade-off
avantagesadditionnels incrementalbenefits
avantagescollectifs social advantages
avantageseconomiques economicbenefits
avantagessociaux,complementaires fringe benefits
avantageux concessional;concessionary
avenant amendment,amendingagreement
avertissement tax bill, demand
avertisseur leading indicator;signal
avis de preselection invitationto prequalify
avisfinancier tombstone
avis generalde passationde marche generalprocurementnotice
avisjuridique legal opinion
avitaminose vitamindeficiency
avocat advocate
avoir de reserve reserveasset
avoirfiscal tax credit
avoir un effet multiplicateur leverage
avoirs assets;holdings
avoirsa l'etranger foreignassets
avoirsAvue sight assets
avoirsau coOtd'acquisition historicallyvaluedassets
avoirsen caisse cash balance;cash holdings;cash in hand;
cash on hand
avoirsen or gold holdings
avoirsen portefeuille stock ownership
avoirsexterieurs foreignassets
avoirs int6rieurs domesticassets
 - 287 -

avoirs non productHs nonperforming assets

avoirs officiels official holdings
avoirs remunerateurs,productifs earning assets
axe sur l'avenir forward-looking
axes routiers trunk roads
 - 288 -

-B-

bac ferry
bachelier graduate
bagage background
bagageminimal basic skills
bagagetechnique technicalbackground
bail avec option d'achat leasepurchase
bain antiparasitaire dip
baisse downswing;downturn(economic)
balancecommerciale balanceof trade; merchandisebalance;
trade balance
balancedes paiementscourants current balanceof payments
balancedes paiementscourants,des currentaccount
operationscourantes
banalise convertedto a full-serviceoperation
banque(de credit) hypothecaire mortgagebank
banqueagreee authorizedbank
banqueassociee affiliatebank
banqued'affaires investmentbank; merchantbank
banquede d6p6t deposit bank
banquede deuxiemerang secondtier bank
banquede developpement developmentbank
Banquede la Banquemondiale WorldBank's Bank
banqued'emission bankof issue;issuingbank
banquedepositaire depositorybank
banquede reserve reservebank
banqued'origine parentbank
banquemere parentbank
banquenon bancaire nonbankbank; nonbankfinancialinstitution
banqueoff-shore offshorebank
banquesinstalleessur les principales moneycenter banks
placesfinancibres
bareme schedule;tariff schedule;tariffs
barbmedbgressif degressivescale
baremedes prix pricelist
barils equivalentpetrole barrelsof oil equivalent
barilspar jour 6quivalentpetrole barrelsper day of oil equivalent
barometre signal
barrageA remblaide terre earthfilldam
barragede derivation diversiondam
barragede retenue storagedam
barrageen terre foulee earthfilldam
barred'armature,de renforcement rebar
barrierenon tarifaire nontariffbarrier
basecumuleede calculdes interets cumulativecharge number
base,de underlying
 - 289 -

basede calcul des interets charge number

based'imposition tax base
baseindustrielle industrialbase
basemonetaire high-power(ed)money
basesde soumission biddingconditions
bassind'evitage turning basin
bassind'immersion dipping tank
bassinhouiller coal field
bassinhydrographique catchmentarea;catch basin;drainagebasin
bassinversant watershed;catchmentarea; catch basin
bateau-citerne tanker
b6nefice income;profit
beneficeau change exchangepremium
b6neficebrut d'exploitation gross operatingprofit
ben6ficecomptable,fictif, theorique paper profit
beneficeexceptionnel windfallprofit
b6n6ficenet net income (for period)
btnefice net d'exploitationattribuable projectrent
au projet
benefices earnings
beneficesnon distribues earnedsurplus;retainedearnings
bbneficesoccultes hiddenprofits
ben6ficesr6investis plowed-backprofits
beneficesreportes,non distribues unappropriated(earned)surplus
beneficiairede l'aide de l'IDA IDA recipient
beneficiairede la garantie guarantee
besoinscollectifs socialwants
besoinsde financement borrowingrequirements
besoinsnets de tresorerie net cash requirements
besoinsnutritifs nutrientrequirements
bestiaux cattle
betail cattle; livestock
betailsur pied cattle on the hoof
biais bias
bidonville slum; squatterarea,settlement
biefd'amont headrace
bien 6changeable tradable
bien-etre welfare
bien-etresocial socialwelfare
bien exportablenon exporte nontradedtradable;tradablebut nontraded
(item,good)
bien importablenon importe nontradedtradable;tradablebut nontraded
(item,good)
biens capitaux capitalgoods; capitalequipment
biens collectHfs socialgoods; publicgoods
biens corporels tangibleassets,property;physicalassets
biens de capital capitalgoods; capitalequipment
biens de consommation consumergoods
biens de consommationcourante wage goods
 - 290 -

biensde consommationdurables durablegoods; durables;consumerdurables

biensde production producergoods; investmentgoods
biensd'equipement capitalgoods; capitalequipment;
investmentgoods
biensd'equipementmenager householdgoods
biensd'int6r6tsocial merit goods
biensechanges traded goods
bienset services goods and services
bienset servicesmarchands commodity
biensfongibles consumables
biens immeubles real assets
biens incorporels intangibleassets,property
biensintermediaires intermediategoods; intermediateinputs
biens materiels tangibleassets,property;physicalassets
biens mobiliers chattels
biens ne faisant pasl'objet d'echanges nontradedgoods
internatlonaux
biens non schangeables nontradable
biens r6els real capital;tangible assets,property
bienssalarlaux wage goods
biensstandards off-the-shelfgoods
biensterminaux,finals final goods
bienstut6laires merit goods
bilan bottom line; performance;schedule
bilan actualise,(methodedu) currentcost (value)accounting
bilan consolide consolidatedbalancesheet
bilandes projets (d'agriculture,etc.) sectorimplementationreview
bilan d'execution implementationreview
bilan d'executiondes projets (par pays) country implementationreview
bilan energetique energyaudit; energybalance
bilanfinancier financialperformance,results
bilanfourrager feed balance;feed estimate
bilan hydraulique waterbalance
billet a ordre promissorynote
billetsde tresorerie commercialpaper
bloc sanitaire wetcore
blocage freeze (of salaries,prices, etc.); jumbo
borrowing,loan
blocagede la valeurfonciere valuefreezing
blocagedes prix pricefreeze
blocagedes salaires wagefreeze
bois communal villagewoodlot
bois de defriche clearedwood
bois de feu fuelwood;firewood
bois de placage veneerwood
bois d6roul6 veneer
bois d'oeuvre timber
bois rond roundwood
bois sci6 sawnwood
 - 291 -

bois tranche veneer

boisement afforestation
boisementet reboisement reafforestation
bon note;voucher
bon a prime (d'emission) discountnote
bon a taux flottant; bon a taux revisable floating rate note
bon a vue demandnote
bon de sortie exit bond
bon d'equipement developmentbond
bon du Tresor Treasurynote
bon du Tresora long terme Treasurybond
bon du Tresoren comptecourant,a court Treasurybill
terme
bon ne portant pas int6ret noninterestbearingnote
bon non negociable nonnegotiablenote
bon rendementenergetique,a energy-efficient
bonificationdes terres land Improvement
bonificationd'lnterets Interestrebate;Interestsubsidy,
subsidization
bonnevolonte, clausede goodwillclause
bonus (au comptant) cash bonus
bord a bord, de free in and out
bordereau schedule
bordereaude prix priced bill of quantities
bornage survey
borne;borne-fontaine standpipe;standpost;hydrant
borner to peg out
bosquetfamilial familywoodlot
bouesactivees activatedsludge
bourse McNamara McNamaraFellowship
bouture cutting
bovin a aptitudemixte; bovin Adoublefin dual-purposecattle
bovins cattle
branche subsector
branched'activite industry
branched'activite marchande industry
branched'activit6 pionniere, pioneerindustry
d'avant-garde
brancheindustrielle industry
branchement connection;wiring; service;serviceline;
supplyline
brigaded'entretien maintenanceunit
brise-vent windbreak
Britishthermalunit BritishThermalUnit
brOlis ashfarming;burn-beating;burning
brut de reference marker,benchmarkcrude
brut l6gerd'Arabie light Arabiancrude; SaudiArabianlight
crude
budgetA croissancezero zero growth budget
 - 292 -

budget basezero zero base budgeting

budgetde devises exchangebudget
budgetde fonctionnement currentbudget
budgetde gestion cash budget
budgetde l'exerciceen cours currentbudget
budgetd'equipement,d'investissement capitalbudget;investmentbudget
budget de realisation performancebudget
budgetde tresorerie cash budget
budget d'exploitation operatingbudget
budget d'une exploitation farm budget
budget extraordinaire specialbudget;extraordinarybudget
budget global wholefarm budget
budget ordinaire current budget
budgetpar poste line item budget
budget partiel partialbudget;unitactivity (crop) budget
budgetprevisionnel budget estimates
budgetde programmes programbudget
budgetunifie unifiedbudget
budgetisation budgeting
budgetisationintegrale full budgeting
bump integrator bump integrator
bureau unit
bureaude representation representative office
bureaud'6tudes consultingfirm
bureaudu projet project managementunit; project unit
bureauext6rieur field office
bureautique officeautomation
buse culvert
 - 293 -

--

cabineta chassed'eau cistemflush latrine

cabineta fosse pit privy
cabinet-conseil;cabinetde consultants; consultingfirm
cabinetd'etudes
cable de garde groundwire
cabotage coastalshipping
cadastre landregister
cadre de direction executive
cadre de reference(d'une etude) terms of reference
cadre institutionnel institutionalframework
cadre superieur executive
cadres executives;higherlevel staff; managers;
management;professionalstaff;
managerialstaff;supervisorystaff
cadres (moyens) middlemanagement
cadresde maltrise supervisorygrades
cadressup6rieurs management
cafe parche parchmentcoffee
cahierdes charges specifications
cahierdes clausesgen6rales generalconditionsof contract
cahierdes clausesparticulieres specialconditionsof contract
caissed'amortissement sinkingfund
caissed'avances revolvingfund
caissede credit agricole agriculturalcredit intermediary
caissede financementde la production _griculturalwroductionand export (apex)
et des exportationsagricoles bank
caissede perequation stabilizationfund; equalizationfund
Caissede retraitedu personnel Staff RetirementFund
caissede s6curitesociale socialsecurityfund; social security
scheme
caissede stabilisationdes changes exchangestabilizationfund
calcul design
calculde r6sistanceet de stabilite structuraldesign
calculdes coOts costing
calculdes prix de revient cost accounting
calculdes prix soclaux socialpricing
calculsur une baseannuelle annualization
cale de radoub;cale seche dry dock
calendrier schedule;timing
calendrierd'amortissement amortizationschedule;repaymentschedule
calendrierdes ech6ances, debt serviceschedule
d'amortissementde la dette
camion-citerne tanker
camion grumier logging truck
camionnage trucking Industry
 - 294 -

carmionneurs truckers
campagne crop year
canal de fuite tailrace;spillwaychute
canalisation harnessing
candidata la licence undergraduate
cantonnier lengthman
capacitecontributive ability to pay
capacited'absorption absorptivecapacity
capacited'accueil capability
capacited'amarrage berthingcapacity
capacited'autofinancement internalcash generation;internally
generatedfunds; cash generation
capacit6de charge (aes paturages) carryingcapacity
capac3iede financement creditworthiness;credit standing
capacited'emprunt,d'endettement borrowingcapacity
capacited'endettement creditworthiness;credit standing;debt
carryingcapacity
capaci46de production productivecapacity
capacited'importationderiveedes importingpower of exports
exportations
capacit6excedentaire,inutilisee excesscapacity
capacitefinanci6re affordability
capacitenominale ratedcapacity
capacitenominale,theorique design capacity
capital stock
capitai-actions sharecapital
capitala risque venturecapital;risk capital
capitald'amorgage,de lancement seed capital,money
capital,de capital-intensive
capitaldisponible usablecapital
capitalemis issuedshare capital
capitalentierementlibere paid-upcapital
capitalfixe fixed capital;capitalasset(s)
capitalimmobilier real estateequity
capitalinvesti investment
capitallib6re paid-in(share)capital;primary equity
capitalnational capitalstock
capitalnet d'obligations unimpairedcapital
capitalnon appele uncalledcapital
capital-risque venturecapital;risk capital
capitalsocial capitalstock; equity; equitycapital;
capitalstock (of a corporation);share
capital
capitalsocial autoris6 authorizedsharecapital
capitaltechnique capitalgoods; capitalequipment
capitalverse paid-in(share)capital
capitalisation compounding
capitalisationboursiere(d'une capitalization
entreprise)
 - 295 -

capitalisationdes effetsde l'inflation inflationaccounting

capitaliser capitalize
capitalistique capital-intensive
capitauxa des conditionscommerciales commercialcapital
capitauxetrangers,exterieurs(publics, foreign capital(official,private)
prives).
capitauxfebriles hot money;funk money
capitauxgeles,bloqu6s,immobilises frozen capital
capitauximmobilises,bloques lockedup capital
capitauxinvestis cashequity
capitauxmobiles,disponibles,flottants floating capital
capitauxpermanents capitalization;investmentcapital;
investedcapital;capital;(owners')
equity plus medium-and long-term
(MLT)debt
capitauxpropres stockholders'equity; shareholders'
equity;owners' equity;equity;
net worth
capitauxpublics officialcapital
capitauxspeculatifs,instables volatilecapital
captage harnessing
capture catch
caracterecompl6mentaire additionality
caractereplus ou moinsfavorable, degreeof concessionality
liberal
caracterisepar un faible coefficient underleveraged
d'endettement
caracterisepar un fort degre highlyleveraged;leveraged
d'endettement
caracteristiquesde performance performancespecifications
caracteristiques techniques designstandards;specifications
carburol gasohol
carenceen sels mineraux mineraldeficiency
carencenutritionnelle nutritionaldeficiency
carenceprot6ique proteindeficiency
carottage logging
carotte core sample;core; bore core
carottede sondage bore core; core; core sample;drill core
carre compound
carrossable serviceable
carte menuapproach
carte de creiit professionnelle corporatecharge card
carte des options menuapproach
cas limites (paysentrantdans la thresholdcountries
categoriedes)
cash-flow cashflow
casser(des prix) underprice
catalogue price list
cautionbancaire guarantee
 - 296 -

cautionde soumission bid bond

cautionsolidaire joint and severalguarantee
cautionnement bonding;guarantee
cautionnementprealable,provisoire bid bond
cautionnementprovisoire bid security
cedant assignor
c6der A titre onereux to dispose(of for value
cellule unit
cellulede base core housing;nuclearhousing;dwelling
core
celluleeconomique economicunit
cellules6lementaires core housing;nuclearhousing
centiemede pour cent basispoint
centrale plant
centraleA charbon coal fired power station
centralealiment6e& la biomasse biomass(power)plant,station
centraleau fuel diesel(fired)powerplant
centraleau mazout oil fired powerstation
centralede base baseload station
centralede productionde biogaz biogas plant
centraleminiere pftheadpower plant
centralethermiqueA vapeur steamplant
centralisation pooling
centre targeted
centre d'6changede renseignements clearinghouse
centrede co2ts cost center
centrede decision decision-makingbody
centre de formationprofessionnelle skill training center
centred'enseignement educationfacilities
centre de profit profit center
centre de protectionmaternelleet motherand child health center
infantile
centre de r6serve reservecenter
centrede responsabilite responsibilitycenter
centre de santepublique public healthcenter
centre d'6tudesavanc6es excellencecenter
centre d'excellence excellencecenter
centre d'information clearinghouse
centred'investissement investmentcenter
centresinternationauxde recherche internationalagriculturalresearch
agricole centers
cerealesfourrageres feed grains
c6r6alespanifiables bread grains
cerealessecondaires coarsegrain(s)
cerealestraditionnelles coarsegrain(s)
cer6alesvivribres food grains
certificatde dep6t certificateof deposit
certificatde reception(destravaux) completioncertificate(of a project)
cessationde fonctions termination
 - 297 -

cessationde palement default(on payment)

cessationde service separation
cessationdes prets (de la BIRD) graduation
cession assignment
cessiona bail leasehold
cessiond'actions divestiture
cessiond'6cheancesde prets sale of loanmaturities
cessionde dettes debt sales
cessionde portefeuille,de titres portfoliosale
cessionde service termination
cessionde titres en portefeuille salefrom portfolio
cessiond'actions(d'une nouvelle spin-off
societeaux actionnairesde la
soci6t6mere)
cession-bail leaseback
cessionnaire assignee
chatne (de production) productionline
chaine alimentaire food chain
cha7nede retroaction feedbackloop
chambrede compensation clearinghouse
chambrepatronale trade organization
champ field
champd'application coverage
champ off-shore,sous-marin offshorefield
changelibre free (foreign)exchange
changement shift
chantier site
charboncokefiant coking coal
charbonde centrale;charbonde chaudibre steamcoal
charbonepure cleancoal
charbonmaigre hard coal; anthracite
charbontout-venant minerun coal; run-of-minecoal
charbon-vapeur steamcoal
charge extender;stock
chargede base baseload
charge de l'enseignant teachingload
charge de pointe peakload
charge de prets loan officer
charg6 de projets projectofficer
charg6 des decaissements disbursementofficer
chargefiscale tax burden
charge minimale baseload
charge potentielle(d'un paturage) stockcarryingcapacity (of an area)
charge utile carryingcapacity;payload
chargementcomplet de conteneur full containerload
chargementpartielde conteneur less than containerload
charger (un pAturage) stock (to)
chargesa payer accruals
chargescalcul6es noncashexpenses
 - 298 -

chargescomptabilis6esen trop overaccruals

chargesde fonctionnement,d'exploitation operatingexpenses,costs
chargesd'exploitationnon monetaires noncashoperatingexpenses
chargesrecurrentes,renouvelables recurrentcosts
chargesconstateesd'avance deferredcharges,expenses
charte charter(of a company)
charte-partie charterparty
chausseelat6rale serviceroad
chef de chantier siteforeman
chef de file lead bank;lead manager
chefd'entreprise entrepreneur
chefdes servicesfinanciers comptroler
chemincritique,methodedu critical path method
chenald'acces entrance,access,leadingchannel;fairway
cheptel cattle; stock
cheptel(vif) livestock
chiffreapproximatif ballparkfigure
chiffred'affaires turnover
chiffreseffectifs,constates,reels actual(s)
chiffresindicatifsde planification IndicativePlanningFigures
chiffresresiduels(obtenuspar residuals
difference)
chimiefine pharmaceuticalchemistry
chirographaire unsecured(note,loan, etc.)
choc petrolier oil shock
choix trade-off
ch6magedeclare,connu open unemployment
ch6mage frictionnel frictionalunemployment
ch6mageocculte,deguis6 concealed,covert,disguised,hidden
unemployment
ch6magestructurel structuralunemployment
chronologie time pattern;timing
cible targeted
circuitde commercialisation channel
classementde projets projectranking
classementdes impayespar anciennete aging schedule
classementdes postes job grading
classementmatriciel,a double entree cross-classification
classesalternees;classesde roulement doubleshift teaching;doubleshifting
Classificationinternationaletype, par InternationalStandardIndustrial
industrie,de toutes les branches Classificationof All EconomicActivities
d'activiteeconomique
Classificationtype pour le commerce StandardInternationalTrade
international Classification
classique standard
clausecompromissoire arbitrationclause
claused'ant6riorite grandfatherclause
clausede bonnevolonte goodwillclause
claused'echellemobile escalatorclause
 - 299 -

clausede conditionnalitereciproque cross-conditionality

clause
clausede d6clenchement trigger clause
clausede d6faut crolse cross-defaultclause
clausede derogationtemporaire bisqueclause
clausede la nationla plus favorls6e most-favored-nationclause
clausede malntiendes avantagesacquis grandfatherclause
clausede manquementreciproque cross-defaultclause
clausede miseen vigueurliMe cross-effectiveness
clause
clausede nantissementnbgative,de ne negativepledgeclause
pas faire, n6gative,pad passu
clausede rendez-vous (periodic)reviewclause
clausede renvol cross-referenceclause
clausede revision(des prix) escalationclause
clausede r6visiondes prix priceadjustment,escalationclause;
escalatorclause
clausede risqueindependant sole risk clause
clausede sauvegarde escape,break,jeopardyclause;hedge
clause
clausede subordinationreciproquepour cross-effectiveness
clause
l'entr6een vigueur
claused'exlgibilit crois6e cross-defaultclause
claused'ill6galite illegalityclause
claused'indexation escalatorclause
clausemultidevises multicurrencyclause
clausepari passu parl passuclause;negativepledgeclause
clausep6nale penaltyclause
clauseprevoyantdes primes bonusclause
clauses covenants
clausesrestrictives bracketing
clavierfiscal tax handles
client clientcountry
clientA faible utilisation low load factor consumer
client bassetension low voltageconsumer
clienthautetension highvoltage consumer
clientmoyennetension mediumvoltageconsumer
clientele clientcountry; goodwill
clignotant warningsignal;signal
clinker clinker
cl6turede l'instance closureof the proceeding
coassurancequalitative qualitativecoinsurance
coassurancequantitative quantitativecoinsurance
cochef de file (banque) colead manager
coefficientbeta volatilityratio
coefficientbrut d'exploitation workingratio
coefficientd'actualisation discountfactor
coefficientde Bruno Bruno ratio
coefficientde Brunomodifie internalexchangerate; modifiedBruno
ratio
coefficientde capital capital-outputratio
 - 300 -

coefficientde capitallsationdes price-earningratio; P/E ratio

resultats
coefficientde chargedu reseau systemloadfactor
coefficientde conversionbasesur la consumptionconversionfactor
consommation
coefficientde conversionstandard standardconverslonfactor
coefficientde corr6lationdes rangs de Spearman'srank correlationcoefficient
Spearman
coefficientde coOten ressources domesticresourcecost ratio; domestic
interieures resourcecost coefficient
coefficientde liquidite liquidityratio; reserveratio
coefficientde lissage smoothnessratio
coefficientde placement sinkingfund factor
coefficientde protectioneffective effectiveprotectioncoefficient
coefficientde protectionnominale nominalprotectioncoefficient
coefficientde recuperationdu capital capitalrecoveryfactor
coefficientde subventioneffective effectivesubsidy ratio
coefficientd'importation(ratiodes import coefficient
importationsa la productiontotale)
coefficientd'intensit6capitalistique capital-laborratio
coefficientd'int6retscompos6s compoundingfactor
coefficientd'occupationdes sols land use ratio
coefficientd'utilisationdesfonds gearingratio
propres
coefficientmarginalde capital incrementalcapital-outputratio
coefficientmarginalde reserve marginalreserverequirement
coefficientminimumd'encaisse minimumcash ratio
coefficientnet d'exploitation operatingratio
coefficienttechnique input-outputcoefficient
coentreprise joint venture
coffret kit
cofinancement cofinancing
cofinancementNapr&scoup" ex post cofinancing
cofinancementvertical verticalcofinancing
cofinancier cofinanc(i)er
cogestion codetermination;comanagement
cokerie coke ovenplant
collaborateurs staff
collectede donnees data collection
collecter collect;to raise(funds,etc.)
collecteur main(s)
collecteurprincipal trunk sewer
collectif (budgetaire) budgetamendment
collection kit
collectionsCKD completelyknockeddown kits
collectivitelocale government;local government;local
authority
collectivit6publiqueou organisme constituentsubdivisionor agency (of a
dependant(d'un Etat contractant) ContractingState)
 - 301 -

colleged'enseignementgeneral junior high school

colonie;colonisation settlement
colonisationrurale,agraire land settlement
combinaison mix
combustiblea basede charbon coal-basedfuel
combustiblede bouciage swingfuel
combustiblede synthese syntheticfuel; synfuel
combustiblefossile fossil fuel
combustionen couche fluidis6e fluidizedbed combustion
comite conjoint joint committee
Comiteconjointcharged'examinerla Joint Committeeon the Remunerationof
remunerationdes Administrateurset des ExecutiveDirectorsand their Alternates
Administrateurssuppl6ants
Comiteconjointde la Banqueet du Fonds Joint Bank/FundCommitteefor
pour l'examende certainselementsdu Reviewof CertainElementsof
systemede remunerationdu personnel the Staff CompensationSystem
Comiteconsultatiftechnique TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee
comitede reflexion task force; think tank
Comitedes indemnisations ClaimsCommittee
Comitedu developpement DevelopmentCommittee
Comiteinterimaire InterimCommittee
Comiteministerielconjoint des Joint MinisterialCommitteeof the Boards
Conseilsdes Gouverneursde la Banque of Governorsof the Bankand the Fund on
et du Fondssur le transfertde the Transferof RealResourcesto the
ressourcesreellesaux pays en DevelopingCountries(Development
developpement(Comitedu developpement) Committee)
comite mixte joint committee
Comitemixtede la procedure Joint ProceduresCommittee
Comite mixtedes Administrateursde la Joint Bank/FundCommitteeof Executive
Banqueet du Fonds sur la remuneration Directorson Staff Compensation
du personnel
Comitemixte du contr6le de gestion Joint Audit Committee
comite paritaire joint committee
Comiteplenier Committeeof the Whole
Comitepreparatoirede l'AMGI MIGAPreparatoryCommittee
Comitespecialcharge de determinerla Ad Hoc Committeeon the Valuationof Bank
valeur du capitalde la Banque Capital
commande control
commandesdirectes direct shopping
commanditer(une etude) commission
commer,ant trader
commercede transactionssur marchandises commoditytrade
commercede transit;commerceen entrep6t entrep6ttrade
commerceexterieur foreign trade
commercialisable tradable
commercialisation marketing
commissaireaux comptes auditor;independentauditor
commission(p.ex. banques) fee(s)
commissiond'adjudication awardingcommittee
 - 302 -

Commission
de conciliation Conciliation Commission
commission
de direction management fee
commission
de disponibilltb availability
fee
commission
de garantle guarantee commission, fee
commission
de garantled'achat backupfacilityfee
commission
de gestion management fee
commission
de gestlonpay6eparl'IDA IDAmanagement fee
commission
d'engagement commitment charge,fee
commission
d'engagement speciale specialcommitment charge
commission
d'instructlon (oan)origination fee
commission
d'lntroductiond'une application fee
demande
commission
de renouvellement renewal
fee
commissionde service servicecharge
commission de serviceet d'appui serviceandsupportfee
commission d'ouverture front-end
fee
commission initialede remboursement front-endprepaymentfee
anticip6
Commission mixtedesConseilsde JointCommittee of the Boardsof Governors
Gouverneurs (RapportMuldoon) (MuldoonReport)
commission syndicale management fee
commissionnaire d'achat buyingagent
commissions couruessurprets accruedloancommissions
commodites utilities
comparaison de prix prudentshopping
compartimentation departmentalization
compensation trade-off
compenser (sespertes) recoup
competence de base basicskills
comp6tence territoriale territorialjurisdiction
comp6tences expertise; qualifications
c-ompl6mentde salaire fringebenefits
complement nutritionnel nutritional supplement
complementarite complementarity
completement demonte completely knockeddown
comportement (professionnel) performance
comportement de l'economie economicperformance
composante component(ofa project)
composante en devises foreignexchange component
composante formationdu projet project-related training
composition coverage;mix
composition 6nergetique optimale optimalenergymix
compostage composting
compression financialrestraint,stringency
compression des b6nefices profitsqueeze
compression du credit creditsqueeze; credittightening
compressions budgetaires budgetcuts
compromis trade-off
comptabiliser to record
 - 303-

comptabiliteanalytiqued'exploitation cost accounting

comptabilitede caisse cash (basis)accounting
comptabilitede gestion cash (basis)accounting;management
accounting;managerialaccounting
comptabilited'entreprise businessaccounting
comptabilitedes couts courants currentcost (value)accounting
comptabilitedes prix de revient cost accounting
comptabilitedesstocks stock accounting
comptabilit6d'exercice accrual (basis)accounting
comptabilited'inflation inflationaccounting
comptabilit6en partie double doubleentry accounting
comptabiliteen partie simple singleentry accounting
comptabiliteindexeesur le niveau generalprice level accounting;price
generaldes prix levelaccounting
comptabilitematieres stock accounting
comptabilitenationale nationalaccounts;socialaccounts
comptabilitepatrimoniale accrual (basis)accounting
comptabilitesociale socialaccounts
comptabilitesur la basedes faits accrual (basis)accounting
g6n6rateurs
comptage metering
comptagede la circulation trafficcount
comptageg6neral bulk metering
comptageroutier trafficcount
compteauxiliaire subsidiaryaccount
compted'affectationsp6ciale earmarkedaccount
compted'attente suspenseaccount
compted'avances advanceaccount
compted'avancesde caisse imprestaccount, fund
compted'avancespour la pr6parationdu project advanceaccount
projet
compted'avancestemporaires imprestaccount,fund
comptede capital capitalaccount
comptede charge expenseaccount
comptede credit credit account
compted'egalisation,de perequationdes exchangeequalizationaccount
changes
comptede garantiebloque escrowaccount
compte de pret loan account
comptede reconciliation reconciliationaccount
comptede ressourceset emplois incomeand outlay account
comptede rbsultats income (andexpenditure)account; income
statement;profit and loss account
compte de resultatsconsolide consolidatedincome statement
comptede revenu revenueaccount
compte des banquescentralesauprbsde CentralBankFacility
la BIRD
comptedes operationsavec l'exterieur external(transactions)account
comptedes operationsen capital capitalaccount
 -304 -

Comptede versementsspecial SpecialDisbursementAccount

compted'exploitation workingaccount; operatingaccount
compted'operations operationaccount
compted'ordre memorandumaccount
compted'utilisationdu revenu outlayaccount
compte ext6rieur external(transactions)account
compte "primesd'emission" share premiumaccount
compterecapitulatif summaryaccount
compterendu proceedings
compterendude mission back-to-officereport
compterendu sommaire SummaryProceedings
compterenouvelable revolvingaccount
compterestedu monde external(transactions)account
comptespecial SpecialAccount
compte-titres securities(custody)account
comptesclients;comptescrediteurs accountsreceivable;receivables
comptesdebiteurs accountspayable
comptesde caissedivers sundrycash accounts
comptesde la nation nationalaccounts
comptesexterieurs foreignaccounts
comptesfournisseurs accountspayable
comptesnationaux national,social accounts
comptessociaux socialaccounts
comptoir (financier) one-stopagency
comptoirssociaux social marketingprogram
concentrationdes depenses,des front loading;front-loaded(e.g.
remboursements au debut d'une periode spending)
donn6e
concentrationdes echeances bunchingof maturities
concentrationdes echeances(d'une dette) debt bunching
concentrationdes risques bank exposure
concentrationexcessivedes risques overexposure
concepteur-projeteur designer
conception design
conceptionassisteepar ordinateur computeraideddesign
conceptiondu projet projectdesign
conceptiontechnique engineeringdevelopment
conceptiontrop ambitieuse,de overdesigned
concertation negotiations;discussions;consultation
concession claim; compound;franchise;leasing;
settlement
concessionr6ciproque trade-off
concessionalite concessionality
concessionnel concessional;concessionary
concilier reconcile
conclusions pleadings
concoursd6finitif non-reimbursable governmentgrant; grant
financing
concourstemporaire reimbursablegovernmentloan
 - 305 -

concurrence horsprix nonpricecompetition

concurrence parfaite pure,perfectcompetition
condamn6 lockedin
condens6 abstract
condition status
conditionnalite conditionality
conditionnalitereciproque, clausede cross-conditionality clause
conditionnement processing
conditionsa remplir eligibility;eligibilityconditions
conditionsclassiques, commerciales, du conventional terms
marche
conditionsd'entreeenvigueur conditions of effectiveness
conditionsde vie welfare
conditionsliberales concessional terms
conducteur; conducteur d'engins operator
conducteur de travaux headforeman
conduite management
conduiteforcee penstock
conduiteprincipale main(s)
c6neSud Southern Cone
conference maritime liner(shipping) conference
Conf6rence surla maternite sansdanger SafeMotherhood Conference[IBRD/WHO]
congeformation blockrelease
conjointet solidaire jointand several
conjoncture businesscycle
connaissances techniques know-how; technicalbackground
connaissances techniques, specialisees expertise
connaissement billof lading
connaissement direct,de bouten bout throughbillof lading
conseil counsel
Conseiladministratif Administrative Council
Conseild'administration Boardof Directors
ConseildesAdministrateurs Boardof (Executive) Directors;Executive
Board
Conseildes Gouverneurs Boardof Governors
Conseils d'administrationde la Banque Boardsof theBankandthe Fund
et du Fonds
conseilsen reintegration outplacement
conseilleragricole extensionofficer
agricultural
conseilleragricolede la zone zoneextension officer
conseillerde direction management consultant
conseilleren gestion management consultant
consentement consent(tojurlsdiction)
conservation dessols soilconservation
consid6rants d'un accord preamble to an agreement; recitalof an
agreement
consigner to record
consignespermanentes orders
standinginstructions,
(d'unedette)
consolidation refinancing
 - 306 -

consolidationde ia dette debt consolidation;debt funding;

reschedulingof a debt; rephasingof a
debt
consoliderles echeances consolidatematurRties
consommationostentatoire conspicuousconsumption
consommationsintermediaires input
consortialiser to syndicatea loan
consortium(d'aidea un pays) consortium(for a country)
consortiumbancaire syndicate
consortiumde placement sellingconsortium,group, syndicate
constitutionde stocks inventoryinvestment;stockpiling
constitutiondu dossierd'indemnisation filing claims
constitutiondu dossierde financement loan processing
constitutionen soci6te incorporation
constructeur manufacturer
construction development
constructionanarchiquede logements unregulatedhousing
constructionde logementsans plan unregulatedhousing
d'urbanisme
constructionset 6quipements hardware
constructionsmetalliques metalworks
consultantrecrut6pour une courte short term consultant
periode
consultationde fournisseursa l'6chelon internationalshopping
international
consultationde fournisseursa l'echelon local shopping
national
consultationde fournisseurs prudentshopping;shopping
consultation(directe)de fournisseurs direct shopping
conteneurisation containerization
continental onshore
contingent intake
contingent(p.ex.d'importations) quota
contingentd'importation import quota
contingenttarifaire tariff quota
contournementdes droits de douane tariff jumping
contractant contractor
contragestion contragestion;contragestation
contraint locked in
contrat contract
contrat "a armes egales" arm's lengthcontract
contrat a forfait lump sumcontract
contratau pourcentage percentage(fee)contract
contrat bas6sur les hommes-moisfournis man-monthcontract
contrat bas6sur le temps pass6 time-basedcontract
contrat cadre call order contract
contrat cles en main turnkeycontract
contrat d'achatferme take-or-payagreement,contract
cuntrat de dureedeterminee fixed term contract
 - 307-

contrat de dur6e indeterminee open-endedcontract

contrat de gestion managementcontract
contratde location-exploitation operatinglease
contrat de location-financement finance,financial,full pay out lease
contrat de locationveritable true lease
contrat de palementcontre livraison take-and-paycontract
contrat de partagede la production production-sharingcontract
contrat de plan programcontract
contrat de priseferme take-or-payagreement,contract
contrat de report repurchaseagreement
contrat de risque risk contract
contrat de sous-traitance subcontract
contrat "marcheen main" "market-in-hand"agreement
contrat-plan programcontract;performancecontract
contrat "produiten main" product in hand contract
contrat-programme performancecontract
contraventionau contrat breach of contract
contraventionaux reglesde passationde misprocurement
marches
contre-allee serviceroad
contremattre foreman
contre-m6moire counter-memorial
contrepartie compensation;consideration
contre-transformation mismatch
contribuant contributor;consideration
contribution tax assessment
contributionassimilablea un don grant-likecontribution
contr6lable manageable;monitorable
contr6le ownership(of a corporation)
contr6le(continu) monitoring
contr6lede fonctionnement processcontrol
contr6lede gestion audit; managementaudit; performance
monitoring
controledes changes exchangecontrol
contr6le (suivi)des performances; performancemonitoring
contr6le (suivi)des resultats;
contr6led'exAcution
controledu credit directedcredit
contr6ledu debit watercontrol
contr6ledu fisc tax audit
contr6lefinancier financialaudit;audit
contr6leurde gestion managementauditor
contr6leurfinancier comptroler
conurbation conurbation
conventioncollective collectiveagreement;labor agreement
Conventionpour le reglementdes Conventionon the Settlementof
differendsrelatifsaux InvestmentDisputesbetweenStatesand
investissements entre Etatset Nationalsof other States
ressortissantsd'autresEtats
 - 308 -

conversion au pair conversion at par

conversion de dettesen fondspropres debt-equity conversion
conversion de la detteencapital debt-equity conversion
conversion industrielle industrial
transformation
conversion monetaire currencytranslation
cooperation techniqueentrepaysen technicalcooperation amongdeveloping
developpement countries
coop6rative agricolede productionet agriculturalproductionandexport(apex)
d'exportation cooperative
copiecertifieeconforme conformedcopy
corbeille mix
correctionmonetaire monetary correction
correspondance destauxde changeentre unifiedcrossrates
divers pays
correspondant agentbank
corrigedesvariations saisonnieres seasonally adjusted
cotation(detitresen bourse) listing(ofsecurities)
cote quotations; taxassessment
cotede credit creditworthiness; creditstanding
cotisation fee(s)
cotisationfiscale taxliability
cotisations a la securitesociale socialsecuritycontributions
couchearable top soil
couchede base base;roadbase
couchede fondation subbase
couchede forme subgrade
couchede liaison basecourse
couched'enrobe overlay
couchede roulement surfacecourse;wearingcourse
couchede surface surfacing
couloir corridor
couloirde vaccination vaccination crush
coupe cutting;logging
coupe-feu firebreak
coupure outage
courant standard
courantes abovetheline(item)
courbed'apprentissage learningcurve
courbede croissance growthpattern
courbede l'offre supplycurve
courbedespossibilites de production productionpossibility curve;
transformation curve
courbedesrendements yieldcurve
courbed'indifference indifference curve
cours quotations
coursd'achat buyingrateof exchange
coursde perfectionnement advanced studies
coursde recyclage,perfectionnement refreshercourse
coursdu lour goingprice
 -309 -

coursdu marche prevailingmarketrate

cours integrea elementsinterchangeables courseInterchange
coursvendeur sellingrate
courtage brokerage
courtier broker;buying agent
courtier (envaleursmobilieres) securitiesdealer;securitiesfirm
coat cost
coOta l'origine historicalcost
coOtannexe associatedcost
coat, assurance,fret cost, Insuranceand freight
coOtcollectif socialcosts
coOtd'acquisition historicalcost
coOtde fabricationa l'etranger offshorecost
coat de renoncement opportunitycost
coOtde renouvellement, de remplacement replacementcost
coOtde transfertinterieur domestictransfercost
coOtdes emprunts borrowingcost
coOtdes empruntsdoublementpondere double-weightedborrowingcost
coOtdes facteurs,au at factor cost (f.c.)
coOtdiff6rentiel incrementalcost
coOtd'inactivitedes capitaux carryingcost, chargeof capital
coOtd'installationet fournitures balance-of-system costs
coGtd'investissement capitalcost
coOtd'opportunitesociale socialopportunitycost
coOtd'opportunite,d'option opportunitycost
coOteconomique economiccost
coGt-efficacite cost-effectiveness
coOten devises exchangecost; foreign exchangecost
coOten monnaienationale local cost; onshorecost
coat en ressourcesinterieures domesticresourcecost
coOthistorique historicalcost
coOtinduit inducedcost
coOtinitial front-endcost
coOtmarginal incrementalcost; marginalcost
coOtmarginala long terme long-runmarginalcost; efficiencyprice;
efficientprice
coOtmarginalde capacite marginalcapacitycost
coOtmarginalmoyen averageincrementalcost
coOtmarginalmoyena long terme long-runaverageIncrementalcost
coOtreel des devises domesticresourcecost
coOtunitaire unit cost
coOtsanterieurs,irreversibles sunk cost
coOtsde base base,baselinecosts
coOtsde deroutement diversioncosts
co&tsde garantied'emission,de prise underwritingcosts
ferme
coOtsde main-d'oeuvre labor costs
coOtsde possession carryingcosts, charges
coOtsd'installationde chantier mobilizationcosts
 - 310-

coOtseconomiques(du protectionnisme) welfarecosts (of protectionism)

coots fictifs imputedcosts
coOtsfixes fixed costs
coOtsimpliques underlyingcosts
coots imput6s allocatedcosts
couts indirects(servicesd'experts,etc.) in-kind costs
couts indivisibles indivisibilities
coOtsinferieursaux previsions cost underrun
coOtsinternesd'importation internalimportingcosts
(coOts)moyens rolled (costs)
(coOts)non imputablesau projet nonincremental(costs)
(coOts)non lies au projet nonincremental(costs)
coOtsproportionnels,methodedes direct costing
coOtssalarlaux wage costs
coOtstheoriques imputedcosts
coOtsvariables,methodedes direct costing
couverture coverage
couvertureA terme forwardcover
couverturede l'emissionmon6taire monetarycover
couverturede risques hedging
couverturedes frais fixes fixed charge coverage
couverturedes operationsa terme hedging
couverturedu servicede la dette debt servicecoverage
couverturev6getale plantcover
cr6ance claim
creance(financibre) financialclaim
creancedouteuse bad debt; doubtfuldebt
creanceirrecouvrable write off; bad debt
creancesinterieures domesticassets
creancesnon productives,immobilisees nonperformingdebt
creancesreciproques interlockingdebt
creanciernon prioritaire junior creditor
creationde liquidit6s internalcash generation;internally
generatedfunds; cash generation
creationd'institutions institutionbuilding
creationnettede liquidites net cash revenue
credit creditworthiness; credit standing
credit acheteur buyer credit;buyers' credit;financial
credit
credita la consommation consumercredit
creditb l'exportation export credit
credit A l'importationpour la reconstructionimport credit
reconstruction
creditA l'importationpour le rehabilitationimport credit
redressementeconomique
creditA vue,a tres court terme call money;day to day money;demand
money;moneyat call
credit-bail finance,financial,full pay out lease;
leasing
 - 311-

cr6dit bon march6 easy money

credit budg6taire budget appropriation
credit consortial club loan
credit croise swap
credit de campagne seasonalcredit
cr6dit de soudure bridgingarrangement,credit
cr6dit d'heures day release
cr6dit d'imp6t tax credit
credit d'imp6t 6tranger foreign tax creditde l'imp6t etranger
cr6dit d'imp6t fictKf tax sparing;matchingcredit
credit d'imp6t pour investissement Investmenttax credit
cr6dit documentaire documentarycredit
cr6dit en nature credit-in-kind
cr6diterun comptede charge to expense
cr6dit financier financialcredit
credit-fournisseur suppliercredit;supplier'scredit
credit institutionnalis6 formal credit
credit non institutionnalls6 Informalcredit
cr6dit ponctuel carryoverloan
credit r6ciproque matchingcredit
credit relais bridgingfacility
cr6dit renouvelable,reconductible revolvingcredit; rollovercredit
creditsauto-amortissables self-liquidatingassets
credits d'equipement term loans
credits de trbsorerle cash advance
credits hypoth6caires mortgagefinancing
credits publicsa l'exportation officialexport credit
creneau window (in a market)
crOte watershed
creusementd'un puits well drilling
crise recession
crise de liquidite liquiditysqueeze
critere standard
critbre de rentabilitedes projets yield test of projects
critbres(d'attribution,de s6lection, eligibility;eligibilityconditions
d'accbs,etc.)
critbresde performance; performingassets
critbresde r6alisation
critbresde provenance eligibility;eligibilityconditions
croissanceannuellemoyenne meanannualincrement
croissanceautonome,auto-entretenue self-sustaininggrowth
croissancedurable sustainedgrowth
croissancel6thargique sluggishgrowth
croquisdirecteur sketchplan
cultivateur farmer
culturearbustive tree crop
culturecommerciale cash crop
culture continue continuouscropping
culturede couverture nursecrop; cover crop
 - 312 -

(culture)de cycle v6gbtatifcourt short season(crop)

culturede decrue flood recessioncrop; recessioncrop
culturede plein champ field crop
culturede rapport cashcrop
cultured6robee catch crop
culturede soutien companioncrop
culturedu pauvre spoor man" crop
cultureen bandes,en ail6es,en couloirs alley cropping; strip cropping
culture en bour rainfedagrIculture
cultureen sec dry farming;drylandfarming;rainfed
agriculture;rainfedcrop
cultureen zone aride dry farming;drylandfarming
cultureintercalaire intercropping;intercrop
culture Itinerante shiftingcultivation
culturemaralchbre vegetablecrop
culturemarchande cash crop
culturemultiple multiplecropping; multicropping
culturenon irdigu6e rainfedagriculture
cultureperenne;culturepermanente perennialcrop
culturepluviale rainfedagriculture;rainfedcrop
culture pure pure stand
cultureseche dry farming;drylandfarming;rainfed
agriculture;rainfedcrop
culturesuivantles courbesde niveau contourfarming
culturesur coupe et brOlis slash-and-burncultivation
culturesur r6sidus trashyfarming
culturetissulaire tissueculture
culturevivace perennialcrop
culturevivriere food crop
culturevivrierede base staple (food crop)
cultures crops
culturesassociees associatedcrops, cropping
culturesde contre-salson off-season,out-of-seasoncrop
culturesde hautesterres,de montagne uplandcrops
culturesen lignes,sarclees row crops
culturesenergetiques energycropping
culturessuccessives doublecropping; sequentialcropping
cycle budgetaire budget process
cycle combine combinedcycle
cycle du projet projectcycle
cycle 6conomique businesscycle
cycle vegetatifcourt, (culture)de short season(crop)
 - 313 -

dans des limitesraisonnables manageable

d'appoint marginal
date timing
date de cloture closingdate
date de la mise en paiement payoutdate
date d'entr6e en vigueur effectivedate
date de reglement settlementdate
date de valeur value date
date de versement payoutdate
de base underlying
de bord a bord free in and out
de capital capital-intensive
de conceptiontrop ambitieuse overdesigned
de la baseau sommet bottom up (approach)
de pleindroit ex-officio
de pointe stateof the art
de reference standard
de toute facon bottom line
debats proceedings
debit flow; throughputs
d6bit d'un posted'amarrage,a quai berththroughput
debiter un comptede charge to expense
d6bloquer to release
d6boisement deforestation
debours;deboursement;decaissement disbursement
decaissementrapide, (pr6t a) quickdisbursing(loan)
decaissements cashexpenditures
decalage shift; time lag
d6calagede croissance growth lag
decalageentreles echeances mismatch
d6calageschronologiques leadsand lags
decantation settlement
decapitalisation stock dilution,watering;dilution
Decennieinternationalede l'eau InternationalDrinkingWaterSupply and
potableet de l'assainissement SanitationDecade
decharge landfill
dechargecontr6l6e sanitarylandfill
dechargedu paturage destocking
dechargesauvage dumping
dechets waste;wastage
dechetsscolaires drop out
decideur decision-maker
d6cideurde prix price maker,setter
decisionpar defaut d'oppositionavant lapse-of-timedecision
une date determinbe
 - 314 -

declaration statement
d6claration au fisc tax return
Declaration concernant les politiques Declaration of Environment Policies
de l'envlronnement et lesproc6dures andProcedures Relating to Economic
au developpement
relatives 6conomique Development
declaration de politiquede d6veloppement letterof development policy
declaration de poitiquesectorielle letterof sectoralpolicy
declaration d'imp6ts tax return
d6claration d'intention letterof Intent
declaration de revenus incometax return;tax return
d6clarations representations
declasser downgrade (a loan)
declinatoire de competence objectionto jurisdiction
declivit6 gradient
d6collage takeoff
decompositlon breakdown
d6corticage dehusking; husking
decote discount
d6coupage (d'unpret)en plusieurs tranching
tranches
decouvert overdraftfaclities
d6couvertde tr6sorerie cashdeficit
decrocher unpeg(arate)
decrutement outplacement
dedommager, se recoup
dedouanement clearance
deduction taxwrite-off
d6ductions fiscales taxallowances
d6faillance du marche marketfailure
defaut default
defautcroise,clausede cross-default clause
defautde paiement default(on payment)
defavorise underprivileged
defensecontreles inondations floodcontrol
deficit gap;shortfall
deficitactuariel unfunded liabilities
deficitbudg6taire budgetdeficit;budgetary gap
deficitcommercial tradedeficit
d6ficitcourant currentaccountdeficit
deficitde financement fundinggap
deficitde ressources resource(s) gap
d6ficit(desrecettes)d'exportation exportshortfall
deficitde tresorerie cashdeficit
deficitd'exploitation operating deficit
deficitenergetique energygap
definitiond'emploi job description
definitiondu projet projectidentification
deflateur deflator
deflateurdesdecalssements disbursement deflator
 315-

d6flateurdes engagements commitmentdeflator

deflateurdes prix agricoles agriculturalpricedeflator
deflateurimplicitedu produit int6rieur implicit grossdomesticproductdeflator
brut
deflation deflation
defrichage clearing
defrichage(illicite en for6t) encroachment
defrichement land reclamation
defricher reclaim
degagement(d'un gage) redemption
dbgraissagedes effectifs downsizing
degre de volatilite volatilityratio
degred'instruction educationalstatus
degrbvement relief;tax rebate;tax refund
d6guerpissement slum clearance
delai time limit
d6lai de grace grace period
delai de recuperation,de paybackperiod
recouvrement,d'amortissement,
de remboursement
delaide reaction time lag
delegationde credits agencyline
delegationde pouvoirs delegationof authority
D3l6gue Deputy
d6liberations proceedings
d6liementde l'aide untying of aid
delit d'initi6s insiderdealing
demandebiochimiqueen oxygene biochemicaloxygendemand
demandebiochimiqueen oxygene biochemicaloxygendemandover five days
sur 5 jours
demandecomprimee pent-updemand
demanded'adhesion membershipapplication
demanded'admission applicationfor membership
demandede consommation consumerdemand
demandede pret loan application
demandede prix price quotations
demandede propositions requestfor proposal
demandede remboursement recall
demandede renseignementset de prix prudentshopping;quotations
demandede ressources claim (on resources)
demandede retrait (du compte de pret applicationfor withdrawal(from loan
ou de credit) account or credit account)
demandeeffective effectivedemand
demandeglobale aggregatedemand
demandeirr6guliere,en dentsde scie lumpy demand
demanderefoulee pent-updemand
demandesoutenue buoyantdemand
demanderle remboursementanticipe accelerate(to) a loan
demanderle remboursementd'un pr6t call in a loan
 - 316-

demanteler to disestablish
demarches representations
demarrage takeoff
d6membrementdes actifs asset stripping
demenagement relocation
d6multiplication,mecanismede stretchingmechanism
d6muni underprivileged
deni de responsabilite discdaimer
denoncer terminate
denouement unwindiing
densiteagraire densityof the agriculturalpopulationper
unit of cultivablearea
densitede la populationvivantde densityof the agriculturalpopulationper
l'agriculture unit of cultivablearea
densiteg&neralepar unit6de sol densityof populationper unit of
cultivable cultivablearea
densitephysiologique densityof populationper unit of
cultivablearea
denutrition undernutrition
d6partementde service staffdepartment
dbpartementde soutien supportdepartment
departementd'execution line department
departementoperationnel operationaldepartment
depassementde credit overexpenditures
depassementde devis,de coOts cost overrun
depasser overshoot
depensesde fonctionnement operatingexpenses,costs; recurrent
expenditures
depensesde personnel labor costs
depensesd'equipement capitalexpenditure
depensesd'exploitation operatingexpenses,costs
depensesd'infrastructureeconomiqueet socialoverheadinvestment
sociale
depensesd'investissement capitalexpenditure;capitaloutlay
depensesordinaires (re)currentexpenditures
depensespubliques(en capital public (capital)expenditure(s)
d'equipement,d'investissement)
depensesrenouvelables recurrentexpenditures
deperditionscolaire drop out
deperditions waste;wastage
depistage earlydiagnosis
depistageet rappel retrieval
deplacement relocation;shift
deplacementde la demande demandshift
deplacementsur le terrain field trip
deport discount
depositaire trustee
deposition statement
dep6t a terme term deposit;time deposit
 - 317-

d6p6t a vue demanddeposit;sight deposit

dep6t de bons note deposit
dep6t prealable advancedeposit
depouillementdes actifs asset stripping
depouillementdes offres examinationof bids; openingof bids
d6preciationde la monnaie currencydepreciation
derapage slippage;lag
d6rapagedes salaires wage creep, drift
dereglementer decontrol;remove,lift credit
restrictions;deregulate
derive slippage;lag
dernierentrb, premiersorti last in, first out
dernierversement payoff
derniereoffre bottom line
derogation waiver
d6rogationtemporaire,clausede bisqueclause
d6roger to waive
deroulement development
desaffection shift
disaisonnalise seasonallyadjusted
description terms of reference
descriptionde poste job description
d6s6conomies diseconomies
desencadrer lift, removecredit restrictions;
decontrol; unpeg (a rate)
d6sencadrer(le credit) decontrol;remove,lift credit restrictions
desengagement divestiture
desepargne dissaving
d6sherite underprivileged
designation nomination
desincitation disincentive
desinflation disinflation
desinflationniste disinflationary
d6sinterm6diation disintermediation
desinvestissement disinvestment;divestiture
desistement waiver;discontinuance
dessin design
dessinateur designer
d6sutilite disutility
desutilitemarginale marginaldisutility
detachement secondment
detacher delink
detaxe tax exemption
detentedu credit easymoney
d6tenteur holder
determinationde la valeuren douane, customsvaluation(practices)
(methodesde)
determinationde la valeuren douane valuationfor customspurposes
determinationdes coDts costing
 - 318-

dethesaurisation dishoarding
detournementde biensd'exportation(au divertedexports
profit du projet)
dette a garantiepublique publiclyguaranteeddebt
dette amortle retireddebt
dette annulee cancelleddebt
dette consoliede funded debt
dette de rang inferieur junior debt; subordinateddebt
dette exterieurenon amortie outstandingexternaldebt
dette liquidee retireddebt
dette notifiee reporteddebt
dette obligataire fundeddebt
dette officielle officialdebt
dette privilegiee seniordebt, loan
dette publique public debt
dette publiqued6tenuepar les publiclyheld governmentdebt
particuliers
dettes liabilities
dettes & long terme long-termliabilities
dettes en monnaie currencyliabilities
deuxiemecycle de l'enseignement uppersecondaryeducation
secondaire
developpement development
d6veloppementintegrede l'exploitation wholefarm development
d6veloppementsocial socialdevelopment
developpementsous-regional area development
deversement discharge
devis cost estimate;schedule
devisdescriptif specifications
devisestimatif;devism6tr6 bill of quantities
devismbtres final design quantities
devisquantitatif bill of quantities
devise foreign currency
deviseforte hard currency
diagrammede circulation flow chart; processchart
diagrammede dispersion scatterchart,diagram;scattergram
diagrammede flux flow chart; processchart
diagrammedes liaisonslogiques networkdiagram
diagrammeen batons,en barres bar chart
diagraphie logging
diff6re d'amortissement grace period
diffbrentiel differential
differentielde change exchangerate differential
differentield'interets interest-ratedifferential
diffusionen retour feedback(of information)
diffusionrestreinte restricteddistribution
diguette bund
diguettesuivantles courbesde niveau contourbund
diluant extender
 - 319-

dilutiondu capital stock dilution,watering;dilution;stock

watering
dimensionnement design
diminution drawdown
diminutionnaturelledes effectifs attrition;naturalwastage
dipl6m6 graduate
dipl6mes credentials
directeurde publication editor
directeurdu projet project manager
direction management;Management
directionpar objectifs managementby objectives
directionparticipative participativemanagement
directivedu Manueladministratif AdministrativeManualStatement
directivedu Manuelde la passationdes ProcurementManualStatement
marches
directivedu Manueldu personnel PersonnelManualStatement
directivedu Manueloperationnel OperationalManualStatement
directives guidelines
directivespermanentes standinginstructions,orders
discipline area;subjectmatter
disciplinedes salaires wage restraint
discours-programme; discours-theme keynoteaddress,speech
dispatching dispatching
dispensaireitinerant mobile clinic
dispense waiver
disponibilite availability
disponibilitesmonetaires moneystock; moneysupply
disponibleexploitable offtake
dispositif facility
Dispositifd'action conjoncturelle ContingencyMechanism
dispositifd'intervention contingencyplan
dispositifde s6curite safetynet
disposition layout
disposition(des b6n6ficiaires, willingnessto pay
consommateurs)a payer
dispositionscommerciales marketingarrangements
distorsion bias
distribution deliverysystem;supplysystem
distributiond'actions(d'une nouvelle spin-off
societeaux actionnairesde la
societemere)
distributiond'actionsgratuites bonus issue
distributiond'eau water supply
diversificationdes risques exposurediversification
diversit6biologique biodiversity
divisiondes risques exposurediversification
documenta l'appui de... justification
document-cadrede politiqueeconomique Policy FrameworkPaper
 - 320 -

documentd'information,de reference,de backgroundpaper

base
documentde politiquegenerale policy paper
documentde strategle(pour un pays) country strategypaper
documentde synthese issuespaper
documentde travail discussionpaper
documentde travaildes servicesde la StaffWorkingPaper
Banque
documentqui fait le point de la technique stateof the art paper
dollar international internationaldollar
domaine area; field
domaineeminent eminentdomain
domainesmarginaux fringe areas
don en espbces cash grant
donateurprincipal leaddonor
donneraccesau chantier hand over the site to the contractor
donneesbaseessur une coupe statistique cross-sectionaldata
donn6esbrutes raw data
donneesde base baselinedata; key data
donn6esexclusives,privees proprietarydata
donneesponctuelles dated information
dont les interetsimpayesne sont pas in a nonaccrualstatus
comptabilises
dosage blending (of flows); mix
dosagedes facteurs input mix
dossier issuespaper;package
dossierd'appel d'offres bidding documents
dossierd'execution[une fois approuve] detaileddesign
dossierde pres6lection prequalificationdocuments
dossierde projets pipelineof projects
dossiertechnique engineeringdesign
dossier-titres securities(custody)account
dossiertype (d'appeld'offres) modelbid documents
dotation input
dotation (en effectifs) staffing
dotation en capital capitalendowment;equity grant
doter en personnel staff
double imposition doubletaxation
double march6 two-tier market
double recolte double cropping;sequentialcropping
double vacation double shift teaching;double shifting
drainer to raise(funds,etc.)
droit fee(s)
droit antidumping antidumpingduty
droit applicable governinglaw
droit compensateur countervailingduty
droit d'abattage slaughterhousefee
droit d'accise;droit de consommation excisetax
droit de conversion stock option
 - 321 -

drolt (de douane)ad valorem ad valorem(customs)duty

droit (de douane)specHique specific(customs)duty
(droit de) gage lien
droit de jouissance beneficialinterest
droit de propri6te title
droit de vote voting rights
droit d'excise excisetax
droit d'exploitationde brevet licensingagreement
drolt d'expropriation eminentdomain
droit d'immatriculation registrationfee
droit d'inscription registrationfee
droit pour le dep6t des requetes fee for lodging requests
droit reel title
droits user charges,fees
drofts acquis vested interests
droits de douane tariffs
droits de port port dues; harbordues,fees
droits de preemption preemptiverights;first refusalrights
droits de quai wharfage;wharfagecharges
droits de souscription stock rights
droits d'occupation landtenure rights
droits exclusifs proprietaryrights
droits reconnus(surdes terres) title
"dry farming" dry farming;drylandfarming
du sommetA la base top-down (approach)
dumping dumping
durabilite sustainability
durcissementdes conditionsde pret hardeningof loan terms
duree (d'un pret,d'une obligation,etc.) maturity(of a loan,bond, etc.)
dureede vie economiclife
dureede vie utile life (of a project);usefullife
dureede vie utiledu projet projectlife
dureed'immobilisation downtime
dureed'un pret life of a loan
dureeutile economiclife
d'utilisationfacile userfriendly
dynamisme buoyancy
 - 322 -

eau douce fresh water

eau salubre safewater
eau sous conduite,courante pipedwater
eau(x)brute(s) rawwater
eauxinterieures inlandwaters
eauxr6siduaires;eauxusees wastewater
ecart differential;gap
ecart (entreles cours au comptantet a spread (betweenspot and forward
terme) quotations)
ecart d6flationniste deflationarygap
ecart entre deux prix,de prix price differential,spread
ecart entre les marges spreadof spreads
ecart entre les taux d'interet interest-ratedifferential
6cart entretaux de change exchangerate differential
6cart inflationniste inflationarygap
6cart type standarddeviation
6change trade-off
&changede creancescontredes debt-equityswap
participations
6changeable tradable
echangescompenses,de compensation countertrade
bchanges interindustriels,analysedes input-outputanalysis
6chantillon aleatoire randomsample
-chantillon representatif crosssectionsample
6chantillonnage par grappes clustersampling
6ch6ance maturity(of a loan,bond, etc.)
ech6anced'un jour overnightmaturity
echeancesa moinsd'un an currentmaturities
ech6ancier schedule
echeancierdu servicede la dette debt serviceschedule
echellemobile slidingscale
echelonnement timing
eclatement unbundling
ecobuage ashfarming;burn-beating;burning
ecobuage slash-and-burncultivation
ecole a selectioncontinue,a streamedschool
progressiondiff6renci6e,a plusieurs
classespar anneed'etudes
ecole d'application;ecole exp6rimentale demonstrationschool; laboratoryschool;
model school;practice school
ecole polyvalente,a enseignement comprehensiveschool
multiple
economiea planificationcentrale, centrallyplannedeconomy
d'Etat
 - 323 -

economieclandestine blackeconomy;undergroundeconomy;
submergedeconomy;paralleleconomy
economiede bien-etre welfareeconomy
economiede consommation consumptioneconomy
6conomiede l'offre supplyside economics
economiede marche free-enterpriseeconomy;free market
economy
6conomiede monoculture singlecrop economy
economied'endettement overdrafteconomy
economiede subsistance subsistenceeconomy
economiedirigee controlledeconomy;commandeconomy;
directedeconomy;managedeconomy
economiedu secteurpublic publiceconomics
economiemonetaire cash economy
economienationale domesticeconomy
economieouverte open economy
economieparallele blackeconomy;undergroundeconomy;
submergedeconomy;paralleleconomy
economiepartielle piecemealeconomy
6conomieplanifiee centrallyplannedeconomy;nonmarket
economy
economiereposantsur une maximisation rent-seekingeconomy
de la rente
6conomiesouterraine blackeconomy;undergroundeconomy;
submergedeconomy;paralleleconomy
economietributaired'un seul produit export-enclaveeconomy
d'exportation
economies avoidedcost
economiesd'6chelle economiesof scale
economiesd'energie energyconservation
economique cost-effective
economiquementfaibles disadvantagedgroup
economiquementfaibles,les low income people
economiseur(d'energie) energy-savingdevice
economiste-pays countryeconomist
ecoulement runoff
ecretementde la demandede pointe peak (load)shaving;peak (load)shedding
ecriturede cl6ture balancingitem, entry
ecritures(comptables) accountingentries;entries
editeur editor
6ditique desktop publishing
educationextrascolaire,parascolaire out-of-schooleducation
educationnon formelle,parascolaire nonformaleducation
educationpermanente,continue lifelongeducation;recurrenteducation;
continuingeducation
effectif actual(s)
effectifbudgetaire authorizedpositions
effectif(s) staff
effectifs enrollments
 - 324 -

effeta vue demandnote

effet d'entrainement spillovereffect,impact; spinoffeffect
effet de cliquet,d'encliquetage ratcheteffect
effet de demonstration,d'emulation, demonstrationeffect
d'entralnement
effet de levierdes garanties guaranteeleverage
effet de premierordre prime bill
effet de prix price effect
effetde remontee bubble-upeffect
effetde retombbe trickle-downeffect
effetde revenu income effect
effetde ricochet snatchingeffect
effetde richesse wealtheffect
effet de ruissellement trickle-downeffect
effet de substitution substitutioneffect
effet d'infiltration trickle-downeffect
effet dissuasif disincentive
effet en aval downstreameffect,benefit
effet multiplicateur multipliereffect
effet porteurd'int6ret interestbearingnote
effet secondaire spillovereffect,impact; spinoffeffect
effet(s)financier(s) financialpaper
effets paper
effetsa payer accruedliabilities
effetsa recevoir accountsreceivable;receivables
effetsbancables eligiblepaper
effetsde commerce commercialpaper;commercialbills
effetsde propagationde la haussedes ripple price effects
prix
effetsexternes;effetsinduits externalities
effetsexterneset induits externalitiesand linkages
effetspublics governmentpaper;governmentsecurities
effetssecondaires spillover
efficacepar rapportau cout cost-effective
efficacite cost-effectiveness; performance
efficacitede la repartition(des allocativeefficiency
ressources)
efficacitedes structures,des institutionalperformance
institutions
efficacite6nergetique fuel efficiency
efficacitemarginaledu capital marginalefficiencyof capital
effortcollectif;effort personnel self-help
effortfiscal tax effort
6galisationequitable(des risques) equalization(of currencyfluctuation
risks)
egotiste inward-looking
egout unitaire combinedsewer
egrenage ginning
elaboration design;development
 - 325 -

elaborationdu projet projectpreparation

blagaged'actif assetstripping
elargissementdu capital capitalwidening
blasticite buoyancy
elasticitecroisee cross elasticity
blasticitede la demande elasticityof demand
blasticitede l'imp6t tax elasticity
blasticitede substitution elasticityof substitution
blasticitede substitutionconstante constantelasticityof substitution
elasticiteegalea l'unite unit(ary)elasticity
6lasticiteglobale buoyancy;tax buoyancy
elasticitepar rapportau prix price elasticity;own price elasticity
blasticitbpar rapportau revenu incomeelasticity
blasticitb-prix price elasticity;own price elasticity
blasticite-prixcrois6e cross price elasticity
elasticit6-revenu incomeelasticity
elasticitb-revenu de la demande incomeelasticityof demand
6lasticit6-unite unit(ary)elasticity
6lectorat(d'un Administrateur) constituencyof an ExecutiveDirector
6lectoratd'un Administrateur constituent(s)of an ExecutiveDirector
electricitb power
electroniquegrand public consumerelectronics
element component(of a project)
elementconcessionnel,de subvention concessional,concessionaryelement
6lementde contrepartie balancingitem,entry; counterpartitem
6l6mentde liberalite degreeof concessionality
elementde subvention,de libbralitb,don grant element
6l6mentimportb import component
el6mentmatbriel hardcomponent
6l6mentprovisoiredu pool d'emprunts proxy
el6mentsnutritifs nutrients
olbmentsservices soft component
6levage animalhusbandry;livestock
elevageen stabulation stall feeding
eleveur breeder;pastoralist
6liminationdes taudis slum clearance
eliminerprogressivement to phaseout
embouche fattening;finishing
6metteur issuer
emettredes actionsdansle public go public [corporations]
6mettreun emprunt float a loan
emisen souscriptionpublique publiclyissued(bonds,etc.)
6missiona guichetsouverts tap issue
emissionde droits de souscription rightsissue,offering
emissionen continu tap Issue
6missionen devises foreign currencyissue
emissionexploratoire red herring issue
emissionfiduciaire note Issue
 - 326 -

emissionobligataireext6rieure,des extemalbond issue

obligationsext6rieures
emissionpublique public borrowing,offering
emissionslanceesen Europe Europeanflotations
emmagasinage storage;storage
emmagasiner stock (to)
empi6tement encroachment
emplacement site
emploide(s)fonds applicationof funds
emploi partiel patching;spot patching,improvement;spot
improvement,patching;patching
emplois applicationof funds
employede comptabilite bookkeeper
employes staff
empoissonner stock (to)
emprise right of way
empriseau sol site coverage
emprisede la chaussee pavementwidth
emprunta l'etranger;empruntext6rieur foreign borrowing
empruntgarantipar l'Etat sovereigncredit, loan
empruntgeant,jumbo jumbo borrowing,loan
empruntglobal lump sum borrowing
empruntobligataireconvertible convertibledebentureloan investment
empruntobligataire6mis par s6ries serialbond, loan (issue)
empruntremboursableen une seulefois, bullet issue
in fine
emprunt(totalement)place completedborrowing
emprunteurbien cot6,tres solvable,de prime borrower
premierordre
emprunteursecondaire,final subborrower
emprunts loan capital
empruntsaupresdes intermediaires intermediativeborrowing
financiersinternationaux
empruntsde detresse distressborrowing
empruntsde r6f6rence qualifiedborrowing(s)
empruntsdu pool provisoire proxy borrowing
encoursde la dette debt outstandingand disbursed
en fin de compte bottom line
en franchisede droits duty-free
en pibcesd6tachees completelyknockeddown
en regie by/on force account
en regimede croisiere at full development
en surcapacite;en sureffectif overstaffed
en termes reels in real terms
en valeur nominale in currentterms
en valeur reelle In real terms
encadrement extension
encadrementdu cr6dit credit squeeze;credittightening
encadrementofficieuxdu credit windowguidance
 - 327 -

encadrer to peg(prices,Interestrates)
encadreur extensionagent,worker
encaisse cashbalance;cashholdings;cashin hand;
cashon hand
encaisseminimumobligatoire minimumcashrequirement
encaissements-decalssements,
sur unebase on a cashbasis
encaisses balances
encartpublicitaire tombstone
encoursde la detteext6rieure externaldebtoutstanding; outstanding
externaldebt
encoursdespr8ts outstanding loans
encoursdestirages outstanding drawings
endette leveraged
endettement leveraging
enduitsuperficiel surfacedressing
energie power
energiea basede blomasse biomassenergy
6nergleclassique conventional energy
6nergiecommerciale commercial energy
6nergieprimaire primaryenergy
6nergie(s)de substitution,
nouvelles alternativeenergy
energiesrenouvelables renewable energy
enfantn6vivant livebirth
engagement exposure
engagement a titre permanent regularappointment
engagement conditionnel contingent commitment; contingent
obligation
engagementconditionnel(departicipation) standbyequity
engagementconditionnelde garantie standbyunderwritingcommitment
d'emission
engagementd'aide6ventuelle standbycommitment
engagementde pret loancommitment
engagementde prisede participation equityunderwriting
engagementde priseferme underwriting commitment
engagementde reserves reserveliabilities;liabilities
constituting foreignauthorities'reserves
engagement de souscription underwriting commitment
engagement de statuquo standstillcommittment
engagement d'investissement investment commitment
engagement indetermine open-ended commitment
engagement par pays countryexposure
engagements covenants
engagements liabilities
engagements a vue depositliabilities;sightliabilities
engagements exterieurs externalliabilities;foreignliabilities
engagements interieurs domesticliabilities
engagements qui constituent
desavoirs reserve liabilities;liabilities
de r6servepourdesautorites constituting foreignauthorities'reserves
etrangeres
 - 328-

engins equipment
engorgement bunching
engralsazote nitrogen,nitrogenousfertilizer
engraiscompos6 compoundfertlizer; mixedfertilizer
engraissimple singlefertilizer
engraisverts greenmanure
engraissement fattening;finishing
engraissementA l'etable stall feeding
enlevementdes ordures wastedisposal
enlevementdes terrainsde stripping
couverture
ennoblissement finishing
enquete survey
enqueteinitiale,de r6f6rence,temoin baselinesurvey
enquetepreliminaire reconnaissancesurvey
Enquetesur l'attitudedu personnel AttitudeSurvey
enquetesur les depensesdes menages householdexpendituresurvey
enregistrement incorporation
enregistrer to record
enrichir upgrade
enrichissement(d'un mineral) beneficiation
ensachage bagging
enseignementA distance distancelearning,teaching
enseignementassistepar ordinateur computeraided instruction
enseignementfondamental basiceducation
enseignementinstitutionnalise,theorique, formal education
formel, de type scolaire,de type
classique
enseignementnon scolaire,non formel informaleducation
enseignementpar matieresseparees departmentalization
ensemble package
ensemblede pieces kit
ensemblede techniquesagricoles package
ensemblesCKD completelyknockeddown kits
ententeillicitesur les prix pricefixing
entraide self-help
entree input;accession
entreede capitaux capitalinflow;inflow of capital
entreeen vigueurd'un accord effectivenessof an agreement
entrees(defonds) accruals
entreesde fonds cash inflows
entreposage storage
entreposage(douanier) bonding
entreposer to stock
entrep6tde douane,douanier bondedwarehouse
entrepreneur contractor;entrepreneur
entrepreneurgeneral generalcontractor
entreprise contractor;venture
entrepriseadmiseA soumissionner qualifiedbidder
 - 329 -

entreprisea nombrelimit6 d'actionnaires closely-heldcorporation

entreprisecautionn6e bondedcontractor
entreprisecommercialeou industrielle businessenterprise
entreprised'economiemixte mixedenterprise
entreprised'Etat state-ownedenterprise
entreprisede transportsroutiers truckers
entrepriseen plein essor,dynamique growingconcern
entrepriseparapublique,semi-publique, parastatal
parastatale
entrepriseproductive,generatricede revenue-earning
enterprise
ressources,a caractbreindustriel,
commercial
entreprisepublique state-ownedenterprise
entrepriserentable going concern
entreprisespecialis6een conseilde managementconsultancyfirm
direction
entrepriseviable going concern
(entreprisesde) servicespublics utilities
entretien maintenance
entretiencorrectif correctivemaintenance
entretiencourant routinemaintenance
entretiendiffere; entretienen souffrance deferredmaintenance
entretiennormal,usuel normalmaintenance
entretienperiodique scheduledmaintenance
entretienpr6ventif prevent(at)ivemaintenance
envahissement crowdingin; encroachment
enveloppe financialpackage;budget;financingplan;
(financial)allocation;package
enveloppede depart separationpackage
enveloppedes prestations benefitpackage
envoi de fonds de travailleursa workers'remittance
!'etranger
epandagedes engrais fertilizerapplication
epargnebrute intemalcash generation;internally
generatedfunds; cash generation
epargneforcee compulsorysaving;forced savings
epargneint6rieure domesticsavings
6pizootie epidemicdisease
epuisementdes recoursadministratifs exhaustionof local administrativeor
ou judiciairesinternes juridicalremedies
6puisementdes sols soil depletion
epure sketchplan
6quationde regression regressionequation
equilibrea long terme de la balancedes balanceof paymentssustainability
paiements
equipe gang
equipede cantonnier maintenanceunit
6quipede r6flexion think tank
6quipe sp6ciale task force
 - 330-

6quipement capitalworks; equipment;plant

equipement(s) facil'ty
equipementscollectifs utilities
equipementscollectifs,soclaux communityfacilities;social infrastructure
equipes shift
equite equity
equivalentdon grant equivalent
equivalentvingt pieos twentyequivalentunits
erosionfiscaledes revenus fiscal drag
erreurde composition fallacyof composition
erreurde generalisation fallacyof composition
erreur systematique bias
erreurset omissions balancingitem, entry
escompte discount
escompter to discount
espacementdes naissances birth spacing
espacesr6cr6atifs recreationalareas
especesde fond, d6mersales bottom fish; bottom-dwellingfish;
demersalfish
especesde poissonpris6es highvaluefish
espbcesp6lagiques pelagicfish
esperancede vie life expectancy
esperancemath6matique expectedvalue;expectation;mathematical
expectation
espritd'entreprise entrepreneurship
bs-qualite ex-officio
essaide comportement(desvarietes) trial
essaivari6tal varietytrial
esthetiqueindustrielle Industrialdesign
estimationde coOts cost estimate
itablissementde l'assiette tax assessment
etablissementde la carte scolaire schoolmapping
etablissementd'enseignementsecondaire junior high school
du premiercycle
etablissementdes coOts costing
6tablissementdes roles tax assessment
etablissementdu budget budgeting
etablissementdu budget sur une base incrementalbudgeting
differentielle
etablissementd'une lettre de cr6dit openingof a letter of credit
etablissement(humain) settlement
etablissementpublic statutorybody
etablissementshumains humansettlements
etablissementsscolaires educationfacilities
etalement timing
etalon standard
Etat government
etat actuelde la technique stateof the art
Etat contractant ContractingState
 - 331-

btat c6tier coastalstate

6tat (d'avancement) status
etat(de d6penses) statement
etat de pale payroll
etat de remboursement progresscertfficate
etat des connaissances stateof the art
etat financier financialstatement
etat financierinterimalre Interimfinancialstatement
6tat financierv6rlfi6 (des comptes) auditedstatementof accounts
Etat habilit6& signer Stateeligibleto sign (the Convention)
Etat mensueldes projets OperationalMonthlySummary
Etat providence welfareState
etat recapitulatif summarystatement
etat riverain coastalstate
Etatscontractants ContractingStates
6teindre, s' terminate
etre reclass6 graduate
6tude survey
6tude analytique issuespaper
6tudede cas case study
etude de conception design engineering
6tude de falsabllit0,factibilit6 feasibilitystudy
6tude de la chaussee pavementdesign
6tude de pr6investissement preinvestmentstudy, survey
btude de sol soil study, survey
-tude des sols, pedologique,d'ingenierie soil study, survey
6tude prbvisionnelledes besoinsde manpowerplanning
main-d'oeuvre
etude sismique seismicsurvey
6tude sur documents,th6orique desk study
etudesavancees higher training
etudescomplementaires follow-upstudies
etudesde preparationa la licence undergraduatestudies
6tudesd'ingenierie engineeringstudies
btudes6conomiqueset sectorielles economicand sectorwork
etudespratiques workshop
etudessectorielleset analyses countryeconomicand sectorwork
economiquespar pays
etudestechniques design;design engineering;engineering
studies
etudesuniversitairesdu troisiemecycle graduatestudies
etudesuniversitairessup6rieures postgraduatestudies
etudianten licence undergraduate
eurodollars Eurodollars
euro-bmissions Euroissues
euro-obligations Eurobonds
eurosterling Eurosterling
evacuationdes dechets wastedisposal
6vacuationdes eauxus6es sewagedisposal
 - 332 -

6valuationex post ex post evaluation

6valuationdes effetssur 1'environnement environmentalimpact assessment
6valuationdu projet projectappraisal
6valuationdu secteur6nergetique energyassessment
evaluationretrospective audit;evaluation;projectaudit
6valuationr6trospectivedu projet projectevaluation
6valuation(r6trospective)systematique built-inevaluation
6valuation(techniqueet 6conomique) appraisal(technicaland economic)
evasionfiscale tax avoidance
6viction crowdingout; slum clearance
evincer crowd out
evolution development
examena mi-parcours midyearreview;MidtermReview
examende l'etat d'avancementdu projet project implementationreview
examende milieud'exercice MidyearReview
examendes offres examinationof bids
excedent overhang
excedentau titre des invisibles surpluson invisibles
excedentbudg6taire budget surplus
exc6dentd'exploitation operatingsurplus
excbsd'investissement overinvestment
exclure crowd out
exclus drop out
execution(d'un contrat) performance
ex6cutionde m6tre surveying
exemplestypes stylizedfact
exercerune influence leverage
exercice fiscal year; financialyear
exigencesfonctionnelles performancerequirements
exigibilit6anticip6e acceleration(of a loan); accelerationof
maturity;prematuring
exigibilitecroisee,claused' cross-defaultclause
exigibilit6s currentliabilities
exigible callable(capital,subscription)
exigiblea vue payableon demand
exoderural rural exodus;rural-urbanmigration;
out-migration
exondation land reclamation
exonder reclaim
exoneration remission
exonerationd'imp6t tax exemption
exonerationd'imp6ts immunityfrom taxation
exonerationfiscaletemporaire tax holiday
exoner6d'imp6ts tax-free
expansionsoutenue sustainedgrowth
expatri6 expatriate
exp6dient stopgapmeasure
exp6dition shipping
experience background
 - 333-

expertise expertappraisal
experts expertise
exploitant operator
exploitantagricole farmer
exploitation line-haul;management;operation(s)
exploitationa ciel ouvert open pit, open cast, open cut, strip mining
exploitationagricole farm; farmingunit
exploitationdesforets forest logging
exploitationet entretien Operations& Maintenance
exploitationet entretienau niveaudu villagelevel operationand maintenance
village
exploitationforestiere logging
exploitationinitiale initialoperation
exploiter to tap
exploration exploration
exportable tradable
exportateurde petrole a deficit de capital-deficitoil exporter
capitaux
exportationsde destockage spilloverexports
expose issuespaper;statement
expressionen prix constants deflation
exprim6en denominatedin (dollars,etc.)
exprimeren chiffresnets to net out
exprimeren prix constants deflate
extension extension
extinction termination
extrant output
extraordinaires belowthe line (item)
 - 334 -

-F -

fabricant manufacturer
fabricationassisteepar ordinateur computeraided manufacture
fabricationde l'acier Martin open-hearthsteelmaking
fabricationen (grande)serie massproduction
facilea utillser fungible
facilitea options multiples multioptionfacility
facilited'alustementstructurel StructuralAdjustmentFacility
facilited'6misslond'effets note issuancefacility
facilitesde credit creditfacilities
facteur de conversionstandard standardconversionfactor
facteur de dissuasion,dissuasif deterrent
facteur de production input
facteur de productionnon financier noncashinput
facteur de reevaluatlon revaluationfactor
facteur d'utilisation load factor
facteurs indivisibles indivisibilities
facturationinterne chargeback
facture p6troiibre oil bill
facture pro forma pro forma invoice
facult6contributive tax-payingcapacity
falble coefficientd'endettement, underdeveraged
caractbris6par un
faire appel a l'6pargnepublique go public
faire concorder reconcile
faire des tirages draw (funds)
faire faire (une6tude) commission
faisable manageable
fait d'etat civil vital event
fait particulierementrev6lateur, stylizedfact
signicatif
faits nouveaux development
familleeiargie extendedfamily
faux frais in and out expenses
f6condation fertilzation
fer a beton rebar
ferme semenciere seedfarm
fermete buoyancy
fermeturedes bureaux closeof business
fertilisation fertilization
fertilite fecundity
feuilled'emploidu temps time sheet
feuillede presence,de pointage time sheet
feuillede pr6sence,de travail worksheet
fiche de projet projectbrief
fiche de travail worksheet
 - 335 -

fiche d'informationsur le projet ProjectInformationBrief

fiche mobile flip chart
fiche sur les conditionsde financement term sheet
filet de s6curite safetynet
filiale affiliate;subsidiary
filialea 100% wholly ownedsubsidiary
filiale d'aideliberale soft loan affiliate,window
filiale energie energyaffiliate
filiale sanssupportmat6riel shell company
filialesd'une meme societemere sistercompanies
filiere channel;industry;industrialsector;
branch of Industry;subsector;process;
track; stream
financementa forfait nonrecoursefinance
financementa moyenet a long terme term financing
financementa taux fixe fixed-ratefinancing
financementavec droit de recourslimite limitedrecoursefinance
financementavec garantie collateralfinancing
financementcomplementaire complementaryfinancing;follow-up
financing
financementconjoint joint financing
financementcouple matchedfunding
financementdes demieresech6ances fundinglat(t)ermaturities
financementdu fonds de roulement workingcapitalloan
financementgigogne piggybackfinancing
financementjumele matchedfunding
financementmixte blending(of flows); blendfinancing
financementparallele parallelfinancing
financementpar le deficit budgetaire, deficitfinancing
par l'impassebudgetaire
financementrelais repeatfinancing
financementretroactif retroactivefinancing
financementsans recours nonrecoursefinance
financementspecialconjoint SpecialJoint Financing
financialisation financialization
finissage;finition finishing
fioul fuel oil
fisc tax authorities
fixationde l'azote nitrogenfixation
fixationdes prix pricefixing
flexible fungible
flotation floor rate of exchangeemission
fluctuationdes prix priceswing
fluctuationdes taux due a une fuite de interestleakage
capitaux
flux flow
flux d'aide concessionnelle concessionalflow
flux d'aide de l'IDA IDA flows
flux d'aide non lib6rale nonconcessional,nonconcessionary
flows
 336 -

flux de capitaux capitalflow; capital movement

flux de capitauxa des conditionsnon nonconcessional,nonconcessionary
flows
liberales
flux de capitauxcompensateurs equilibratingcapitalflow
flux de capitauxpublics officialflows
flux des avantages benefitstream
flux de(s) coOts cost stream
flux des coOtset des avantages streamsof costs and benefits
flux de sortie output
flux de tresorerie cashflow
flux financiers financialflows; funds flow; flow of funds
flux financiers,analysedes funds flow analysis
flux scolaires studentflows
fonctiond'utilit6collective socialwelfarefunction
fonctionobjectif objectivefunction [economicanalysis]
fonctionnairecharged'un pays desk officer
fonctionnairestagiaire SpecialAssignmentAppointee
fonctionnaires staff
fondamental underlying
fonds (d'affectation)special(e) trust fund
fonds communde placement moneymarket (mutual)fund; mutualfund
fondsd'achat purchasefund
fonds d'amortissement sinkingfund
Fondsde bonificationd'interet InterestSubsidyFund
fonds de commerce goodwill
fonds de contrepartie counterpartfunds
fonds de developpementdes exportations export developmentfund
fonds de fiducie trust fund
fonds de peche fishinggrounds
fonds de perequation equalizationfund
fonds de placementferme closed-endinvestmentcompany,fund;
investmenttrust
Fonds de placement(pourla conversion Trust Fund
de dettesen prisede participations)
Fonds de promotiondes marchesnaissants EmergingMarketsGrowthFund
fonds de roulement workingcapital;revolvingaccount;
revolvingfund; float
fonds de roulementautre que les noncashworking capital
disponibilites
Fonds des entreprisesafricaines AfricanEnterpriseFund
fonds de stabilisation bufferfund; stabilizationfund
fonds de stabilisationdes changes exchangestabilizationfund
fonds d'Etat governmentsecurities
fonds d'Etat britanniques gilt-edgedsecurities
fonds en dep6t funds-in-trust
fondsfed6raux Federalfunds
fondsfiduciaire trust fund
Fondsfiduciairede parrainage SponsorshipTrust Fund
fonds gere trust fund
 - 337 -

fondsg6r6s managed funds

fonds(interbancaires)
en route interbank float
fondsinternational
de garantiede creiit internationalcreditguarantee fund
fondslibrementutilisables freefunds;IDA's'free funds'
fondsperdus,a on a grantbasis
fondspermanents investment capital;investedcapital;
capital;(owners')equityplusmedium-and
long-term(MLT)debt
fondspourI'Afrique AfricanFacility
Fondspourla matemitesansdanger SafeMotherhood Fund
fondspropres capitalbase;equity;stockholders'
equity;shareholders' equity;owners'
equity;equity;networth
fondspropresinsuffisants, aux undercapitalized
fondsquela Banquen'a pasregu unreleased funds
l'autorisation
de preter
fondsqui ne prelevepasde commission no loadfund
fondsqui pr6leveunecommission loadfund
fondsregulateur bufferfund;bufferstocks
fondsrenouvelable revolvingfund
Fondssaoudien SaudiFund
Fondsspeciald'aidea l'Afrique SpecialFacilityfor Sub-Saharan
Africa
subharienne
fongible fungible
forage drilling;tubewell
foragede developpement development drilling
foraged'unpuits welldrilling
forageen mer,off-shore,sous-marin offshoredrilling
forageexploratoire exploratory drilling
foragesauvage,d'exploration, de wildcat(drilling)
reconnaissance, de recherche
forcede loi;forceex6cutoire legalforce
foretdense6quatoriale rainforest;tropicalrainforest
foretombrophile rainforest
forettropicalehumide tropicalrainforest
forfaitage forfaiting
forfaftaire standard
formation background; leaming
formation a la gestion management development
formationbrutede capitalfixe grossfixedcapitalformation
formationd'adaptation & l'emploi job-related training
formationdansl'entreprise in-house training
formationde capital capitalformation
formationde revenu incomegeneration
formationdesformateurs wholesale training
formationdirectesurplace retailtraining
formationd'unsyndicatfinancier,d'un syndication
consortium
formationen coursd'emploi in-service
training
 - 338-

formationen dehors du poste de travail off-the-jobtraining

formationint6rieurede capital domesticassetformation;domesticcapital
formation
formationinterne in-housetraining
formationprofessionnelle skillsdevelopment;vocationaltraining
formationspecialis6e advancedtraining
formationsur le tas on-the-jobtraining
formationtechnique technicalbackground
formationssanitaires healthfacilities
formulede fixationdu taux d'int6rdt pricing system
Formuledes Philippines Philippinesformula
formulesnouvelles,inedites,originales creativefinancing
de financement
fort degre d'endettement,caracterise leveraged
par un
forte intensited'6nergie,a energy-intensive
forte intensited'importations,a import-intensive
fortune net worth
fosse (entreles generations) gap
fosse a niveauconstant aqua privy
fosse d'accumulation vault toilet
fosse d'aisanceamelioreeet ventilee ventilatedimprovedpit latrine
four a coke coke oven
fourchette ballparkfigure
fourchettede(s) prix price range
fourneau stove
fournisseurpreferede soins preferredproviderorganization
fournituresd'intrants input supplies
fournitureset services goodsand services
fourragearbor6 tree fodder
fourraged'appoint supplemental,supplementaryfeed
foyer stove
foyer a charbonde bois charcoalstove
fractionnementdes march6s sliceand package
fractions preteeset non rembourseesde 18%currencyamountsout on loan
ia monnaiedes 18 %
frais fee(s); usercharges,fees
fraisd'6colage tuition fees
fralsde constitutionde dossier originationfee
fraisde demarrage,d'amorcage start-upcost
frais de fonctionnementet d'entretien upkeepcosts
fraisde gestion managementfee
fraisde manutention handlingcharges
fraisd'emission flotationcosts
fraisde personnel labor costs
fraisde port port charges,tariffs
fraisde (premier)etablissement initialexpenses
fraisde premieretablissement organizationexpenses;formationexpenses
fra6sde representation businessexpenses
 - 339-

fraisde stockage carryingcosts,charges

fraisde tenuede comptes handlingcharges
fraisd'etudes,de scolarite tuition fees
fraisd'exploitation businessexpenses;runningcosts
fraisd'exploitationet d'entretien upkeepcosts
fraisgen6raux overheadcosts; overheads
frais immobilises capitalizedexpenses
frais indirects indirectcosts;on-costs
fraisnon inscritau budget nonbudgetedexpense
fraisfixes fixed costs
franchise tax exemption
franchisede droits, en duty-free
franchisede remboursement grace period
franco a bord free on board
franco long du bord free alongsideship
franco quai free on quay;free on wharf
franco wagon free on rail
fraudefiscale tax evasion
frein disincentive
freinagedes salaires wage restraint
freinagefiscal fiscal drag
freinte waste;loss in weight
freinte (de route) loss
frequence timing
fuel;fuel-oil fuel oil
fuel domestique heatingoil
fuel-oildomestique heatingoil
fuel-oillourd heavyfuel oil
fumure fertilization
fumurebasale basaldressing;bottom dressing
fumurede couverture top dressing
fusion consolidation(of companies)
 - 340 -

gadoue nightsoil
gage guarantee
gage, (droit de) lien
gainde temps time underrun
gains earnings
gamme mix
gammede production,de produits productmix
garantd'emission underwriter
garantie collateral;guarantee;security
garantieconditionnelle qualifiedguarantee
garantieconditionnellede remboursement qualifiedagreementto reimburse
garantiede bonne execution performancesecurity
garantiede l'emploi tenure
garantied'emission underwritingcommitment
garantiede parfaitachbvement performancesecurity
Garantiede recouvrementde l'apport GuaranteedRecoveryof InvestmentPrincipal
des investisseurs
garantiede soumission bid bond
garantied'une creance debt security
garantiefourniepar une compagnie performancebond
de garantieou d'assurance
garantieirrevocablede remboursement irrevocableagreementto reimburse
garantiesacceptablespour les banques bankableassurances
garantiesbancables bankableassurances
garantirun pret securea loan
garede triage marshallingyard
gas de gazogene producergas
gasohol gasohol
gas-oil dieselfuel;dieseloil
gaz associe associatedgas
gaz de cokerie coke oven gas
gaz de petroleliquefie liquefiedpetroleumgas
gaz humide wet gas
gaz naturelliquefie liquefiednaturalgas
gaz non associe nonassociatedgas
gaz pauvre producergas
gaz6ificationdu charbon coal gasification
gazole dieselfuel; dieseloil
generalisation stylizedfact
g6n6rateurd'importations import-intensive
geneticien breeder
geniteurs breedingstock
gestion management
gestioncoll6giale collegialmanagement
gestionde l'aide par pays countryassistancemanagement
gestionde la demande demandmanagement
 -341 -

gestionde la tresorerie asset and liability management

gestion de l'eau watermanagement
gestion de l'conomie, 6conomique economicmanagement
gestionde tresorerie cash management
gestiondes liquidites liquiditymanagement;liquidityportfolio
management
gestiondes risques risk management
gestiondes stocks Inventorycontrol
gestion du passif liabilitymanagement
gestiondu projet project management
gestionfinancieredes entreprises corporatefinance
gigawatt gigawatt
gisementhouiller coal field
gisementoff-shore,sous-marin offshorefield
gisementrentable commercialdeposit
glissement shift; slippage;lag
glissementdes salaires wage creep,drift
gonflerles prix overprice
goudronde houille coal tar
gouletsd'etranglement,analysedes bottleneckanalysis
gourbi slum
Gouvernement govemment
grainesoleagineuses oil seeds
grand ensemble housingestate
grandeplantation industrialestate,park
grandesroutes trunk roads
grand livre generalledger
grandordinateur mainframecomputer
grande monnaie major currency
grandsaxes trunk roads
graphiqued'execution progresschart
graphiqued'executiondes travaux constructionprogresschart
graphiquede procede,dynamique, flow chart; processchart
op6rationnel
gratuitedes services zero fee policy
greffier registrar
grille grid
gros consommateurd'6nergie energy-intensive
gros investissementsconcentr6s lumpy investment
gros-oeuvre structuralwork; shell (of a building)
groupe caucus (of countriesat Annual Meetings)
groupea compositionnon limit6e open-endedgroup
Groupeafricain AfricanCaucus(of the WorldBank)
groupe-cible targetgroup
Groupeconsultatifd'entreprises BusinessAdvisoryCouncil
Groupeconsultatifdes banques BankingAdvisoryPanel
groupe de direction managinggroup
groupe defavorise disadvantagedgroup
Groupede la Banque WorldBankGroup
 - 342 -

groupede placement selling consortium,group, syndicate

groupede reflexion think tank
Groupedes soixante-dix-sept Group of Seventy-Seven
Groupedes vingt-quatre Group of Twenty-Four
groupede travail task force
Groupede travail internationaldes InternationalCompilersWorkingGroup on
statisticiensspecialis6sdans la ExternalDebt Statistics
collectedesdonneessur la dette
exterieure
Groupede travailsur les engrais FAO/UNIDO/WorldBankWorkingGroup on
FAO/ONUDI/Banquemondiale Fertilizers
grouped'etude task force
Grouped'etudesur l'investissement TaskForce on PrivateDirectForeign
etrangerprivedirect Investment
Grouped'etudesur les flux d'aide Task Forceon ConcessionalFlows
liberale
Grouped'etudesur les flux d'aide non TaskForceon NonconcessionalFlows
liberale
Grouped'6tudesur une strategiepour African StrategyReviewGroup
l'Afrique
groupe d'experts panelof experts
groupe electrogene plant; powerunit; generatingset, unit
groupe special task force
groupementdes depenses,des front loading; front-loaded(e.g.
remboursements au debut d'une periode spending
donn6e
groupesa revenu6leve higher income brackets
grumede placage veneerlog
guichetd'aide liberale soft loan affiliate,window
guichetd'aide non liberale hardloan window
guidede l'enseignant teacher'sguide
 - 343-

-H -

habillagedu bilan windowdressing

habitatclandestin illegalhousing
habitat6volutif core housing;nuclearhousing
habitat6volutlf,progressif Incrementalbuilding,housing
hall d'habillage dressingsection,hall
hausse upswing
hautesetudes advancedstudies
hautesetudesuniversitaires postgraduatestudies
hauteurlimite clearance
hedging hedging
herbages grassland
heuresde cours teachingload
hWvMa rubbertree
heveaculture rubbertree crop
hiatus gap
hierarchie line management
histogramme bar chart
holding holdingcompany
homme-ann6e man-year
homme-lour man-day
homme-mols staff-month
homo economicus economicman
homologues counterpartstaff
honorabilite creditworthiness;credit standing
honoraires fee(s)
horaire schedule;timing
horairea la carte,variable,souple flexitime
horairesamenages,(systemed') day release
horizon timeframe
hors bilan belowthe line (item)
hors contingent abovequota
hors-taxes net of taxes;tax-free
houillebrune brown coal
huile de palme palmoil
huile de palmiste palm kerneloil
huile lourde heavyoil
huileslourdes fuel oil
humus top soil
hydraulicien water engineer
hydrauliquefluviale flood control
hydrauliquepastorale stockwatering
hydrocraquage hydrocracking
hydro6lectricite hydropower;hydroelectricpower
hygiene sanitation
hygienedu milieu environmentalhealth,sanitation
 .344-

IDA bis IDA Mark 2

Identificationdu proJet projectIdentification
igname yam
hlotinsalubre slum
immatricul6 registered
immeublecollectNf multidwellinghouse
immobilisatlon fixed investment
immobilisations;immobilisations fixed asset(s);capitalasset(s);permanent
corporelles assets;plant and equipment
immobilisationsincorporelles intangibleassets,property
immunitefiscale immunityfrom taxation
Impaye debt due
imperm6abilisation resealing
implantation site
imposition tax assessment
Impositionforfaitaire presumptivetaxation
imp6t cedulaire schedular,scheduledtax
imp6t c6dulairesur les ben6fices tax profit schedule
Imp6t d'affectationspeciale,d6termin6e earmarkedtax
imp6t de capitation poll tax; headtax; capitation
imp6t en cascade cascadetax; multiplestagetax
imp6tfoncier landtax
imp6tfonder, immobilier propertytax
Imp6t indirect excisetax
Imp6tminimalforfaitaire;impot personnel poll tax; head tax; capitation
imp6t progressif graduatedtax
imp6t sur la fortune propertytax
imp6t sur le chiffred'affaires turnovertax
imp6t sur les b6n6fices incometax; profit(s)tax
imp6t sur les ben6fices(industriels, business(profit)tax; corporateincome
commerciaux)des socithes tax; corporationtax
imp6t sur les concessions franchisetax
imp6t sur les plus-values bettermentlevy, tax; capitalgains tax
imp6t sur les salaires payrolltax
imp6t sur les socl6t6s business(profit)tax; corporateincome
tax; corporationtax
imp6tsaux frontieres bordertaxes
imprevus contingencies
imprimed'ordinateur printout
imputationde l'imp6t 6tranger foreign tax credit
imputationdes chargesa l'utilisateur chargeback
Incidence incidence
incitation incentive
incitationfiscale tax incentive
incitationsa investir investmentincentives
inclinalson(d'une courbe) steepness(of a curve)
 - 345 -

indemnite compensation
indemnite au titredu cong6dansles homeleaveallowance
foyers
indemnite de depart,de licenciement severancepay
indemnite de difficulted'existence,de hardshipallowance
penibilite
indemnite de reinstallation resettlement grant
indemnite de subsistance subsistence allowance
indemnite d'expatriation overseas allowance
indemnite joumaliere perdiem
indemnite pourchargesde famille dependency allowance
indemnites pouraccidentsdu travail workmen'scompensation
independance self-reliance
independant freestanding;self-contained
indexation(sur) adjustment
indexation dessalairessur lesprix wage-price indexing
indicateur bellwether (ofeconomictrends)
indicateuravanc6 signal
indicateurconvergent convergent indicator
indicateurd'alerte warningsignal
indicateurde conjoncture economicindicator
indicateurdiffer, retrospectif,
tardif laggingindicator
indicateur6conomique economicindicator
indicateurpilote mainindicator
indicateurpr6curseur, prospectif,avance leadingindicator
indicateursimultane, concurrent concurrent indicator
indicateurs de performance performance indicators
Indicateurs du developpement dansle monde WorldDevelopment Indicators
indiced'ajustement deflator
indicede consommation feedconversion ratio
indicede fecondite fertilityrate
indicede l'activite6conomique economicindicator
Indicede la qualitemat6rielle de la vie PhysicalQualityof LifeIndex
indicede la valeurunitairedes (WorldBank)Manufacturing UnitValue
produitsmanufactures Index
indicede la valeurunitairedes unitvalueexportindex
exportations
indicede prix implicitedu PNB GNPpricedeflator
indicedesprixA la consommation consumerpriceindex
Indicedes prixdes metauxet min6raux MetalsandMineralsPriceIndex
indicedes prixdes produits FoodPriceIndex
alimentaires
indicedes prixderivedu PNB GNPpricedeflator
indicedestauxde fret maritime oceanfreightrateindex
indicede viedynamique dynamiclife index
indiced'octane motoroctanenumber
indiceen chatne chainindex
indiceimplicitedes prix implicitdeflator
indicestatiquedesreserves StaticLHeIndex
 -346-

indice synth6tiquede fecondite total fertility rate

indigenisation indigenization;localization(of staff)
individuel(p.ex. assalnissement) on site
industriealimentaire food processingindustry
industrieartisanale cottageindustry
industried'amont supplierindustry
Industried'appui A l'agriculture agrosupportIndustry
Industriede l'habillement dothing Industry
industriede main-d'oeuvre,grosse labor-intensiveIndustry
consommatricede main-d'oeuvre
industriede ressources,exploitantles resource-basedIndustries
ressourcesnaturelles
industriede service serviceIndustry
industried6localis6e,mobile,volante footlooseindustry
industrieen declin,en crise,en perte depressedindustry
de vitesse
industrieextractive,miniere mining
industriefrontaliere borderindustry
industrielegere light industry
industrielourde heavy(engineering)industry
industrienaissante Infantindustry
industriel manufacturer
Industriesd'exportatlonou assimilees export and export-relatedindustries
industriesmecaniques engineeringindustry
industriesrbductricesd'importations import substitutionIndustries
industriessous douane in-bondIndustries
industriestravaillantdirectementou export and export-relatedindustries
indirectementpour l'exportation
inelasticitepar rapportaux prix price inelasticity
in6lasticite-prix price inelasticity
inexecutiondes obligations defaulton obligations
infectiona support hydrique water-baseddisease
infectiondue au manqued'eau water-washeddisease
infectionhydrique waterbornedisease
infirmier(ere)diplom6(e)d'Etat registerednurse
inflationA deux chiffres doubledigit inflation;two digit inflation
inflationde base core Inflation
inflationde coOt cost-pushinflation
inflationdes grades gradecreep
inflationend6mique,tendancielle underlyinginflation
inflationgalopante gallopinginflation;runawayinflation
inflationlarvee,latente,masquee hiddeninflation
inflationlarvee,rampante creepinginflation
inflationpar la demande demand-pullinflation
inflationpar les coOts cost-pushinflation
informationen retour feedback(of information)
informationsprMil6gi6es insideinformation
infractionaux reglesde passationde misprocurement
marches
 - 347.

infrastructure capitalinfrastructure
infrastructured'accuell capability
infrastructureeconomiqueet sociale social overheadcapital
infrastructurematerielle physicalinfrastructure
infrastructureprimaire trunk Infrastructure
infrastructures capitalworks
ingenieriede construction design engineering
ing6nieriede procede processengineering
ing6nieriefinanciere financialengineering
lngenieuragricole agriculturist
lngenleur-conseil engineeringconsultant
ingenieurde genlecivil civil engineer
Ing6nleurdes pontset highwaysengineer
chaussees
Ing6nieurouvragesd'art structuralengineer
ing6nieurVRD municipalengineer
Initiativepour le Bassindes Caralbes CaribbeanBasinInitiative
Input input
Inscriptiona la cote officielle registration
Inscriptions enrollments
inscriptlonss'annulantmutuellement mutuallyoffsettingentries
inscrire to record
Inscriredans un comptede charge to expense
Inspecteur(de la Banquede France) bank examiner
inspecteurde la vulgarisation extensionofficer
instabilite volatility
Installation facility
installationde compteurs metering
installationdes derniersequipements mechanicalcompletion
installations physicalfacilities;plant
installationsen aval downstreamplant,facilities
installationset mat6riel hardware
instancesup6rieure parent body
institutionaffiliee affiliate
institutionde cr6dit foncier mortgagebank
institutionde financementdu developmentfinanceinstitution
d6veloppement
institutionde pret, de credit lendingagency,institution
institutionde reprised'hypotheques secondarymarketmortgageinstitution
institutionfattiere apex institution
institutionfinancierenon bancaire nonbankfinancialinstitution;nonbankbank
institutionspecialis6e specializedagency
institutionsfinancieresTnternationales internationalfinancialinstitutions
instruction statement
instruction(d'un dossier) processing
instructionelementaire literacy
instructionspermanentes standinginstructions,orders
instrumentd'acceptation instrumentof acceptance
instrumentde pouvoirliberatoire legaltender
 -348 -

instrumentde reserve reserveasset

instrumentparticipatKf equity-likeInstrument
instrumentsa terme futures
Instrumentsd'intervention policy instruments
instrumentsdu marchemonbtaire moneymarketpaper
instrumentsjuridiques legalinstruments
instrumentsquasi mon6taires nearcash Instruments
insuffisance shortfall
insuffisancede financementex ante ex ante financinggap
insuffisancede l'investissement investmentgap
insuffisancede recouvrement undercollection
integration backwardintegration,linkage;
backward-forwardintegration,linkage
integrationen aval forwardintegration
integrationen aval d'une industrie forwardlinkageof an industry
integrationhorizontale horizontalintegration
intensification deepening
intensitede culture croppingintensity
intensite(relative)du capital capitalintensity
intensited'utilisationd'energie constantenergyintensity
constante
interaction trade-off
interchangeable fungible
int6ressement profit sharing
int6retben6ficiaire beneficialinterest
interetconditionnel contingentinterest
intereteconomique economicinterest
interet 6conomiquedirect working interest
interet patrimonial proprietaryinterest
interets interestyield
interets(payes,courus,a courir) interestcharges
int6retscompos6s,capitalis6s compoundinterest
interetscourus;int6retsechus accrued interest
interetsen cause vested interests
interetset commissionssur les prets loan charges
interetsimpayesne sont pas in a nonaccrualstatus
comptabilises,dont les
int6retsintercalaires interestduring construction
int6retsmoratoires intereston overduepayment;moratorium
interest
interetsnon echus interestnot accrued
int6retspercus interestincome,earnings
intermediation intermediation
interm6diationfinanciere marketintermediation
internat internship
interrogation examination(of witnessesor experts)
interruption outage;shutdown
interurbainautomatique subscribertrunk dialing
intervallede temps time lag
 - 349 -

intervallegenesique birth Interval

intervention statement
interventions operation(s)
intrant input
intrant payant,achete cash input
intrantsintermediaires intermediateInputs
introverti inward-looking
inventairedes ressources resourcesurvey
inventaireforestier forestryInventory
investir Invest
investissement capitalinvestment;investment
investissement A fonds perdus sunk cost
investissement A provisionner impairedinvestment
investissement brut en capitalfixe grossfixed investments;gross fixed
capitalexpenditure
investissement de portefeuille portfolioinvestment
investissement de productivite capitaldeepeninginvestment
investissement(d'infrastructure) overheadcapital
investissement en capitalfixe fixed investment
investissement "en rasecampagne" greenfieldinvestment
investissement humain self-help
investissement initial capitalcost
investissementinterieurbrut gross domesticinvestment
investissement materiel physicalinvestment
investissement nationalbrut gross nationalinvestment
investissement porteurd'exportations export-orientedinvestment
investissement qui n'a pas encore unseasonedinvestment
atteintson rendementnormal
investissement sous forme de pret loan investment
investissementsa rendementrapide quick maturinginvestments
investissements arriv6sA maturite,qui matureinvestments
commencentA rapporter
investisseursinstitutionnels institutionalinvestors
irrecevable ineligible
irrigationAla raie corrugationirrigation
irrigationA pivot central centralpivot sprinkleirrigation
irrigationau goutte-a-goutte drip irrigation
irrigationcontr6lee controlledIrrigation
irrigationpar aspersion sprinkleirrigation
irrigationpar bassins(de submersion), basin irrigation
par submersionartHficielle
irrigationpar gravite gravity irrigation
irrigationpar inondation flood irrigation;spateirrigation
irrigationpar planches,A la planche, strip irrigation;border irrigation;
par calants,au calant border stripirrigation;strip check
irrigation;ribbon checkirrigation;
border checkirrigation;borderditch
irrigation;gravity checkirrigation
 - 350-

irrigationpar ruisseilementnaturel, wild flooding

par deversement,par 6pandage
irrigationpar ruisseilement runoff irrigation;trickie irrigation
irrigationpar ruisseliementr6gI6 controlledflooding
irrigationpar sillons, Infiltration, furrow Irrigation
par foss6s
irrigationpar submersioncontr6t6e flood controlirrigation
irrigationsouterraine subirrigation;subsoilirrigation
irrigationsuperficielie surfaceIrrigation
 - 351-

jacherede brousse bush fallow

jachereforestiere forestfallow
jardin semencier seed garden
jauge brute gross (register)tonnage
jauge nette net registertonnage
jeu a sommenegative negativesum game
jeu a sommenulle zero sumgame
jeu a sommepositive plus, positivesum game
jeu d'entreprise managementgame
jeuneplant seedling
jeune(s)descolarlse(s) out-of-schoolyouth
journallers casuallabor; hired labor
journeede travail man-day
juridictionterritoriale territorialjurisdiction
jury d'experts panelof experts
justificationde l'emploldes fonds accountability
 - 352 -

- K-

kilometrelineaire line kilometer

kit kit
 - 353-

lacunefiscale,reglementaire tax loophole

laminagedes ben6fices profit squeeze
langagede programmation computerlanguage
latent underlying
latrinea chassed'eau manuelle pour flush latrine
latrinea fosse pit latrine
l'Autorit6qui a d6sign6(les experts DesignatingAuthority (of PanelMembers)
figurantsur la liste)
leasing leasing
l'effectif physicalcommodity
leger marginal
legumea feuillealimentaire,feuillu leafvegetable
legumea fruit fruit vegetable
legumineuses pulses
les economiquementfaibles low income people
lethargie stagnation(of the economy)
lettreannexe side letter; supplementalletter
lettre de change bill of exchange
lettre de confort letter of comfort
lettre de cooperation letter of cooperation
lettre de cr6dit letter of credit
lettre de mission terms of reference
lettre d'information letter of information
lettre d'intention letter of intent
lettre d'invitation letter of invitation
lettre sur les conditionsde decaissement disbursementletter
lettresde cr6ances credentials
leve survey
leveaeromagnetique aeromagneticsurvey
levetopographique land survey
lev6e waiver(of immunity);bund
levee(d'immunite) waiver
leverles contr6les decontrol;remove,lift credit
restriction;deregulate
levierfiscal, budg6taire fiscal leverage
leviersd'imposition;leviersfiscaux tax handles
liaisonen amont backwardintegration,linkage
liaisonUHF,en ondesdecimetriques, UHFlink
d'ultra hautefr6quence
liaisonverticale integration,linkage
backward-forward
liaisonVHF,en ondesm6triques,de tres VHFlink
hautefr6quence
liaisonsen aval d'une industrie forwardlinkageof an industry
liaisonsinterindustrielles interindustrylinkages
libell6en denominatedin (dollars,etc.)
 - 354 -

liberal concessional;concessionary
lib6rationdes kchanges trade liberalization
liberationdu capital drawdownof equity
liberer release;deregulate
libbrer (p.ex. [es prix) decontrol;remove,lift credit restrictions
Libor LIBOR
libre-echange free trade
licenci6 graduate
licenciement redundancy;termination
lieu d'affectation duty station
lieux de peche fishinggrounds
lignede credit overdraftfacilities
lignede creidt a longterme pour le Long-termFacilityfor FinancingPurchases
financementdes achats de biens of CapitalGoods by DevelopingCountries
d'equipementde paysen d6veloppement
lignede partagedes eaux watershed
lignede r6partition subtransmissionline; secondary
transmissionline
ligne de transport transmissionline
lignede transportsimple singlecircuit line
ligne individuelle,non partagee direct exchangeline
lignetarifaire tariff line
lignite browncoal
limitation(volontaire)des salaires wage concessions
limitationsvolontairesdes exportations voluntaryexport restraints
limite marginal
limite de charge a l'essieu axle load limit
limite du projet project boundary
limite statutaire statutoryceiling
limitesimposeesau pouvoird'engagement pro rata commitmentauthority limitations
par le principede la proportionnalite
limitesimpos6espar la prudence prudentialconstraints
liquefactiondu charbon coal liquefaction
liquidation tax assessment
liquider to disestablish
liquidesde gaz naturel naturalgas liquids
liquidite moneyness
liquidit6internationale internationalliquidity
liquidites liquidassets;quick assets;balances
liquidit6sprovenantdu remboursementde IDA's"freefunds"
credits
liste schedule
liste d'experts panelof experts
Listede conciliateurs,arbitres Panelof Conciliators,Arbitrators
liste de prix price list; quotations
liste de projets pipelineof projects
liste restreinte;liste selective short list
livre du maitre teacher'sguide
localisation site
 - 355 -

location-vente hire purchase

locaux physicalfacilities
locauxsuppl6mentaires extension
logementde fonction staff house
logementembryonnaire core housing;nuclearhousing;dwelling
core
logementen dur permanenthousing
logementen materiauxnon durables nonpermanenthousing
logementBsauvage" unregulatedhousing
logementsemi-dur semipermanenthousing
logementsocial public housing;socialhousing
logiciel software
loi de finances appropriationlaw
lol de fond substantivelaw
lol de proc6dure procedurallaw; adjectivelaw
loi des rendementsd6croissants law of diminishingreturns
loi portantautorisation enablinglegislation
long6vit: life expectancy
lot package;bid package
lotissement development
lourdementengag6 overexposed
loyer rent
lucratif profitable
lutte (contre) control
lutte phytosanitalre pest and diseasecontrol
lyophilisatlon freezedrying
 - 356 -

machinede traitementde textes word processor

machiniste operator
main-d'oeuvre labor force
main d'oeuvreintermittente,occasionnelle casuallabor
main d'oeuvrejournaliere hired labor
main-d'oeuvrenon qualifiee unskilledlabor
main-d'oeuvreplethorique redundancy
main-d'oeuvrequalifiee skilled manpower
main-d'oeuvrespecialisee semiskilledmanpower
maintenance maintenance
maintiende la valeur maintenanceof value
maintiendes avantagesacquis,clausede grandfatherclause
maisond'acceptation acceptance,acceptinghouse
maisonde titres securitiesdealer;securitiesfirm
maltrede l'ouvrage owner (of a project);implementingagency;
client;contractingauthority;developer;
principal
maitre d'oeuvre prime, principal,main contractor;project
manager;projectmanager;executingagency
maitrise(de l'eau) control
maitrisede l'eau water control
maitrisede l'energie energy rationalization
maitrisedes couts cost control
maitrisedes crues flood control
maitrisedu plan d'eau water control
majorationde prix mark-up
majoritequalHfiee qualifiedmajority
maladieAsupport hydrique water-baseddisease
maladiedue au manqued'eau water-washeddisease
maladiehydrique waterbornedisease
maladietransmisepar des vecteurs vectorbornedisease
maladiesdiarrheiques diarrhealdiseases
malnutritionproteino-energetique protein-energymalnutrition
management management
mandant(s)d'un Administrateur constituent(s)of an ExecutiveDirector
mandat(des consultants) terms of reference
mandatde paiement voucher
mandataire assignee;agent; agent bank
maniable manageable
manipuler to handle
manoeuvres unskilledlabor
manqueA (gagner,produire) loss
manquede capitaux capitalinadequacy
manquede concordancedes echeances maturitymismatch
manquede synchronismedes echeances maturitymismatch
 - 357-

manquementaux obligations defaulton obligations

manquementreciproque,clausede cross-defaultclause
manutentionner to handle
maquette layout
marasme stagnation(of the economy)
marchand trader
marchandisage merchandising
marchandise commodity
marchandisesde detail less than carloadfreight
marchandisesdiverses generalcargo
marchandises(entreposees)en douane bondedgoods
marchandisesgen6rales,diverses breakbulk
marche contract
marcheA forfait lump sum contract
marchea prix de revientmajored'un cost-pluspercentagefee contract
pourcentage
marcheA prixforfaitaire fixed cost contract;fixed price contract
marcheA prix unitaires unit price contract
marcheA terme d'instrumentsfinanciers financialfutures market
marchbactif deep market
marcheA terme futuresmarket
marcheau comptant spot market;cash market
marcheau metre admeasurement, remeasurementcontract
marcheau prix de revientmajore,sur cost-pluscontract
depensescontrolees
marchebaissier bear market
marchebancairedes particuliers retailbanking
marcheconcurrentiel competitivemarket
marched'acheteurs buyer'smarket
marchede gre a gre negotiatedcontract
marchedes capitaux capitalmarket
marchedes capitaux;marchefinancier financialmarket
marchedes changesA terme forwardexchangemarket
marchedes changes,des devises foreign exchangemarket
marchedes euromonnales,des eurodevises Eurocurrencymarket
marche(des instruments)A terme futuresmarket
marchedestitres, des valeursmobilieres securitiesmarket
marchede vendeurs seller'smarket
marchedu disponible spot market;spot market
marchedu travail labor market
marcheferme,soutenu,actif buoyantmarket
marchefinancier open market;capitalmarket
marchefractionne 'slice and package'contract
marchegris grey, gray market
marchehaussier bull market
marchehors-cote over-the-countermarket;curb market
marchehors-frontiere offshoremarket
marchemonetaire,de l'argent moneymarket
marchesecondaire secondarymarket
 - 358-

marche"spot" spot market

marchbsur depensescontrolees cost-plus(fixed)fee contract; cost
reimbursablecontract
march6sur depensescontr6l6esavec cost plus percentage(fee) contract
pourcentage
marchesur devisestimatifet admeasurementcontract; remeasurement
quantitatif contract
marchesur devis,sur bordereaude prix, schedulecontract
Aprix unitaire
marge(p.ex.entre le coOtdes emprunts spread (e.g betweenborrowingcost and
et le taux des prets) lending rates)
margeb6neficiaire profit margin
margebruted'autofinancement cash flow
margecommerciale,beneficlaire mark-up
margede decaissement headroom
margede pr6f6rence domesticpreference;preference,
preferentialmargin;marginof preference
margede ressourcesinutilisees slack
marginal marginal
marque brand name
marque(de fabrique,de commerce) trademark
massede manoeuvre leeway;workingfunds
massemonetaire moneystock; moneysupply
massemonetaireau sens 6troit narrow money
massemon6taireau senslarge broad money
massesalariale wage bill
mat6riel equipment; hardware
materielconsomptible expendableequipment
materielde commutation switchingequipment
mat6rielde complement balancingequipment
materielde plantation plantingmaterial
materielde selection breedingmaterial
mat6rieldidactique,pedagogique teachingaids; educationalmaterial
materieldurable,non consomptible,non nonexpendableequipment
fongible, permanent
mat6rielfongible; materielnon durable expendableequipment
matiere subjectmatter
matiereimposable tax base
matierepremierede procede feedstock
matieresconsommables consumables
(matieres)d'orientation orientational(subjects)
matieresprincipales core subjects;basicsubjects
matricede comptabilitesociale social accountingmatrix
mauvalsfonctionnementdu marche marketfailure
mauvaiseaffectationdes ressources misallocationof resources
mazout fuel oil
mecanisme facility
m6canismeautomatiquede revision automaticresettingmechanism
(destaux d'interet)
 - 359-

Mecanismed'aide speclale SpecialAssistanceFacility

mecanismede cr6dit creditfaclities
m6canismede d6multiplicatlon stretchingmechanism
M6canismede financementde la ProjectPreparationFacility
preparationdes projets
mecanismede garantled'achat backup (underwriting)facility
mecanismede regulationpar les stocks buffer stockscheme
mecanismedes prix de declenchement TriggerPrice Mechanism
Mecanismespeciaide financementde la SpecialProject PreparationFacility
preparationdes projets
mbcanismesupplimentalre additionalfacility
medecinaux pleds nus barefootdoctor
medlas mass media
memolre memorial;statement
memolrejurldique memorandumof law
m6molremorte read only memory
m6moirevive randomaccessmemory
Memorandumaux Administrateurs Memorandumto the ExecutiveDirectors
m6morandumd'accompagnement coverlngmemorandum
memorandumde demarrage Initiatingmemorandum
memorandum6conomlque(sur un pays) countryeconomicmemorandum
memorandumInitial Initiatingmemorandum
m6morandumsur le secteurde... country sectormemorandum
Memorandumsur les arrangements Memorandumof AdministrativeArrangements
administratlfs
mensurationcadastrale surveying
mercurlale postedvalues;quotations
message signal
mesurage surveying
mesureconservatoire provisionalmeasure;stopgapmeasure
mesured'encouragement Incentive
mesureindirecte proxy
mesurescommercialesrestrictives restrictivetrade policy
mesuresd'6conomies(d'6nergie), housekeepingmeasures
d'entretienameliore
mesuresd'intervention policy instruments
metayage sharecropping
metayer sharecropper
methodeactive problem-solvingapproach
methodecomptable accountingprocedure
methoded'actualisationdes flux discountedcash flow method
financiers
methodedes coOtsproportionnels direct costing
methodedes coOtsvariables direct costing
methodedes effets effectsmethod
methodedes moindrescarres leastsquaresmethod
methodedes moindrescarresordinaires ordinaryleast squaresmethod
(m6thodedu) bilan actualise currentcost (value)accounting
methodedu chemin critique criticalpath method
 - 360 -

methodedu direct costing direct costing

m6thodedu maximumde vraisemblance maximumlikelihoodmethod
mbthodedu moindrecoOt leastcost analysis
methodedu prix de revientcomplet full cost accounting;absorptionaccounting
methodedu prix de revientpar commande Joborderaccounting
methodedu prix de revientstandard standardcost accounting
m6thodescuiturales farmingtechniques
(m6thodesde) determinationde la valeur customsvaluation(practices)
en douane
m6thodesd'6levage animalhusbandry
metred'evaluation pricedbill of quantities;bill of
quantities
metreur quantitysurveyor
mettrea la casse,a la r6forme to scrap
mettrea profit to tap
mettreen culture reclaim
mettreen forme edit (textsfor publication)
mettreen service commission
mettre en valeur reclaim
mettrefin a terminate
mettrefin aux actites to disestablish
MIBOR MIBOR
microdonn6es microdata
microedition desktoppublishing
micro-enseignement microteaching
mil; mil a chandelle;mulpenicillaire; millet;pearl millet;cattailmillet;
mil perl6 Indianmillet;Africanmillet;Egyptian
millet;EastIndianmillet;rag millet;
Africancane;Egyptianwheat; bajra
milieuxd'affaires businesscommunity
millet;millet a grappe;millet commun millet; proso; broom corn millet;broom
millet;hog millet
millionsde barilsequivalentp6trole millionsof barrelsper day oil equivalent
par jour
mineraide rebut mineralwaste
minerauxnon combustibles nonfuelminerals
mines mining
mineur marginal
ministeredepensier spendingministry
ministerede tutelle supervisoryministry
ministered'ex6cution line department,ministry
ministerescles core ministries,departments
minorer(des marchandises) underprice
minorft4de blocage minoritythreshold
mis en forme par edited by
miseau point development
mise au point technique engineeringdevelopment
mise de fonds investment;cash equity
miseen commun pooling
 - 361 -

miseen m6moire storage

miseen pension repurchase agreement
miseen rapport swap
miseen sac bagging
miseen valeur development
miseen valeurdesterres landdevelopment
miseen vigueurliee,clausede cross-effectiveness
clause
mission fieldtrip
missiona l'exterieur,surle terrain fieldassignment,mission
missiond'assistancepreparatoire au PreparatoryAssistanceto the Government
gouvernement (Mission)
missionde contr6leexterieur externalreviewmission
missionde postevaluation postappraisalmission
missionde preevaluation preappraisalmission
missionde reclassement graduationmission
missionde supervision supervisionmission
missiond'etude reviewmission;surveymission;
exploratorymission
missiond'etudedesinvestissements investmentreviewmission
missiond'6valuation appraisalmission
missiond'evaluationretrospective auditmission
missiond'examen(d'unprojet) midtermprojectreviewmission
A mi-parcours
missionpluridisciplinaire compositemission;full mission
mobiliser to raise(funds,etc.);to tap;
to discount
mobilitesociale socialmobility
moded'h6bergement accommodation type
modede faire-valoir farmingsystem
(modede) presentation format
modele standard; design;format
modelea deuxecarts two gapmodel
modeled'equilibregeneralmultisectoriel multisectoralgeneralequilibrium
model
modeled'offres bidform
modeleentr6es-sorties input-outputmodel
modeleexhaustif ultimatemodel
modeleglobal aggregate model
modeleinformatised'equilibreg6neral computable generalequilibriummodel
modelemacro-economique standardde la revisedminimumstandardmodel
Banquemondiale
Modelepourla conception et l'entretien Highways
Designand Maintenance
Model
desroutes
modelesousformereduite reducedformmodel
modeliste designer
modernisation rehabilitation
modesd'6levage animalhusbandry
modifiable fungible
apport6es
modifications aux Statuts amendments to theArticlesof Agreement
modulesde formationmultimedia multimediatrainingmodules
 - 362 -

moindrescarres, methodedes least squaresmethod

moindrescarres ordinaires,m6thodedes ordinaryleastsquaresmethod
moins-perVu undercollection
moins-value capitalloss
moisde travail staff-month
mondialisation globalization
mon6tisation monetization
moniteur extensionagent,worker
monnaieagreee eligiblecurrency
monnaleau sens6troit narrowmoney
monnaleau sens large broad money
monnalecentrale high-power(ed)money
monnalecomptablea la frontiere bordercurrency(uni)
monnaled'echange trading currency
monnalede r6serve reservecurrency
monnaledes 18 % 18%currency
monnaled6tenuepar les banques currencyIn banks
monnaled6termin6epar r6f6rencea tied currency
monnaled'intervention interventioncurrency
monnaleelastlque elasticmoney
monnaleen cours 16gal legaltender
monnaleetrangere foreign currency
monnaleexterne outsidemoney
monnalefaible soft currency
monnalefiduclairehors banques currencyoutsidebanks
monnaieforte hard currency
monnaleinterne insidemoney
monnalelocale local currency
monnalelocale (p.ex.franc CFA) domesticcurrency
monnalenationale local currency;domesticcurrency
monnalepleinementconvertible trading currency
monnaieprincipale major currency
monnaierattacheeA tied currency
monnaierattacheeA l'or gold-peggedcurrency
monnaiescripturale bankmoney
monnaleslibrementconvertibles free (foreign)exchange
monoculture sole cropping; monoculture
monographie case study
montagefinancier financialpackage
montant(d'un pr6t) proceeds
montantcumulatifpassepar perteset cumulativewrite-offs
profits
montantdes prets des banques bankexposure
montanten principal principal
montantforfaitaire lump sum price
montantnotifi6de la dette reporteddebt
montanttotal de la dette debt overhang
montanttotal des caps autorlses GlobalCap Authority
montanttotal des prets librementaccord6s aggregateof free-limitloans
 - 363-

montanttotal des swapsautorises GlobalSwapAuthority

montantsengages exposure
montantspassespar perteset profits write-offs
monteeen production productionbuild up
moratoirefiscal tax deferral
mortaliteInfantile Infantmortality
mortalitejuvenile child mortality
mouvement flow
mouvementascendantdes postes grade creep
mouvementde capitaux capitalflow; capitalmovement
mouvementssaisonniers seasonalmovements
moyen Input
moyende preuve evidence
moyenneharmonique harmonicmean
moyennemobile movingaverage;runningaverage
moyennepond6r6e weightedaverage
moyens,(coOts) rolled (costs)
moyensd'action policy Instruments
moyensde droit claim
moyensde grandeinformation massmedia
moyensd'enseignement teachingaids
moyensde paiementa l'encaissement float
moyensde palementnon recouvres float
moyensde tresorerie liquidassets;quick assets
moyensd'intervention,d'execution,de implementationcapacity,capability
r6alisation,d'administration
moyensfinanciers(des ben6ficiaires) abilityto pay; capacityto pay
multiplicateurdu credit credit multiplier
mutualisation pooling
mutualisationdes risques socializationof risks
 - 364 -

-N-

naissancevivante live birth

nantissement lien; security;collateral
nantissement(d'actions) pledge(of shares)
nappeaquHfere; nappe phreatique aquffer
nappephr6atique,souterraine groundwatertable
national onshore
navetteur commuter
navigation shipping
navireroulier roll-on/roll-off(ro/ro) ship
naviretransbordeur ferry
navire-citerne tanker
n'ayantpas droit ineligible
ne plus pouvoirbeneficierdu graduate
financementde la Banque
ne remplissantpas les conditionsvoulues ineligible
negociant trader
n6gociationdans des conditionsde arm's lengthnegotiation
pleineconcurrence,d'egal a 6gal
negociationde largespaquetsd'actions blocktrading
N6gociationsd'Uruguay UruguayRound
n6gociationscommercialesmultilaterales multilateraltrade negotiations
n6gociationstarifaires tariff negotiations,round
nepotisme cronyism
ne pouvantetre amorti(e)par anticipation noncallable
netsd'imp6ts net of taxes
ni6b6 cowpea
niveaucritiquede consommation critical consumptionlevel
niveaude prets soutenable sustainablelevel of lending
niveaud'equilibredes prets steadystatelending
niveaude remplacement replacementlevel
niveaude servicerendu servicestandard
niveaude vie standardof living
niveaud'indifference break-evenpoint
niveaud'instruction literacylevel
niveauxde nutrition food levels
niveleuse grader
nivellement flatteningout
nom commercial trade name; brand name
nom g6nerique nonproprietaryname
nombred'animaux stock
nombred'animauxen debut de periode openingstock
nombred'animauxen fin de periode closingstock
nombred'6levespassantpar le systeme flows (throughsystem);throughput
scolaire
nombrede sortants,dipl6mes output
 - 365 -

nombrede voix voting rights;voting power

(nombred') heuresde cours teachingload
nombred'Inscrits enrollments
nominationa titre permanent regularappointment
non comptabilis6 unaccounted
non concessionnel nonconcessional
non connu not available
non d6clare;non enregistr6;non factur6 unaccounted
non denommeailleurs not elsewherespecified
non garanti unsecured(note,loan, etc.)
non habilite ineligible
non imputablesau projet nonincremental
non imputb unallocated
non inclusailleurs not includedelsewhere
non li6s au projet nonincremental
non recens6 unaccounted
normalis6 standard
norme (de qualite,de service) standard
normesde construction design standards
notation(du personnel) performanceevaluation
note statement
note a la direction managementletter
note de presentationdu projet projectbrief
note de synthbse positionpaper
note d'informationsur le projet ProjectInformationBrief
notificationde renonciationau principe waivernotification
de la repartitiondes charges
nouveaupays industriel newlyindustrializingcountry
nouvelexamen resubmission
nouvelordre economiqueinternational New InternationalEconomicOrder
noyau;noyaugaranti;noyauirreductible hard core
 -366 -

-0-

obligataire bondholder
obligation bond; note
obligation(non garantie) debenture
obligation& couponzero zero couponbond
obligationa lots serial bond, loan
obligationa prime d'6mission original issuediscountbond; discountbond
obligationa prime d'6mission6levee deep discountbond, note
obligationa tauxflottant floating rate bond
obligationa taux variable floating rate bond
obligationau porteur bearerbond
obligationavec option de change (multiple)(currency)option bond
obligationavec option mon6taire (multiple)(currency)option bond
obligationa warrant warrantbond
obligationcautionn6e customsduty bill
obligationclassique,ordinaire straightbond
obligationconvertible convertiblebond
obligationde constituerun dep6t advancedeposit requirements(on imports)
prealable
obligationde soci6te corporate bond
obligationd'Etat governmentbond
obligationindexee indexed,index-linkedbond
obligationmuniede coupon coupon bond
obligationnominative registeredbond
obligationperp6tuelle perpetualbond
obligationwarrantee warrantbond
obligations liabilities
obligationsau titre du servicede la debt servicerequirements
dette
obligationscontractuelles contractualobligations
obligations6misespar des organismes agency securities,obligations
f6d6raux
obligationsen circulation outstandingbonds
obstaclenon tarifaire nontariffbarrier
obstacletarifaire tariff barrier
obtenir un pret securea loan
office de commercialisation marketingboard;trading board,authority
offre chiffree(avecindicationde prix) priced offer
offre de capitaux capitalsupply
offre exc6dentaire oversupply
offre jugeela plus avantageuse lowestevaluatedbid
offre la plus basse lowestbid
offre non retenue unsuccessfulbid
offre publique public borrowing,offering
offre publiqued'achat takeoverbid
offresfractionn6es componentbidding
 - 367 -

onchocercose river blindness;onchocerciasis

"open market" open market
operateur operator;trader
operateur,op6ratricede traitementde word processor
textes
op6ration venture
operationconjointe,en association joint venture
op6rationcouvertecontre les risquesde currency-hedgedtransaction
change
operationde bourse stockexchangetransaction
op6rationde r6visionhors-programme unscheduledmaintenance
operationde revisionprogrammee scheduledmaintenance
operationpilote; operationtemoin demonstrationactivity
operations operation(s)
operationscourantes currentbalanceof payments
operationsd'open market open marketoperations
operationsde montagea l'etranger offshoreprocessing,assembly
op6rationsen amont upstreamprocess
operationsen regimede croisibre steady stateoperations
op6rationsinvisibles invisibletransactions
operations-pays country operations
opinion avec reserves qualifiedopinion
option alternative
option d'achat,de rachat call option
optionde conversion(d'un pret en equityfeature
participationau capital)
optionde souscription stockoption
optionde vente put option
orateurprincipal keynotespeaker;keynoter
ordinaires(recetteset d6penses) abovethe line (item)
ordonnancesde procedure proceduralorders
ordre d'achat et de vente trading ticket
ordre de service noticeto proceed
ordre de servicede modifications orderfor work changes;changeorder
de l'ouvrage
ordre du jour annote annotatedagenda
orduresm6nagbres domesticwaste
organe unit
organede decision decision-makingbody
organeofficiel statutorybody
organesde grandeinformation mass media
organigramme organizationalstructure
organisation management;organizationalstructure
organisation(des soinsprimaires) deliverysystem;supplysystem
organisationbenevoleprivee privatevoluntaryorganization
organisationchargeede l'execution executingagency
(d'un programme)
organisationd'accueil Host Organization
organisationdes carrieres careerdevelopment
 -368 -

organisationdes soinsprimaires healthdeliverysystem

organisationet methodes organization& methods
organisationmaterielleet financierede corporatestructure
l'entreprise
organisationnon gouvernementale nongovernmental organization
organisationphysique,spatiale layout
organisationpostulante RequestingOrganization
organisationsinternationales sur les internationalcommodityorganizations
produitsde base
organismea but non lucratif nonprofitorganization;not-for-profit
organization
organismechargedu projet project agency
organismechef de file lead agency
organismede contr6le,de regulatoryagency
reglementation,
reglementaire,de
supervision
organismede droit public statutorybody
organismede maintiende la sante healthmaintenanceorganization
organismed'emission issuer
organismede pret, de credit lendingagency, institution
organismede tutelle parent body
organismed'execution implementingagency
organismed'intervention governmentdepartment,agency;executing
agency; implementingagency
organismepolyvalent,multiservices, one-stopagency
centralisateur,a tout faire
orientation(p.ex.vers les services referral
competents)
orientationde la demande demandmanagement
orientationdu credit directedcredit
orientationprofessionnelle vocationalguidance
orientationscolaire educationalguidance
originedu capital ownership(of a corporation)
originedu capitalsocial ownershipstructure(of a company)
ossature structuralwork
outillage equipment
ouverturede credits budget authority
ouverturede credits pour la prisede equity line
participations
ouverturede credits pour l'octroi de credit line
prets
ouverturedes plis openingof bids; bid opening
ouvertured'un credit budget appropriation
ouvrage facility
ouvragede tete head gate structure
ouvrages capitalworks
ouvragesde prised'eau intake
ouvraison processing
ouvrier professionnel;ouvrier qualifiA skilledworker
 - 369 -

ouvriersp6ciallsb semiskilledworker
 - 370-

paddy paddy rice

paiement disbursement
paiementcomptant cash payment
palementcontre documents cash againstdocuments
paiementde contrepartie matchingpayment
paiementechelonne progresspayment
palementen bloc balloonpayment
paiementperiodique annuity
paiementsanticipesau titre des advancedexport payments
exportations
paiementsau titre du revenudes facteurs factor income payments
paiementsde transfert transferpayments
paiementsinternationauxcourants currentinternationalpayments
paillage mulching
paillagea basede chaume stubblemulch farming
pair par value
palliatif stopgapmeasure
palmiste palm kernel
panachage blending(of flows)
panachea court terme current blend
panachagede long terme long-termblendedcost rate
panier mix
panne outage
papier paper
papier a terme offerten permanence ContinuouslyOfferedLonger-TermSecurities
papiercommercial commercialpaper;commercialbills
papierfinancier commercialpaper;commercialbills;
financialpaper
paradisfiscal tax haven;tax shelter
parc (dev6hicules) fleet
parc (immobilierp.ex.) stock
parc d'engraissement feedlot
parc de vaccination vaccinationyard
parc disponible availability
parc immobilier housingstock
parc industriel industrialestate,park
parcellede d6monstration demonstrationplot
parcelled'habitation housingplot
parcelleexp6rimentale test plot
parcellenon am6nagee,non viabilisee undevelopedplot
parcellenon lotie unsubdividedplot
parcellesassainies sites and services
parcours rangeland
pare-feu firebreak
purit6 par value
 - 371 -

paritedu pouvoird'achat purchasingpowerparity

paritesde changehomogbnes unifiedcross rates
paritesmobiles(glissantes,rampantes), crawlingpeg
systemede
part b6neficiaire founder'sshare
part d'adhesion membershipshares
part de capital proprietaryinterest
part de financementmaximale exposure
part de fondateur founder'sshare
part des risques exposure
partagede l'imp6t, des produitsde tax sharing
l'imp6t
partagede temps time sharing
partagedes couts cost sharing
partagedes recettes(fiscales) revenuesharing
partage(proportionnelle)des charges burdensharing
partenairescommerciaux trading partners
partenariat partnership
parti architectural layout;design
parti constructif structuraldesign
participation co-exposure[insurance];exposure
participationa forfait, sansrecours nonrecourseparticipation
participation& toutesles echeances strip participation
participationau capital equityfinancing,investment
participationau capitalsociald'une equityownership
societ6
participationaux b6nefices profit sharing
participationaux charges burdensharing
participationaux frais cost sharing
participationdes salaries workers' participation
participationdu concessionnaire working interest;net profitsinterest
participationmajoritaire controllinginterest
participationmajoritairedans l'actif proprietaryinterest
participationproportionnelle funding pro rata
partie party
partiedecaiss6edu portefeuille disbursedportfolio
partiellementdemont6 partlyknockeddown
pas-de-porte cash bonus
passagea gu6 betonne submergedbridge
passagea l'conomie mon6taire monetization
passagea la phasedescendante downturn(economic)
passationde marchespar ententedirecte direct contracting
passationde pouvoirs(d'une societea divestiture
une autre)
passationdes marches(publics), procurement(procedures)
(proceduresde)
passationdes march6snon conformeaux misprocurement
Directives
passationpar pertes et profits write off
 - 372 -

passesous le contr6lede takenover by

passerdu statut"IDA"au statut "Banque" graduate
passerle creux de la vague bottom out (of a recession)
passerpar pertes et profits write off
passespar perteset profits lossesand write-offs
passiblede droits dutiable
passif liabilities
passifA court terme current liabilities
passifi long terme long-termliabilities
passifconditionnel contingentliability
passiftransitoire,temporaire temporaryliabilities
pasteur pastoralist
patrimoine stock; tangibleassets,property; equity
patrimoinede logements housingstock
patrimoinenational capial stock
patrimoinenet net worth
patrimoinezootechnique stock
paturagetournant rotationalgrazing
pavilionde complaisance flag of convenience;open registryflag
payableA vue payableon demand
pays A commerced'Etat state-tradingcountries
pays ACP (Afrique,Cara7bes,Pacifique) ACP countries
pays a excedentde capitaux capital-surpluscountry
pays A faible capacited'absorption low absorber
pays A faible revenu low incomecountry
pays A forte absorption,a haute highabsorber
capacited'absorption
paysA littoraletroit coastalstrip country
pays A moyennecapacited'absorption mediumabsorber
pays A planificationcentrale centrallyplannedeconomy
pays & revenuMMeve high incomecountries
pays A revenueleveexportateursde high incomeoil exporters
petrole
pays A revenuintermediaire middleincome country
pays A revenuintermediaireexportateurs middle incomeoil exporters
de petrole
pays A revenuinterm6diaireimportateurs middle incomeoil importers
de petrole
pays A revenuintermediaire, tranche lower middleincome country
inferieure
paysa revenuintermediaire,tranche upper middleincome country
superieure
pays A risque credit risk
paysbeneficiaire recipientcountry;client country
paysd'accueil host country
paysde la Deuxiemepartie Part 11countries
paysde la Premierepartie Part I countries
pays de niveauintermediaire secondtier country
paysde productionprimaire primary producingcountry; commodity
 - 373 -

producingcountries
paysdeclarant reportingcountry
paysdeficitaire deficitcountry
paysd'implantation host country
paysdonateur donor country
pays en developpement lessdevelopedcountry
pays en d6veloppementnon producteurde nonoildevelopingcountry
petrole
pays en developpementsanslittoral landlockeddevelopingcountry
paysenclav6 landlockedcountry
pays exc6dentaire surpluscountry
pays exportateurde produitsprimaires primaryexportingcountry
pays h6te host country
pays industrielA 6conomiede march6 industrialmarketeconomy
pays insulaireen d6veloppement developingIslandcountry; Island
developingcountry
pays les moinsavanc6s least developedcountries
pays les plus gravementtouches mostseriouslyaffectedcountries
pays moyennementindustrialis6 halfwaycountry
pays nouvellementindustrialise newlyindustrializedcountry
pays ouvert sur l'exterieur outward-looking,outward-orientedcountry
pays partenaires partnercountries
pays pouvantbeneficierd'un financement blendcountry
mixte,recevantdes prets de la BIRDet
des credits de l'IDA
pays qui ne peuventbeneficierque d'un pure IDA countries
financementde l'IDA
pays qui ont accesaux marchesfinanciers market-eligible
countries
pays recevantplus de prets (de la BIRD) hard-blendcountries
que de credits (de l'IDA)
pays represente(s)par un Administrateur constituencyof an ExecutiveDirector
pays sans littoral landlockedcountry
payssurendette debt distressedcountry
paystres endette heavilyIndebtedcountry;highly
Indebtedcountry
paysan farmer
paysannat settlement
pechea la ligne de fond bottom fishing
pecheen eau douce Inlandfisheries,fishing
peche hauturiere deep seafishing
pedagogieactive learningby discovery
pensionde retraite superannuation;retirementbenefits
pente gradient
penurie gap
penuriede dollars dollargap
penuriede liquidite liquidityshortage
perception tax office
perennite sustainability
per6quationinteme internalcross subsidy
 - 374 -

perfectionnement upgradingof skills

perfectionnement(du personnel) development
perfectionnement de la main-d'oeuvre manpowerdevelopment
perfectionnementdes cadres managementdevelopment
perfectionnementdu personnel staffdevelopment
performance(de l'bconomie) performance
performancede l'economie economicperformance
perimetre scheme
perimetreirrigue, irrigable commandarea
periodecomptable accountingperiod
pbriodede gestation gestationperiod
p6riodede gestationd'un projet lead time of a project
periodede maturation gestationperiod
periodede pointe bunching
periodede recuperation,de paybackperiod
recouvrement,d'amortissement,
de remboursement
perioded'installation gestationperiod
periodicite timing
permanence sustainability
permeabilitedes classes socialmobility
personnalitejuridique juridical personality;legal existence
personnea charge dependent
personnedont le nom figure sur la Liste Panelmember
(de conciliateursou d'arbitres)
personnemorale legal entity,person;corporatebody,
institution;body corporate
personnel staff
personnelcadre higher levelstaff
personnelde contrepartie counterpartstaff
personnelde direction management
personneld'encadrement supervisorystaff
personnelde soutien,d'appui,auxiliaire supportstaff
personneldetache secondmentstaff
personnelde terrain field staff
personneld'execution line staff
personnelengagepour une durbedeterminee fixed term staff
personnelexecutant lower echelonstaff
personneltemporaire,contractuel temporarystaff
perte (de change,p.ex.) loss
perteau change;pertede change exchangediscount
(perte)de poids mort deadweight(loss)
perteen capital capitalloss
pertepour l'6conomie deadweightloss
pertesde recettesfiscales tax expenditures
pertesd'exploitation operatinglosses
petit agriculteur smallholder
petitexploitant smallholder
petit materiel fixtures
 - 375-

petit mil millet;pearl millet;cattailmillet;

Indianmillet;Afrianmillet;Egyptian
millet;EastIndianmillet;rag millet;
Africancane; Egyptianwheat;bajra
petit personnel lower echelonstaff
petit planteur outgrower;smailholder
petiteentreprise small-scaleenterprise
petite hydraulique small-scaleIrrigation
petite Industrie small-scaleIndustry
petite proprlite, exploitation,plantation smailholding
petites et moyennesentreprises small and mediumenterprises;small- and
medium-scaleenterprises
petites et moyennesIndustries small and mediumIndustries;small-and
medium-scaleIndustries
petits p6rimetreslrrigu6s,Irrigables small-scaleIrrigationworks, structures
petits r6seaux,ouvragesd'lrrigation small-scaleIrrigationworks, structures
petroller tanker
peuplementdesterres land settlement
peuplementforestier stand
peuplementpur pure stand
peupler(des eaux) stock (to)
phaseascendante,d'expansion upswing
phasede demarrage,lancement developmentperiod (of a project,of a
company)
phasede transition phaseout period
phasedescendante,de repli, de downswing
contraction
phenomenede la doublejoumee,de la double-dayphenomenon
doubletache
phosphate(naturel);phosphorite phosphaterock; rock phosphate
physionomiedes echanges trade pattern
phytopathologie plantdiseases
PIBmarchand commercial,commercializedGDP
PIB monetaire monetizedGDP
piAcejustificative voucher
piecesdetachees,en completelyknockeddown
piecesdu marche contractdocuments
piecesjustificatives documentaryevidence;justification
pierrea lecher minerallick; salt lick
pile a combustible fuelcell
piqueter to peg out
piste earthroad
piste agricole,rurale feeder road
piste de debardage evacuationroad
piste de desserte serviceroad
piste de production,de collecte feederroad
placage veneer
placement marketing;Investment
placementde perede famille bluechip; blue chip security
 - 376-

placementimmobiller real estateinvestment

placementpublic public borrowing,offering
placer invest
plafondde chaquepr4t librementaccorde free limit of loan
plafondde cr6dlt lendinglimit; credit limit; credit ceiling
plafondde reescompte rediscountceiling
plafonddes prets librementaccordes free limit
plafonddestaux d'int6ret Interestratecap
plafonnement levelingoff
plageobligatoire core (working)hours
plained'inondatton floodplain
plan layout; design
planchenille,glissant,a horizonmobile rolling plan
plancomptable chart of accounts
Pland'action de Lagos(envue de la LagosPlanof Action (for the
miseen oeuvrede la Strat6giede Implementationof the MonroviaStrategy
Monroviapour le developpement for the EconomicDevelopmentof Africa)
6conomique de l'Afrique)
plan (d'action)de l'entreprise businessplan
Pland'action forestiertropical Tropical ForestryAction Plan
pland'architecture architecturalplan
plande circulation flow chart; process chart
plande financement financialpackage;financial,financing
plan
pland6finitif final design
plande masse(d'un projet) layout
pland'ensemble layout plan
plan d'entreprise businessplan
plande situation,d'implantation site plan
plande synthese sight leveldesign
plande travail indicatHf indicativestatement
plande tr6sorerie cashforecast
pland'6tudes curriculum
pland'exploitation businessplan
pland'ing6nierie engineeringdesign
plandirecteur masterplan
pland'occupationdes sols land use plan
pland'option sur titres stock option plan
planfinancieret commercial businessplan
planage land grading
planificateurdu d6veloppement developmentplanner
planKicationautortaire mandatoryplanning
planHfication de la famille familyplanning
planificationde la main-d'oeuvre manpowerplanning
planificationdemographique populationplanning
planificationdes ressourceshumaines manpowerplanning
planificationd6taillee blueprintplanning
planHfication du d6veloppement developmentplanning
planificationdu personnel manpowerplanning
 - 377-

planificationglobale comprehensiveplanning;aggregative
planning
planificationimperative mandatoryplanning
planiflcationindicative guidanceplanning;indicativeplanning
planiflcationregionale regionalplanning
planningfamilial famly planning
plantationartisanale,villageoise, outgrower
satellite
plantationen bandes strip planting
plantationindustrielle,mbre nucleusestate
plantealimentaire food plant
plantede semence seedplant
plantetextile fiber crop
plantesde couverture nursecrop; covercrop
planteur farmer
plantule seedling
plasmegerminatif germplasm
plate-formede forage petrolier oil (drilling)rig, platform
plein droit, de ex-officio
plus-value profit; appreciation(in value);capital
gain
plus-valuede change exchangepremium
plus-valuelatentenette net unrealizedgain
plus-valuesur cessionsd'investissements profit on salesof investments
plus-valueslatentes,potentielles unrealizedgains
poids roulant live load
point A temps spot improvement,patching;patching
point d'eau wateringplace
point de base basispoint
point de debarquement landing
point de pourcentage percentagepoint
point d'bquilibre break-evenpoint
point median(d'unefourchette) central,midpointestimate
point mort, par le point mort, analysede break-evenanalysis
pointeconjoncturelle upswing
pointe,de stateof the art
pointede charge peakload
pointesaisonniere seasonalpeak
pois cajan pigeonpea
policeglobale wrap-upinsurancepolicy
politiquebudg6taire fiscal policy
politiqueconjoncturelle businesscycle policy
politiqued'accompagnement accommodatingpolicy
politiqued'action sur l'offre supplyside politics
politiqued'austerite contractionarypolicy
politiqued'austbritb,de rigueur restraintpolicy
politiquede change exchangerate policy
politiquede correctionde la conjoncture stop-go,stop and go policy
politiquede coups d'accordbon stop-go,stop and go policy
 - 378-

poiltiquede coups de frein et stop-go,stop and go policy

d'acceierateur
poiitiqued'egolsmesacre beggar-my-neighbor policy
(poiitiquede) I'argentA bon marche easy money
politiquede r6amorgage pump primingpolicy
politiquede resserrementdu cridit tight credit policy
poiitiquedes prix pricing policy
poiltiqued'expansion expansionarypolicy
poiitiqued'ouverture outward-lookingpolicy
politique6conomiqueaxeesur l'offre supplyside economics
politiquefinanciere;poitique fiscale fiscal policy
politiquefonciere land poiicy
poiltiquetarifaire pricing policy
polyculture mixed cropping
pompe A main,A motricite humaine, hand pump
manuelle
pompe relais boosterpump
ponceau culvert
ponctionsur les ressources claim (on resources)
ponctuel ad hoc; short-term;targeted;localized;
specific;spotty; on the spot
pond6rationdistributive distribution(al)weight
pondereux heavycommodities
pont-bascule weighbridge
pool de monnales currencypool
pool d'emprunts borrowingpooi
pool provisoired'emprunts proxy
population stock
populationactive workingpopulation;labor force
populationen Age de travailler workingage population
populationvbgbtale plant population
portance traffic bearingcapacity;load bearing
capacity
port autonome(de) port authority
port en eau profonde deep water port
port en lourd deadweightcapacity
port franc free port
portee coverage
portefeuille(de la SFI) held portfolio
portefeuillede liquiditbs liquid assetsportfolio;liquidity
portfolio
portefeuillede prets loan portfolio
porterA to record
porteur holder
porteurde titres,d'obligations bondholder
positionde change foreign exchangeposition
positionde la balancedes palements balanceof paymentsposition
positionde liquldit6 liquidityposition
positiondes palementsexterieurs external(payment)position
 - 379-

positiondes palementsinternationaux internationalpaymentsposition

positiondes reserves reserveposition
positionde tresorerie cash position
positiondominante controllingInterest
positon sociale status
positiontarHfaire tariff item
possibilitede g6n6raiiser,repeter, replicability
reproduire,transposer(p.ex. un projet)
possibilitede vente,d'6coulement marketability
poste line item; substation
poste (de d6penses) item
poste (de travail) shift
posteabaisseur step-downpowerstation
posteA qual berth
posteA qual polyvalent multipurposeberth
posted'accostage berth
posted'ajustement reconciliationitem
posted'amarrage berth
postede mouilliage anchor station;anchoragepoint; anchorage
berth;anchorage
posted'encadrement,de responsabilit6 line managementpositon
postede sante healthpost
poste6l6vateur step-uppower station
poste hors bilan off-balance-sheet item
poste hors-caisse noncashitem
posteoperationnel line position
(poste)pour memoire memorandumentry, item; memo item
postesdiversde I'actif sundryassets
postesdiversdu passif sundryliabilities
postesen surnombre redundancy
pot-de-vin payoff
potentielde production productivecapacity
pourcentagede fondsinutilises cost underrun
pourcentagede voix voting power
pour memoire,(poste) memorandumentry, Item;memo item
poursuites proceedings
pourvoiren personnel staff
pouvoircalorifique heatvalue
pouvoirde d6cision decision-makingpower
pouvoirde garantle guaranteeauthority
pouvoird'engagement(des ressources) commitmentauthority;authority
pouvoirde pret lendingauthority
pouvoirglobal de cap GlobalCap Authority
pouvoirglobal de swap GlobalSwapAuthority
pouvoirs credentials
pouvoirspublics government
prairie grassland
praticable serviceable
pratiquecomptable accountingpractices
 -380 -

pratiquesculturales farmingtechniques
preambuled'un accord preambleto an agreement;recital of an
agreement
pr6coce early(maturing)
pre d'embouche feedlot
pr6f6renceaccordeeaux entreprises domesticpreference;preference,
nationales preferentialmargin;marginof
preference
pr6f6rentiel concessional;concessionary
pr6financement prefinancing
pr6investissement seedcapital,money
prelevement levy; drawdown
pr6levementa l'importation import levy
pr6levementde I'Etatsur les ressources financialclaimsof government
prelevementsur la plus-valuefonciere land bettermenttax
prelevementsur les ressources claim (on resources)
premiercycle de l'enseignementsecondaire lower secondaryeducation
premierentr6, premiersorti first in, first out
premieresactivites(d'un projet) initialoperation
prendreacte to record
prendreen charge to take over
prendrefin terminate
prendrele contr6le(de) to take over
prendreune participationau capital to supplyshare capital
preneurde prix price taker
preparationdu projet project preparation
prequalificationdes soumissionnaires prequalificationof bidders
prescriptionstechniques specifications
presentation format
presentationde candidature nomination
presidenten exercice servingchairman
pressionfiscale tax/GDP ratio; tax ratio
pressionsconcurrentes(exerceessur des competingclaims(on resources)
ressources)
pressionsinflationnistes inflationarypressures
prestationde soins,systemede healthdeliverysystem
prestations performance;benefits
prestationscong6dans les foyers home leavebenefits
prestationsde retraite retirementbenefits
prestationsde securitesociale social securitybenefits
prestationsd'expatriation expatriatebenefits
prestations6ducation educationbenefits
prestationssociales welfare;welfarepayments;social benefits
prestationssociales,compl6mentaires fringe benefits
prestations,systemede deliverysystem;supplysystem
prestige status
pret "A' 'A" loan
pret a affectationnon determin6e nonpurposeloan
(pret a) decaissementrapide quickdisbursing(loan)
 -381-

pret a l'ajustementde la politique industril and trade policy adjustmentloan

industrielleet commerciale
pret a l'ajustementdes exportations export adjustmentloan
pret a l'ajustementdu secteuragricole agriculturalsectoradjustmentloan
pret a l'ajustementsectoriel sectoradjustmentloan
pret a la reconstruction emergencyreconstructionloan
pret-a-monter kit
pret assortide conditionsliberales soft loan
pret au jour le jour call loan
pret a un intermediairefinancier financialintermediaryloan
pret au redressementeconomique economicrecoveryloan
pret aux conditionscommerciales,du hard loan
marche
pret "B" "B" loan
pret ballon balloonloan
pret bancairede premierordre top-ratedbankloan
pret cofinance coloan
pret comportantun risquesouverain sovereignrisk loan
pret conditionnel standbyloan
pret consortial syndicatedloan
pret de qualite qualityloan
pret destinea couvrir un eventuel overageloan
depassementdes coOts
pret dont on exige le remboursement prematuredloan
anticipe
pret du pool pooled loan
pret en cascade apex loan
pret en danger jeopardyloan
pret en difficulte distressedloan
pret en nature commodityloan
pret en reserve,sous dossier pipelineloan, credit
pret garanti securedloan
pret global packageloan
pret index6 indexed,index-linked,index-tiedloan
pret liberal,a taux reduit,a taux soft loan
bonHif
pret librementaccorde free-limitloan
pret menace jeopardyloan
pret non privilegi6 subordinatedloan
pret non productif nonperformingloan; nonaccruingloan
pret par 6tapes time-sliceloan
pret participatif equity-typeloan
pret-pays country loan
pret privilegie guaranteedloan
pret-programme programloan, lending
pret-projet projectloan, lending
pret pyramidal apex loan
pret secondaire subloan
pret secondairelibrementaccorde free-limitsubloan
 382 -

pret sectoriel sector loan

pret sousforme de prisede participation equity loan
pr6t subordonne subordinatedloan
pret subsidlaire subsidiaryloan
prOtsyndiqu6 syndicatedloan
pret syndTqueen circuit ferme club loan
pr6tention claim
prOteurde dernier recours lenderof last resort
preteuren dernier ressort lender of last resort
preteurd'orTgine primary lender
preteurnon privil6gTe subordinatelender
prOteuroffTcIel lender of record
pr&tsa des conditionscommerciales commerciallending
prOtsa l'aJustementstructurel structuraladjustmentlending
pr6ts A l'appul de reformessectorielles policy-orientedsectorlending
prOtsa l'appul, en favourde reformes policy-basedlending;policy loans
prets A I'nergie energylending
prets a moyenet A long terme term loans
prets aux conditionsdu marche market-relatedlending
pretsde tTtres securitylending
prets exterieursde sourcecommerciale commerciallending
prtsforces involuntaryledning
prets hypothecaires mortgagefinancing
prets /nvolontaires involuntarylending
prets non amortis outstandingloans
prets spontan6s,volontaires spontaneous,voluntarylending
preuve evidence
prevalence(d'unemaladie) prevalence
pr6visionsbudgetaires budget estimates
previsionsde tr6sorerie cash budget
pr6voyancesociale social welfare
prime premium;cash bonus; incentivepayment
prime A la qualit6 qualitypremium
prime A lexportation export subsidy
primea l'importation Importsubsidy
primede d6part terminationgrant
prime d'6mission premium;discount
prime de qualite qualitypremium
prime de r6installation relocationgrant
prime de remboursementanticipb premiumon prepayment
prime de risque-inflation inflationpremium
prime d'expatriation overseasallowance
prime d'installation settling-ingrant
primeur early (maturing)
principal principal
principauxproduitsde base core commodities
principede la proportionnalitb pro ratarules
principede l'entrepriseindependante arm's length principle
 - 383-

principedu dernier recours(ressources "Banklast" principle

de la Banqueutiliseesen dernier)
principeselon lequelles ressourcesde "Banklast" principle
la Banquesont utiliseesen dernier
principeselonlequel les ressourcesde "Bankfirst" principle
la Banquesont utilisbesen premier
principesdirecteurs guidelines
Principesregissantles conditions Principlesof Staff Employment
d'emploidu personnel
prise catch
priseau fil de l'eau run-of-riverofftake
prisede contr6lepar recoursa l'emprunt leveragedbuyout
prisede deision decision-makingprocess
prisede force powertakeoff;takeoff
prisede participation portfolioinvestment;equity
prisede participationau capitalsocial equityfinancing,investment
prisede position positionpaper
priseen charge intake
prisesde participation equity interests
privilge lien
prix quotations
prix a la consommation consumerprice
prix a la production producerprice
prix a la production,au producteur farm gate price
prix lla tete de puits wellheadprice
prix a payer user charges,fees
prix administrb administeredprice
prix affiche posted price
prix au comptant;prix au jour le jour spot price
prix au producteur producerprice
prix butoir bufferprice
prix comptable shadowprice; accountingprice
prix courant list price;going price
prix cout assurancefret port d'entree/ cost, insuranceand freight (ci) port of
frontibre entry/borderpoint price
prix coOtant cost price
prix dans le commerce off-the-shelfprice
prix de bataille;prix de bradage predatoryprice
prix de cessioninterne transferprice
prix d'ecluse sluice,sluicegate price;lock gate price
prix de declenchement trigger price
prix de dumping predatoryprice
prix de l'offre bid price
prix de parite parityprice
prix de paritedes importations import party price
prix de pleineconcurrence arm's length price
prix d'equilibre(du marche) market-clearingprice
prix d'equivalence parity price
prix de rbfbrence shadowprice; marker,benchmarkprice
 - 384 -

prix de refbrencefiscal tax referenceprice

prix de revient cost; cost price
prix de revientA I'unitW unit cost
prix de revientcomplet, mbthodedu full cost accounting;absorptionaccounting
prix de revientimp6ts compris tax-paidcost
prix de revientmajorb,systemedu cost-pluspricing system
prix de revientpar commande,m6thodedu job orderaccounting
prix de soutien supportprice
prix de transfert transferprice
prix de transfert(entreentreprises) intercompanypricing
prix debarqub,au dbbarquement landedprice
prix d6part usine producerprice; ex factory price;price ex
factory; factory gate price
prix des facteurs factor price
prix d'integration reservationprice (of labor)
prix d'intervention interventionprice; trigger price
prix donnespar le(s) fournisseur(s) price quotations
prix du disponible spot price
prix du marchb marketprice; spot price
prix du spot spot price
prix economique economicprice; efficiencyprice
prix en vigueur going price
prix forfaitaire contractprice; lump sum price
prix franco a bord port d'embarquement free on board (fob) port of shipmentprice
prix franco frontiere;prixfrontiere borderprice
prix global lump sum price
prix impose par le vendeur administeredprice
prix imposes resaleprice maintenance
prix indicatif target price; marker,benchmarkprice;
guiding price
prix interne transferprice
prix minimum floor price
prix (normal)du march6 arm's lengthprice
prix-objectif target price
prix paritaireAl'exportation export parity price
prix paritaireA l'importation import parity price
prix plafond ceilingprice
prix plancher floor price
prix r6alisb realizedprice
prix-seuil thresholdprice
prix social socialprice
prix sortie usine ex factory price; price ex factory;
factory gate price
prix sur coupe; prix du bois sur pied stumpageprice
prix virtuel shadowprice
problemedes files d'attente queueingproblem
problemesde rodage teethingproblems
(proc6dureA) approbationtacite "no objection"(procedure)
 - 385 -

proc6dure abreg6ed'evaluation pass-through

audit
retrospectivedesprojets
procedure orale oralprocedure
(procedures de) passationdes march6s procurement
(procedures)
(publics)
proces proceedings
proces-verbal (dela Commission) report(ofCommission)
procurer,se to raise(funds,etc.)
producteur agricole farmer
production output
production alimentaire foodproduction
productionen (grande)serie massproduction
productionexc6dentaire oversupply
productionindustrielle factoryfarming
productioninterieure brute GDPlesshousehold andGovernment
salaries
productionmarchande, a grandeechelle, commercial production
a echellecommerciale
productionnonrentable,noneconomique uneconomic production
production sacrifiee forgoneoutput
production vegetale crop production
production vivribre foodproduction
productivitefinancibre(d'actifs earningpower
materiels,
d'actifsfinanciers)
productivitevivribre food cropyield
produit returns;revenues;
commodity
produit(d'unemprunt) proceeds
produitconstat6d'avance deferredincome
produitd'appel lossleader
produitde base commodity
produitde l'imp6t taxyield
produitde marque brandnameproduct
produitde premibrenecessite staple(good)
produitdesexportations exportearnings,proceeds
produitdestin6&la pr6paration de beverage crop
boissons(p.ex.the,cafe,cacao)
produitfinal output
produitint6rieurbrut grossdomesticproduct
produitint6rieurbrutau coOtdes grossdomesticproductat factorcost
facteurs
produitinterieurbrutauxprixdu march6 grossdomesticproductat marketprices
produitmat6rielbrut grossmaterialproduct
produitmaterielnet netmaterialproduct
produitnationalbrut grossnationalproduct
produitparunitede depense proceedsper unitof outlay
produitpharmaceutique gen6rique genericdrug
produitprimaire primarycommodity,product
produit(s) income
(produit)destin6a un groupeparticulier self-targeting
(commodity)
de consommateurs
 -386 -

produitsa basede poisson,derivesdu fish products

poisson
produitsblancs white goods; big ticket items
produitsbruns brown goods
produitsde croisement crossbredprogeny
produitsd'incitation incentivegoods
produitsindustriels industrialgoods
produitspetroliersen vrac bulk oil products
profil de croissance growth pattern
profil des echanges trade pattern
profilometremultiroues bump integrator
profit profit
profit d'aubaine,inattendu, windfallprofit
de conjoncture
profiteur free rider
profits returns;revenues;earnings
progiciel softwarepackage
programmationlineaire linearprogramming
programme package;scheme
programme(scolaire) syllabus
programmea grand rayon d'action outreachprogram
Programmeconjoint PNUD/Banquemondiale EnergySector ManagementAssistance
d'assistancea la gestiondu secteur Programme
energ6tique
programmed'action policy package
Programmed'action concerteepour Joint Programof Action for Sub-Saharan
l'Afriqueau sud du Sahara Africa
Programmedes NationsUniespour le UnitedNationsProgrammeof Action
developpementredressementeconomique for AfricanEconomicRecoveryand
et le de l'Afrique,1986-1990 Development,1986-1990
programmed'action (de la Banque)(pour countryprogrampaper
un pays donne)
programmed'aide alimentaire food demandprogram
programmed'application application;applicationsprogram
Programmed'assistancespeciale(de la (WorldBank)Programof Special
Banquemondialeaux pays membres) Assistance(to MemberCountries)
programmed'autoconstruction(de self-helphousingscheme
logements)
programmedecentralis6 outreachprogram
programmede coop6ration cooperativeprogram
programmede cooperationFAO/BIRD FAO/IBRDCooperativeProgram
programmede d6veloppementdes capacites EvaluationCapabilityDevelopment
d'evaluationretrospective Program
programmede traitementde la dette debt work-out program
programmede restructurationde la dette debt work-out program
programmemixtede cooperation Joint IBRD/UNIDOCooperativeProgram
BIRD/ONUDI
programmed'enseignement curriculum
programmede pret lending program
 - 387 -

programmede rationsalimentaires food ration program

programmede sauvetage,renflouement, rescuepackage
programmede techniquesagricoles package
programmede transition phaseout program
programme(d'etudes) terms of reference
Programmed'evaluationdu secteur EnergySectorAssessmentProgramme
energetique
Programmed'6valuationdu secteur UNDP/WorldBank EnergyAssessment
6nerg6tiquePNUD/Banquemondiale Program
programmede ventessubventionnees social marketingprogram
programmede vulgarisation outreachprogram
programmedont l'ampleurestfonction du volumedrivenprogram
volumedes activitesessentielles
programmed'operations operatingprogram
ProgrammePNUD/Banquemondialepour UNDP-WorldBankWater DecadeProgram
la decenniede l'eau potable
programmeprioritaire core program
programmeprioritairede redressement Africa'sPriority Programmefor
6conomiquede I'Afrique,1986-1990 EconomicRecovery,1986-1990
programmerelais rolloverproject,program
programmescolaire curriculum
Programmespecialde rechercheet de SpecialProgrammefor Researchand
formationconcernantles maladies Trainingin TropicalDiseases
tropicales
Programmespecialpour la recherche SpecialProgramfor AfricanAgricultural
agricoleen Afrique Research
programmespeciald'assistancede la (WorldBank)SpecialProgramof Assistance
Banquemondiale(en faveurdes pays (for the Low-IncomeDebt-Distressed
Afaible revenusurendettesd'Afrique Countriesin Sub-SaharanAfrica)
subsaharienne)
programme-test shadowprogram
programmeutilisateur application;applicationsprogram
programme'vivrescontre travail" food-for-workprogramme
programmesde renforcementinstitutionnel institutionalprograms
programmeset methodes software
progression(du desert) encroachment
progressionpar tranches bracketcreep,progression
progressivitedes droits tariff escalation
projectionsde tr6sorerie cash projections
projet venture;design
projet a caractbresocial soft project
projet agropastoral mixedfarmingproject
projet a probIbmes problemproject
projet a rendementrapide quickyieldingproject
projet cles en main turnkeyproject
projet d'assainissement sewerageproject
Projetde comparaisoninternational InternationalComparisonProject
projet de d6monstration,de prestige showcaseproject
projet de d6veloppementrural integre integratedrural developmentproject
 - 388 -

projet d'effort maximum "besteffort' project

projet de relancedes exportations export rehabilitationproject
projet d'etat financier worksheet
projet d'ex6cution detaileddesign,engineering;final design
projet d'ingenierie engineeringdesign
projet d'interventionminimum minimumpackageproject
projet d'investissement investmentproject
projet en regimede croisiere matureproject
projet en reserve,sous dossieractif, pipelineproject
potentiel
projet enclave enclaveproject
projet entibrementnouveau greenfieldproject
projet financierementautonome self-liquidatingproject
projet gigogne piggybackproject
projet hors normes behestproject
projet mondial global project
projet non essentiel noncoreproject
projet "nouveaustyle" "newstyle"project
projet 'parapluie' umbrellaproject
projet polyvalent,integre multipurposeproject
projet pouvantetre financepar la Banque bankableproject
projet relais rolloverproject, program;
follow-upproject
projet replique repeaterproject
projet strat6gique core project
projet susceptiblede b6n6ficierd'un bankableproject
concoursfinancier
projetss'excluantmutuellement mutuallyexclusiveprojects
prolongation extension
promoteur real estatedeveloper;sponsor;developer
promotion output; marketing
promotiondes echanges,commerciale trade promotion
promotionsociale welfare;socialdevelopment
propensionmarginale marginalpropensity
proportionnalite,principede la pro rata rules
prospectif forward-looking
prospection survey;exploration
prospectionde talents head hunting
prospectus prospectus
prospectusde promotion package
protectionde la santede la mereet de maternaland child health;motherand
l'enfant child health
protectioneffective effectiveprotection
protectionmatemelleet infantile maternaland child health;motherand
child health
protectionnominale nominalprotection
protectionphytosanitaire pestand diseasecontrol
protectionsociale socialwelfare
 - 389 -

protocoled'accord letter of understanding;memorandumof

understanding
protocoled'actionnaires joint ventureagreement
provision retainer
provisionpour aleasd'execution physicalcontingencies
provisionpour al6asfinanciers price contingencies
provisionpour aleastechniques physicalcontingencies
provisionpour amortissement allowancefor depreciation;reservefor
depreciation
provisionpour consommationdu capital capitalconsumptionallowance
provisionpour 6puisement(d'un gisement) depletionallowance,reserve
provisionpour haussedes prix price contingencies
provisionpour imprbvus reservefor contingencies;allowancefor
contingencies;contingencyallowance;
contingentreserve
provisionpour imprbvusfinanciers price contingencies
provisionpour pertes reservefor losses;provisionfor losses;
loss provision
provisionpour risques risk allowance
provision(s)pour amortissement depreciationallowance
provisionner earmark(funds)
provisions provisions
publicationassistbepar ordinateur desktop publishing
publicationsprofessionnelles trade publications
publi6 sous la directionde editedby
puissanceinstallee installedcapacity
puissancenominale rated capacity
puits creus6 dug well
puits fonc6 drivenwell
puits non tubb uncasedwell
puits tubW casedwell
puits tubulaire tubewell
pulverisationa dos knapsackspraying
pulv6risationULV,a volumetres rbduit ultra low volume spraying
purge (d'une hypotheque) redemption
 - 390-

quadrillage grid
qualHfications qualifications;background
de base
qualKfications basic skills
quantitedebarqu6e landings
quantitepech6e catch
quartier area
quartiernouveau development
quartierspontane,non loti squatterarea,settlement
quasi-capital;quasi-fondspropres quasi-equity
quasi-monnaie quasi-money
questionpr6alable preliminaryquestion
questionsa choix multiples multiplechoice questions
quitusfiscal tax clearance
quota; quote-part quota
 - 391-

rabals price discount;discount

rabalsde qualite quaiftydiscount
rabattement drawdown
raccord finishing
raccordement connection;wiring
rachat redemption
rachetable redeemable
racheter to take over
racineamylacee starchyroot crop
racines root crops
radiot6i6phonecellulaire cellularphone
ralsonsociale trade narne
ramasser coliect
rang de nalssance birth order
rapatriementde salalres workers' remittance
rappelaccelere acceleratedrecall
rapport'age-personnes a charge" dependencyratio
rapportcours-b6n6fices price-earningratio; P/E ratio
rapportd'achevementdu projet projectcompletionreport
rapportd'activit6 progressreport; statusreport
rapportde d6couverture stripping ratio
rapportde dependanceen fonctionde i'age dependencyratio
rapportde liquidit6 reserveratio
rapportde masculinite sex ratio
Rapportde preparation PreparationReport
rapportde supervision SupervisionReport
rapportd'evaluation(d'un projet) staffappraisalreport
rapportd'evaluationr6trospectivedu projectperformanceaudit report
projet
rapportd'lmpact Impact(evaluation)report
rapportd'orientatlon backgroundpaper
Rapportdu Pr6sident President'sReport
rapport6conomique WorldBankCountryStudy
rapporteleves/enselgnant pupil-teacherratio; teacher-pupilratio
rapportencoursdes prets/fonds propres gearingratio
rapportentr6es-sorties Input-outputratio
rapportinitial inceptionreport
rapportpersonnel(p.ex. staffingratio
m6dical)/population
rapportsectorel, rapport sur le SectorReport
secteurde...
Rapportsur le developpementdansle monde WorldDevelopmentReport
rapportsur les resultatsdu projet project performancereport
rapportsur l'etat d'avancement(d'un progressreport;statusreport
projet)
rapporttechniquede la Banquemondiale World BankTechnicalPaper
 - 392 -

rapportsAfoumir reportingrequirement(s)
rapportsperiodiques perfom eance evaluation
rassemblement de donnees datacollection
rassembler collect
rassembler des preuves to marshalevidence
ratiocapital/service capital-service ratio
ratiocapitauxpropres/actifs equityratio
ratiocoOts-avantages cost-benefit ratio
ratiode couverture de 'int6ret interestcoverageratio
ratiode levier leverage(ratio);gearing(ratio)
ratiode liqulditA liquidityratio
ratiode liqulditegenerale currentratio;workingcapitalratio
ratiod'endettement debt-equity ratio;debt-to-equityratio;
debt-to-capitalratio
ratiod'endettement Alongterme long-termdebt ratio
ratiode solvabilite debt ratio
ratiode solvabilit4-endettement leverage(ratio);gearing(ratio)
ratiode structuredu passif leverage(ratio);gearing(ratio)
ratiode tresoreriereduite acid-testratio;liquidratio;quickratio
ratiodu servicede la dette debt-service ratio
ratiodu servicedesInterets interestserviceratio
ratiofinancier financialratio
ratioprix comptable-prixdu marche accountingratio
rationalimentaire food intake
rationcalorique calorieintake
rationalisation streamlining
rationalisatbon
des chokxbudg6taires planning,programming, budgetingsystem
ratiosde fondspropres capitalratios
rattachersur to peg(prices,interestrates)
rattrapage retrofitting
rayonde recrutement (d'uneecole) range
readaptation professionnelle rehabilitation
r6alisation liquidation;development
realisatlondes bons encashment
realisations output;performance; actual(s)
realis6 lockedin
ream6nagement rehabilitation
r6approvisbonner replenish (anaccount)
rebolsement reafforestation;reforestation
recalcul(p.ex.d'un pret) recasting(e.g.a loan)
recense registered(e.g.tradesmen)
recensement survey
receptionner to handle
recession recession
r6cessbon avecinflation slumpflation
recette(descontributions) tax office
recettes returns;revenues; earnings;income
recettescourantes, ordinaires,
auxprix currentrevenues
courants
 - 393-

recettesd'exploitation fundsfrom operations

recettesd'exportation export eamings,proceeds
recettesdomaniales propertyIncome
recettes6chues accruedIncome
recettesfinancieres,budgetaires, fiscal revenue
fiscales
recettesoccasionnelles occasionaleamrings
recettespubliques govemmentreceipts,revenues
recevabilite eligibility;eligibilityconditions
recevoir to handle
rechargement resurfacing;graveling;regraveling
r6chaud stove
recherche retrieval
rechercheadaptative adaptiveresearch
rechercheappliqu6e appliedresearch
recherchecooperative,en commun, cooperativeresearch
concertne
recherched'adaptation adaptiveresearch
recherchede pointe pioneeringresearch
recherche-d6veloppement researchand development
rechercheexploratoire exploratoryresearch
recherchefondamentale basicresearch;academicresearch
rechercheoperationnelle operational,operationsresearch
rechercheoperationnellesur les healthservicesmonitoring
servicesde sante
recherchesur les systemesagraires farmingsystemsresearch
reclamation claim
reclassement maturation(of borrowersfrom IDAto IBRD);
graduation
reclassement(des postes) regrading
recolte catch
reconduction rollover;extension
reconductionde credits carryovers
reconnaissance survey
reconnaissanceet execution(de la recognitionand enforcement(of award)
sentencearbitrale)
reconstitutiondes ressources replenishmentof resources
reconstitutiondes stocks restocking
reconstitutiondu troupeau,du cheptel restocking
recouvrement(des couts) recovery
recouvrementde l'investissement returnof capital
recouvrementdes coOts cost recovery
recouvrementdu pret loanrecovery
recouvrer recoup;collect
recrue regrowth
rectificationdu trace realignment
recu voucher;certificateof payment
recueillir collect
r6cup6ration recovery
 - 394-

recuperationassistee,am6lioree enhancedrecovery
recuperationdes terres land reclamation
r6cuperationsecondaire secondaryrecovery
recup6rationtertiaire tertiary (oil) recovery
recuperer reclaim;recoup
recusation disqualification
recyclage retraining
recyclage(des capitaux) recycling(of capital)
r6dacteur editor
red6plolementde l'industrie Industrialtransformation
redevance royalty;fee(s)
redevanced'exploitation stumpagefee
redevancede comptage meter rent
redevances charges
redevancesd'eau watercharges
redevancesdes usagers user charges,fees
redistribution shift
redressement recovery;rehabilitation;upswing
redressementfinancier financialadjustment
reduction roiling back
r6ductiondu capital capitalImpairrnent
reductiontarHfaire tariff cuts
r-echelonnementde la dette reschedulingof a debt; rephasingof a debt
r6emploides ressourcesdu Fonds Trust Fund reflows
fiduclaire
re6quipement rehabilitation
resquipementIndustriel retrofitting
r66quipementIndustriela la demande customretrofitting
reescompte rediscount
reescompter rediscount;discount
r66valuation revaluation
r6fectlon rehabilitation
ref6rence,de standard
r6f6rences credentials
refinancement refunding;rollover
refinancement(d'un prdt) refinancing
reflAchage patching;spot patching,improvement
reflation reflation
r6formeagraire;reformefonciere land reform
reformerdu materiel write off
refugefiscal tax shelter
r6g6n6ration rehabilitation
regie (p.ex.des eaux) authority
regie,en by/on force account
r6gie portuaire port authority
regime scheme
r6gimede croisiere self-sustainingstate;sustainability
regimede croisiere,en at full development
r6gimede fruits frais freshfruit bunch
 - 395 -

regimede retraiteanticip6e early retirementscheme

Regimede retraltedu personnel Staff RetirementPlan
rbgimede sbcurit6sociale social securityscheme
regimedes changes exchangesystem
r6gimedes licencesd'importation Import licensing
regimefiscal tax system
r6gimefoncier land tenuresystem
regimefonde sur la capitalisation fully fundedsystem
reglmefonde sur la r6partition pay-as-you-gosystem;unfundedsystem
r6gion area
reglage management
reglagede pr6cision,conJoncturel fine tuning (of the economy)
rbgiement liquidation;settlement;standing
instructions,orders
Reglement Bylaws
rbglement(d'undiff6rend) settlement(of a dispute)
Reglementd'arbitrage ArbitrationRules
Rbglementde conciliation ConciliationRules
Reglementde proc6durerelatifaux Rulesof Procedurefor Conciliationand
instancesde conciliationet d'arbitrage ArbitrationProceedings
Reglementdu personnel Staff Rules
reglementation standard
roglementationdes changes exchangecontrol regulations
reglementation des salaires wage control
Rbglements(du Centre) Regulationsand Rules(of the Centre)
roglescomptables accountingprocedure
roles de fond substantivelaw
r,gles de proc6dure procedurallaw; adjectivelaw
rbglesde prudence prudentman rule
ReglesrelativesA la conduitedes Rulesof Procedurefor Meetingsof the
reunionsdes Administrateurs ExecutiveDirectors
r6gulation management;control
regulationde la demande demandmanagement
regulationde l'offre supply management
regulationdes naissances birth control
rehabilitation rehabilitation
rehabiliter(un quartier) upgrade
reinsertion rehabilitation
reinstallation relocation
rejets waste;wastage;discharge;drop out
relance recovery;reflation;rehabilitation
relationinverse trade-off
relations(interindustrielles) linkages
relationsinterindustriellesverticales backward-forwardintegration,linkage
relationsprofessionnelles, du travail labor-management relations;labor
relations;industrialrelations
releve statement;survey;certificateof payment
relevede compte statementof account
relev6des depenses statementof expenditure
 - 396 -

relevement recovery;rehablitation
relever to record
reliquat overhang
reliquatdu credit unspentcredit balance
relocaiisation relocation
r6manent residual(e.g.effect)
remboursable redeernable
remboursement payoff;refunding;tax rebate;
amortization(of loan)
remboursementanticipe prepaymnent; advancerepayment
remboursement(anticipe)de la dette retirementof outstandingdebt
remboursement(des droits de douane) drawback
remboursement(dutrop percu) tax refund
remboursementen tranches6gales level repayment
remboursementforfaitaire tax rebate
remembrement des terres land consolidation
remettreen culture reclaim
remise remission;forgiveness(of a debt)
remise(de dette) cancellation(of a debt)
remisede la dette debt cancellation
remised'imp6t forgiventax
remise(d'un contrat) delivery(of a contract)
remiseen 6tat; remiseen exploitation rehabilitation
remissionfiscale tax hdiday
remonteeen dentsde scie ratchetingup
remplacement proxy
remplacementdes importations import substitution
remploldes plus-values rolloverof gains
r6mun6rateur profitable
r6mun6ration retums;revenues;compensation;
consideration; fee(s)
r6mun6rationdes facteurs factor income
r6mun6rationforfaitairepar personne capitation[healthfinancing]
r6mun6rationglobale earnings
rendement output;throughputs
rendement(p.ex.6levage) performance
rendementa l'6ch6ance yield to maturity
rendementa l'usinage millingyield
rendementconvertien taux d'interet couponequivalentyield
rendementcourant currentyield
rendementde l'actif returnon assets
rendementde l'imp6t tax yield
rendementde l'investissement investmentretum,yield; returnon
capital;returnon equity;returnon
investment;returnon capitalemployed
rendement
desactifsproductifs returnon eamingassets
rendement
6nergetique fuelefficiency
rendement
maximumsoutenable maximumsustainableyield
rendement
thermique heatrate
 - 397 -

rendementsd'echelle returnsto scale

rendementsdecroissants diminishingretums
rendementssociaux social retums
renflouer bail out
renforcement deepening
renforcementd'institutions institutionbuilding
renoncer to waive
renonciation waiver;waiver(of a right); relinquishment
renonciationa des recettes forgonerevenues
renouvellement rollover;tumover
renouvellement de la couche de surface resurfacing
renovation rehabilitation
rentabilite cost-effectiveness; eamingpower
rentabilitede l'investissement investmentretum,yield; returnon
capital;returnon equity;returnon
investment;returnon capitalemployed
rentabilitedes capitaux capitalefficiency
rentable cost-effective;profitable
rente economicrent; excessprofit [sens economique]
rente(fonciere,p.ex.) rent
rentedu consommateur consumersurplus
rentr6es returns;revenues;cash inflows
renvoi referral
reorganisation rehabilitation
reorientation shift
repartition breakdown
repartitiondans le temps timing
repartitiondes charges burdensharing;cost sharing
repartitiondes cultures croppingpattern
r-partition des ressources allocationof resources
r6partitiondu capital ownership(of a corporation)
r6partition6quitable(des risques) equalization(of currencyfluctuation
risks)
repartitiongeographiquedes prets directionof lending
repercussionde l'imp6t shfftingof tax
repercussions spillover
reperer to peg out
repertoireinformatiquesur les Dataon ConsultingFirms
consultants
repli6sur soi-meme inward-looking
report premium
report a nouveau balancecarriedforward
reporta nouveaubeneficiaire accumulatedprofit
reportde credits carryovers
reportd'imp6t tax deferral
reportsA nouveau retainedeamings
representation coverage
r6pressionfinanciere financialrepression
reprise recovery;rehabilitation
 - 398-

reprised'activit6 uptum (economic)

reprised'ertreprise par les salari6s leveragedmanagementbuyout
repriseferme renouvelable revolvingunderwritingfacility
reproductibilit6 repiicability
reprofilage regrading;reshaping
reseau scheme
reseaude distribution grid
r6seaude drainagedes eauxde pluie storm waterdrainagesystem
r6seaude services deliverysystem;supplysystem
reseaude soinscoordonn6s healthmaintenanceorganization
r6seau6lectrique powergrid, network;power system;grid
reseauprincipal main powergrid (electricity)
reseauxdivers utilitles
r6servede projets pipelineof projects
r6servede valeur store-of-value
Reservegen6rale GeneralReserve(s)
reserve16gale;r6serveobligatoire legal reserve
r6servepour impr6vus contingentreserve
reservepour pertes reserveagainstlosses
Reservespeciale SpecialReserve
R6servesupplementairepour pertessur SupplementalReserveagainst Losseson
prets et pour pertesdues a des Loansand from CurrencyDevaluations
d6valuations(Reservesupplbmentaire) (SupplementalReserve)
reservetournante spinningreserve
r6server earmark(funds)
r6serves qualifications;earnedsurplus
r6servesde change,en devises foreign exchangereserves
r6servesdisponibles free reserves
reserveshalieutiques fish stock
r6servesidealementr6cup6rables ultimaterecoverablereserves
r6servesinternationales internationalreserves
reserveslatentes hiddenreserves
reservesobligatoires reserverequirement
reservesprimaires primary reserves
reservesrecuperables recoverablereserves
reservessupplementaires secondaryreserves
reservoird'id6es think tank
resiliation termination
resilier terminate
resistancede la chaussee pavementstrength
responsabilisation;responsabilite accountability
responsable decision-maker
responsablede la vulgarisation extensionofficer
responsabledu projet project officer
resquilleur free rider
resserrement retrenchment
resserrementdu credit tighteningof credit;tight money;credit
squeeze;credit tightening;
financialrestraint,stringency
 - 399-

resserrementmonetaire monetaryrestraint
ressourcesa emplol specifique tied resources
ressourcesen devises foreign exchangeresources
ressourceshalieutiques fish stock
ressourcesinexploit6es untappedresources
ressourcesnecessaires(au input
fonctionnementde qch.)
ressourcesnon generatricesd'endettement non debt-creatingflows
ressourcespermanentes,stables investmentcapital;investedcapital;
capital;(owners')equity plus medium-and
long-term(MLT)debt
ressourcesutilisees input
restauration rehabilitation
restrictionsa la consommationde brownout
l'electricit
restrictionsde paiements paymentsrestrictions
restrictionsr6siduelles hard core
restrictionsvolontaires(du commerce) voluntaryrestraints(on trade)
restructuration structuraladjustment
restructurationde la dette debt restructuring
restructurationfinancibre work out
r6sultatde l'exercice net income (for period)
r6sultatd'exploitation operatingIncome,profit
resultatfinal bottomline
r6sultat(net) hors-exploitation nonoperating(net) income
r6sultat(s) income
resultats output; actual(s)
resultatseconomiques economicperformance
resultatsfinanciers financialperformance,results
r6sultatsobtenus performance
r6sultatsscolaires educationalachievements
resum6 proceedings
resumeanalytique ExecutiveProjectSummary
resumeanalytiqued'un projet executiveprojectsummary
retard slippage;lag; time lag
retardpar rapportau calendrier time overrun
retardsprolongesdans le servicede la protractedarrears
dette
retention storage
retenuea la source withholdingtax; pay-as-you-earn;
pay-as-you-go;attachment
retenuede garantie retentionmoney
retombees spillover
retourd'information feedback(of information)
retraitmassif run (on the banks)
retribution fee(s)
retroaction feedback(of information)
retroceder(un pret) relend
r6trocession onlending;onwardlending;sell down
 -400 -

retroinformation feedback(of information)

r6unionde synthese wrap-upmeeting
r6unioninformelle,officieuse informalmeeting
r6utilisationdes donnees feedback(of information)
revalorisation revaluation
revendication claim
revendicationsalariale wage claim
revenu income
revenuagricole farm income
revenudes placements portfolio income
revenudiscretionnaire discretionaryincome
revenudisponible disposableincome
revenudisponiblebrut grossdisposableincome
revenuimposable assessedincome
revenuinterieurbrut grossdomestic income
revenumonetaire moneyincome; cash income
revenunationalbrut gross nationalincome
revenunet des servicesde facteurs net factor serviceincome
revenunet du projet project rent
revenu (net) hors-exploitation nonoperating(net) income
revenupar habitant per capita income
revenu(s)des placements investmentincome
revenudes facteurs factor income
revenus returns;revenues
revenusautresque la remunerationdu uneamedincome
travail
revenusde la propriete property income
revenusdes placements interestincome,earnings
revenusdomaniaux propertyincome
revenusdu travail eamedincome
revenus(ensituationd') equilibre equilibriumincome
revetementdu puits well lining
reviser overhaul
reviseurdes comptes auditor
rhizomes rootstock crops; rhizomes
rigueurbudgetaire retrenchment
risque exposure
risquede change exchangerisk;foreign exchangerisk
risquede conflitsarmeset de war and civil disturbancerisk
troubles civils
risquede perte sur les taux d'interet interestrate risk
risquede rupturede contrat breach of contractrisk
risquede transfert currencytransferrisk
risqued'insolvabilite credit risk
risqued'insolvabilitede l'Etat sovereignrisk
emprunteur
risquepar pays country risk
risquepour la sante healthhazard
risquesouverain sovereignrisk
 - 401 -

ristoume drawback
riz aquatique flooded rice
riz de bas-fond bottomiandsrice; lowland rice
riz de mangrove mangroverice
riz de marais swamprice
rkzflottant floating rice
riz pluvial rainfedrice
riz see,pluvial,de montagne,de upland rice; mountainrice; highlandrice
savane,de plateau
role Register
r6le de catalyseur catalyticrole
rotation tumaround(time);turnover
rotationdes stocks inventorytumover
rouagesadministratifs administrativemachinery
roulement tumover
roulier roll-on/roll-off(ro/ro) ship
routea caracteristiquesetudiees,elevees engineeredroad
route A caracteristiquesreduites unengineeredroad
routeconstruiteselondes normesmodestes low standardroad
routed'acces; routede desserte feederroad
route en graveleux;route en lat6rite gravelroad
routeen terre earthroad
routeen terre moderne engineeredroad
routelaterale serviceroad
route non revetue earthor gravelroad; earthroad
route principale primaryroad
route revetue,bitum6e pavedroad
routiers truckers
rubrique line item
ruissellernent watershed;runoff
rythme timing
 - 402 -

sablage resealing
sablesasphaltiques tar sands
sablespetroliferes oil sands
saisie attachment;foreclosure
salaired'integration reservationsalary,wage
salaireeconomique efficiencywage,earnings
salaireexprimeen unitesde produits productwage
salairenominal moneywage
salaire(s)de r6f6rence,virtuels shadowwages
salegre minerallick; salt lick
salubrite sanitation
salubritedu milieu environmentalhealth,sanitation
sanctionscommerciales trade sanctions
sans effetsur les ressources resource-neutral
sans objet not applicable
satellited'explorationdes ressources earth resourcessatellite
terrestres
saupoudragedes ressources dispersionof resources
savoir-faire know-how
scenariode croissance growth pattern
schema scheme
schemade preference GeneralizedSystemof Preferences
schemadirecteur guidelines
schbmaoperationnel flow chart; processchart
schemapathologique patternof disease
schematheorique conceptualdesign
sch6matisation stylizedfact
schistesbitumineux oil shale
schistosomiase schistosomiasis
sciages sawnwood
second march6(de la bourse) unlistedsecuritiesmarket
secours relief
secoursd'urgence emergencyassistance
secteur field; industry
secteuragroalimentaire agroprocessingindustries
secteurdes entreprises corporatesector
secteurdu batiment constructionsector
secteurdu batimentet des travauxpublics constructionsector
secteurdu camionnage truckers
secteurnon structure,non organise, informalsector
traditionnel,marginal
secteurpriv6 industry
secteurstructure,moderne formal sector
secteursde productionprimaire commodityproducingsectors
securite security
 - 403 -

s6curit6alimentaire food security

securitede jouissance securityof tenure
sedentarisation settlement
selectiondes plantes plant breeding
selectionneur breeder
semencecertifiee certifiedseed
semencede base foundationseed
semencede reproduction,de scsche breederseed
semencehomologuee registeredseed
semencemore foundationseed
semencesde plein champ field seeds
semi-monte semiknockeddown
s6minaire(du Conseil) Boardseminar
semis seedling
semi-vrac breakbulk
seriechronologique time series
seriedes avantages benefitstream
seriede(s) coOts cost stream
Snrie"questionset probl6mes" issuespaper
service teachingload; unit
servicebancaireinternational internationalbankingfacility
Service-conseil pour l'investissement ForeignInvestmentAdvisoryService
etranger
servicede placementdesfonds de retraite pensionfinanceunit
servicede promotionet de developpement AfricaProject DevelopmentFacility
des investissements en Afrique
serviced'ex6cution,fonctionnel,charge operatingdepartment
de l'exploitation
serviceminimum nominalservice
servicetechnique engineeringdepartment
services staff
servicesa 1'exception des revenusde nonfactorservices
facteurs
servicesbancairespour les particuliers retailbanking
servicescollectifs communityservices
servicesde motoculture mechanizationservices
servicesde santecommunautaire communityhealthservices
serviceset reseaux utilities
servicesexterieurs outreachactivies; field staff
servicesgeneraux supportstaff
servicesnon facteurs nonfactorservices
servicesnon marchands nonmarketservices
servicesofficiels government
servicespayants fee-basedservices
servicespublics publicutilities;public utility
corporation
servicespublics,(entreprisesde) utilities
servicesspecialises professionalservices
servitude charge;lien
 -404 -

seuilde pauvret6 povertyline; povertyincomethreshold

seullde reclassement cutoff point (for Bank or IDA financing)
seuil de rentabilite break-evenpoint; cutoff rate (of return)
SIBOR SIBOR
signal signal
signature creditworthiness;credit standing
signauxdonnespar les prix price signals
signe pr6curseur bellwether(of economictrends)
signer un accord executean agreement
simpled'acces user friendly
simplification streamlining;stylizedfact
siropde glucosea hauteteneur high fructosecorn syrup
en fructose
site site
site g6othermique geothermaldeposit
situation status
situationde famille maritalstatus
situationdes paiements(d'un pays) paymentsposition (of a country)
situationdes reserves reserveposition
situationdu capital capitalposition
situationeconomiqueet sociale socioeconomicstatus
situationfinanciere statementof condition;financialstatement
situationmonetaire monetarysurvey
situationnette net worth; stockholders'equity;
shareholders'equity; owners' equity;
equity; net worth; capital base
societ corporatebody, institution;body corporate
sociCte,etc., A risque credit risk
societeA risquescommuns joint venture
societeanonyme limitedliabilitycompany
societecivile nonstockcorporation
societecommerciale trading company
societede capital-risque venturecapitalcompany
societede commercialisation trading company
societed'economiemixte mixed enterprise;semipubliccompany
societede financementde l'innovation venturecapitalcompany
societede financementdu developpement developmentfinancecompany
societede gestion managementcompany
societede negoce trading company
socibted'epargneet de credit savingsand loan association
societede personnes partnership
societede placement securitiesdealer; securitiesfirm
societede placementcollectif investmentcompany,fund
societede portefeulile holdingcompany
Societede servicesde gestionpour AfricanManagementServicesCompany
l'Afrique
societed'etudes consultingfirm
socibtbd'investissement investmentcompany,fund
 - 405 -

societed'investissementa capital open-end(investment)

fund;unittrust
variable
societed'investissementa capitalfixe; closed-endInvestment
company,fund;
societed'investissementferm6e investmenttrust
societ6dontlesactionssontcoteesen publidytradedcompany
bourse
societeen commandite paractions jointstockcompany
societefictive shellcompany
societe(de)holding holdingcompany
socibtemandat6e (parla Banquemondiale) commissioned company
societemere parentcompany
societeparactions stockcorporation
societspublique publiccorporation
soinsambulatoires outpatienttreatment
soinscuratifsprimaires front-lnecare
soinsde sant&de base basichealthcare
soinsde sant6primaires primaryhealthcare
soldebudgqtaire fiscalbalance
soldecourants currentaccountbalance;currentbalance
soldede ressources resourcebalance
soldede tr6sorerie cashbalance;cashholdings;cashIn hand;
cashon hand
soldedespalements courants,des currentaccountbalance;currentbalance
operations courantes
soldedisponible,nonutilise undrawnbalance
solder(un compte) balance(anaccount)
soldesdetenusau titredesoperations
a balancesheldon a coveredbasis
terme
solspeufertiles marginal soil(s)
solutiond'attente stopgapmeasure
solutionde rechange alternative
solvabilite creditworthiness;creditstanding
soivabilite
desb6neficiaires affordabUity
sommesdues accountspayable
sondage drilling
sortie output
sortie(d'uneimmobilisation) retirement(ofa fixedasset)
sortiede fonds disbursement
sortieimprimee printout;hardcopy
sortiesde caisse cashexpenditures
souche stock
soudure pre-harvestgap
soulagement relief
soumission bidsubmission
soumissionnalre(le plusoffrant)(le bidder(highest/lowest)
moinsdisant)
soumissionnaireclassesecond,deuxieme secondlowestbidder
soumissionnalrele moins-disant lowestbidder
soumissionnairele plusoffrant highestbidder
 - 406-

sous-aliment6s undemourished
sous contr6leetranger foreign-owned
souscripteur holder
sous-emploi underemployment
sous-emploldes ressources slack
sous-endette underieveraged
sous-facturationdes exportations underinvoicingof exports
sous-garant subunderwriter
sous-investissement underirnvestment
sous-acent underlying
sous le contr6le intbgralou majoritaire owned or controlledby
de
sous-prdt sub-loan
sous-projet subproject
sous-region subregion
sous-secteur subsector
sous-traitant subcontractor
sous-traitantpropose nominatedsubcontractor
sous-traiterA contract out
sous-utilisationdes ressources slack
sous-utilisationd'un creditouvert underrun
souscriptionau capital equitysubscription
souscriptionexcedentaire oversubscription
souscriptioninitiale initialsubscription
souscriptionnon assortiede reserves unrestrictedsubscription
souscrireau capital to supplysharecapital
soutage bunkering
soutes bunker;bunker oil
soutiende famille principal(income)earner;breadwinner
soutiendes prix price support
special concessional;concessionary
specialpour les produitsminiersdes Sysmin
ACP et des PTOM)
sp6cialistede l'analyseeconomique economicanalyst
specialistede la passationdes marches procurementagent
specialitepharmaceutique brand namedrug
specKfications techniques specffications
specimenlegalise authenticatedspecimenof signature
speculations crops
spherer6elle (de l'economie) real side (of the economy)
squatter to squat
squatteur squatter
stabilisateursautomatiques built-Instabilizers
stabilisation flatteningout
stage study course; Internship
stagede recyclage,perfectionnement refreshercourse
stagflation stagflation
staglaire trainee
stagnation stagnation(of the economy)
 -407-

standard standard
stationde monte servicestation
stationde pompage pumpingstation
station d'epuration treatmentplant
stationd'epurationdes eauxusees sewage(treatment)plant
stationde surpression booster(pumping)station
stationzootechnique,g6netique breedingstation
statistique(s)historique(s) historicalstatistics
statistique(s)retrospective(s) historicalstatistics
statistiquesde I'etat civil vital statistics
statut status; bylaws
statutd'occupation land tenurerights
Statuts Articlesof Agreement
stimulant incentive
stock(s) stock
stockage storage;storage
stocker stock (to)
stocks;stocks et en-coursde production inventory;inventories
stocks regulateurs bufferstocks
Strategieinternationaledu d6veloppement InternationalDevelopmentStrategy
structureadministrative organizationalstructure
structurede la dette debt structure
structurede la production productmix
structurede l'investissement Investmentpattern
structuredes echanges trade pattem
structuredu capitalsocial ownershipstructure(of a company)
structuredu personnel staffing
structurefinanciere capitalstructure
structureinstitutionnelle institutionalframework
structuresociale corporatestructure
structurel underdying
subdMivisionregionale subregion
subordinationa plusieursautorites matrixreporting
substitution proxy;trade-off
substitution(de productionslocales) import substitution
aux importations
subvention grant-in-aid;incentivepayment
subventiona l'achatd'intrants input subsidy
subventiona la consommation consumersubsidy
subventionaux prix pricesubsidy
subventioncroisee,reciproque cross subsidization
subventioninterne
subventiond'6quilibre balancingsubsidy;budgetaryaid
subventiond'equipement equipmentgrant; investmentgrant
subventiond'exploitation,de operatingsubsidy
fonctionnement
suitea donner follow-up
suite donnee processing
suivi monitoring;follow-up
 - 408 -

suM et evaluation monitoringand evaluation

suivi socio-professhonnel tracer study
sujet area
sujet (d'6tudes) subjectmatter
sujet economlque economicman
superficieagricole utle usefulfarm space
sup6rieurlmm6dlat,direct line manager
sup6rieurs(hl6rarchlques) supervisorystaff
superphosphatetriple triple superphosphate
superviseurs supervisorystaff
supervisiondu projet project supervision
supplanter crowd out
suppl6ant alternate
supportp6dagoglque instructionalaid
surajustement overshooting
surarbitre umpire
surcapacit6,en overstaffed
surcharge(des paturages) overgrazing
surdimenslonn6 overdesigned
sureffectHf,
en overstaffed
sureffectls redundancy
suremplol overemployment
surendette overgeared;highly leveraged
surestimationdes coOts cost underrun
sOretb lien; security;guarantee
sOret6constitueeen garantlede performancesecurity
1'executlondu marche
surexploitationdes ressources overfishing
halieutiques
surexploitationdes terres (due lla pressureson the land
pressiondemographique)
surfacefinanciere creditworthiness;
credit standing
surfacehabitable living area
surinvestissement overinvestment
sur la basedes palements on a cash basis
sur le chantier;sur place on site
surpaturage overgrazing
surplus du consommateur consumersurplus
surprix price premium
surrbaction overshooting
surtaxe tax surcharge
surtaxea l'importation import surcharge
sur terre onshore
sur une baseencaissements-d6caissements on a cash basis
surveillance monitoring
swap swap
swapde monnales currencyswap
swapper to swap
sylviculture tree farming
 - 409 -

syndicat (de garantie)d'6mission,de underwritingsyndicate

priseferme
syndicatbancaire syndicate
syndicatde direction managinggroup
syndicatde garantie underwriters
syndicatde placement sellingconsortium,group,syndicate
syndicatd'irrigants water users'association
syndication(d'un pret) syndication
syndiquer to syndicatea loan
syndromed'immunodeficience acquise acquiredImmune-deficiency syndrome
syndromehollandais Dutchdisease
syndromeimmunodeficitaireacquis acquiredImmune-deficiency syndrome
synthese wrap-up;capsulepresentation
systeme scheme
systemed'alerterapide, immediate eariywarningsystem
systemed'appareilsa pivot central pivot sprinkleIrrigation
systemede communicationdes donnees reportingsystem
systemede compteurs metering
systemede culture cropping pattem
systemede formationet de visites trainingand visit system
systemede la classeunique multigradeteaching
Systemede modelisationalgebriquegeneral GeneralAlgebraicModelingSystem
systemede notificationde la dette externaldebt reportingsystem
ext6rieure
systemede paritesmobiles(glissantes, crawlingpeg
rampantes)
Syst6mede planificationet d'evaluation PerformancePlanningand Review
des prestationsdu personnel
systemede prestationde soins healthdeliverysystem
systemede prestations deliverysystem;supply system
systemede productionagricolemixte mixedfarming
systemede productiond'electricite powersystem
(systemede remboursement)par annuites levelannuitysystem
systemedes deux enveloppes two-envelopesystem
systemed'etablissementde rapports reportingsystem
systemede taux de change(fixe mais) adjustablepeg system[foreignexchange]
ajustable
systemede taux preteursbasesur un Pool-BasedLendingRateSystem
pool d'emprunts
systemed'exploitation farmingsystem
(systemed') horairesamenages day release
systemed'information reportingsystem
systemed'information,informatiquede managementInformationsystem
gestion
systemed'irrigationA pivots centralpivot sprinkleirrigation
systeme"pivot" centralpivot sprinkleirrigation
 - 410-

-T -

tableau schedule
tableaude bord performancechart; workingtable;
managementchart
tableaude financement;tableaudes flux statementof changesIn financial
position;sourceand applicationof
funds statement;funds statement;source
and use of funds statement;fundsflow
statement;changesIn workingcapital
statement
tableau (des)entrees-sorties Input-outputtable
tableaudes operationsfinancieres funds flow account
tableaueconomiqued'ensemble comprehensiveeconomictable
tableaumobile;tableau-papier flip chart
talon voucher
tangent marginal
tantieme fee(s)
tardKf late maturing
tarif price list; schedule;tariffs
tarif minimal Ifeline tariff
tarif progressif Invertedtariff [utilities]
tarif uniforme,forfaitaire flat rate
tarificationau coOtmarginal marginalcost pricing
tarificationdes usagers user charges,fees
tarificationdes usagersde la route road user charges
tarifsdouaniers tariff schedule;tariffs
tassement settlement;shakeout(of the market)
taudis slum
taux user charges,fees
taux brut de mortalite crude death rate
taux brut de natalite crude birth rate
taux brut de scolarisationprimaire gross (primary)enrollmentratio
taux butoir floor rateof exchange
taux crediteur depositorrate of interest;borrowingrate
taux critiquede rentabilite hurdle rate
taux crois6 cross rate
taux croisesdivergents broken cross rates
taux d'abandon(scolaire) dropout rate
taux d'acceptation acceptancerate (by beneficiariesof a
project)
taux d'acquisitiondes connaissances learningrate
taux d'activite labor force penetration;labor force
participationrate
taux d'actualisation discountrate;discountrate
taux d'actualisationcritique crossoverdiscountrate; equalizing
discountrate
 - 411 -

taux d'actualisationde la consommation consumptionrate of Interest

taux d'actualisationnormatif rate of puretime preference
taux d'actualisationvirtuel shadowdiscountrate
taux d'adoption acceptancerate (by beneficiariesof a
project)
taux d'assimilationdes connaissances learningrate
taux d'attrition attritionrate
taux de base prime rate
taux de basea long terme long-termprime rate
taux debiteur rate of intereston loans;lending rate
taux de changeAterme forwardexchangerate
taux de changeau comptant spot exchangerate
taux de changed'6quilibre equilibriumexchangerate
taux de changede reference,virtuel shadowexchangerate
taux de changeeconomique shadowpricing of exchangerate
taux de changeeffectif effectiveexchangerate
taux de changeeffectifnominal nominaleffectiveexchangerate
taux de changeeffectifreel real effectiveexchangerate
taux de changeminimum floor rate of exchange
taux de charge (d'un paturage) stocking rate (of an area)
taux de continuit6d'utilisation continuationrate
taux de couverturedes importations import coverageratio
taux de croissancecumule compoundrate of growth
taux de fecondite fertilityrate
taux d'effort affordabilityratio; housing
expenses/incomeratio
taux d'egalisationdes valeursactuelles crossoverdiscountrate; equalizing
discountrate
taux de longvift6 scolaire survivalrate
taux de marque mark-up
taux d'6mission(d'une obligation) coupon rate (of a bond)
taux de natalite birth rate
taux d'encadrement pupil-teacherratio; teacher-pupilratio
taux d'energienette net energyratio
taux de passage,de promotion promotionrate;pass rate
taux de p6n6trationdes importations import penetrationratio
taux de pr6f6rencepure pour le pr6sent rate of pure time preference
taux de pr6f6rencesocialepour le pr6sent socialtime preferencerate
taux de protectioneffective effectiverate of protection
taux de protectionnominale nominalrate of protection
taux d'6quivalenceen superficiede land equivalent,equivalencyratio
cultures
taux de recouvrement tax performanceratio
taux de recouvrementde la plus-value rent recoveryindex
taux de redoublement repeaterrate
taux de r6forme culling rate
taux de remplissage fill ratio
taux de rendement yield rate; rateof return
taux de rendementde l'investissement returnto capital
 - 412-

taux de rentabilite rateof return

taux de rentabilitecomptable accountingrateof return
taux de rentabilktede l'lnvestissement returnto capital
taux de rentablited'lndiff6rence equalizingrate of return
taux de rentabiliteeconomique economicrate of retum;economic
Intemalrate of return
taux de rentabilitefinanciere financia rate of retum;intemal rate
of financialretum
tauxde rentabiliteinterne intemalrate of return
tauxde rentabilitesociale socialrate of return
taux de r6tention retentionrate; grade ratio
taux de scolarisation enrollmentratio
taux d'escompte discountrate
taux des droits tariff rates
taux de tr6sorerie cash rate of return
taux de velage calvingrate
taux d'exploitation offtakerate
taux difflrentiel de rentabilite incrementalrate of return
taux d'imposition tax rate
taux d'indifference crossoverdiscountrate; equalizing
discount rate
taux d'inscription enrollmentratio
taux d'integrationnationale domesticcontentratio
taux d'intensit6du capital capital-laborratio
taux d'interetcomptable accountingrate of interest
taux (d'int6rdt)courant standardrate (of interest)
taux d'interetde reference shadowrate of interest
taux d'int6retdirecteurs key interestrates
taux d'inter@teffectif effectiveinterestrate
taux d'inter6tnegatif negativerate of interest
taux d'int6rdtreel ex ante ex ante real interestrate
taux d'interet reel ex post ex post real interestrate
taux du marchemonetaire moneymarketrate
taux d'usure attritionrate
taux flottant floating rate
taux marginalde rentabilite incrementalrate of return
taux natureld'accroissement rate of naturalincrease
taux net de reproduction net reproductionrate
taux officield'escompte bank rate
taux pivot key moneyrate; centralrate
taux preteur lendingrate
taux preteurvariablebasesur un pool pool-basedvariablelending rate
d'emprunts
taux privilegie prime rate
taux salarialvirtuel social socialshadowwage rate
taux salarial,de salaire wage rate
taux tendanciel trend rate
taux uniforme,forfaitaire flat rate
taux variable floating rate
 - 413 -

taxe levy
taxea la valeurajoutee value-added tax
taxede perequation d'int6rets Interestequalization tax
taxede statistique statisticaltax
taxedevalorisation fonciere landbetterment tax
taxed'inflation inflationtax
taxeper,ueen contrepartie d'avantages benefittax
taxesurles ventes salestax
taxesauxfrontieres bordertaxes
taxi-brousse jitney
technicienspecialise subjectmatterspecialist
technicit6 expertise
techniquea plusieurs variables al6atoires muitivariate technique
techniquedestransistors, des solidstatetechnology
semi-conducteurs
techniqued'evaluation et de controle and reviewtechnique
programevaluation
des programmes
techniques d'elevage animalhusbandry
techniques pedagogiques (employ6es en classroom
techniques
classe)
techniques quantitativesde gestion managerial accounting
technologie appropriee appropriate technology
technologie de pointe frontiertechnology
teldetection remotesensing
telephonedevoiture,cellulaire cellularphone
tempsde recuperation, de paybackperiod
recouvrement, d'amortissement,
de remboursement
tempsde reponse timelag
tempsde retour paybackperiod
tempsd'immobilisation turnaround (time)
tempsmort downtime
tempspartage timesharing
tendancea favoriser, a defavoriser bias
tendancea la baisse downward trend
tendancea la hausse,haussibre upwardtrend
tendancea la haussedes salaires wagepressure
tendanceseculaire, a longterme seculartrend
tendances conjoncturelles shorttermtrends
tendanciel underlying
teneurde plume leadbank;leadmanager
teneuren matieresimport6es importcomponent
tensioncaus6eparla s6cheresse droughtstress
tenue(desprix) performance
t6racalorie teracalorie
termaillage leadsandlags
termesde l'echange termsof trade
termesde l'echange(demarchandises) bartertermsof trade
termesde l'echangebifactoriels doublefactorialtermsof trade
 - 414 -

termesde l'echangedes revenus Incometerms of trade

termesde l'echangeunifactoriels singlefactorialterms of trade
termes de r6f6rence terms of reference
termes reels,en in real terms
terminaison termination
terrain site; field
terrainviabilis,, amenage servicedarea, lot, site
terres domaniales public lands
terres,terroirsvierges wildlands
test "avant-apres" "before-and-after"test, analysis
test wavecet sans "with-and-without" test
tests de connaissances,p6dagogiques achievementtests
tete de puits welihead
texte portantautorisation authority
textes portant autorisation legal authority
themes (devulgarisation) messages
thMoriedes files d'attente queueingtheory
th6oriedu controled l'argent implique impliedmoneycontrol theory
th6orie quantitativede la monnaie quantitytheory of money
timbre fiscal revenuestamp
tinette bucket latrine
tirage drawdown
tiragesen cours outstandingdrawings
tirant d'air clearance
tirer draw (funds)
litre security
titre (d'un metalprecieux) fineness(of a noble metal)
titre de participationa un pool de pr8ts pass-throughcertificate;participation
certHficate
titre de rente annuity bond
titre obligataire debt security
titres paper;qualifications
titres confirmes seasonedsecurities
titres d'Etat governmentsecurities
titres hors-cote over-the-countersecurities
titres negociables marketablesecurities
titulairedu marche successfulbidder
titularisation tenure
tonnage catch
tonne a l'tat sec A l'air air dried ton
tonne equivalentcharbon ton of coal equivalent
tonne equivalentpetrole ton of oil equivalent
tonnes de port en lourd deadweighttonnage
torpeur stagnation(of the economy)
total bottom line
tournant watershed
tourteaude bouse dung cake
tourteauol6agineux oilcake
tout-&-l'egout waterbornesewagesystem;combinedsewer
 - 415 -

trace du profil en long verticalalignment

trace en plan horizontalalignment
traductionmonetaire currencytranslation
trafic de d6tail less than carloadfreight
trafic de retour backhaultraffic
trafic de transit,transitaire,direct throughtraffic
trafic induit generatedtraffic
train bloc block train; unittrain
train cargo; train complet unittrain
train de mesures policy package
traitement processing
traitementde rehydratationpar voie orale oral rehydrationtherapy
traitementeffectivementperqu,net de take-homepay
toutesd6ductions
traitementpar voie humide wet process
traitementpar voie sbche dry process
traitementpar vole semi-sbche semidryprocess
traitementpreferentiel preferentialtreatment
tramesd'accueil sites and services
tranche slice
tranche(de travaux) bid package
tranched'imposition,du barbmefiscal tax bracket
tranched'un pret strip of maturities
tranchede revenu income bracket
tranchesde revenusuperieur higherincomebrackets
transactionboursibre stock exchangetransaction
transactionhors-march6 off-markettransaction
transactions proceedings
transactionscourantes currentbalanceof payments
transactionsd'inities insiderdealing,trading
transactionsinterbancaires wholesalebanking
transactionsinvisibles invisibletransactions
transfert shift; assignment
transfertavec contrepartie requitedtransfer
transfertd'actions divestiture
transfertde capitaux,en capital capitaltransfer
transfertde fonds remission
transfertde fondselectronique electronicfunds transfer
transfertde salaires workers'remittance
transfertde technologie transferof technology;technologytransfer
transfertinversede technologie reversetransferof technology
transfertunilateral,sanscontrepartie unrequitedtransfer
transfertssociaux welfare;welfarepayments;transfer
payments
transformation processing
transformationa 1'envers negativeterm transformation
transformationd'ech6ances maturitytransformation
transformationde la viande meat processing
transition(d6mographique) transitlon;demographictransition
 - 416 -

transparence transparency
transparence fiscale fiscaltransparency
transportde produitsconditionnes nonbulktraffic
transport(s) maritime(s) shipping
transporter to handle
transportsmultimodaux multimodal transport
transportsro-ro;transroulage roll-on/roll-off
travaila fagon jobbing
travailde pr6paration du pret/creidt loanprocessing
travailsurles lieux,surle terrain, fieldwork
surplace
travailleurambulant unlocated worker
travailleurind6pendant self-employedperson
travailleurqualifie skilledworker
travauxde geniecivil civilworks
travauxde petitehydraulique small-scalewaterworks
travauxde VRD(voirieet reseauxdivers) sitedevelopment
tremiea charbon bunker
trevefiscale tax holiday
triage triage
tribunalarbitral ArbitralTribunal
tribunalcompetent ou touteautre competent courtor otherauthority(to
autoritecomp6tente (pourl'ex6cution enforceawards)
des sentences arbitrales)
trimestrede l'anneecivile calendarquarter
troisiemeguichet ThirdWindow
tronccommun corecurriculum
trou shortfall
troupeau livestock;stock
trousse kit
trustdontle beneficiaire ne connalt blindtrust
pasla composition; trustaveugle
trypanosomiase trypanosomiasis
tubercule tubercrop
tubercules rootcrops
type standard
typesde speculations productmix
typique;uniforme standard
 - 417 -

U -

unite unit
unitebWtail cattleunit
unitebovintropical tropicalcattleunit
unitecapitalisable credit
unitecomptable accounting unit
unitede compte numeraire; unitof account
unit6de compteeuropeenne European Unitof Account
unitede comptefond6esur un panierde basketunitof account
monnaies
unit6de production unitof output
unitede production agricole farmingunit
unitede valeur credit
unitefertilisante unitof fertilizer
unit6fourragere feedunit;forageunit
unit6grosb6tail animalunit
unitemobilede formation mobiletrainingunit
unmt6 mon6taire currencyunit
unit6mon6taire composite compositecurrencyunit
unitemonetaire europeenne European CurrencyUnit
universitaire academic
usager consumer
usagescomptables accountingpractices
usinage processing
usine plant
usineentibrement nouvelle grassroot,greenfieldplant
usure(normale) wearandtear(fair)
utilisation
collectivedesforets socialforestry
des sols,desterres
utilisation landuse
facile,d'
utilisation userfriendly
finale
utilisation enduse(ofa commodity)
rationnelle
utilisation de l'6nergie energyconservation
s6quentielle
utilisation d'6nergie energycascading
utilitNmarginale marginalutility
 - 418 -

vachede reforme culled cow

valeur security
valeura casser forced sale value;liquidationvalue
valeura la casse scrapvalue;forced sale value;
liquidationvalue
valeura la sortie de la mine mineheadprice
valeuractualisee presentvalue,worth
valeuractualiseede l'argent time valueof money
valeuractualiseed'une annuitedonnee presentworth of an annuityfactor
valeuractualiseed'une succession presentworth of a streamof future income
d'annuites
valeuractuelle presentvalue,worth; exit value; current
exit value; net realizablevalue
valeuractuellenette net discountedvalue; net presentworth,
value
valeur actuellenette exprimeeen prix net presentvalue in efficiencyprices
economiques
valeuractuellenette sociale socialnet presentvalue
valeurajouteedans le pays, a l'interieur domesticvalueadded
valeurapproximative,approchee proxy
valeurcalcul6e constructedvalue
valeurcomptable book value
valeurcritique switchingvalue
valeurd'acquisition purchasers'values
valeurde liquidation forced salevalue; liquidationvalue
valeurdepart-usine producers'values
valeurde perede famille blue chip; blue chip security
valeurde premierordre blue chip; blue chip security
valeurde rarete scarcityvalue
valeurde refuge hedge
valeurde remplacement current (entry)value;replacementvalue;
currentcost
valeurd'usage value in use
valeurd'utilite Imputedvalue
valeurestimativedu portefeuille evaluatedportfolio
valeurliquidative sellingvalue
valeurnefte netbackvalue;back value; equity
valeurnominale par value;face value
valeuror gold value
valeurreelle,en in real terms
valeurresiduelle,de liquidation,de salvagevalue
r6cuperation
valeurseuil switchingvalue
valeurunitaire unit value
 - 419 -

valeurvenale marketvalue;exit value;current exit

value; net realizablevalue
valeursconfirmes seasonedsecurities
valeursde deuxiemerang secondarysecurities
valeursde portefeuille portfoliosecurities
valeursde premierordre gilt-edgedsecurities
valeursd'exploitation Inventory;Inventories
valeursdisponibles liquidassets;quick assets
valeursen circulation outstandingsecurities
valeursgarantiespar l'Etat gilt-edgedsecurities
valeursmercuriales standardvalues;administrativeprices
valeursrealisables currentassets
valorisation appreciation(in value)
valorisationdes ressourceshumaines manpowerdevelopment;staffdevelopment;
human resourcedevelopment
valoriser upgrade
vapocraquage steamcracking
variablede remplacement, proxy
representative,
approximative
variableexplicative predictor;predicated,independent,
explanatoryvariable;fixed variate;
regressor
variablefictive,auxiliaire dummyvariable
variante alternativebid; altemative
variationssaisonnieres seasonalmovements
variet6a haut rendement high yieldingvariety
varieted'origine confirmee,pure pure variety;true to type variety;true
to type variety;purevariety
varijt6 resistanteaux parasites pest resistantvariety
vOhiculea quatreroues motrices four-wheeldrive vehicle
v6hiculetout terrain four-wheeldrive vehicle
vehiculeutilitaire commercialvehicle
ventea perte predatoryprice
ventea prime premiumsale
ventea temperament extendedpaymentplan
venteA tout prix, en catastrophe,de distresssale,selling
panique
ventede couverture hedgeselling
ventede participationsavec accord prearrangedsalesof participations
prealable
ventede titres en portefeuille salefrom portfolio
venteinconditionnelle no recoursesale
ventepubliquede biens saisis distresssale,selling
ventepure et simple outrightsale
ventesansgarantied'emission "bestefforts"sale
ventilation breakdown
verifiable monitorable
verificateur quantitysurveyor
verificateurdes comptes auditor
 - 420 -

verificateurexternedes comptes externalauditor

verificateurinterieurdes comptes internalauditor
verificationdes capacitesfinancieres postqualificationof bidders
et techniquesde l'entrepreneur
verificationdes comptes audit
verificationexternedes comptes externalaudit
vbrHficationintbrieuredes comptes internalaudit
vrification par sondage test check
veritedes prix cost pricing
versement disbursement
versementdu capital drawdownof equity
viabilisation site development
viabilisationdes parcelles plot servicing
viandedestineeA la transformation manufacturinggrade,quality meat
victimesde la pauvret6absolue absolutepoor
vidange nightsoil
vil prix distressprice
vitessede construction,de conception, design speed
de base,nominale
voie d'acheminement,d'ecoulement evacuationroad
voie d'eau waterway
voie de desserte serviceroad
voie de recours legal remedy
voie d'evitement;voie ferreede garage rail siding(s)
vole navigable waterway
voies et moyens ways and means
voirie sanitation
voix voting rights
voix d'adhesion membershipvotes
voix de souscription subscriptionvotes
volant overhang
volantde tr6sorerie floating cash reserve
volatilite volatility
volet component(of a project)
volumedes investissements exposure
volumesur pied stock
vote formel formal vote
vote par correspondance vote withoutmeeting
voyaged'etude field trip
vulgarisateur extensionagent,worker
vulgarisation extension
vulgarisation,activit6sde outreachactivities
vulgarisationagricole agriculturalextension
 - 421 -

warrant warrant
 - 422 -

- X -

x-efficacite x-efficiency
xenomonnaies xenocurrencies
 - 423 -

zone area
zonea urbaniser urbandevelopment area
zonecontamin6e infectedarea
zoned'am6nagement development area
zoned'approvislonnement catchment area;catchbasin
zoned'attraction servicearea
zoned'attraction catchment area;catchbasin
zonede captage servicearea;catchmentarea;catchbasin
zonede libre-6change freetradearea
zonede peuplement settlement
zonede recrutement catchment area;catchbasin
zonede recrutement de la main-d'oeuvre laborshed
zonede reference targetzone;referencezone
zonede souverainete economique exclusiveeconomiczone
zonedesservie servicearea
zoned'habitatspontane squatterarea,settlement
zoned'influence servicearea;catchmentarea;catchbasin
zonedu projet projectarea
zoneforestibre nonclassee unreservedforestarea
zonefranche freetradezone
zonefranchede transformationpour exportprocessing zone
1'exportation
zonefrancheindustrielle exportprocessing zone
zoneindustrielle industrial
estate,park
zonesp6riph6riques,marginales fringeareas
zootechnie animalhusbandry
Organizations
Organisations
 - 427 -

Orcanizations/Oroanisatlons

( = World Bankand AssociatedBodies/** = CGIARand associatedbodies)

Abu DhablFundfor Arab EconomicDevelopment- ADFAED

Fondsd'Abu Dhabipour le d6veloppementeconomiquearabe- FADDEA

African,Caribbeanand PacificStates- ACP

Etatsde l'Afrique,des Caralbeset du Pacifique- ACP

AfricanDevelopmentBank- ADB,AfDB
Banqueafricainede developpement- BAD

AfricanDevelopmentFund - ADF,AfDF
Fondsafricainde developpement- FAD

Africanand MauritianUnionof DevelopmentBanks- UAMBD

Unionafricaineet mauriciennede banquespour le developpement- UAMBD

*AfricanManagementServicesCompany- AMSC
Societede servicesde gestionpour l'Afrique- AMSC

(UnitedStates)Agencyfor InternationalDevelopment- AID, USAID

Agencepour le developpementinternational- AID, USAID

AndeanDevelopmentCorporation- ADC
Societeandinede developpement- SAD

Arab Bankfor EconomicDevelopmentin Africa - ABEDA

Banquearabepour le developpementeconomiqueen Afrique- BADEA

Arab Centrefor the Studiesof Arid Zones and Dry Lands- ACSAD
Centrearabe pour l'etudedes zones arideset non irriguees

Arab Fundfor Economicand SocialDevelopment- AFESD

Fonds arabede developpement6conomiqueet social- FADES

AsianDevelopmentBank - ADB,AsDB
Banqueasiatiquede developpement- BAsD

Associationof AfricanDevelopmentFinanceInstitutions- AADFI

Associationdes institutionsafricainesde financementdu developpement- AIAFD

Associationof ManagementTrainingInstitutesof Easternand Southern

Africa - AMTIESA
Associationdes institutsd'etudesde gestiond'Afriqueorientaleet
australe
 - 428-

AustralianDevelopmentAssistanceBureau- ADAB
Bureauaustrallend'aide au d6veloppement- ADAB

Bankfor InternationalSettlement- BIS

Banquedes reglementsinternationaux- BRI

BelgianAdministrationfor DevelopmentCooperation- AGCD

Administrationgen6ralede la cooperationau developpement(Belgique)- AGCD

CaisseCentralede CooperatlonEconomique- CCCE

Caissecentralede cooperationeconomique- CCCE

CanadianInternationalDevelopmentAgency- CIDA
Agencecanadiennede developpementinternational- ACDI

CaribbeanCommunity- CARICOM
Communaut6des CaraTbes- CARICOM

CaribbeanDevelopmentBank- CDB,CARIBANK
Banquede d6veloppementdes CaraTbes- BDC

*Caribbean Group for Cooperationin EconomicDevelopment- CGCED

Groupedes CaraTbespour la coop6rationdans le d6veloppemnteconomique

Centerfor LatinAmericanMonetaryStudies- CEMLA

Centred'etudesmonetaireslatino-americaines
- CEMLA

CentralAfricanCustomsand EconomicUnion- UDEAC

Uniondouaniereet 6conomiquede l'Afriquecentrale- UDEAC

CentralAmericanBankfor EconomicIntegration- CABEI

Banquecentreamericaine
d'integrationeconomique- BCIE

CentralAmericanCommonMarket- CACM
Marchecommund'Ameriquecentrale- MCAC

CentralBank of WestAfricanStates- BCEAO

Banquecentraledes Etatsde l'Afriquede l'Ouest- BCEAO

CommonAfricanand MauritianOrganization- OCAM

Organisationcommuneafricaineet mauricienne- OCAM

CommonwealthDevelopmentCorporation- CDC
CommonwealthDevelopmentCorporation- CDC

**ConsultativeGroup on InternationalAgriculturalResearch- CGIAR

Groupeconsultatifpour la rechercheagricoleinternationale- CGIAR
 - 429-

Councilof Europe
Conseilde l'Europe

Councilfor MutualEconomicAssistance- CMEA,COMECON

Conseild'assistanceeconomiquemutuelle- CAEM,COMECON

DanishInternationalDevelopmentAgency- DANIDA
Agencedanoisede developpementinternational- DANIDA

DevelopmentAssistanceCommittee(OECD)- DAC
Comited'aide au developpement- CAD

Bank of CentralAfricanStates- BEAC

Banquedes Etatsde I'Afriquecentrale- BEAC

Easternand SouthernAfricanManagementInstitute- ESAMI

Easternand SouthernAfricanManagementInstitute- ESAMI

Economicand SocialCommissionfor Asia and the Pacific- ESCAP

Commissioneconomiqueet socialepour l'Asieet le Pacffique- CESAP

EconomicCommissionfor Africa- ECA

Commissioneconomiquepour I'Afrique- CEA

EconomicCommissionfor Europe- ECE

Commissioneconomiquepour l'Europe- CEE

EconomicCommissionfor LatinAmericaand the Caribbean- ECLAC

Commissioneconomiquepour l'Ameriquelatineet les Caralbes- CEPALC

*EconomicDevelopmentInstitute- EDI
Institutde developpementeconomique- IDE

EuropeanCommunities- EC
Communauteseuropeennes- CE

EuropeanDevelopmentFund- EDF
Fondseuropeende developpement- FED

EuropeanEconomicCommunity- EEC
Communauteeconomiqueeuropeenne- CEE

EuropeanInvestmentBank- EIB
Banqueeuropeenned'investissement- BEI

ExportDevelopmentCorporation(Canada)- EDC
Societepour l'expansiondes exportations- SEE
 - 430-

FinnishDepartmentof IntemationalDevelopmentCooperation- FINNIDA

Departementfinlandalspour la cooperationintemationaleau d6veloppement- FINNIDA

Fonds d'Aide et de Cooperation- FAC

Fonds d'aide et de coopbration- FAC

Food and AgriculturalOrganizationof the UnitedNations- FAO

Organisationdes NationsUniespour l'alimentationet l'agriculture- FAO

GeneralAgreementon Tariffsand Trade- GATT

Accord g6neralsur les tarifsdouanlerset le commerce- GATT

GermanAgencyfor TechnicalCooperation- GTZ

Officeallemandde la cooperationtechnique- GTZ

Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank - IDB
Banqueinteramericainede developpement- BID

IntemationalAtomic EnergyAgency- IAEA

Agenceinternationalede I'energieatomique- AIEA

*InternationalBankfor Reconstructionand Development- IBRD

Banqueintemationalepour la reconstructionet le developpement- BIRD

**InternationalBoardfor PlantGeneticResources- IBPGR

Conseilinternationaldes ressourcesphytogenetiques- CIRPG

**lnternationalCenterfor AgriculturalResearchin the Dry Areas- ICARDA

Centreinternationalde rechercheagricole dansles zonesaeides- ICARDA

**lnternationalCenterfor Maizeand WheatImprovement- CIMYYT

Centreinternationalpour I'ameliorationdu mals et du ble- CIMMYT

*InternationalCenterfor Settlementof InvestmentDisputes- ICSID

Centreinternationalpour le reglementdes diff6rendsrelatifsaux investissements
- CIRDI

**lnternationalCenterfor TropicalAgriculture- CIAT

Centreintemationald'agriculturetropicale - CIAT

InternationalCentreof InsectPhysiologyand Ecology- ICIPE

Centreinternationalsur la physiologieet l'ecologiedes insectes- ICIPE

InternationalCivil AviationOrganization- ICAO

Organisationde l'aviationcivile internationale- OACI

**lnternationalCrops ResearchInstitutefor the Semi-AridTropics- ICRISAT

Institut internationalde recherchesur les culturesdes zonestropicalessemi-arides- ICRISAT
 - 431 -

*InternationalDevelopmentAssociation- IDA
Associationinternationalede developpement- IDA

InternationalDevelopmentResearchCentre- IDRC
Centrede recherchespour le developpementinternational- CRDI

InternationalEnergyAgency- IEA
Agenceintemationalede l'energie- AIE

*InternationalFinanceCorporation- IFC
Societ6financiereinternationale- SFI

**lnternationalFood Policy ResearchInstitute- IFPRI

Institutinternationalde recherchesur les politiquesalimentaires- IFPRI

InternationalFundfor AgriculturalDevelopment- IFAD

Fondsinternationalde d6veloppementagricole- FIDA

**lnternationalInstituteof TropicalAgriculture- IITA

Institutinternationald'agriculturetropicale- IITA

**lnternationalLaboratoryfor Researchon AnimalDiseases- ILRAD

Laboratoireinternationalde recherchesur les maladiesdesanimaux- LIRMA

InternationalLabourOffice- ILO
Bureauinternationaldu travail- BIT

InternationalLabourOrganization- ILO
Organisationinternationaledu travail- OIT

**lnternationalLivestockCentrefor Africa- ILCA

Centreinternationalpour I'elevageen Afrique- CIPEA

InternationalMaritimeOrganisation- IMO
Organisationmaritimeinternationale- OMI

InternationalMonetaryFund - IMF
Fonds monetaireinternational- FMI

InternationalPlannedParenthoodFederation- IPPF
Federationinternationalepour le planningfamilial

**InternationalPotatoCenter- CIP
Centreinternationalde la pommede terre - CIP

**lnternationalRiceResearchInstitute- IRRI
Institutinternationalde recherchessur le riz - IRRI
 - 432 -

**lnternationalServicefor NationalAgriculturalResearch- ISNAR

Serviceinternationalde la rechercheagricolenationale- SIRAN

InternationalTelecommunications
Union- ITU
Unioninternationaledes t6lecommunications
- UIT

IslamicDevelopmentBank- IsDB
Banqueislamiquede developpement- BIsD

KredHtanstalt
fur Wiederaufbau- KfW
Kreditanstaltfur Wiederaufbau- KfW

KuwaitFundfor Arab EconomicDevelopment- KFAED

Fonds koweitienpour le developpementeconomiquearabe- KFAED

LatinAmericanEnergyOrganization- OLADE
Organisationlatino-am6ricane
de l'6nergie- OLADE

LatinAmericanIntegrationAssociation- ALADI
Associationlatino-am6ricaine
d'integration- ALADI

*MultilateralInvestmentGuaranteeAgency- MIGA
Agencemultilateralede garantiedes investissements
- AMGI

NetherlandsMinistryfor DevelopmentCooperation- NMDC

Ministbrede la cooperationpour le developpement(Pays-Bas)- MCD

NorwegianAgencyfor InternationalDevelopment- NORAD

Agencenorvegiennede developpementinternational- NORAD

Officefor EmergencyOperationsin Africa- OEOA

Bureaudes operationsd'urgenceen Afrique

OPECFundfor InternationalDevelopment
Fonds OPEPpour le developpementinternational

Organizationof AfricanUnity- OAU

Organisationde l'unite africaine- OUA

Organizationof AmericanStates- OAS

Organisationdes Etatsamericains- OEA

Organizationof EasternCaribbeanStates- OECS

Organisationdes Etatsdes Antillesorientales- OEAO

Organizationfor EconomicCooperationand Development- OECD

Organisationde cooperationet de developpementeconomiques- OCDE
 - 433 -

Organizationof PetroleumExportingCountries- OPEC

Organisationdes pays exportateursde petrole- OPEP

OverseasDevelopmentAdministration(UnitedKingdom)- ODA
OverseasDevelopmentAdministration(Royaume-Uni)- ODA

OverseasEconomicCooperationFund (Japan)- OECF

Fondsde cooperationeconomiqued'outre-mer- OECF

PanAmericanHealthOrganization- PAHO
Organisationpanamericaine
de la sant6- OPS

PermanentInter-StateCommitteefor DroughtControl in the Sahel- CILSS

Comit6permanentinter-Etatsde lutte contre la s6cheressedans le Sahel- CILSS

SaudiArabianMonetaryAgency- SAMA
Agencemon6tairede l'Arablesaoudfte- SAMA

Saudi Fundfor Development- SFD

Fondssaoudienpour le developpement- SFD

Societyfor InternationalDevelopment- SID

Socleteintemationalepour le developpement- SID

SouthernAfricanDevelopmentCo-ordinationConference- SADCC
Conf6rencepour la coordinationdu developpementde l'Afriqueaustrale- SADCC

SwedishInternationalDevelopmentAuthority- SIDA
Agencesu6doisede developpementinternational- SIDA

SwissDevelopmentCorporation- SDC
Societesuissede d6veloppement- SSD

UnitedNationsCapitalDevelopmentFund- UNCDF
Fondsd'6quipementdes NationsUnies- FENU

UnitedNationsCentrefor HumanSettlements- HABITAT

Centredes NationsUniespour les 6tablissementshumains- HABITAT

UnitedNationsCentreon TransnationalCorporations- UNCTC

Centredes NationsUniessur les societestransnationales
- UNCTC

UnitedNationsChildren'sFund- UNICEF
Fonds des NationsUniespour l'enfance- FISE

UnitedNationsConferenceon Scienceand Technologyfor Development- UNCSTD

Conferencedes NationsUniessur la scienceet la techniqueau servicedu d6veloppement- UNCSTD
 - 434 -

UnitedNationsConferenceon Tradeand Development- UNCTAD

Conferencedes NationsUniessur le commerceet le developpement- CNUCED

UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram- UNDP
Programmedes NationsUniespour le developpement- PNUD

UnitedNationsEducational,ScientHfic
and CulturalOrganization- UNESCO
Organisationdes NationsUniespour l'education,la scienceet la culture- Unesco

UnitedNationsEmergencyOperations- UNEO
Operationd'urgencedes NationsUnies

UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme- UNEP
Programmedes NationsUniespour 1'environnement- PNUE

UnitedNationsFinancingSystemfor Scienceand Technologyfor Development- UNFSTD

Systbmede financementdes NationsUniespour la scienceet la techniqueau servicedu developpement

UnitedNationsFundfor PopulationActivities- UNFPA

Fondsdes NationsUniespour les activitesen matierede population- FNUAP

UnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganization- UNIDO
Organisationdes NationsUniespour le d6veloppementindustriel- ONUDI

UnitedNationsInstitutefor Trainingand Research- UNITAR

Institutdes NationsUniespour la formationet la recherche- UNITAR

UnitedNationsInterim Fundon Scienceand Technologyfor Development- UNIFSTD

Fondsinterimairedes NationsUniespour la scienceet la techniqueau servicedu developpement- FINUSTD

UnitedNationsOfficefor EmergencyOperationsin Africasee Officefor EmergencyOperationsin Africa

UnitedNationsSudano-SahelianOffice- UNSO
Bureaudes NationsUniespour la regionsoudano-sahelienne
- UNSO

WestAfricanDevelopmentBank- BOAD
Banqueouest-africainede developpement- BOAD

WestAfricanMonetaryUnion- UMOA,WAMU
Unionmonetaireouest-africaine- WAMU

**West Africa RiceDevelopmentAssociation- WARDA

Associationpour le d6veloppementde la rizicultureen Afriquede l'Ouest- ADRAO

*World Bank
Banquemondiale

World EnergyConference- WEC

C.-.erence mondialede l'energie- CME
 - 435 -

WorldFood Council- WFC

Conseilmondialde I'alimentation- WFC

WorldFood Programme- WFP

Programmealimentairemondial- PAM

World HealthOrganization- WHO

Organisationmondialede la sante- OMS

,1
I
Acronyms (English)
Sigles (anglais)
 - 439-

Acronyms(EnaIIsh)/IS/les(anglals)

AADFI Associationof AfricanDevelopmentFinanceInstitutions

AADT annualaveragedaily traffic
ABEDA Arab Bankfor EconomicDevelopmentIn Africa
ACP African,Caribbeanand PacificStates
ACP African,Caribbeanand Pacific
ACSAD Arab Centrefor the Studiesof Arid Zonesand Dry Lands
ADAB AustralianDevelopmentAssistanceBureau
ADB AfricanDevelopmentBank
ADB Asian DevelopmentBank
ADC AndeanDevelopmentCorporation
ADF AfricanDevelopmentFund
ADFAED Abu DhabiFundfor Arab EconomicDevelopment
ADT averagedaily traffic
AEO agriculturalextensionofficer
AfDB AfricanDevelopmentBank
AfDF AfricanDevelopmentFund
AFESD Arab Fundfor Economicand SocialDevelopment
AGCD BelgianAdministrationfor DevelopmentCooperation
AIC averageincrementalcost
AID (UnitedStates)Agencyfor InternationalDevelopment
AIDS acquiredimmune-deficiecysyndrome
ALADI LatinAmericanIntegrationAssociation
AMSC AfricanManagementServicesCompany
AMTIESA Associationof ManagementTrainingInstitutesof Eastemand SouthemAfrica
APD agriculturalpricedeflator
APDF AfricanProjectDevelopmentFacility
APPER Africa'sPriorityProgrammefor EconomicRecovery
ARD agricultureand ruraldevelopment
ARI accountingrate of Interest
ASAL agriculturalsectoradjustmentloan
AsDB AsianDevelopmentBank
AT appropriatetechnology
AU animalunit
BCEAO CentralBankof WestAfricanStates
bdoe barrelsper day of oil equivalent
BEAC Bankof CentralAfricanStates
BIS Bankfor InternationalSettlement
BOAD WestAfricanDevelopmentBank
BOD biochemicaloxygendemand
BOD5 biochemicaloxygendemandover five days
boe barrelsof oil equivalent
BTO back-to-officereport
BTU BritishThermalUnit
CABEI CentralAmericanBankfor EconomicIntegration
CACM CentralAmericanCommonMarket
 - 440 -

CAD cashagainstdocuments
CAD computeraided deslgn
CAI computeraided Instruction
CAM computeraidedmanufacture
CAM countryassistancemanagement
CARIBANK CaribbeanDevelopmentBank
CARICOM CaribbeanCommunity
CB current blend
CBF CentralBankFacility
CBR crude birth rate
CCCE CalsseCentralede CooporationEconomique
CCF consumptionconversionfactor
CCL critical consumptionlevel
CDB CaribbeanDevelopmentBank
CDC CommonwealthDevelopmentCorporation
CEM country economicmemorandum
CEMLA Centerfor LatinAmericanMonetaryStudies
CES constantelasticityof substitution
CESW countryeconomicand sectorwork
CGCED CaribbeanGroupfor Cooperationin EconomicDevelopment
CGE computablegeneralequilibrium model
CGIAR ConsultativeGroup on InternationalAgriculturalResearch
CHW communityhealthworker
CIAT InternationalCenterfor TropicalAgriculture
CIDA CanadianInternationalDevelopmentAgency
CIF cost, Insuranceand freight
CILSS PermanentInter-StateCommitteefor DroughtControlIn the Sahel
CIMMYT InternationalCenterfor Maizeand WheatImprovement
CIP InternationalPotatoCenter
CIR country Implementationreview
CKD completelyknockeddown
CMEA Councilfor MutualEconomicAssistance
CMS World BankCapitalMarketsSystem
c.o.b. closeof business
CODAM Committeeon Directors'AdministrativeMatters
COLTS ContinuouslyOfferedLonger-TermSecuritles
COMECON Councilfor MutualEconomicAssistance
c/p charterparty
CPE centrallyplannedeconomy
CPI consumerprice index
CPM critical path method
CPP countryprogrampaper
CRF capitalrecoveryfactor
CRI consumptionrate of Interest
DAC DevelopmentAssistanceCommittee(OECD)
DACON Data on ConsultingFirms
DANIDA DanishInternationalDevelopmentAgency
DCF discountedcash flow
DEL direct exchangeline
 - 441 -

DFC developmentfinancecompany
DFI developmentfinanceinstitution
DOD debt outstandingand disbursed
DRC domesticresourcecost
DRCC domesticresourcecost coefficient
DUP directlyunproductiveprofnseekingactivities
DWr deadweighttonnage
EAL export adjustmentloan
EC EuropeanCommunities
ECA EconomicCommissionfor Africa
ECE EconomicCommissionfor Europe
ECLAC EconomicCommissionfor LatinAmericaand the Caribbean
ECU EuropeanCurrencyUnit
EDC ExportDevelopmentCorporation(Canada)
EDF EuropeanDevelopment Fund
EDF export developmentfund
EDI EconomicDevelopmentInstitute
EDT total externaldebt
EEC EuropeanEconomicCommunity
EEZ exclusiveeconomiczone
EFT electronicfundstransfer
EGS exportsof goodsand services
EIB EuropeanInvestmentBank
EIRR economicinternalrate of return
EMGF EmergingMarketsGrowthFund
ENVP net presentvaluein efficiencyprices
EPC effectiveprotectioncoefficient
EPP equivalentpurchasingpower
EPS ExecutiveProjectSummary
EPZ export processingzone
ERL economicrecoveryloan
ERL emergencyreconstructionloan
ERP ExportRehabilitationProject
ERR economicrate of return
ESAMI Easternand SouthernAfricanManagementInstitute
ESCAP Economicand SocialCommissionfor Asiaand the Pacffic
ESMAP EnergySectorManagement AssistanceProgramme
ESW economicand sectorwork
EUA EuropeanUnit of Account
FAC Fondsd'Aide et de Cooperation
FAO Food and AgriculturalOrganizationof the UnitedNations
FAS freealongsideship
FCL full containerload
FFB freshfruit bunch
FIAS ForeignInvestmentAdvisoryService
FIFO first in, first out
FIL financialintermediaryloan
FINNIDA FinnishDepartmentof InternationalDevelopmentCooperation
fio free in and out
 - 442 -

FIRR financialInternalrate of return

FOB,fob free on boardfoqfreeon quay
fow free on wharf
FSR farmingsystemsresearch
FTZ freetradezone
GAMS GeneralAlgebraicModelingSystem
GATT GeneralAgreementon Tariffsand Trade
GCI GeneralCapitalIncrease
GDI gross domesticInvestment
GDP gross domesticproduct
GDY grossdomesticIncome
GFCF grossfixed capitalformation
GMP gross materialproduct
GNI gross nationalInvestment
GNP grossnationalproduct
GNY gross nationalincome
GRIP GuaranteedRecoveryof InvestmentPrincipal
GRT gross (register)tonnage
GSP GeneralizedSystemof Preferences
GTZ GermanAgencyfor TechnicalCooperation
GW gigawatt
HABITAT UnitedNationsCentrefor HumanSettlements
HDM HighwaysDesignand MaintenanceModel
HES householdexpendituresurvey
HFCS high fructosecorn syrup
HW high yieldingvariety
IAEA InternationalAtomic EnergyAgency
IARC internationalagriculturalresearchcenters
IBF Internationalbankingfacility
IBPGR InternationalBoardfor PlantGeneticResources
IBRD InternationalBankfor Reconstructionand Development
ICAO InternationalCivilAviationOrganization
ICARDA InternationalCenterfor AgriculturalResearchin the Dry Areas
ICAs internationalcommodityagreements
ICB internationalcompetitivebidding
ICIPE InternationalCentreof InsectPhysiologyand Ecology
ICOR incrementalcapital-outputratio
ICOs internationalcommodityorganizations
ICP IntemationalComparisonProject
ICRISAT InternationalCrops ResearchInstitutefor the Semi-AridTropics
ICSID InternationalCenterfor Settlementof InvestmentDisputes
IDA InternationalDevelopmentAssociation
IDB Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank
IDC interestduring construction
IDF industrialdevelopmentand finance
IDRC InternationalDevelopmentResearchCentre
IDS InternationalDevelopmentStrategy
IEA InternationalEnergyAgency
IEC Information-education-communication (loan)
 - 443-

IFAD InternationalFundfor AgriculturalDevelopment

IFC InternationalFinanceCorporation
IFIs intemationalfinancialinstitutlons
IFPRI InternationalFood Policy ResearchInstitute
IITA InternationalInstituteof TropicalAgriculture
ILCA InternationalLivestockCentrefor Africa
ILO InternationalLabourOffice
ILO InternationalLabourOrganization
ILRAD InternationalLaboratoryfor Researchon Animal Diseases
IM initiatingmemorandum
IMF InternationalMonetaryFund
IMO InternationalMaritimeOrganisation
iPF IndicativePlanningFigures
IPPF InternationalPlannedParenthoodFederation
IRR Internalrate of return
IRRI IntemationalRice ResearchInstitute
IsDB IslamicDevelopmentBank
ISIC IntemationalStandardIndustrlalClassificationof All EconomicActivitles
ISNAR InternationalServicefor NationalAgriculturalResearch
ITPA industrialand trade policy adjustment
ITPAL industrialand trade policy adjustmentloan
ITU InternationalTelecommunications Union
KFAED KuwaktFundfor Arab EconomicDevelopment
KfW KreditanstaltfGrWiederaufbau
LBO leveragedbuyout
LCB local competitivebidding
LCL less than carloadfreight
LCL less than containerload
LDC less developedcountry
LER land equivalent,equivalencyratio
LIB llmited Internationalbidding
LIBOR LondonInterbankofferedrate
LIFO last In, first out
LLDCs least developedcountries
LMBO leveragedmanagementbuyout
LMIC lower middleIncomecountry
LNG liquefiednaturalgas
LPG liquefiedpetroleumgas
LRAIC long-runaverageincrementalcost
LRMC long-run marginalcost
LTB long-termblendedcost rate
LTPR long-termprime rate
M&E monitoringand evaluation
MAI meanannualIncrement
mbdoe millionsof barrelsper day oil equivalent
MBO managementby objectives
MCC marginalcapacitycost
MCH maternaland child health
MCH motherand child health
 -444-

MFA MultifibreArrangement
MFN most-favored-nation
MGS imports of goodsand services
MIBOR MadridInterbankofferedrate
MIGA MultilateralInvestmentGuaranteeAgency
MIIA MultilateralInvestmentInsuranceAgency
MIS managementinformationsystem
MOF muftioptionfacility
MON motor octane number
MOV maintenanceof value
MSAs most seriouslyaffectedcountries
MSY maximumsustainableyield
MTN multilateraltrade negotiations
MTR MidtermReview
MUV (WorldBank)ManufacturingUnit Value
MYRA multiyearreschedulingarrangement
n.a. not applicable
n.a. not available
NER net energy ratio
n.e.s. not elsewherespecified
n.f.s. non-factorservices
NGL natural gasliquids
NGO non-governmental organization
NIC newly industrializedcountry
NIC newly industrializingcountry
NIEO New InternationalEconomicOrder
n.i.e. not includedelsewhere
NIF note issuancefacility
NMDC NetherlandsMinistryfor DevelopmentCooperation
NMP net materialproduct
NORAD NorwegianAgencyfor InternationalDevelopment
NPC nominalprotectioncoefficient
NPV net presentvalue
NPW net presentworth
NRR net reproductionrate
NRT net registertonnage
O& M Operations& Maintenance
O&M organization& methods
OAS Organizationof AmericanStates
OAU Organizationof AfricanUnity
OCAM CommonAfricanand MauritianOrganization
OCT overseascountriesand territories
ODA OverseasDevelopmentAdministration(UnitedKingdom)
ODA officialdevelopmentassistance
OECD Organizationfor EconomicCooperationand Development
OECF OverseasEconomicCooperationFund (Japan)
OECS Organizationof EasternCaribbeanStates
OEOA Officefor EmergencyOperationsin Africa
OFR on-farmresearch
 - 445 -

OLADE LatinAmericanEnergyOrganization
OLS ordinaryleastsquares
OMA orderlymarketingarrangements
OMS OperationalManualStatement
OOF otherofficialflows
OPAS OperationalAssistance
OPEC Organizationof PetroleumExportingCountries
ORT oral rehydrationtherapy
o/w of which
PAG PreparatoryAssistanceto the Govemment(Mission)
PAHO PanAmericanHealthOrganization
PAYE pay-as-you-earn
PCR projectcompletionreport
PEARL publicenterpriseadministrationand reformloan
PEM protein-energy malnutrition
PER price-earningratio; P/E ratio
PERL publicenterpriserationalizationloan
PERL publicenterprisereformloan
PERL publicenterpriserehabilitationloan
PERT programevaluationand reviewtechnique
PFP PolicyFrameworkPaper
PIB ProjectInformationBrief
PIR projectimplementation review
PKD partlyknockeddown
PMU projectmanagementunit
PPAM project performanceaudit memorandum
PPAR projectperformanceauditreport
PPBS planning,programming,budgetingsystem
PPF ProjectPreparationFacility
PPR PerformancePlanningand Review
PPR projectperformancereport
PQLI PhysicalQualityof Life Index
PTO powertake-off
PTR pupil-teacherratio;
PVO privatevoluntaryorganization
R& D researchand development
RFP requestfor proposal
RIC reconstructionimport credit
RMSM revisedminimumstandardmodel
ROA returnon assets
ROC returnon capital
ROE returnon equity
ROI returnon investment
ro/ro roll-on/roll-off
RTA reimbursable technicalassistance
RUF revolvingunderwritingfacility
SAD sectoradjustmentloan
SADCC SouthernAfricanDevelopmentCo-ordinationConference
SAL structuraladjustmentlending
 -446-

SAM socialaccountingmatrix
SAMA SaudiArabianMonetaryAgency
SAP (WorldBank)Programof SpeclalAssistance(to MemberCountries)
SAR staffappraisalreport
SBC social benefit-costratio
SCF standardconversionfactor
SCI selectivecapitalIncrease
SCI specialcapitalincrease
SDC SwissDevelopmentCorporation
SECAL sectoradjustmentloan
SES soclo-economicstatus
SFA SpecialFacilityfor Africa
SFD Saudi Fundfor Development
SFSA SpecialFacilityfor SubsaharanAfrica
SIBOR Singaporeinterbankoffer rate
SID Societyfor InternationalDevelopment
SIDA SwedishInternationalDevelopmentAuthority
SIL specKifcInvestmentloan
SIM sector Investmentand maintenanceloan
SIR sector implementationreview
SITC StandardInternationalTradeClassification
SKD semi-knockeddown
SLL sustainable level of lending
SME small and mediumenterprises
SMI small and mediumIndustries
SMS subject matterspecialist
SMSE small-and medium-scaleenterprises
SMSI small-and medium-scaleIndustries
$NPV social net presentvalue
SOE statementof expenditure
SOE state-ownedenterprise
SPAAR SpecialProgramfor AfricanAgriculturalResearch
SPPF SpeclalProjectPreparationFacility
SRR socialrate of return
SSE small-scaleenterprise
SSI small-scaleIndustry
SSWR socialshadowwage rate
Stabex Systemfor the stabilizationof ACP and OCTmining products
STD subscribertrunk dialing
SWP StaffWorkingPaper
Sysmin Specialfinancingfacilityfor ACP and OCTmining products
T &V Training& Visit
TAC TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee
TAL technicalassistanceloan
TCDC technicalcooperationamongdevelopingcountries
tce ton of coal equivalent
TDR SpecialProgrammefor Researchand Trainingin TropicalDiseases
TEI technicalefficiencyindex
TEU twentyequivalentunits
 - 447 -

toe ton of oil equivalent

TOU time-of-use
TPC tax-paidcost
TPM TriggerPriceMechanism
TSP triplesuperphosphate
UA unitof account
UAMBD AfricanandMauritianUnionof Development Banks
UDEAC CentralAfricanCustoms andEconomicUnion
UFS usefulfarmspace
ULV ultralowvolume
UMIC uppermiddleincomecountry
UMOA WestAfricanMonetaryUnion
UNCDF UnitedNationsCapitalDevelopment Fund
UNCSTD UnitedNationsConference on ScienceandTechnology for Development
UNCTAD UnitedNationsConference on TradeandDevelopment
UNCTC UnitedNationsCentreon Transnational Corporations
UNDP UnitedNationsDevelopment Program
UNEO UnitedNationsEmergency Operations
UNEP UnitedNationsEnvironment Programme
UNESCO UnitedNationsEducational, Scientific
andCulturalOrganization
UNFPA UnitedNationsFundfor Population Activities
UNFSTD UnitedNationsFinancing Systemfor ScienceandTechnology for Development
UNICEF UnitedNationsChildren'sFund
UNIDO UnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopment Organization
UNIFSTD UnitedNationsInterimFundon ScienceandTechnology for Development
UNITAR UnitedNationsInstitute for TrainingandResearch
UN-PAAERDUnitedNationsProgramme of Actionfor AfricanEconomicRecovery and Development,
1986-1990
UNSO UnitedNationsSudano-Sahelian Office
URR ultimaterecoverable reserves
USAID (UnitedStates)Agencyfor International Development
VAT value-added tax
VER voluntaryexportrestraints
VEW villageextension worker
VIP ventilated improvedpit
VLOM villageleveloperation andmaintenance
VLW villagelevelworker
VOC vehicleoperating costs
WAM WestAfricanMonetary Union
WARDA WestAfricaRiceDevelopment Association
WDIs WorldDevelopment Indicators
WEC WorldEnergyConference
WFC WorldFoodCouncil
WFP WorldFoodProgramme
WHO WorldHealthOrganization
wrP willingness to pay
YTM yieldto maturity
ZBB zerobasebudgeting
ZEO zoneextension officer
ZPG zeropopulationgrowth
Acronyms (French)
Sigles (franvais)
: #~~~~~~~~
 - 451 -

Sicles (frangais)/Acronyms(French)

MSP autresapportsdu secteurpublic

ACDI Agencecanadiennede developpementinternational
ACP Etatsde l'Afrique,des Caraibeset du Pacifique
ACP Afrique,Caraibes,Pacifique
ADAB Bureauaustraliend'aideau developpement
ADEF agenced'evaluationfinanciere
ADRAO Associationpour le d6veloppementde la rizicultureen Afriquede l'Ouest
AGCD Administrationgeneralede la cooperationau developpement(Belgique)
AIAFD Associationdes institutionsafricainesde financementdu d6veloppement
AID Agencepour le d6veloppementinternational
AIE Agenceinternationalede l'6nergie
AIEA Agenceinternationalede l'6nergieatomique
ALADI Associationlatino-americaine d'integration
AMF Arrangementmultifibres
AMGI Agencemultilateralede garantiedes investissements
AMSC Societ6de servicesde gestionpour l'Afrique
APD aide publiqueau d6veloppement
APD avant-projetdetaiII6
APDF Servicede promotionet de developpementdes investissements en Afrique
APS avant-projet;avant-projetsommaire
ASOP assistanceoperationnelle
AW agent de vulgarisationde village
BAD Banqueafricainede developpement
BADEA Banquearabepour le d6veloppementeconomiqueen Afrique
BAsD Banqueasiatiquede developpement
BBZ budget basez6ro
BCEAO Banquecentraledes Etatsde l'Afriquede l'Ouest
BCIE Banquecentream6ricaine d'int6gration6conomique
BDC Banquede d6veloppementdes Carahbes
BEAC Banquedes Etatsde l'Afriquecentrale
BEI Banqueeuropeenned'investissement
bep barilsequivalentpetrole
BID Banqueinteramericainede developpement
BIRD Banqueinternationalepour la reconstructionet le developpement
BIsD Banqueislamiquede developpement
BIT Bureauinternationaldu travail
blep barilspar lour equivalentpetrole
BOAD Banqueouest-africainede developpement
BRI Banquedes reglementsintemationaux
BTP batimentet travauxpublics
BTU Britishthermalunit
CA conseilleragricole
CAD Comited'aide au d6veloppement
CAEM Conseild'assistance6conomiquemutuelle
c.a.f. coGt,assurance,fret
 - 452 -

CCT Comiteconsultatfftechnique
CDC CommonwealthDevelopmentCorporation
CE Communauteseuropeennes
CEA Commissioneconomiquepour l'Afrique
CEE Commissioneconomiquepour l'Europe
CEE Communaute6conomiqueeuropeenne
CEG colleged'enseignementgen6ral
CEMLA Centred'etudesmonetaireslatino-americaines
CEPALC Commissioneconomiquepour I'Am6riquelatineet les Caraibes
CESAP Commissioneconomiqueet socialepour l'Asie et le Pacifique
CGIAR Groupeconsultatifpour la rechercheagricoleinternationale
CIAT Centreinternationald'agriculturetropicale
CILSS Comitepermanentinter-Etatsde lutte contre la s6cheressedans le Sahel
CIMMYT Centreinternationalpour l'ameliorationdu maTset du b1l
cip chiffresindicatifsde planification
CIP Centreinternationalde la pommede terre
CIPEA Centreinternationalpour l'elevageen Afrique
CIRA centresinternationauxde rechercheagricole
CIRDI Centreinternationalpour le reglementdes difflrends relatifsaux investissements
CIRPG Conseilinternationaldes ressourcesphytogenetiques
CITI Classificationinternationaletype, par industrie,de toutesles branchesd'activit6economique
CKD en piecesdetach6es
CME Conferencemondialede l'energie
CNUCED Conferencedes NationsUniessur le commerceet le developpement
COLTS papiera terme offerten permanence
COMECON Conseild'assistanceeconomiquemutuelle
COS coefficientd'occupationdes sols
CRDI Centrede recherchespour le d6veloppementinternational
CSE coefficientde subventioneffective
CTCI ClassWication type pour le commerceinternational
CTPD cooperationtechniqueentre pays en developpement
DACON r6pertoireinformatiquesur les consultants
DANIDA Agencedanoisede d6veloppementinternational
DBO demandebiochimiqueen oxygene
DBO5 demandebiochimiqueen oxygenesur 5 jours
DPO directionpar objectifs
EAO enseignementassistbpar ordinateur
ECU unite mon6taireeuropeenne
EENV exploitationet entretienau niveaudu village
EGP 6lectroniquegrand public
ESAMI Easternand SouthemAfricanManagementInstitute
ESMAP Programmeconjoint PNUD/Banquemondialed'assistance lla gestiondu secteur6nergetique
EVP equivalentvingt pieds
FAA Fondsd'aide a l'Afrique
FAC Fondsd'aide et de cooperation
FAD Fondsafricainde developpement
FADDEA Fondsd'Abu Dhabipour le developpementeconomiquearabe
FADES Fondsarabede developpementeconomlqueet social
FAO Organisationdes NationsUniespour l'alimentationet I'agriculture
 - 453-

FAO fabricationassist6epar ordinateur

FBCF formationbrute de capitalfixe
FDE fonds de d6veloppementdes exportations
FED Fonds europeende d6veloppement
FENU Fondsd'6quipementdes NationsUnies
FIAS ServiceconsultatHf pour les investissements etrangers
FIDA Fonds internationalde developpementagricole
FINNIDA DUpartementfinlandaispour la cooperationintemationaleau d6veloppement
FINUSTD Fonds interimairedes NationsUniespour la scienceet la techniqueau servicedu
developpement
FISE Fondsdes NationsUniespour 1'enfance
FLB franco long du bord
FMI Fonds mon6taireinternational
FNUAP Fondsdes NationsUniespour les actit6s en matierede population
f.o.b. franco a bord
GATT Accord g6n6ralsur les tarifs douanierset le commerce
GNL gaz naturalliquefi6
GPL gaz de petroleliquefie
GRAI Garantiede recouvrementde I'apportdes investisseurs
GTZ Officeallemandde la CooperationTechnique
HABITAT Centredes NationsUniespour les etablissementshumains
h.t. hors taxe
ICARDA Centreinternationalde rechercheagricoledans leszones arides
ICIPE Centreinternationalsur la physiologieet l'cologle des insectes
ICRISAT Institut internationalde recherchesur les culturesdes zonestropicalessemi-arides
IDA Associationintemationalede developpement
IDE Institutde d6veloppementeconomIque
IES infrastructureeconomiqueet sociale
IFD institutionde financementdu d6veloppement
IFNB institutionfinancierenon bancaire
IFPRI Institutinternationalde recherchesur les poiltiquesalimentalres
IITA Institutinternationald'agriculturetropicale
INB investissement nationalbrut
IPC indicedes prix & la consommation
IRRI Institutinternationalde recherchessur le riz
KFAED Fonds koweftienpour le d6veloppementeconomiquearabe
KfW Kreditanstaltfur Wiederaufbau
LGN liquidesde gaz naturel
LIRMA Laboratoireinternationalde recherchesur les maladiesdes animaux
MBA margebrute d'autofinancement
mbepj millionsde barilsd'6quivalentpetrolepar Jour
MCAC Marchecommund'Ameriquecentrale
MCD Ministerede la coop6rationpour le developpement(Pays-Bas)
MCS matricede comptabilitesociale
MS matiereseche
n.c. non connu
n.d.a. non denomm6ailleurs
n.i.a. non inclusailleurs
NORAD Agencenorv6giennede developpementInternational
 - 454 -

NPI nouveaupays industriel

O &M organisationet methodes
OACI Organisationde l'aviationcivile internationale
OCAM Organisationcommuneafricaineet mauricienne
OCDE Organisationde cooperationet de developpementeconomiques
o/d origineet destination
ODA OverseasDevelopmentAdministration(Royaume-Uni)
OEA Organisationdes Etatsamericains
OEAO Organisationdes Etatsdes Antillesorientales
OECF Fondsde coop6rationeconomiqued'outre-mer
OIT OrganisationInternationaledu travail
OLADE Organisationlatino-am6ricalne de l'6nergle
OMI Organisationmaritimeinternationale
OMS Organisationmondialede la sante
ONG organisationnon gouvernementale
ONUDI Organisationdes NationsUniespour le developpementindustriel
o.p. ouvrierprofessionnel
OPA offre publiqued'achat
OPEP Organisationdes pays exportateursde p6trole
OPS Organisationpanamericainede la sante
3.S. ouvrier sp6cialis6
OTV obligationa taux variable
OUA Organisationde l'unit6africaine
PAGE ProgrammeconjointPNUD/Banquemondialed'assistancea la gestiondu secteurenergetique
PAM Programmealimentairemondial
PAO pubicationassist6epar ordinateur
PAPIC pret a l'alustementde la politiqueindustrielleet commerciale
PAS pret a l'ajustementstructurel
PASA pret a l'ajustementdu secteuragricole
PCI Projetde comparaisoninternational
PCT panachagea court terme
PERT techniqued'6valuationet de contr6ledes programmes
PIB produit interieurbrut
PIBE productioninterieurebrute
PLT panachagede longterme
PMA pays les moins avances
PMI petiteset moyennesindustries
PMI protectionmaternelleet infantile
PMN produit mat6rielnet
PNB produktnationalbrut
PNUD Programmedes NationsUniespour le d6veloppement
PNUE Programmedes NationsUniespour 1'environnement
POS plan d'occupationdes sols
PPF Mecanismede financementde la preparationdes projets
PRITS pays a revenuinterm6diaire,tranchesuperieure
PSRAA Programmespecialpour la rechercheagricoleen Afrique
PTOM Payset territoiresd'outre-mer
RAP rapportd'achevementdu projet
RCB rationalisationdes choix budgetaires
 - 455-

RDB revenudisponiblebrut
RERP rapportd'evaluationretrospectivedu projet
RES reprised'entreprisepar les salarlis
RIR reservesWd6alement r6cup6rables
RSC r6seaude soinscoordonn6s
SAD Socl6teandinede d6veloppement
SADCC Conf6rencepour la coordinationdu d6veloppementde I'Afriqueaustrale
SAMA Agencemonetairede I'Arablesaoudite
SAU superficieagricole utile
SEE Societ6pour 1'expansiondes exportations
SFD Fondssaoudienpour le developpement
SFD societede financementde d6veloppement
SFI Socl6t6financilre Internatlonale
SGP systemeg6neralis6de preferences
SICAV socilte d'investissement & capitalvariable
SID Soci6t6internationalepour le d6veloppement
SIDA Agencesu6doisede developpementInternational
SIDA syndromed'immunod6ficience acquise
SIRAN ServiceInternationalde la rechercheagricolenationale
SKD en piecesseml-mont6es
s.o. sansobjet
SPPF M6canismespeclalde financementde la preparationdes projets
SSD Socilte suissede d6veloppement
toc tonne 6quivalentcharbon
TEE tableau6conomiqued'ensemble
TEN taux d'energienette
tep tonne 6quivalentp6trole
tes tableauentrees/sorties
TIC taux d'lnt6rdtcomptable
TNR taux net de reproduction
tof tableaudes operationsfinancilres
tpl tonnesde port en lourd
TS technicienspecialis6
TVA taxe a la valeurajout6e
U.C. unitecapitalisable
UAMBD Unionafricaineet mauriciennede banquespour le developpement
UBT unitebovin tropical
UC unRtede compte
UCE unitRde compte europeenne
UDEAC Uniondouaniereet economiquede l'Afriquecentrale
UF unRefourragere
UGB unit6gros bWtail
UIT Unioninternationaledes telecommunicatlons
UNCSTD Conferencedes NationsUniessur la scienceet la techniqueau servicedu d6veloppement
UNCTC Centredes NationsUniessur les soci6testransnationales
UNESCO Organisationdes NationsUniespour l'education,la scienceet la culture
UNITAR Instftutdes NationsUniespour la formationet la recherche
UNSO Bureaudes NationsUniespour la r6gionsoudano-sahelienne
USAID Agencedes Etats-Unispour le developpementinternational
 - 456 -

VAN valur actuellenette

VHR varl6te& haut rendement
WAMU Unionmon4taireouest-aficalne
WFC Consel mondbl de I'alimentation
 THEWORLDBANK

Headquarters European Office TokyoOffice

1818H Street,N.W. 66, avenued'lina Kokusai Building
Washington,D.C.20433,USA 75116Paris,France 1-1,Marunouchi 3-chome
Telephone:
(202)477-1234 Telephone:(1) 40.69.30.00 Chiyoda-ku,Tokyo100,Japan
Facsimile:
(202)477-6391 Facsimile:
(1) 47.20.19.66 Telephone:(3) 214-5001
Telex:WUI64145WORLDBANK Telex:842-620628 Facsimile:
(3) 214-3657
RCA248423WORLDBK Telex:781-26838
CableAddress:INTBAFRAD
WASHINGTONDC

This new edition of The World Bank Cettenouvelleeditiondu Glossaire de la

Glossary is a thorough revisionand ex-
pansionof its predecessors.In addition
to numerous terms in economicsand
finance, it contains terminologycomr-
mon to such sectors of Bank work as
agriculture, education, energy, high-
ways,contracts,watersupply,urban de-
velopment,minerals,publichealth,and
transport.
Also added to this editionare a list of
acronymsfrequentlyfoundin Banktexts
and a list of international,regional,and
national organizations.
The glossaryhas been dividedinto two
volumes-Volume I in English-French
and French-Englishand VolumeII in
English-Spanishand Spanish-English.
Otherglossariespublishedby the World
Bank are Termiznology of Forestryand
RelatedSubjectsin English-Frenchand
French-English,PopulationTerminolo-
Glossary
gy in English-French-Spanish,
of lrbanInfrastructureMaintenancein
English-French-Spanish,and Terminol-
ogy of WaterSupply and Environmen-
tal Sanitation in English-Frenchand
French-English.A Glossaryof Finance
and Debt Terminology in English-
French-Spanishis forthcoming.
Banquemondiale,entierementrevueet
considerablementaugment&e,contient,
outre de nombreuxtermeseconomiques
et financiers,des mots ou expressions
que l'on trouve courammentdans des
documentssectorielsde la Banquesur
l'agriculture, I'education,l'energie, les
routes, la passation de marches, I'ali-
mentationen eau, l'urbanisme,les in-
dustries extractives, la sante publique,
les transports,etc.
On y trouvera egalement une liste de
sigles qui reviennent frequemment dans
les textes de la Banque et une liste
d'organisationsinternationales,region-
ales et nationales.
Ce glossaire comprenddeux volumes,
dontle premierest en anglais-francaiset
francais-anglaiset le seconden anglais-
espagnol et espagnol-anglais.
La Banque a deja publie quatre autres
glossaires: Terminologiede lapprovi-
sionnement en eau et de l'assainisse-
ment du milieu langlais-franFaiset
francais-anglais),Clossaire de lentre-
tien de l'infrastructureurbaine(anglais-
francais-espagnol),Terminologiefores-
tiere et vocabulaireconnexe (anglais-
francais et francais-anglais)et Termi-
nologie de la population (anglais-
fransais-espagnol).Un Glossairedes fi-
nances et de la dette (anglais-fransais-
espagnol)paraitra prochainement.

ISBN 0-8213-17334