1.

1s , 20 C. 30 C,
; ( ).

: 9.45.10-5s

2. . (a)

= . ; (b)
1 g/cm3 4C. 10C 0.9997g/cm3.
;

: (b) =510-5 C-1.

3.
V (
).

.

.
,

h,
:

= 3

4.

( ). (a)
n mol ,
h
. (b)
h, n= 0.2 mol, T= 400 K, A= 0.008 m2
m= 20 kg;

A: (a) = , (b) 0.662 m.

1
5. 40 cm
50 cm
20 C 1 atm.

, 20
kg,

. ,
75 kg

( 20
C), (
). (a) (h)
( ); (b)

h0 ;

.: a) h=7.06mm, b) 297.

6. 1 mol

.
.
(ab),
(bc) ,
(ca). = 300 ,
Pa= 5 atm Pb= 1 atm,

.

: -2.02 kJ.

7.
, 1
m3, ,
P=V2, =5 atm/m6
( ).
;

: -1.18106 J.

8. mol 1 atm
300 K.
400 . mol, ,

2
 Cp= 2.5 R.
R: (a) , (b)
(c)
.

: (a) -100R, (b) 250!, (c) 150!.

9. , 30 cm,
2 cm. 5 C
25 C. 5 kg
8 h ,
.

: 0.107 W/m. C.

10. mol . ,
P0, V0 0, .

PV: (a)
, (b)
, (c)
.

: () P0V0/2, (b) 1.39P0V0, (c) 0

11. , 1 mol
300 209 J . (a)
, (b) , (c)
.

: (a) 209 J, (b) 0, (c) 317 K.

12. m V
: u, 2u, 3u,
4u, 5u, 6u 7u. (a)
, (b) , (c) .

: (a) 3.65u, (b) 3.99u, (c) 3u .