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Universidad Central del Caribe

School of Medicine

Student's Name: Date:

Abdominal Examination Checklist

A. GENERAL INFORMATION

____ 1. Introduce yourself.


____ 2. Explain procedure.
____ 3. Gain cooperation of the patient (ensure confidentiality).
____ 4. Ask for permission to proceed.
____ 5. Identify related history (abdominal pain).
____ 6. Identify past history/family history.
____ 7. Wash hands before starting examination.

B. INSPECTION

____ 8. Observe for skin surface characteristics.


____ 9. Observe for venous return patterns if veins are visible.
____10. Observe contour, symmetry and surface motion.
____11. Inspect abdominal muscle as patient raises head to detect
presence of masses, hernia, and separation of muscles.

C. AUSCULTATION

____12. Auscultate with diaphragm of stethoscope for bowel sounds in all


four quadrants.
____13. Auscultate with diaphragm of stethoscope for friction rubs over liver
and spleen.
____14. Auscultate with bell of stethoscope for venous hum in epigastric
area and around umbilicus.
____15. Auscultate with bell of stethoscope for bruits over aorta, iliac, renal
and femoral arteries.

D. PERCUSSION

____16. Percuss all four quadrants or regions of the abdomen for a sense of
overall tympany or dullness.
____17. Percuss liver borders to estimate span.
____18. Percuss splenic dullness in left midaxillary line.
Rev. December 2013
____19. Percuss gastric air bubble.
____20. With the patient sitting, percuss the right and left costovertebral
angles for kidney tenderness.

E. PALPATION

____21. Lightly palpate all quadrants for muscular resistance, tenderness


and masses.
____22. Deeply palpate all quadrants for bulges and masses around the
umbilicus.
____23. Deeply palpate the liver along its costal margin.
____24. Deeply palpate for spleen in left costal margin.
____25. Deeply palpate for right and left kidneys.
____26. Deeply palpate for aortic pulsation in midline.
____27. Elicit the abdominal reflexes.
____28. Check for shifting dullness (have the patient lie on one side and
again percuss for tympany and dullness).
____29. Test for fluid wave (strike one side of the abdomen sharply with the
fingertips).

Rev. December 2013

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