Scribd Logo
Загрузить

Добро пожаловать в Scribd!

  • DummyCamera PDF

    Загружено:

    Manuk Elfaruk
    5 просмотров4 страницы

    Оригинальное название

    DummyCamera.pdf

    Авторское право

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Доступные форматы

    PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd

    Этот документ был вам полезен?

    Это неприемлемый материал?

    Пожаловаться на этот документ

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    5 просмотров4 страницы

    DummyCamera PDF

    Загружено:

    Manuk Elfaruk

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 4
    Perhaps everyone has heard of a pinhole cam- era, and of how it projects a picture ofa distant object upon a ground glass screen. However, the pinhole camera has quite a few serious shortcomings when an attempt is made to use it for a viewfinder or a focusing and composing device in conjunction with a regular camera. First, although all objects in the field of view are in focus, none are very sharp. Secondly, although the size of the image formed by the pin- hole is limited only by the length of the camera, the brightness of the image (which is lowat best) decreases rapidly as the image size is in- creased. The illumination also decreases steadily from the center of the picture to the edges An improvement on the pinhole camera, and one whieh will be found to be quite useful to the ama- teur photographer, ean be made by substituting a simple positive lens in the place of the pinhole. When this lens is of the right size and is mounted properly, the image it produces at small aper- ures is very satisfactory, Such an arrange- ment is shown in Figure 1, entitled the "Straight Dummy Camera." It is called adummy camera because there is no provision made for the use of photographic film, and the lens aperture is open at all times. ‘The distance "fl" in the firure is the focal length, of the lens beine used. Since, with a simple THE DUMMY CAMERA Project No. 9035 Conyrighted 1953 by Edmund Scientific Corp., Barrington, N. J. Jens as well as with a pinhole camera, the clarity of the image decreases steadily with the distance from the picture center, it is common, to strike a happy medium somewhere between ‘the maximum field of view and good image qual- ity. This value is often found by making the largest cross-section dimension of the image ‘equal to the focsl length of the lens. However, since most dummy cameras are used in con- Junctionwith regular cameras, the dummy cam- era lens should have a focal length equal to that of the regular camera lens.If the focal length of the camera lens is not known, the table below will prove useful, To obtain good definition with a simple lens we can turn to a lens design employed in older cameras. This is the landscape type. It is a meniscus lens with an aperture placed between ‘the lens and the subject as shown in Figure 1. ‘The value of "q" should be made about 1/10 of the focal length of the lens to correct for much of the spherical aberration. The spacing "A" is, used to correct for coma. It is best that the individual builder determine the value of "d" after the camera is completed. ‘This is due to thie fact that the correction of coma by spacing of the aperture is dependent upon the residual spherical aberration of the lens. To determine the correct position of the aperture, the proce- dure is as follows: CAMERA NORMAL REMARKS NEGATIVE SIZE FOCAL LENGTH See Edmund's List of Meniscus Lenses —— 139 or 29 mm, 50 mm. Use a positive meniscus lens from 44 to 58 mm. focal length. 127 75 mm. Use a positive meniscus lens from (45/8 x 2-1/2) 70 to 80 mm. focal length. 120 or 620 20 mm. Positive meniscus from 75 to 80 mm (2-1/4 x 2-1/4) focal length. 120 or 620 100 mm. Positive meniscus from 90 to 120 (2-1/4 x 3-1/4) (Average) mm. focal length. * 116 or 616 130 mm Positive meniscus from 120 to 140 (2-1/2 x 4-1/4) (Average) mm. focal length. “Achromatic Meniscus Available - Dia, 16 mm., F.L. 92 mm., Stock No, 6279, Price 50¢. L DRAW TUBE (SLIDE Focus) LIGHT HOOD GROUND GLASS re5 SCREEN S T " x LENS 1 tt —L i DIAPHRAGM, i GROUND GLASS ¥ 7; Y—+— se SCREEN x 1 Nae Se! " LENS. H " BARREL | " L Ut La Lb _- END WiEW STRAIGHT DUMMY CAMERA Be 3 a GLASS SCREEN DIAPHRAGM LENS DRAW yr £. TUBE: of [hase $2 Lens rn = BARREL t CAMERA. ATTACHMENT SHOE REFLEX DUMMY CAMEKA With the aperture positioned in front of the lens, adjust the lens-to ground glass distance such that the image is in sharp focus in the center of the field. 2. With the ground glass in the above po- rion vary the value of "d” by moving the aperture to obtain the best image possible near the edge of the field. With this arrangement most of the lens aberra- tions will be under contref!” Color correction will be reasonably controlleguslit the suggested focal length-clear aperturé"Fatio of 10:1. How- ever for focal lengths of 100 mn‘? dove it may beadvisable to slightly reduc® "q" the size of the aperture. If thif ig the case, it will also be necessary to change*the spacing of the aper- SCREEN FIGURE 1 ture "é" by a small amount. Dummy Camera Construction - We shall list here two basic types of dummy cameras that can be constructed "as is" or altered to suit the individual need. Figure 1 illustrates both types, the "straight dummy" which gives an upside- down image. andthe "reflex dummy" in which the image is right side up although transposed from left to right. ‘The size of the dummy depends upon the focal length of the lens being used. With the "straight dummy" the dimensions A, B, and C should be as follows: Dimension Ais 1/2 inch shorter than the focal length of the lens being used. Grounp ins ‘SCREEN Dimension B is 1/2 inch shorter than Dimen- sion A. Dimension € should be at least 2/3 the fo~ cal length of the lens in order to prevent external light from striking the ground glass. The longer this dimension is, the brighter the image on’ the ground glass screen. The dimensions of the ground glass should be the same as the film size of your camera or, if the dummy is tobe used for other purposes, the largest cross-sectional area of the ground glass should be no larger than the focal length of the lens. ‘The dummy camera frame may be made from 1/4 inch plywood, balsa wood, heavy cardboard, or sheet metal whichever is preferred. If de-

    Вам также может понравиться