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PHYSICS REVIEW

1. Which of the diagrams below represents an atom?

D.
X and Y only

2. When a substance changes from a gas to a liquid, its atoms or molecules

A. double in size.
B. stop moving completely.
C. move slower and are closer together.
D. move faster and are farther apart.
3. A company that makes playground equipment is designing a new swing. The swing will sit in an open
schoolyard that is unprotected from the Sun.
The company wants to use a thermal insulator to make the swing. This is so that the swing will not get so hot
from the Sun that it burns the children when they touch it.
Which of the following materials are thermal insulators the company could use to make the swing?

I. wood II. stainless steel III. plastic IV. rubber

A. I and II only
B. II and IV only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. I, II, and III only
4. Place the following models in order of increasing particle speed.

X Y Z
D. YZX

5. If two objects are in thermal contact and one object is at a higher temperature than the other, then

A. cold will flow from the cooler object to the warmer object until they reach the same temperature.
heat will flow from the cooler object to the warmer object, increasing the temperature difference between
B.
them.
cold will flow from the warmer object to the cooler object, increasing the temperature difference between
C.
them.
D. heat will flow from the warmer object to the cooler object until they reach the same temperature.
6. Which of the following is a force that acts at a distance?
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PHYSICS REVIEW

D. all of these
7. The chemical equation below shows that hydrogen and oxygen chemically react to form water.

Which of these is true?

A. Water is a pure substance and has the same properties as oxygen.
B. Hydrogen, oxygen, and water are pure substances that each have different properties.
C. Water is a pure substance and has the same properties as hydrogen.
8. What will happen if a positively charged particle is placed next to a negatively charged particle?

A. They will not be attracted to or repelled by one another.

B. They will be repelled by one another.
C. They will be both attracted to and repelled by one another.
D. They will be attracted to one another.
9. The first step of the design process is to

A. copy the design of the most successful technology of the day.

B. form a prediction about the design.
C. identify a problem that needs to be solved.
D. study the uses of technologies over the history of the Earth.
10. Jeffery has a 1.0-gram sample of baking soda and a 5.0-gram sample of vinegar. He combines the two
samples in a sealed plastic bag. The baking soda and vinegar react, releasing bubbles and heat.
After the reaction is complete, Jeffery measures the mass of the bag's contents. The bag's contents should
measure ______.

D. 6.0 grams

11. Some properties of three different substances in different matter states are recorded in the table below.

Properties of Substances in Different States of Matter

Substance Properties
Which of the following is true?
A. Substance Z is a liquid.
B. Substances X and Z are gases. particles touch but can move around
X
C. Substance Y is a solid.
D. Substance X is a liquid. substance has definite volume

particles are well separated

12. Chemical reactions produce new substances with Y
different properties than the substances that reacted. substance will expand to take container shape
Sometimes, the evidence for these new substances is
easy to see. Other times, it is not quite so obvious.
Which of the following can be a clue that a chemical particles are packed closely together
Z
reaction has taken place?
substance has a definite shape
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PHYSICS REVIEW

I. Bubbles form when two chemicals are mixed.

II. A solution suddenly changes color.
III. The chemicals are mixed at room temperature, and the solution heats up.
D. I and IIII only

13. Two objects are placed near each other.

What affects how much gravitational force the objects will exert on each other?
A. the objects' shapes and colors
B. the objects' masses and the distance between them
C. the objects' masses and their surface areas
D. the objects' surface areas and the distance between them
14. Which of the following describes wavelength?

A. the distance a wave travels in a given amount of time

B. the distance between crests of adjacent waves
C. the number of waves that pass a point in a given amount of time
D. the height of a wave
15. Danny is competing in the high jump.

When he is in the air, his body has _______ energy due to its height, and it has _______ energy due to its
motion.
D. potential; kinetic

16. Caleb is playing baseball outside. When he hits the ball with the bat, the bat applies a force to the ball. At
the same time, the ball

A. applies a much weaker force in the opposite direction of the bat's force.
B. applies an equal force in the same direction as the bat's force.
C. does not apply any reaction force to the bat.
D. applies an equal but opposite force to the bat.
17. Kevin and Jason are riding identical bicycles to school. The boys both have the same amount of mass. Kevin
is traveling at 20 kilometers per hour, whereas Jason is traveling at 15 kilometers per hour.
Which of these is true?

A. Kevin has more kinetic energy than Jason because Kevin is moving at a faster speed.
B. Jason has more kinetic energy than Kevin because Jason is moving at a faster speed.
C. Kevin and Jason have the same amount of kinetic energy because they are both in motion.
D. Kevin and Jason have the same amount of kinetic energy because they have the same amount of mass.
18. Wayne pushes a hockey puck with a force of 20 newtons to the left.
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PHYSICS REVIEW

Which force could balance the forces acting on the hockey puck?
A. a push of 20 newtons to the right
B. a push of 20 newtons to the left
C. a pull of 10 newtons to the right
D. a pull of 10 newtons to the left

HOT

During the summer a student noticed the color of the clothes she wore affected how hot she
felt. The student designed an experiment to test this. The student obtained four identical
samples of sand. Each sample was covered with a different color of cotton fabric. Each
sample was then placed directly under a 110-watt lightbulb. The student recorded the initial
temperatures of the sand, then turned on the lamps. At one-minute intervals, for six minutes
total, the student measured the temperature of each sample. The data is shown in the graph
below.
19. According to the graph, which sample had the lowest final temperature?

D. white

20. Gabriel is sledding down a snowy hill. At which of the following positions will
Gabriel's potential energy be the least and his kinetic energy be the greatest?

D. 2