Page Source Hammer

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Hammer</h1>
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<div id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>
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<td class="mbox-text"><span class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a <a

href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">list of
references</a>, but <b>its sources remain unclear</b> because it has
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<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused

with <a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallet</a>.</div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see

<a href="/wiki/Hammer_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hammer
(disambiguation)">Hammer (disambiguation)</a>.</div>
<table class="infobox" style="width:22em">
<caption>Hammer</caption>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/File:Claw-hammer.jpg"

class="image"><img alt="Claw-hammer.jpg"
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Claw-
hammer.jpg/220px-Claw-hammer.jpg" width="220" height="100"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Claw-
hammer.jpg/330px-Claw-hammer.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Claw-hammer.jpg/440px-
Claw-hammer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4240" data-file-height="1920" /></a>
<div>A modern claw hammer</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Types</th>
<td><a href="/wiki/Hand_tool" title="Hand tool">Hand tool</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Used with</th>
<td><a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">Construction</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>A <b>hammer</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">tool</a> or device

that delivers a blow (a sudden impact) to an object. Most hammers are <a
href="/wiki/Hand_tool" title="Hand tool">hand tools</a> used to drive <a
href="/wiki/Nail_(fastener)" title="Nail (fastener)">nails</a>, fit parts, <a
href="/wiki/Forge" title="Forge">forge</a> metal, and break apart objects.
Hammers vary in shape, size, and structure, depending on their purposes.</p>
<p>Hammers are basic tools in many <a href="/wiki/Tradesman"

title="Tradesman">trades</a>. The usual features are a head (most often made of
<a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>) and a handle (also called a <a
href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/helve#Noun" class="extiw"
title="wikt:helve">helve</a> or <a
href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/haft#Noun" class="extiw"
title="wikt:haft">haft</a>). Although most hammers are hand tools, powered
versions exist; they are known as <a href="/wiki/Power_hammer" title="Power
hammer">powered hammers</a>. Types of power hammer include <a
href="/wiki/Steam_hammer" title="Steam hammer">steam hammers</a> and <a
href="/wiki/Trip_hammer" title="Trip hammer">trip hammers</a>, often for
heavier uses, such as <a href="/wiki/Forging" title="Forging">forging</a>.</p>
<p>Some specialized hammers have other names, such as <i><a

href="/wiki/Sledgehammer" title="Sledgehammer">sledgehammer</a></i>,
<i><a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallet</a></i>, and <i><a
href="/wiki/Gavel" title="Gavel">gavel</a></i>. The term "hammer" also applies
to devices that deliver blows, such as the <a href="/wiki/Hammer_(firearm)"
class="mw-redirect" title="Hammer (firearm)">hammer of a firearm</a>, or the
hammer of a <a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">piano</a>, or the hammer ice
scraper.</p>
<p></p>
<div id="toc" class="toc">
<div id="toctitle" class="toctitle">
<h2>Contents</h2>
</div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span

class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a

href="#Construction_and_materials"><span class="tocnumber">2</span>
<span class="toctext">Construction and materials</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Designs_and_variations"><span

class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Designs and
variations</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Hand-powered_hammers"><span

class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Hand-powered
hammers</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Mechanically-

powered_hammers"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span
class="toctext">Mechanically-powered hammers</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>

href="#Tools_used_in_conjunction_with_hammers"><span
class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Tools used in conjunction
with hammers</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Physics_of_hammering"><span

class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Physics of
hammering</span></a>
<ul>

href="#Hammer_as_a_force_amplifier"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span>
<span class="toctext">Hammer as a force amplifier</span></a></li>

href="#Effect_of_the_head.27s_mass"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span>
<span class="toctext">Effect of the head's mass</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Effect_of_the_handle"><span

class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Effect of the
handle</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Effect_of_gravity"><span

class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Effect of
gravity</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>

href="#Ergonomics_and_injury_risks"><span class="tocnumber">6</span>
<span class="toctext">Ergonomics and injury risks</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#War_hammers"><span

class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">War
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Symbolic_hammers"><span

class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Symbolic
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Image_gallery"><span
class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Image
gallery</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#See_also"><span

class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">See
also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#References"><span

class="tocnumber">11</span> <span
class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#External_links"><span

class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">External
links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p></p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-

editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a
href="/w/index.php?title=Hammer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit
section: History">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The use of simple hammers dates to about 2,600,000 <a href="/wiki/BCE"

class="mw-redirect" title="BCE">BCE</a><sup id="cite_ref-Semaw_1-0"
class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Semaw-1">[1]</a></sup><sup
id="cite_ref-SemawPenne_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-
SemawPenne-2">[2]</a></sup> when various shaped stones were used to strike
<a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bone"
title="Bone">bone</a>, or other stones to break them apart and shape them.
Stones attached to sticks with strips of leather or animal sinew were being used as
hammers with handles by about 30,000 BCE during the middle of the <a
href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic Stone Age</a>.</p>
<p>The hammer's archeological record shows that it may be the oldest tool for
which definite evidence exists of its early existence.<sup id="cite_ref-Semaw_1-1"
class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Semaw-1">[1]</a></sup><sup
id="cite_ref-SemawPenne_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-
SemawPenne-2">[2]</a></sup></p>
<ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center">
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div style="width: 155px">

<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<div style="margin:36px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG"

class="image"><img alt=""
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StoneHammerDoverM
N.JPG/120px-StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG" width="120" height="78"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StoneHammerDov
erMN.JPG/180px-StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG
/240px-StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3403" data-file-
height="2218" /></a></div>
</div>
<div class="gallerytext">
<p>A stone hammer found in <a

href="/wiki/Dover_Township,_Olmsted_County,_Minnesota" title="Dover Township,
Olmsted County, Minnesota">Dover Township, Minnesota</a> dated to 80003000
BCE, the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Archaic_period" class="mw-redirect"
title="North American Archaic period">North American Archaic period</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:49px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hammer_stone_tappin
g.jpg/120px-Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg" width="120" height="52"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hammer_stone_tap
ping.jpg/180px-Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg
/240px-Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg 2x" data-file-width="542" data-file-
height="236" /></a></div>
</div>
<p>Stone tapping hammer</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_stone_head.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hammer_stone_head.
jpg/102px-Hammer_stone_head.jpg" width="102" height="120"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hammer_stone_he
ad.jpg/153px-Hammer_stone_head.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hammer_stone_head.jpg/2
05px-Hammer_stone_head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="572"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p>Perforated hammer head of stone</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:15px auto;"><a

href="/wiki/File:Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg"
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Sacrificial_hammer_D
odona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg/80px-
Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg" width="80" height="120"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Sacrificial_hamme
r_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg/120px-
Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Sacrificial_hammer_Dodon
a_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg/160px-Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg
2x" data-file-width="1456" data-file-height="2184" /></a></div>
</div>
<p>Ancient Greek bronze sacrificial hammer, 7th century BCE, from <a
href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:17.5px auto;"><a

href="/wiki/File:Melencolia_I_(Durero)_hammer_crop.jpg" class="image"><img
alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Melencolia_I_
%28Durero%29_hammer_crop.jpg/120px-Melencolia_I_%28Durero
%29_hammer_crop.jpg" width="120" height="115"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Melencolia_I_
%28Durero%29_hammer_crop.jpg/180px-Melencolia_I_%28Durero
%29_hammer_crop.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Melencolia_I_%28Durero
%29_hammer_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="191"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p>16th-century claw hammer; detail from <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer"

title="Albrecht Drer">Drer</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Melencolia_I"
title="Melencolia I">Melencolia I</a></i> (c. 1514)</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Construction_and_materials">Construction

and materials</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-
editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Construction
and materials">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<p>A traditional hand-held hammer consists of a separate head and a handle,

fastened together by means of a special wedge made for the purpose, or by glue,
or both. This two-piece design is often used, to combine a dense metallic striking
head with a non-metallic mechanical-shock-absorbing handle (to reduce <a
href="/wiki/Muscle_fatigue" title="Muscle fatigue">user fatigue</a> from
repeated strikes). If wood is used for the handle, it is often <a href="/wiki/Hickory"
title="Hickory">hickory</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ash_(tree)" class="mw-redirect"
title="Ash (tree)">ash</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a
href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> which are tough and long-lasting materials
that can dissipate <a href="/wiki/Shock_wave" title="Shock wave">shock
waves</a> from the hammer head. Rigid <a href="/wiki/Fiberglass"
title="Fiberglass">fiberglass resin</a> may be used for the handle; this material
does not absorb water or decay, but does not dissipate shock as well as
wood.</p>
<p>A loose hammer head is hazardous because it can literally "fly off the handle"
when in use, becoming a dangerous uncontrolled missile. Wooden handles can
often be replaced when worn or damaged; specialized kits are available covering a
range of handle sizes and designs, plus special wedges for attachment.</p>
<p>Some hammers are one-piece designs made primarily of a single material. A

one-piece metallic hammer may optionally have its handle coated or wrapped in a
resilient material such as rubber, for improved grip and reduced user fatigue.<sup
id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup></p>
<p>The hammer head may be surfaced with a variety of materials, including <a
href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">brass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bronze"
title="Bronze">bronze</a>, wood, plastic, rubber, or leather. Some hammers have
interchangeable striking surfaces, which can be selected as needed or replaced
when worn out.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Designs_and_variations">Designs and

variations</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Designs and
variations">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a

href="/wiki/File:Peen_hammers.png" class="image"><img alt=""
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Peen_hammers.png/2
20px-Peen_hammers.png" width="220" height="100" class="thumbimage"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Peen_hammers.pn
g/330px-Peen_hammers.png 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Peen_hammers.png/440px-
Peen_hammers.png 2x" data-file-width="713" data-file-height="324" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption">
<div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Peen_hammers.png" class="internal"
title="Enlarge"></a></div>
The parts of a hammer are the <i>face</i>, <i>head</i> (includes the

<i>bell</i> and <i>neck</i>, which are not labelled), <i>eye</i> (where the
<i>handle</i> fits into), <i>peen</i> (also spelled pein and pane). The side of a
hammer is the <i>cheek</i> and some hammers have <i>straps</i> that extend
down the handle for strength. Shown here are: A. Ball-peen hammer B. Straight-
peen hammer C. Cross-peen hammer</div>
</div>
</div>

href="/wiki/File:Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg" class="image"><img alt=""
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Prying_up_a_long_nail.j
pg/170px-Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg" width="170" height="230"
class="thumbimage"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Prying_up_a_long_n
ail.jpg/255px-Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg/3
40px-Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="381" data-file-
height="516" /></a>
<div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg"

class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>
The claw of a carpenter's hammer is frequently used to remove nails.</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>A large hammer-like tool is a <i>maul</i> (sometimes called a "beetle"), a

wood- or rubber-headed hammer is a <i><a href="/wiki/Mallet"
title="Mallet">mallet</a></i>, and a hammer-like tool with a cutting blade is
usually called a <i><a href="/wiki/Hatchet" title="Hatchet">hatchet</a></i>.
The essential part of a hammer is the head, a compact solid mass that is able to
deliver a blow to the intended target without itself deforming. The impacting
surface of the tool is usually flat or slightly rounded; the opposite end of the
impacting mass may have a ball shape, as in the <a href="/wiki/Ball-
peen_hammer" title="Ball-peen hammer">ball-peen hammer</a>. Some <a
href="/wiki/Upholstery_hammer" title="Upholstery hammer">upholstery
hammers</a> have a <a href="/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet">magnetized</a>
face, to pick up tacks. In the hatchet, the flat hammer head may be secondary to
the cutting edge of the tool.</p>
<p>The impact between steel hammer heads and the objects being hit can create
<a href="/wiki/Spark_(fire)" title="Spark (fire)">sparks</a>, which may ignite <a
href="/wiki/Flammable" class="mw-redirect" title="Flammable">flammable</a>
or explosive gases. These are a hazard in some industries such as <a
href="/wiki/Underground_coal_mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Underground
coal mining">underground coal mining</a> (due to the presence of <a
href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">methane</a> gas), or in other hazardous
environments such as <a href="/wiki/Petroleum_refineries" class="mw-redirect"
title="Petroleum refineries">petroleum refineries</a> and chemical plants. In
these environments, a variety of non-sparking metal tools are used, primarily made
of <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a> or <a
href="/wiki/Beryllium_copper" title="Beryllium copper">beryllium copper</a>. In
recent years, the handles have been made of durable plastic or rubber, though
wood is still widely used because of its shock-absorbing qualities and
repairability.</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Hand-powered_hammers">Hand-powered

hammers</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hand-
powered hammers">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ball-peen_hammer" title="Ball-peen hammer">Ball-peen

hammer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-bs876_5-0" class="reference"><a
href="#cite_note-bs876-5">[5]</a></sup> or mechanic's hammer</li>
<li><a href="/w/index.php?
title=Boiler_scaling_hammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new"
title="Boiler scaling hammer (page does not exist)">Boiler scaling
hammer</a><sup id="cite_ref-bs876_5-1" class="reference"><a
href="#cite_note-bs876-5">[5]</a></sup></li>
title=Brass_hammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brass
hammer (page does not exist)">Brass hammer</a>, also known as non-sparking
hammer or spark-proof hammer and used mainly in flammable areas like oil
fields</li>
<li>Carpenter's hammer (used for nailing), such as the <a

href="/wiki/Framing_hammer" title="Framing hammer">framing hammer</a> and
the <a href="/wiki/Claw_hammer" title="Claw hammer">claw hammer</a>, and
pinhammers (ball-peen and cross-peen types) <sup id="cite_ref-bs876_5-2"
class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-5">[5]</a></sup></li>
<li>Cow hammer sometimes used for <a href="/wiki/Animal_slaughter"
title="Animal slaughter">livestock slaughter</a>, a practice now <a
href="/wiki/Deprecation" title="Deprecation">deprecated</a> due to <a
href="/wiki/Animal_cruelty" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal cruelty">animal
welfare</a> objections<sup id="cite_ref-FAO_6-0" class="reference"><a
href="#cite_note-FAO-6">[6]</a></sup></li>
<li>Cross-peen hammer,<sup id="cite_ref-bs876_5-3" class="reference"><a

href="#cite_note-bs876-5">[5]</a></sup> having one round face and one
wedge-peen face.</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dead_blow_hammer" title="Dead blow hammer">Dead blow

hammer</a> delivers impact with very little recoil, often due to a hollow head
filled with <b>sand,</b> <a href="/wiki/Lead_shot" class="mw-redirect"
title="Lead shot">lead shot</a> or pellets</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lump_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lump

hammer">Drilling hammer</a> a short handled sledgehammer originally used
for drilling in rock with a chisel. The name usually refers to a hammer with a 2-to-4-
pound (0.91 to 1.81 kg) head and a 10-inch (250 mm) handle, also
called a "single-jack" hammer because it was used by one person drilling, holding
the chisel in one hand and the hammer in the other.<sup id="cite_ref-7"
class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> In modern usage, the
term is mostly interchangeable with "engineer's hammer", although it can indicate
a version with a slightly shorter handle.</li>
<li>Engineer's hammer, a short-handled hammer, originally an essential

components of a <a href="/wiki/Railroad_engineer" title="Railroad
engineer">railroad engineer</a>'s toolkit for working on steam locomotives.<sup
id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> Typical
weight is 24 lbs (0.91.8 kg) with a 1214 inch (3035 cm)
handle. Originally these were often cross-peen hammers, with one round face and
one wedge-peen face, but in modern usage the term primarily refers to hammers
with two round faces.</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gavel" title="Gavel">Gavel</a>, used by judges and presiding

authorities to draw attention</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Geologist%27s_hammer" title="Geologist's

hammer">Geologist's hammer</a> or rock pick</li>
<li>Joiner's hammer, or <a href="/w/index.php?

title=Warrington_hammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new"
title="Warrington hammer (page does not exist)">Warrington hammer</a><sup
id="cite_ref-bs876_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-
5">[5]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Knife-
edged_hammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knife-edged
hammer (page does not exist)">Knife-edged hammer</a>, its properties
developed to aid a hammerer in the act of slicing whilst bludgeoning</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Lathe hammer</a> (also known as a lath

hammer, lathing hammer, or lathing hatchet), a tool used for cutting and nailing
wood lath, which has a small hatchet blade on one side (with a small, lateral nick
for pulling nails) and a hammer head on the other<sup id="cite_ref-9"
class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lump_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lump

hammer">Lump hammer</a>, or club hammer</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">Mallets</a>, including versions made

with hard rubber or rolled sheets of <a href="/wiki/Rawhide_(material)"
title="Rawhide (material)">rawhide</a></li>
title=Railway_track_keying_hammer&action=edit&redlink=1"
class="new" title="Railway track keying hammer (page does not exist)">Railway
track keying hammer</a><sup id="cite_ref-bs876_5-5" class="reference"><a
<li><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing_hammer" title="Rock climbing hammer">Rock

climbing hammer</a></li>
title=Rounding_hammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new"
title="Rounding hammer (page does not exist)">Rounding hammer</a>
Blacksmith or farrier hammer. Round face generally for moving or drawing metal
and flat for "planishing" or smoothing out the surface marks.</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer"
title="Sledgehammer">Sledgehammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Soft-faced_hammer" title="Soft-faced hammer">Soft-faced

hammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Splitting_maul" title="Splitting maul">Splitting maul</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stonemason%27s_hammer" title="Stonemason's

hammer">Stonemason's hammer</a></li>
<li>Tinner's hammer</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Upholstery_hammer" title="Upholstery hammer">Upholstery

hammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welder
%27s_chipping_hammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new"
title="Welder's chipping hammer (page does not exist)">Welder's chipping
hammer</a><sup id="cite_ref-bs876_5-6" class="reference"><a
</ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mechanically-

powered_hammers">Mechanically-powered hammers</span><span class="mw-
editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a
section: Mechanically-powered hammers">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-

href="/wiki/File:HammerSRM.jpg" class="image"><img alt=""
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HammerSRM.jpg/170
px-HammerSRM.jpg" width="170" height="278" class="thumbimage"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HammerSRM.jpg/2
55px-HammerSRM.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HammerSRM.jpg/340px-
HammerSRM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2188" data-file-height="3581" /></a>
<div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:HammerSRM.jpg" class="internal"

title="Enlarge"></a></div>
Large mechanically-powered hammer</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>Mechanically-powered hammers often look quite different from the hand tools,
but nevertheless most of them work on the same principle. They include:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_drill" title="Hammer drill">Hammer drill</a>, that

combines a jackhammer-like mechanism with a <a href="/wiki/Drill"
title="Drill">drill</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/High_Frequency_Impact_Treatment" class="mw-redirect"

title="High Frequency Impact Treatment">High Frequency Impact Treatment</a>
hammer for aftertreatment of weld transitions</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jackhammer" title="Jackhammer">Jackhammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Steam_hammer" title="Steam hammer">Steam

hammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Trip_hammer" title="Trip hammer">Trip hammer</a></li>
</ul>
<p>In professional <a href="/wiki/Framing_(construction)" title="Framing
(construction)">framing</a> <a href="/wiki/Carpenter" class="mw-redirect"
title="Carpenter">carpentry</a>, the manual hammer has almost been
completely replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Nail_gun" title="Nail gun">nail
gun</a>. In professional <a href="/wiki/Upholstery"
title="Upholstery">upholstery</a>, its chief competitor is the <a
href="/wiki/Staple_gun" title="Staple gun">staple gun</a>.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline"
id="Tools_used_in_conjunction_with_hammers">Tools used in conjunction with
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tools used in
conjunction with hammers">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Anvil" title="Anvil">Anvil</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">Chisel</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pipe_drift" title="Pipe drift">Pipe drift</a> (Blacksmithing -

spreading a punched hole to proper size and/or shape)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Star_drill" class="mw-redirect" title="Star drill">Star

drill</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punch

(engineering)">Punch</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Splitting_maul" title="Splitting maul">Woodsplitting maul</a>

can be hit with a sledgehammer for splitting wood.</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wedge_(mechanical_device)" title="Wedge (mechanical

device)">Woodsplitting wedge</a> hit with a sledgehammer for splitting
wood.</li>
</ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Physics_of_hammering">Physics of

hammering</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Physics of
hammering">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Hammer_as_a_force_amplifier">Hammer as

a force amplifier</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hammer as a
force amplifier">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<p>A hammer is basically a <a href="/wiki/Force" title="Force">force</a> <a

href="/wiki/Amplifier" title="Amplifier">amplifier</a> that works by converting <a
href="/wiki/Mechanical_work" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanical
work">mechanical work</a> into <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy" title="Kinetic
energy">kinetic energy</a> and back.</p>
<p>In the swing that precedes each blow, the hammer head stores a certain
amount of kinetic energyequal to the length <i>D</i> of the swing times the
force <i>f</i> produced by the <a href="/wiki/Muscle"
title="Muscle">muscles</a> of the arm and by <a href="/wiki/Gravity"
title="Gravity">gravity</a>. When the hammer strikes, the head is stopped by an
opposite force coming from the target, equal and opposite to the force applied by
the head to the target. If the target is a hard and heavy object, or if it is resting on
some sort of <a href="/wiki/Anvil" title="Anvil">anvil</a>, the head can travel
only a very short distance <i>d</i> before stopping. Since the stopping force
<i>F</i> times that distance must be equal to the head's kinetic energy, it follows
that <i>F</i> is much greater than the original driving force <i>f</i>roughly,
by a factor <i>D</i>/<i>d</i>. In this way, great strength is not needed to
produce a force strong enough to bend steel, or crack the hardest stone.</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Effect_of_the_head.27s_mass">Effect of the

head's mass</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Effect of the
head's mass">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<p>The amount of energy delivered to the target by the hammer-blow is

equivalent to one half the mass of the head times the square of the head's speed
at the time of impact (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-
math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>E</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<msup>
<mi>v</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E={mv^{2} \over

2}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img
src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bdecdbdde710854c
801f5e73a35eeb3ba05648ff" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-
hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:9.982ex; height:5.676ex;"
alt="E={mv^{2} \over 2}" /></span>). While the energy delivered to the target
increases linearly with mass, it increases quadratically with the <a
href="/wiki/Speed" title="Speed">speed</a> (see the effect of the handle, below).
High tech <a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a> heads are
lighter and allow for longer handles, thus increasing velocity and delivering the
same energy with less arm fatigue than that of a heavier steel head hammer.<sup
id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> A
titanium head has about 3% <a href="/wiki/Deflection_(physics)" title="Deflection
(physics)">recoil</a> energy and can result in greater efficiency and less fatigue
when compared to a steel head with up to 30% recoil. <a
href="/wiki/Dead_blow_hammer" title="Dead blow hammer">Dead blow
hammers</a> use special rubber or steel shot to absorb recoil energy, rather than
bouncing the hammer head after impact.</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Effect_of_the_handle">Effect of the

handle</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Effect of the
handle">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<p>The handle of the hammer helps in several ways. It keeps the user's hands
away from the point of impact. It provides a broad area that is better-suited for
gripping by the hand. Most importantly, it allows the user to maximize the speed of
the head on each blow. The primary constraint on additional handle length is the
lack of space to swing the hammer. This is why sledge hammers, largely used in
open spaces, can have handles that are much longer than a standard carpenter's
hammer. The second most important constraint is more subtle. Even without
considering the effects of fatigue, the longer the handle, the harder it is to guide
the head of the hammer to its target at full speed.</p>
<p>Most designs are a compromise between practicality and energy efficiency.

With too long a handle, the hammer is inefficient because it delivers force to the
wrong place, off-target. With too short a handle, the hammer is inefficient because
it doesn't deliver enough force, requiring more blows to complete a given task.
Modifications have also been made with respect to the effect of the hammer on the
user. Handles made of shock-absorbing materials or varying angles attempt to
make it easier for the user to continue to wield this age-old device, even as nail
guns and other powered drivers encroach on its traditional field of use.</p>
<p>As hammers must be used in many circumstances, where the position of the
person using them cannot be taken for granted, trade-offs are made for the sake of
practicality. In areas where one has plenty of room, a long handle with a heavy
head (like a sledge hammer) can deliver the maximum amount of energy to the
target. It is not practical to use such a large hammer for all tasks, however, and
thus the overall design has been modified repeatedly to achieve the optimum
utility in a wide variety of situations.</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Effect_of_gravity">Effect of

gravity</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Effect of
gravity">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<p>Gravity exerts a force on the hammer head. If hammering downwards, gravity

increases the acceleration during the hammer stroke and increases the energy
delivered with each blow. If hammering upwards, gravity reduces the acceleration
during the hammer stroke and therefore reduces the energy delivered with each
blow. Some hammering methods, such as traditional mechanical <a
href="/wiki/Pile_driver" title="Pile driver">pile drivers</a>, rely entirely on gravity
for acceleration on the down stroke.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Ergonomics_and_injury_risks">Ergonomics

and injury risks</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ergonomics
and injury risks">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content"

role="presentation">
<tr>
<td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg"

class="image"><img alt="[icon]"
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_croppe
d.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" width="20" height="14"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_crop
ped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/
40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31"
/></a></td>
<td class="mbox-text"><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>This section needs

expansion</b>. <small>You can help by <a class="external text"
href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>.</small>
<small><i>(July 2015)</i></small></span></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>Both manual and powered hammers can cause <a

href="/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy" title="Peripheral neuropathy">peripheral
neuropathy</a> or a variety of other ailments when used improperly. Awkward
handles can cause <a href="/wiki/Repetitive_stress_injury" class="mw-redirect"
title="Repetitive stress injury">repetitive stress injury</a> (RSI) to hand and arm
joints, and uncontrolled shock waves from repeated impacts can injure nerves and
the skeleton.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="War_hammers">War

title=Hammer&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: War
hammers">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a

href="/wiki/War_hammer" title="War hammer">War hammer</a></div>
<p>A war hammer is a <a href="/wiki/Late_medieval" class="mw-redirect"

title="Late medieval">late medieval</a> <a href="/wiki/Weapon"
title="Weapon">weapon</a> of <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">war</a>
intended for <a href="/wiki/Close_combat" title="Close combat">close
combat</a> action.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Symbolic_hammers">Symbolic

title=Hammer&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Symbolic
hammers">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<p>The hammer, being one of the most used tools by <i><a

href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens" title="Homo sapiens">Homo sapiens</a></i>, has
been used very much in symbols such as <a href="/wiki/Flag"
title="Flag">flags</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heraldry"
title="Heraldry">heraldry</a>. In the Middle Ages, it was used often in blacksmith
guild logos, as well as in many family symbols. The <a
href="/wiki/Hammer_and_pick" title="Hammer and pick">hammer and pick</a> is
used as a symbol of mining.</p>
<p>A well known symbol with a hammer in it is the <a

href="/wiki/Hammer_and_Sickle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hammer and
Sickle">Hammer and Sickle</a>, which was the symbol of the former <a
href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and is very
interlinked with <a href="/wiki/Communism"
title="Communism">communism</a> and early <a href="/wiki/Socialism"
title="Socialism">socialism</a>. The hammer in this symbol represents the
industrial working class (and the sickle represents the agricultural working class).
The hammer is used in some coat of arms in (former) socialist countries like <a
href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>. Similarly,
the Hammer and Sword symbolizes <a href="/wiki/Strasserism"
title="Strasserism">Strasserism</a>, a strand of <a href="/wiki/Nazism"
title="Nazism">National Socialism</a> seeking to appeal to the working
class.</p>
<p>The <a href="/wiki/Gavel" title="Gavel">gavel</a>, a small wooden mallet, is

used to symbolize a mandate to preside over a meeting or judicial proceeding, and
a graphic image of one is used as a symbol of legislative or judicial decision-
making authority.</p>
<p>In <a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse

mythology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thor" title="Thor">Thor</a>, the god of thunder
and lightning, wields a hammer named <a href="/wiki/Mj%C3%B6lnir"
title="Mjlnir">Mjlnir</a>. Many artifacts of decorative hammers have been
found, leading modern practitioners of this religion to often wear reproductions as
a sign of their faith.</p>
<p><a href="/wiki/Judah_Maccabee" class="mw-redirect" title="Judah

Maccabee">Judah Maccabee</a> was nicknamed "The Hammer", possibly in
recognition of his ferocity in battle. The name "Maccabee" may derive from the <a
href="/wiki/Aramaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Aramaic">Aramaic</a>
<i>maqqaba</i>. (see <a
href="/wiki/Judah_Maccabee#Origin_of_Name_.22The_Hammer.22" class="mw-
redirect" title="Judah Maccabee">Judah Maccabee Origin of Name "The
Hammer"</a>).</p>
<p>In <a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_the_United_States" title="Folklore of the United

States">American folkore</a>, the hammer of <a
href="/wiki/John_Henry_(folklore)" title="John Henry (folklore)">John Henry</a>
represents the strength and endurance of a man.</p>
<p>The hammer in the song "<a href="/wiki/If_I_Had_a_Hammer" title="If I Had a

Hammer">If I Had a Hammer</a>" represents a relentless message of justice
broadcast across the land. The song became a symbol of the <a
href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Rights
Movement">Civil Rights Movement</a>.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Image_gallery">Image

gallery</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Image
gallery">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center">
<div style="margin:56px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ball-

peen_hammer_380mm.JPG" class="image"><img alt=""
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ball-
peen_hammer_380mm.JPG/120px-Ball-peen_hammer_380mm.JPG" width="120"
height="38" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ball-
peen_hammer_380mm.JPG/180px-Ball-peen_hammer_380mm.JPG 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ball-
peen_hammer_380mm.JPG/240px-Ball-peen_hammer_380mm.JPG 2x" data-file-
width="451" data-file-height="142" /></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Ball-peen_hammer" title="Ball-peen hammer">Ball-peen

hammer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_ball_pane.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Hammer_ball_pane.jp
g/88px-Hammer_ball_pane.jpg" width="88" height="120"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Hammer_ball_pane
.jpg/132px-Hammer_ball_pane.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Hammer_ball_pane.jpg/176
px-Hammer_ball_pane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="299"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Ball-peen_hammer" title="Ball-peen hammer">Ball peen

hammer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:35px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Stockhammer.JPG"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Stockhammer.JPG/12
0px-Stockhammer.JPG" width="120" height="80"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Stockhammer.JPG/
180px-Stockhammer.JPG 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Stockhammer.JPG/240px-
Stockhammer.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Bush_hammer" title="Bush hammer">Bush hammer</a></p>

</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:22.5px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer2.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hammer2.jpg/120px-
Hammer2.jpg" width="120" height="105"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hammer2.jpg/180
px-Hammer2.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hammer2.jpg/240px-
Hammer2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="493" /></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Claw_hammer" title="Claw hammer">Claw hammer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:42.5px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer-1.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hammer-1.jpg/120px-
Hammer-1.jpg" width="120" height="65"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hammer-
1.jpg/180px-Hammer-1.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hammer-1.jpg/240px-
Hammer-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2352" data-file-height="1282" /></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Cross-peen_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-peen

hammer">Cross-peen hammer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_dog-head.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hammer_dog-
head.jpg/114px-Hammer_dog-head.jpg" width="114" height="120"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hammer_dog-
head.jpg/172px-Hammer_dog-head.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hammer_dog-
head.jpg/229px-Hammer_dog-head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="312" data-file-
</div>
<p>Dog-head hammer (blacksmithing)</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:31px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Framing_hammer.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Framing_hammer.jpg/
120px-Framing_hammer.jpg" width="120" height="88"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Framing_hammer.j
pg/180px-Framing_hammer.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Framing_hammer.jpg/240p
x-Framing_hammer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1673" data-file-height="1229"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Framing_hammer" title="Framing hammer">Framing

hammer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:30px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:BrokenConcretion22.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion22.j
pg/120px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg" width="120" height="90"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion2
2.jpg/180px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion22.jpg/24
0px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Geologist%27s_hammer" title="Geologist's

hammer">Geologist's hammer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:25px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hifit-hammer.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hifit-
hammer.jpg/120px-Hifit-hammer.jpg" width="120" height="100"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hifit-
hammer.jpg/180px-Hifit-hammer.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hifit-hammer.jpg/240px-
Hifit-hammer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1862" data-file-height="1551"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p>HiFIT-hammer for aftertreatment of weld transitions</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hammer_Long_cross-
face.jpg/116px-Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg" width="116" height="120"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hammer_Long_cro
ss-face.jpg/174px-Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hammer_Long_cross-
face.jpg/232px-Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg 2x" data-file-width="297" data-file-
</div>
<p>Long cross-face hammer (blacksmithing)</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Post_maul_-
_20040819.jpg/36px-Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg" width="36" height="120"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Post_maul_-
_20040819.jpg/54px-Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Post_maul_-
_20040819.jpg/72px-Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg 2x" data-file-width="120" data-
file-height="400" /></a></div>
</div>
<p>Post maul</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:52.5px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Mallet.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mallet.jpg/120px-
Mallet.jpg" width="120" height="45"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mallet.jpg/180px-
Mallet.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mallet.jpg/240px-Mallet.jpg
2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="131" /></a></div>
</div>
<p>Rubber mallet</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:30px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sledgehammers-1.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sledgehammers-
1.jpg/120px-Sledgehammers-1.jpg" width="120" height="90"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sledgehammers-
1.jpg/180px-Sledgehammers-1.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sledgehammers-
1.jpg/240px-Sledgehammers-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-
height="1920" /></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer"
title="Sledgehammer">Sledgehammers</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:18px auto;"><a

href="/wiki/File:Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg" class="image"><img alt=""
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hammer_straight_pan
e_sledge.jpg/120px-Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg" width="120" height="114"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hammer_straight_p
ane_sledge.jpg/180px-Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hammer_straight_pane_sled
ge.jpg/240px-Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="342" data-
file-height="326" /></a></div>
</div>
<p>Straight pane <a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer"

title="Sledgehammer">sledgehammer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:20.5px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_twist.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hammer_twist.jpg/120
px-Hammer_twist.jpg" width="120" height="109"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hammer_twist.jpg/1
80px-Hammer_twist.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hammer_twist.jpg/240px-
Hammer_twist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="296" /></a></div>
</div>
<p>Twist hammer (blacksmithing)</p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<div style="margin:32px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_tapissier.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Hammer_tapissier.jpg/
120px-Hammer_tapissier.jpg" width="120" height="86"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Hammer_tapissier.j
pg/180px-Hammer_tapissier.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Hammer_tapissier.jpg/240p
x-Hammer_tapissier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="737"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p><a href="/wiki/Upholstery_hammer" title="Upholstery hammer">Upholstery

hammer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>

<div style="margin:49px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Wooden_mallet.jpg"

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Wooden_mallet.jpg/1
20px-Wooden_mallet.jpg" width="120" height="52"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Wooden_mallet.jpg
/180px-Wooden_mallet.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Wooden_mallet.jpg/240px-
Wooden_mallet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="446" data-file-height="192"
/></a></div>
</div>
<p>Wooden <a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallet</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span

class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a
section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright"

style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px">
<ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-
width:175px;background:#f9f9f9;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-
style:italic;font-weight:bold">
<li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-

cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><img alt=""
src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-
icon.svg/28px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" width="28" height="28" class="noviewer"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-
icon.svg/42px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/56px-
Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500"
/></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em
0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology"
title="Portal:Technology">Technology portal</a></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_Museum_(Haines,_Alaska)" title="Hammer Museum

(Haines, Alaska)">Hammer Museum (Haines, Alaska)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mj%C3%B6lnir" title="Mjlnir">Mjlnir</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span

class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a
section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width:

30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type:
decimal;">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Semaw-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a

href="#cite_ref-Semaw_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a
href="#cite_ref-Semaw_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span>
<span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Semaw, S; Rogers,
M. J.; Quade, J; Renne, P. R.; Butler, R. F.; Dominguez-Rodrigo, M; Stout, D; Hart, W.
S.; Pickering, T; Simpson, S. W. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/stoutlab/files/2013/07/Semaw-et-al-
2003.pdf">"2.6-Million-year-old stone tools and associated bones from OGS-6 and
OGS-7, Gona, Afar, Ethiopia"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>.
<i>Journal of Human Evolution</i>. <b>45</b> (2): 16977. <a
href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a
rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-
2484%2803%2900093-9">10.1016/S0047-2484(03)00093-9</a>. <a
href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed
Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14529651">14529651</a>.</cite><span
title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org
%3AHammer&rft.atitle=2.6-Million-year-
old+stone+tools+and+associated+bones+from+OGS-6+and+OGS-7%2C+Gona
%2C+Afar%2C+Ethiopia&rft.au=Butler%2C+R.+F.&rft.au=Dominguez-
Rodrigo%2C+M&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Hart%2C+W.
+S.&rft.aulast=Semaw&rft.au=Pickering%2C+T&rft.au=Quade
%2C+J&rft.au=Renne%2C+P.+R.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+M.
+J.&rft.au=Simpson%2C+S.+W.&rft.au=Stout
%2C+D&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F
%2Fscholarblogs.emory.edu%2Fstoutlab%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F07%2FSemaw-et-al-
2003.pdf&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0047-2484%2803%2900093-
9&rft_id=info%3Apmid
%2F14529651&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Human+Evolution&am
p;rft.pages=169-77&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx
%3Ajournal&rft.volume=45" class="Z3988"><span
style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SemawPenne-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a

href="#cite_ref-SemawPenne_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a
href="#cite_ref-SemawPenne_2-
1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-
text"><cite class="citation journal">Semaw, S.; Renne, P.; Harris, J. W. K.; Feibel,
C. S.; Bernor, R. L.; Fesseha, N.; Mowbray, K. (1997). "2.5-million-year-old stone
tools from Gona, Ethiopia". <i>Nature</i>. <b>385</b> (6614): 3336. <a
href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow"
class="external text"
href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Natur.385..333S">1997Natur.385..333S
</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object
identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="//doi.org/10.1038%2F385333a0">10.1038/385333a0</a>. <a
href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed
Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9002516">9002516</a>.</cite><span
%3AHammer&rft.atitle=2.5-million-year-old+stone+tools+from+Gona
%2C+Ethiopia&rft.au=Bernor%2C+R.+L.&rft.au=Feibel%2C+C.
+S.&rft.au=Fesseha%2C+N.&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Harris%2C+J.
+W.+K.&rft.aulast=Semaw&rft.au=Mowbray%2C+K.&rft.au=Renne
%2C+P.&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Abibcode
%2F1997Natur.385..333S&rft_id=info%3Adoi
%2F10.1038%2F385333a0&rft_id=info%3Apmid
%2F9002516&rft.issue=6614&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=333-
6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx
%3Ajournal&rft.volume=385" class="Z3988"><span
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-

3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow"
class="external text"
href="http://woodworking.stackexchange.com/questions/2052/what-are-some-
suitable-woods-to-use-for-tool-handles">What are some suitable woods to use for
tool handles? - Woodworking Stack Exchange</a></span></li>

4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow"
class="external text" href="http://boingboing.net/2014/08/06/hammers.html">A
beginner's guide to hammers / Boing Boing</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-bs876-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a

href="#cite_ref-bs876_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a
href="#cite_ref-bs876_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a
href="#cite_ref-bs876_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a
href="#cite_ref-bs876_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a
href="#cite_ref-bs876_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a
href="#cite_ref-bs876_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a
href="#cite_ref-bs876_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span>
<span class="reference-text"><i>British Standard BS 876:1995 Specification for
Hand Hammers</i></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-FAO-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a

href="#cite_ref-FAO_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-
text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x6909e/x6909e09.htm">"Slaughter of
livestock"</a>. <i>FAO Corporate Document Repository</i>. Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations<span class="reference-accessdate">.
Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-07-10</span></span>.</cite><span
%3AHammer&rft.atitle=Slaughter+of+livestock&rft.genre=unknown&a
mp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2F003%2Fx6909e
%2Fx6909e09.htm&rft.jtitle=FAO+Corporate+Document+Repository&rft
_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span

7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation
web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/recreational_trails/publications/fs_publ
ications/05232810/page15.cfm">"Tools for Pounding and Hammering"</a><span
class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-08-
03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info
%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org
%3AHammer&rft.btitle=Tools+for+Pounding+and+Hammering&rft.genr
e=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fhwa.dot.gov%2Fenvironment
%2Frecreational_trails%2Fpublications%2Ffs_publications
%2F05232810%2Fpage15.cfm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev
%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span

journal">Fish Ensie, E. (Feb 1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="https://books.google.com/books?
id=WDkOAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA55">"Handling Locomotive Supplies, Part III.--
Standardization"</a>. <i>American Engineer and Railway Journal</i>: 55<span
%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org
%3AHammer&rft.atitle=Handling+Locomotive+Supplies%2C+Part+III.--
Standardization&rft.au=Fish+Ensie%2C+E.&rft.date=1909-
02&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com
%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWDkOAQAAIAAJ%26pg
%3DPA55&rft.jtitle=American+Engineer+and+Railway+Journal&rft.page
s=55&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"
class="Z3988"><span

book">Farlex. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/lathing+hammer"><i>Lathing
hammer</i></a>. <i>The Free Dictionary</i>.</cite><span
%3AHammer&rft.au=Farlex&rft.btitle=Lathing+hammer&rft.genre=
book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fencyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com%2Flathing
%2Bhammer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"
class="Z3988"><span

web">Cage, Chuck (2011-06-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="http://toolmonger.com/2011/06/15/dewalts-titanium-hammer-
killer/">"DeWalt's Titanium Hammer Killer?"</a>. Toolmonger<span
%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer&rft.au=Cage
%2C+Chuck&rft.btitle=DeWalt%E2%80%99s+Titanium+Hammer+Killer
%3F&rft.date=2011-06-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A
%2F%2Ftoolmonger.com%2F2011%2F06%2F15%2Fdewalts-titanium-hammer-killer
%2F&rft.pub=Toolmonger&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev
%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span
</ol>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External

links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Hammer&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External
links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox"
style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000">
<tr>
<td class="mbox-image"><img alt=""

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-
Commons-logo.svg.png" width="30" height="40" class="noviewer"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-
Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-
Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"
/></td>
<td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to

<i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hammers"
class="extiw"
title="commons:Category:Hammers">Hammers</a></b></i>.</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox"

style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000">
<tr>
<td class="mbox-image"><img alt=""

src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-
v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" width="40" height="40"
class="noviewer"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-
v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-
v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-
height="391" /></td>
<td class="mbox-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a

href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hammer" class="extiw"
title="wiktionary:hammer">hammer</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free
dictionary.</td>
</tr>
</table>
<ul>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text"

href="http://www.diracdelta.co.uk/science/source/h/a/hammer/source.html">Ham
mer types</a> images and descriptions.</li>

href="http://www.hammermuseum.org/">The Hammer Museum</a></li>

href="https://books.google.com/books?
id=1CoDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA164&dq=popular+science+1930&hl=en
&sa=X&ei=awL8TqCkMcfXgQfW7uTxCQ&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAzhu#v
=onepage&q&f=true">"Choosing a Hammer".</a> <i>Popular
Science</i>, June 1960, pp. 164167.</li>
</ul>
<p><br /></p>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hand_tools"

style="padding:3px">
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<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sawhorse" title="Sawhorse">sawhorse</a></li>
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</ul>
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<td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"

style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Adjustable_spanner" title="Adjustable spanner">adjustable

spanner</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Antique_tool" title="Antique tool">antique tools</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Basin_wrench" title="Basin wrench">basin wrench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Block_plane" title="Block plane">block plane</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brace_(tool)" title="Brace (tool)">brace</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bradawl" title="Bradawl">bradawl</a></li>

<li><a href="/wiki/Breaker_bar" title="Breaker bar">breaker bar</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Card_scraper" title="Card scraper">card scraper</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat%27s_paw_(nail_puller)" title="Cat's paw (nail puller)">cat's

paw</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Caulking" title="Caulking">caulking gun</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Clamp_(tool)" title="Clamp (tool)">clamp</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Crowbar_(tool)" title="Crowbar (tool)">crowbar</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fish_tape" title="Fish tape">fish tape</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Grease_gun_(tool)" title="Grease gun (tool)">grease

gun</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">hammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hawk_(plasterer%27s_tool)" title="Hawk (plasterer's

tool)">hawk</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hex_key" title="Hex key">hex key</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hole_punch" title="Hole punch">hole punch</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Impact_driver" title="Impact driver">impact driver</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jack_(device)" title="Jack (device)">jack</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Locking_pliers" title="Locking pliers">locking pliers</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lug_wrench" title="Lug wrench">lug wrench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallet</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mitre_box" title="Mitre box">mitre box</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_wrench" title="Monkey wrench">monkey

wrench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Multi-tool" title="Multi-tool">multi-tool</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nut_driver" title="Nut driver">nut driver</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Paint_roller" title="Paint roller">paint roller</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brush#paintbrushes" title="Brush">paintbrush</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pencil_sharpener" title="Pencil sharpener">pencil

sharpener</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pincers_(tool)" title="Pincers (tool)">pincers</a></li>

<li><a href="/wiki/Pipe_wrench" title="Pipe wrench">pipe wrench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pliers" title="Pliers">pliers</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Plumber_wrench" title="Plumber wrench">plumber

wrench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Plumber%27s_snake" title="Plumber's snake">plumber's

snake</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Plunger" title="Plunger">plunger</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Podger_spanner" title="Podger spanner">podger

spanner</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(tool)" title="Punch (tool)">punch</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Punch_down_tool" title="Punch down tool">punch down

tool</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Putty_knife" title="Putty knife">putty knife</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Scratch_awl" title="Scratch awl">scratch awl</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Screwdriver" title="Screwdriver">screwdriver</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer"
title="Sledgehammer">sledgehammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Socket_wrench" title="Socket wrench">socket

wrench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Spike_maul" title="Spike maul">spike maul</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Staple_gun" title="Staple gun">staple gun</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stitching_awl" title="Stitching awl">stitching awl</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Strap_wrench" title="Strap wrench">strap wrench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tactical_light" title="Tactical light">tactical light</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tire_iron" title="Tire iron">tire iron</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tongue-and-groove_pliers" title="Tongue-and-groove

pliers">tongue-and-groove pliers</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Torque_wrench" title="Torque wrench">torque

wrench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tweezers" title="Tweezers">tweezers</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Upholstery_hammer" title="Upholstery hammer">upholstery

hammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wrench" title="Wrench">wrench</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<div>
<div class="hlist">
<dl>
<dt><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_tools" title="Template:Types of

tools">Types of tools</a></dt>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleaning_tools" title="Template:Cleaning

tools">Cleaning</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cutting_and_abrasive_tools" title="Template:Cutting

and abrasive tools">Cutting and abrasive</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Forestry_tools" title="Template:Forestry

tools">Forestry</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Garden_tools" title="Template:Garden

tools">Garden</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hand_tools" title="Template:Hand

tools">Hand</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Machine_and_metalworking_tools"
title="Template:Machine and metalworking tools">Machine and
metalworking</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Measuring_and_alignment_tools"
title="Template:Measuring and alignment tools">Measuring and
alignment</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Power_tools" title="Template:Power

tools">Power</a></dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metalworking"

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</ul>
</div>
<div id="Tools" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a

href="/wiki/Category:Metalworking_tools" title="Category:Metalworking
tools">Tools</a></div>
</th>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a

href="/wiki/Category:Cutting_machines" title="Category:Cutting
machines">Cutting machines</a></th>
<td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-

width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bandsaw" title="Bandsaw">Bandsaw</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cold_saw" title="Cold saw">Cold saw</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Laser_cutting" title="Laser cutting">Laser</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Miter_saw" title="Miter saw">Miter saw</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_cutting" title="Plasma cutting">Plasma</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Water_jet_cutter" title="Water jet cutter">Water jet

cutter</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>

href="/wiki/Category:Metalworking_cutting_tools" title="Category:Metalworking
cutting tools">Cutting tools</a></th>
<td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-

<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Broaching_(metalworking)" title="Broaching
(metalworking)">Broach</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Burr_(cutter)" title="Burr (cutter)">Burr</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Counterbore" title="Counterbore">Counterbore</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Countersink" title="Countersink">Countersink</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Endmill" class="mw-redirect" title="Endmill">End

mill</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/File_(tool)" title="File (tool)">File</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hand_scraper" title="Hand scraper">Hand scraper</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Milling_cutter" title="Milling cutter">Milling cutter</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nibbler" title="Nibbler">Nibbler</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Reamer" title="Reamer">Reamer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Shear_(sheet_metal)" title="Shear (sheet

metal)">Shears</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tipped_tool" title="Tipped tool">Tipped tool</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tool_bit" title="Tool bit">Tool bit</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Forming tools</th>

<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brake_(sheet_metal_bending)" title="Brake (sheet metal
bending)">Brake</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Die_(manufacturing)" title="Die

(manufacturing)">Die</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/English_wheel" title="English wheel">English wheel</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_press" title="Hydraulic press">Hydraulic

press</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Machine_press" title="Machine press">Machine

press</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Punch_press" title="Punch press">Punch press</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Screw_press" title="Screw press">Screw press</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stamping_press" title="Stamping press">Stamping

press</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Metalworking_hand_tool"

title="Metalworking hand tool">Hand tools</a></th>

<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Clamp_(tool)" title="Clamp (tool)">Clamp</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Combination_square" title="Combination square">Combination

square</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Drift_pin" title="Drift pin">Drift pin</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hacksaw" title="Hacksaw">Hacksaw</a></li>

<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hand_scraper" title="Hand scraper">Hand scraper</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Machinist_square" title="Machinist square">Machinist

square</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Needlegun_scaler" title="Needlegun scaler">Needlegun

scaler</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Piercing_saw" title="Piercing saw">Piercing saw</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pliers" title="Pliers">Pliers</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(tool)" title="Punch (tool)">Punch</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Scriber" title="Scriber">Scriber</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tap_and_die" title="Tap and die">Tap and die</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tongs" title="Tongs">Tongs</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Vise" title="Vise">Vise</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Workbench" title="Workbench">Workbench</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wrench" title="Wrench">Wrench</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Machine_tool"

title="Machine tool">Machine tooling</a></th>

<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Angle_plate" title="Angle plate">Angle plate</a></li>

<li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_(engineering)" title="Chuck
(engineering)">Chuck</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">Collet</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fixture_(tool)" title="Fixture (tool)">Fixture</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Indexing_head" title="Indexing head">Indexing head</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jig_(tool)" title="Jig (tool)">Jig</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lathe_center" title="Lathe center">Lathe center</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Machine_taper" title="Machine taper">Machine

taper</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_base" title="Magnetic base">Magnetic

base</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mandrel" title="Mandrel">Mandrel</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_table" title="Rotary table">Rotary table</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wiggler_(tool)" title="Wiggler (tool)">Wiggler</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>

href="/wiki/Category:Metalworking_measuring_instruments"
title="Category:Metalworking measuring instruments">Measuring
instruments</a></th>

<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bore_gauge" title="Bore gauge">Bore gauge</a></li>

<li><a href="/wiki/Caliper" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliper">Caliper</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Center_gauge" title="Center gauge">Center gauge</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Indicator_(distance_amplifying_instrument)" title="Indicator

(distance amplifying instrument)">Dial indicator</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Engineer%27s_blue" title="Engineer's blue">Engineer's

blue</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Engineer%27s_spirit_level" title="Engineer's spirit

level">Engineer's spirit level</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feeler_gauge" title="Feeler gauge">Feeler gauge</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_(instrument)" title="Gauge

(instrument)">Gauge</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_block" title="Gauge block">Gauge block</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Go/no_go_gauge" title="Go/no go gauge">Go/no go

gauge</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Height_gauge" title="Height gauge">Height gauge</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Machinist_square" title="Machinist square">Machinist

square</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Marking_blue" title="Marking blue">Marking blue</a></li>
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gauge</a></li>
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<th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Metalsmith"

title="Metalsmith">Smithing tools</a></th>

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<li><a href="/wiki/Forge" title="Forge">Forge</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fuller_(metalworking)" title="Fuller

(metalworking)">Fuller</a></li>
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<li><a href="/wiki/Pritchel" title="Pritchel">Pritchel</a></li>
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hammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Swage_block" title="Swage block">Swage block</a></li>
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<li><a href="/wiki/Casting" title="Casting">Casting</a></li>
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fabrication">Fabrication</a></li>
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processes">Forming</a></li>
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<li><a href="/wiki/Metalsmith" title="Metalsmith">Smithing</a></li>
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metalworking">Tools and terminology</a></li>
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<li><a href="/wiki/Ashlar" title="Ashlar">Ashlar</a></li>
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(architecture)">Rustication</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stone_carving" title="Stone carving">Carving</a></li>
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<li><a href="/wiki/Masonry" title="Masonry">Masonry</a></li>
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masonry">Monumental</a></li>
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stonemasonry">Slipform</a></li>
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<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_decorative_stones" title="List of decorative

stones">List of stone</a></li>
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stone</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brick" title="Brick">Brick</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cast_stone" title="Cast stone">Cast stone</a></li>

<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_decorative_stones" title="List of decorative
stones">Decorative stones</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dimension_stone" title="Dimension stone">Dimension

stone</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fieldstone" title="Fieldstone">Fieldstone</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Flagstone" title="Flagstone">Flagstone</a></li>
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<li><a href="/wiki/Angle_grinder" title="Angle grinder">Angle grinder</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bush_hammer" title="Bush hammer">Bush hammer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ceramic_tile_cutter" title="Ceramic tile cutter">Ceramic tile

cutter</a></li>

<li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_blade" title="Diamond blade">Diamond
blade</a></li>
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appliance)">Lewis (lifting appliance)</a></li>
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demolition agents">Non-explosive demolition agents</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Plug_and_feather" title="Plug and feather">Plug and

feather</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stonemason%27s_hammer" title="Stonemason's

hammer">Stonemason's hammer</a></li>
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masonry</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Repointing" title="Repointing">Repointing</a></li>

<li><a href="/wiki/Scabbling" title="Scabbling">Scabbling</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tuckpointing" title="Tuckpointing">Tuckpointing</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
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<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hardstone_carving" title="Hardstone carving">Hardstone

carving</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Headstone" title="Headstone">Headstone</a> (<a

href="/wiki/Footstone" title="Footstone">Footstone</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">Mosaic</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stone_sculpture" title="Stone sculpture">Sculpture</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stone_wall" title="Stone wall">Stone wall</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Organizations</th>

<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Bricklayers_and_Allied_Craftworkers"
title="International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers">International
Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Master_of_Work_to_the_Crown_of_Scotland" title="Master of

Work to the Crown of Scotland">Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Contractors_Association_of_America" title="Mason

Contractors Association of America">Mason Contractors Association of
America</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Operative_Plasterers%27_and_Cement_Masons
%27_International_Association" title="Operative Plasterers' and Cement Masons'
International Association">Operative Plasterers' and Cement Masons' International
Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Masons" title="Worshipful Company of

Masons">Worshipful Company of Masons</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs"><a
href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ceki%C4%87" title="eki Bosnian"
lang="bs" hreflang="bs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br"><a
href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morzhol" title="Morzhol Breton" lang="br"
hreflang="br" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca"><a
href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martell_(eina)" title="Martell (eina) Catalan"
lang="ca" hreflang="ca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Catal</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><a
href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kladivo" title="Kladivo Czech" lang="cs"
hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">etina</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn"><a
href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyundo" title="Nyundo Shona" lang="sn"
hreflang="sn" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy"><a
href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morthwyl" title="Morthwyl Welsh" lang="cy"
hreflang="cy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da"><a
href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer Danish" lang="da"
hreflang="da" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de"><a
href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer German" lang="de"
hreflang="de" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et"><a
href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasar" title="Vasar Estonian" lang="et"
hreflang="et" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE
%A3%CF%86%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF" title=" Greek" lang="el"
hreflang="el" class="interlanguage-link-target"></a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><a
href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martillo" title="Martillo Spanish" lang="es"
hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Espaol</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo"><a
href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelo" title="Martelo Esperanto" lang="eo"
hreflang="eo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu"><a
href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mailu" title="Mailu Basque" lang="eu"
hreflang="eu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA
%86%DA%A9%D8%B4" title=" Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa"
interwiki-fr"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marteau_(outil)" title="Marteau
(outil) French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Franais</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga"><a
href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas%C3%BAr" title="Casr Irish" lang="ga"
hreflang="ga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl"><a
href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelo" title="Martelo Galician" lang="gl"
hreflang="gl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%DA%86%DA%A9%DA%A9%DB%8A%D8%B4" title=" Gilaki" lang="glk"
hreflang="glk" class="interlanguage-link-target"></a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB
%A7%9D%EC%B9%98" title=" Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko"
interwiki-hy"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B3" title=" Armenian"
lang="hy" hreflang="hy" class="interlanguage-link-
target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><a
href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8C
%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE" title=" Hindi" lang="hi"
hreflang="hi" class="interlanguage-link-target"></a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%C4%8Ceki%C4%87" title="eki Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr"
class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link
interwiki-io"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelo" title="Martelo Ido"
lang="io" hreflang="io" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><a
href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu_(alat)" title="Palu (alat) Indonesian"
lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa
Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is"><a
href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamar" title="Hamar Icelandic" lang="is"
hreflang="is" class="interlanguage-link-target">slenska</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it"><a
href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martello" title="Martello Italian" lang="it"
hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A9" title=" Hebrew" lang="he"
hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target"></a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv"><a
href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandh%C3%A8n" title="Gandhn Javanese"
lang="jv" hreflang="jv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Jawa</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam"><a
href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martiliu" title="Martiliu Pampanga"
lang="pam" hreflang="pam" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk"><a
href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB
%D2%93%D0%B0_(%D2%9B%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB)" title="
() Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" class="interlanguage-link-
target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht"><a
href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mato" title="Mato Haitian Creole" lang="ht"
hreflang="ht" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyl ayisyen</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tev
%C5%9Fo" title="Tevo Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" class="interlanguage-
link-target">Kurd</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la"><a
href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleus_(instrumentum)" title="Malleus
(instrumentum) Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv"><a
href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80murs" title="murs Latvian" lang="lv"
hreflang="lv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latvieu</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb"><a
href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hummer_(Handwierksgeschir)" title="Hummer
(Handwierksgeschir) Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb"
class="interlanguage-link-target">Ltzebuergesch</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt"><a
href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaktukas" title="Plaktukas Lithuanian"
lang="lt" hreflang="lt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvi</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo"><a
href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martel_(arnes)" title="Martel (arnes)
Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Lumbaart</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu"><a
href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalap%C3%A1cs_(szersz%C3%A1m)"
title="Kalapcs (szerszm) Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu"
class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link
interwiki-ml"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A
%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95"
title=" Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" class="interlanguage-link-
target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr"><a
href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE
%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title=" Marathi"
lang="mr" hreflang="mr" class="interlanguage-link-target"></a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><a
href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukul" title="Tukul Malay" lang="ms"
hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%85" title=" Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn"
interwiki-my"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%E1%80%90%E1%80%B0(%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD
%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC)" title=" (
)Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my"
class="interlanguage-link-target"> </a></li><li class="interlanguage-
link interwiki-nl"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamer_(gereedschap)"
title="Hamer (gereedschap) Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl"
class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-
link interwiki-new"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE
%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83" title=" Newari" lang="new"
hreflang="new" class="interlanguage-link-target"> </a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%E6%A7%8C" title=" Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-
link-target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr"><a
href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6%C3%B6merk" title="Hmerk
Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no"><a
href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer_(redskap)" title="Hammer (redskap)
Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk
bokml</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn"><a
href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammar" title="Hammar Norwegian Nynorsk"
lang="nn" hreflang="nn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk
nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm"><a
href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%A9" title="Mart Nouormand"
lang="nrm" hreflang="nrm" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc"><a
href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%A8l_(espleit)" title="Martl (espleit)
Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or"><a
href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC
%A4%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BF" title=" Odia" lang="or"
hreflang="or" class="interlanguage-link-target"> </a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolg
%CA%BBa" title="Bolga Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" class="interlanguage-
link-target">Ozbekcha/</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-
pa"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%8C%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="
Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" class="interlanguage-link-
target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps"><a
href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%85%D9%BC%DA%A9" title="
Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" class="interlanguage-link-target">
</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl"><a
href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%82otek" title="Motek Polish" lang="pl"
hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><a
href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelo" title="Martelo Portuguese" lang="pt"
hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Portugus</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro"><a
href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciocan" title="Ciocan Romanian" lang="ro"
hreflang="ro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romn</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu"><a
href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takana" title="Takana Quechua" lang="qu"
hreflang="qu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="
Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-
target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah"><a
href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%8D"
title=" Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" class="interlanguage-link-
target"> </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco"><a
href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haimer" title="Haimer Scots" lang="sco"
hreflang="sco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq"><a
href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoomer" title="Hoomer Saterland Frisian"
lang="stq" hreflang="stq" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn"><a
href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marteddu" title="Marteddu Sicilian"
lang="scn" hreflang="scn" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple"><a
href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer Simple English"
lang="simple" hreflang="simple" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple
English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk"><a
href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kladivo_(n%C3%A1stroj)" title="Kladivo
(nstroj) Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Slovenina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so"><a
href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burris" title="Burris Somali" lang="so"
hreflang="so" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%9B" title=" Serbian" lang="sr"
hreflang="sr" class="interlanguage-link-target"> / srpski</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%C4%8Ceki%C4%87" title="eki Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh"
class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / </a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su"><a
href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu" title="Palu Sundanese" lang="su"
hreflang="su" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Sunda</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi"><a
href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasara" title="Vasara Finnish" lang="fi"
hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li
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href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammare" title="Hammare Swedish"
lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl"><a
href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martilyo" title="Martilyo Tagalog" lang="tl"
hreflang="tl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF
%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title=" Tamil" lang="ta"
hreflang="ta" class="interlanguage-link-target"></a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF"
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link-target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy"><a
href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B4hohko" title="Thohko Cheyenne"
lang="chy" hreflang="chy" class="interlanguage-link-
target">Tsetshesthese</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr"><a
href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87eki%C3%A7" title="eki Turkish"
lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Trke</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/
%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="
Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" class="interlanguage-link-
target"></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi"><a
href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAa" title="Ba Vietnamese" lang="vi"
hreflang="vi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ting Vit</a></li><li
class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls"><a
href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oamer" title="Oamer West Flemish"
lang="vls" hreflang="vls" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-
Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war"><a
href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martilyo" title="Martilyo Waray" lang="war"
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yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8E%9A%E4%BB%94" title=" Cantonese"
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smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%ABj%C4%81tis" title="Kjtis Samogitian"
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/File:Claw-hammer.jpg"

<div>A modern claw hammer</div>

<td><a href="/wiki/Hand_tool" title="Hand tool">Hand tool</a></td>

<th scope="row">Used with</th>

<td><a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">Construction</a></td>

<p>A <b>hammer</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">tool</a> or device

<p>Hammers are basic tools in many <a href="/wiki/Tradesman"

<p>Some specialized hammers have other names, such as <i><a

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<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Designs_and_variations"><span

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Hand-powered_hammers"><span

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Mechanically-

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Physics_of_hammering"><span

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Effect_of_the_handle"><span

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Effect_of_gravity"><span

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#War_hammers"><span

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Symbolic_hammers"><span

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#See_also"><span

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#References"><span

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#External_links"><span

<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-

<p>The use of simple hammers dates to about 2,600,000 <a href="/wiki/BCE"

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