CENTRE OF DIPLOMA STUDIES

DIPLOMA OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MATERIAL SELECTION
ENGINEERING
DAM 21102
LECTURER: EN MOHD HADRI BIN MOHAMED NOR
SECTION : 2

GROUP ASSIGNMENT 1:
NO GROUP MEMBERS MATRIC NO

1 HUMAYOUN BIN NAWAB KHAN AA141616

2 IMADDUDDIN BIN RAMLAN AA140210

3 HAMIRUL ZULFITRIE BIN ZURAIDE AA141303

4 HUMAYOUN BIN NAWAB KHAN AA141616

5 HAZIRAH BINTI KAMAL AA141249

ELABORATE IN DETAIL
Methods Of Material Selection

1) Classical
Selection is done through analysis of function and analysis of function and
properties specification properties specification.
Classical method is more specified, more global, high cost, required longer
time to complete the selection and need to do a prototype test.

2) Imitative
Selection is made by equality or similarity equality or similarity of function.
Faster and involve low cost, however they are more suitable for an
experienced person or designer.

3) Comparison
Assume the component is made from a normal & low cost material.
The material disability is then evaluated.
If it is not suitable then the other material is selected and evaluated.
The process goes on until a suitable material is obtained.

Characteristics

1) Classical
Function of component
Requirement of component
Materials properties requirement

2) Imitative
Faster and involve low cost, however they are more suitable for an
experienced person or designer.

3) Comparison
Same with imitative method, faster and involve low cost and more suitable for
an experienced person /designer.

Example

1) Classical

Boieng 787 Dreamliner Airbus A350 XWB

Function Transporting 210250 of Transporting 314 of passenger
passenger
Range 14200km-15000km 16000km
Width
between 60m 54m
wing
Lenght 17mx57m 16.9m x 60.3m
Internal
 cabin 5.4 m 5.58m
width

2) Imitative
- Some metal toilet bolts have a yellowish zinc coating that makes them look like
brass.
- Durable recycled plastic polymer crafted to look and feel like real wood.
- Ceramic knife.
- Ceramic with platinum lustre.
3) Comparison
- Comparison of appearance, durability and cost of ceramic, concrete, granite, paper
composite, quartz and wood in material selection.
- Comparison of specification of two newest model of mobile phone, Apple iPhone
6s and Sony Xperia Z5 premium.

References

1) https://www.scribd.com/doc/295800080/Bab-01-Introduction
2) Engineering Materials: Properties and Selection (6th Edition)
3) Selection of Engineering Materials and Adhesives
4) Materials and Process Selection for Engineering Design, Third Edition

Obtain the material properties (size, shape, etc.) for steel from following source of
information:

I. ASTM:
Mild/low carbon steel (ASTM A36)
ASTM A36 is usually available in rectangular bar, square bar, circular rod, steel
shapes such as channels, angles, H-beams and I-beams.
Density of ASTM A36 is 7.85 g/cm3.
Tensile strength is 400 - 550 MPa.
Yield strength is 250 MPa.
Poissons Ratio is 0.260.
Modulus of Elasticity is 200 GPa

II. JIS:
Mild steel (JIS S45C)
JIS S45C is usually supplied as square bar, round bar and flat.
Density of JIS S45C is 7700-8030 kg/m3.
Tensile Strength is 569 MPa.
 Yield Strength is 343 MPa.
Poissons Ratio is 0.27-0.30.
Youngs Modulus is 190-210 GPa.

III. BSI:

BSI British Standards provides guidance and specification on technical delivery

conditions for a range of steel products, such as hot or cold rolled sheet steel, semi-
finished products and non-alloy structural steel.

Key standards:

Bright steel

BS EN 10111:2008
Continuously hot rolled low carbon steel sheet and strip for cold forming. Technical
delivery conditions.

BS EN 10028-1:2007
Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes. General requirements

BS EN 10088-4:2009
Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion
resisting steels for construction purposes

BS EN 10088-5:2009
Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for bars, rods, wire, sections and bright
products of corrosion resisting steels for construction purposes

BS 7079:2009
General introduction to standards for preparation of steel substrates before application
of paints and related products

BS EN 10253-4:2008
Butt-welding pipe fittings. Wrought austenitic and austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless
steels with specific inspection requirements

BS EN 10277-1:2008
Bright steel products. Technical delivery conditions. General

151gr. 360,400,430 steel Mechanical properties

TSt E Yield Impact Energy (KV J) (min)

Tensile Strength Elongation
255ckness Strength
MPa % (min) -20 0 20
(mm) MPa(min)
 16 235 360 to 480 24 27 34 40
16t 40 225 360 to 480 24 27 34 40
40t 60 215 360 to 480 24 27 34 40
6t 100 200 360 to 480 24 27 34 40
100t 150 185 350 to 480 24 27 34 40

150t 250 170 350 to 480 24 27 34 40

IV. MS :
MALAYSIAN STANDARD MS ISO 9000 : 2015

This Malaysian Standard provides the fundamental concepts, principles and

vocabulary for quality management systems (QMS) and provides the foundation for other
QMS standards. This Malaysian Standard is intended to help the user to understand the
fundamental concepts, principles and vocabulary fo quality management systems (QMS) and
provides the foundation for other QMS standards.

The second revision of MS ISO 9000 : 2015 describes the fundamental concepts and
principles of quality management which are universally applicable to the following :

a) organisations seeking sustained success throught the implementation of a quality

management system

b) customers seeking confidence in a organisation's ability to consistenly provide products

and services conforming to their requirements

c) organisations seeking confidence in their supply chain that their product and service
requirements will be met

d) organisations and interested parties seeking to improve communication through a common

understanding of the vocabulary used in quality management

e) organisations performing conformity assessments against the requirements of ISO 9001;

f) providers of training assessment or advice in quality management and

g) developers of related standards

This Malaysian Standard proposed a well-defined QMS, based on a framework that

integrates established fundamental concepts, principles, processes and resources related to
quality, in order to help organisations realize their objectives. Its aim is to increase an
organisation's awareness of its duties and commitment in fulfilling the needs and expectations
of its customers and interested parties, an in achieving satisfaction with its products and
services.

MALAYSIAN STANDARDS ON LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (LEDs)

Over the past few years a new light source named light emitting diodes, or LEDs has
been introduced into the exterior lighting market. LEDs or solid-state lighting solutions, were
developed in the electronics industry when it was discovered that light is produced when a
current is passed through a diode.

The environmental and energy saving concerns are driving the global take-up of
energy-efficient bulbs. LEDs promise the benefits of long life, low energy, minimal
maintenance and flexible lighting output. Since then LEDs becoming more and more popular
with consumers in this category. LED-based lighting solutions are built on LED chips and
modules. Light-emitting diode (LED) technology is rapidly improving and is becoming more
common in commercial settings.

LED products need proper standards to ensure the safety, and to measure the
performance of LED-related control gear, lamps, modules and luminaires. Realising the
needs for Malaysian Standards on LED, the following MS have been published covering
safety and testing, performance and controlgears of LEDs.

MS IEC 60598-1:2012 (P), Luminaires - Part 1: General requirements and tests

MS IEC 60838-2-2:2008, Miscellaneous lampholders - Part 2-2:Particular
requirements - Connectors for LED-modules
MS IEC 61347-1:2012 (P), Lamp controlgear - Part 1: General and safety
requirements
MS IEC 61347-2-13:2012 (P), Lamp controlgear - Part 2-13: Particular requirements
for d.c. or a.c. supplied electronic control gear for LED modules
MS IEC 62031:2011, LED modules for general lighting - Safety specifications
MS IEC 62384:2012 (P), DC or AC supplied electronic controlgear for LED modules
- Performance requirements
MS IEC 62560:2012 (P), Self-ballasted LED-lamps for general lighting services by
voltage > 50 V - Safety specifications
MS 62504:2012 (P), General lighting - LEDs and LED modules - Terms and
definitions
 MS 62612:2012 (P), Self-ballasted LED-lamps for general lighting services -
Performance requirements
MS 62717:2012 (P), LED modules for general lighting - Performance requirements
MS 62722-1:2012 (P), Luminaire performance - Part 1: General requirements
MS 62722-2-1(P), Luminaire performance - Part 2-1: Particular requirements for LED
luminaires