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potential energy kinetic energy work w= F dx statistical interpretation energy fluctuations and heat capacities
Internal energy U Entropy S of equilibrium Derivation of PV = nRT
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
chemical energy Energy w= P dV fluctuations vs. dissipation Equipartition of energy
transport
Brownian motion
Equilibrium constants
Enthalpy H Free energies G and A diffusion
G = H T S
Laws of Thermodynamics
The eyes of a thermodynamicist:
2. Entropy increases Separation of system and bath bridge macroscopic and microscopic
3. Absolute entropy
S = 0 when T= 0 Work on system vs. on surroundings Entropy Probability
Reversible and irreversible processes
Adiabatic vs. isothermal (heat flow)
Closed vs. open (mass flow) Eyes of a statistical mechanic:
How does energy flow, change, and degrade? Ensembles microcanonical, canonical, grand canonical
Molecular descriptions to calculate Q
From Q calculate thermodynamics
From individtual particles to collective behavior
the arrow of time
Molecular descriptions transition state theory
efficiency of a heat engine Empircal rules from
Carnot cycle to macroscopic properties Activation energy
macroscopic observations Free energy
G
G
Thermodynamics, Statistical Mechanics
and Kinetics Eyes of a dynamicist:
reaction coordinate
energy crisis
Dynamic equilibrium
Form
Partial derivatives of state functions al
ma potential energy surfaces
th
em Fundamental questions
When substances are mixed, will they react?
If a reaction occurs, how much energy will be released?
ti
concentration A B C 1 2
T P
V
=
S ra [B] [C]
a
S V
tu Rate Laws and Reaction Mechanisms
s half-life 0
0 time
Differential forms steady state approximation
U G Michaelis-Menten kinetics
femtochemistry
T-jump
verified facts and theoretical understanding generate solutions to hard problems carbonic anhydrase