TUGAS FISIKA DASAR

CIRCULAR MOTION

OLEH KELOMPOK 4

1. ALFIATUZ ZAHRO (AKF16015)

2. HENI DWI ASTUTI (AKF16079)
3. M. NABIL HABIBULLAH (AKF16108)
4. NOVITA EKA PUTRI A. (AKF16125)

AKADEMI FARMASI PUTRA INDONESIA MALANG

APRIL 2016
1. Why does the water stay in the bucket when its in vertical uniform circular motion?
Thus, in uniform circular motion there must be a net force to produce the centripetal
acceleration. The centripetal force is the name given to the net force required to keep an
object moving on a circular path. With centripetal force, the water stay in the bucket because
the direction of the centripetal force always points toward the center of the circle and
continually changes direction as the object moves.
Source : http://www.physics.ohio-state.edu/~humanic/p111_lecture10.pdf
If centripetal force was the only active one, then the rotating body should have all mass
elements in compression, and it should never fly apart. This clearly is not what happens.
Tensile stresses cause cracking and eventual disintegration at higher speed, so tensile (or
outward) forces are clearly at play. A rotating wheel is a noninertial reference frame and
Newtons first and second laws do not apply. However, the third law of equal action and
reaction makes sense if we consider the rotating wheel as a stationary frame of reference.
This is valid in some engineering constructs (specifically, space-vector modulation in three-
phase AC motors) to visualize the forces and to simplify the mathematics. If I take as my
reference the rotating frame, then there is a balance of centripetal and centrifugal forces.
Source : Victor Wowk, Machine Dynamics, Inc., Rio Rancho, New Mexico
http://www.sandv.com/downloads/1506wowk.pd
2. Why centrifugal force called frictitious force?
Viewed from the rotating frame of reference, the fictitious centrifugal force throws particles
outward, hastening their sedimentation. The greater the angular velocity, the greater the
centrifugal force. But what really happens is that the inertia of the particles carries them
along a line tangent to the circle while the test tube is forced in a circular path by a
centripetal force.

Centrifuges use inertia to perform their task. Particles in the liquid sediment come out
because their inertia carries them away from the center of rotation. The large angular velocity
of the centrifuge quickens the sedimentation. Ultimately, the particles will come into contact
with the test tube walls, which will then supply the centripetal force needed to make them
move in a circle of constant radius.
Source : OpenStax-CNX module: m42142
fictitious-forces-and-non-inertial-frames-the-coriolis-force-3.pdf
3. How does centrifuge machine works? Explain with physics concept in circular motion!
Looking inside, from the front, we can see that the main parts are a powerful motor (orange,
center); a spindle and flexible collar (blue); and multiple pairs of diametrically balanced
pockets into which standard-sized test tubes can be inserted (colored red and green). You load
up the machine and securely close the lid, which usually has a lock on it to prevent the
centrifuge from being fired up when it's open. Then you switch on by turning a rotary dial on
the outside of the case (not shown), which lets you adjust the speed up or down as necessary.
Balance is absolutely critical in a high-speed centrifuge: if one of the pairs of pockets is
empty and the other full, the difference in weight will make the machine vibrate dangerously,
possibly smashing the sample tubes inside. But balancing test tubes exactly can be very
difficult, so machines like this one have flexible rubber collars on their spindles that allow
the loaded pockets to rotate about their true center of gravity, thus minimizing any unwanted
vibration.

Source : http://www.explainthatstuff.com/centrifuges.html