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I. ABSTRACT
A colloid is a type of mixture in which a substance is dispersed evenly over another, basing its
definition on the particle size, which is from 1 to 100 nanometers or 10-9 meters. A colloidal system has
two phases: the dispersing or continuous phase and the dispersed or internal phase. The former refers to
the medium used while the latter are the particles present in the system. Sols are classified under
colloids, a type of dispersion to which a solid is dispersed in liquid. Aerosols, a colloidal system in which a
liquid is dispersed in either a solid or a gas, is also classified here. And finally, emulsions, a dispersion of
liquid in liquid, is also considered as a type of colloid. This system can either exist in a solid, liquid, or
gaseous state, and it has two properties: Tyndall effect or the ability of the particles to scatter light and
precipitation or the formation of insoluble solid in liquid.
The experiment aims to determine the differences between the various kinds of colloids, as well
as the properties they exhibit. The experiment also aims to compare the two principal methods in
preparing colloidal system, dispersion and condensation.
III. KEYWORDS: Colloids, Solution, Suspension, Dispersed phase, Dispersing medium, Sol, Lyophobic,
Lyophilic, Emulsion, Tyndall effect, Precipitation
There were four observable layers in the Colloids are everywhere. We may find it
Alexanders patriotic tube. The bottom from the food we eat, the air we breathe and
gelatinous layer is composed of agar, even in nature. It is important for us to know the
NaOH, and phenolphthalein, which is properties of colloid that differentiate it from
seen as pink (due to the presence of a solutions and suspensions. Through testing
base and a base-indicator). The Tyndall effect and observing precipitation, we
transparent part above it is caused by may say that a sample is a colloid. Aside from
the chlorine entering and dispersing to that the nature of substance involved,
the matrix of the gel. The upper layer, temperature and polarity may also affect a
which is blue in color, was formed from colloidal system.
the reaction of ferric chloride with
It is recommended in this experiment to
potassium ferrocyanide. This layer is
calculate exact amounts of reagents to obtain
Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 or Prussian blue, which is
results close to the theoretical yield. Following
a highly insoluble substance but tends
the procedures strictly in this experiment can
to form colloids. And finally, the topmost
help achieve theoretical results.
layer, yellow in color, is from the excess
ferric chloride. Below are summaries of the types of colloids
and the differences between colloid, solution
and suspension:
IX. REFERENCES