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(a) Write down the name or symbol of one other transition element.
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(b) One physical property of metals is that they have high tensile strength.
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[Total: 4]
14 Sodium is an alkali metal.
(a) Write down the name or symbol of one other alkali metal.
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oil
sodium
The sodium is covered with oil. The oil stops sodium reacting with
water. Write down one other reason why sodium must be stored under
oil.
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[Total: 4]
13 Sodium is an alkali metal.
oil
sodium
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experimental observations
names of products
a balanced symbol equation.
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[Total: 5]
11 This question is about the elements in the Periodic Table.
H He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca
Choose your answers from the symbols shown on this Periodic Table.
Each symbol can be used once, more than once or not at all.
(c) Write the symbol for an element with an atom with seven electrons in its outer shell.
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[Total: 3]
(a) Look at the table. It shows information about some of the halogens.
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(c) The reactivity of the halogens changes as the atomic number increases.
Describe how.
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(d) Look at the table. It shows information about two isotopes of chlorine.
isotope 1 isotope 2
atomic number 17 17
mass number 35 37
number of protons 17 17
number of neutrons 18 20
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[Total /5]
14 This question is about alkali metals and their compounds.
flame test
wire
hydrochloric metal
acid compound bunsen
burner
Look at Hannahs results.
sodium chloride
compound A red
What is the colour of the flame when Hannah tests sodium chloride?
Which metal?
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(b) Potassium chloride is made of particles.
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[Total: 5]
5 The halogens are a group of diatomic non-metals showing a trend in colour, state and reactivity.
(b) The table gives some information about some of the halogens.
melting point boiling point state at room
element colour
/ oC / oC temperature
bromine -7 +59
(i) Complete the last column in the table to show the state of each of the halogens at
room temperature. [2]
[1]
[1]
(c) Complete the word equation for the reaction of chlorine with potassium iodide.
[2]
(d) (i) Draw a diagram to show the electronic structure of a chlorine molecule.
Show only the outer electrons.
[2]
[1]
(e) The structures of some substances containing halogens are shown below.
Na+ Cl Na+ Cl
Cl Na+ Cl Na+
F
+
Na Cl +
Na Cl F Br
Br Br H Cl F
A B C D
[1]
(ii) Which one of these structures forms hydrochloric acid when dissolved in water?
[1]
(f) Astatine, At, is below iodine in Group VII of the Periodic Table.
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iv) The most common isotope of astatine has a nucleon number (mass number) of
210.
Calculate the number of neutrons in this isotope of astatine.
[1]
(a) (i) How does their colour change down the Group?
[1]
(ii) How does their physical state (solid, liquid or gas) change down the Group?
[1]
colour
(b) Describe how you could distinguish between aqueous potassium bromide and aqueous
potassium iodide.
test
(c) 0.015 moles of iodine react with 0.045 moles of chlorine to form 0.030 moles of a single
product. Complete the equation.
I2 + Cl2 [2]
[2]
(a) The element germanium has a diamond-type structure. Describe the structure of
germanium. A diagram is acceptable.
[2]
(ii)
G
ive a use of graphite that depends on one of these properties.
property
[3]
use [1]
(c) Carbon dioxide and silicon(IV) oxide have similar formulae but different types of
structure.
[1]
[2]
(d) All these elements form compounds with hydrogen called hydrides. The saturated
hydrides of carbon are the alkanes. Predict the formula of the hydride of germanium
which contains two germanium atoms.
[1]
6 The halogens are a group of elements showing trends in colour, state and reaction with other halide
ions.
(a) Complete the word equation for the reaction of chlorine with aqueous potassium
bromide.
(b) Explain why an aqueous solution of iodine does not react with potassium chloride.
[1]
(i) in total,
[1]
[Total: 10]
4 Use your copy of the periodic table to help you answer these questions.
(c) Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of the valency electrons in one molecule of
the covalent compound nitrogen trichloride.
[2]
(e) Fluorine and astatine are halogens. Use your knowledge of the other halogens to predict the
following:
[2]
[Total 15]
[2]
(ii) Explain why iodine does not react with a solution of potassium bromide.
[1]
(f) When chlorine reacts with sodium to form sodium chloride, energy is released.
[1]
[1]
(iii) Explain what happens in terms of electron transfer when a sodium atom reacts with a chlorine
atom.
[2]