James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley
Field Marshal James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley
and 1st Baron Kilmaine, PC (1682 14 July 1774),
was an Irish ocer in the British Army. After serving
as a junior ocer in Spain and the Low Countries during
the War of the Spanish Succession, he went on to be-
come British ambassador to Lisbon establishing a close
relationship with King John V there. He undertook a tour
as British ambassador to Saint Petersburg before becom-
ing Governor of Gibraltar where he set about improving
the fortications. He was briey commander of British
troops in Portugal during the Seven Years War but was
replaced within a few months. During his military career
he was colonel of eight dierent regiments.
1 Military career
Born the son of Charles O'Hara, 1st Baron Tyrawley,
and Frances O'Hara (ne Rouse), James O'Hara was
commissioned as a lieutenant in the Royal Fusiliers on 15 basador and commander of British troops in February
March 1703.[1] He was promoted to captain on 24 March
1705.[2]
O'Hara fought at the Siege of Barcelona in April 1706 turned to England [15]
and was wounded at the Battle of Almansa in April 1707 on 10 June 1763,
[2]
during the War of the Spanish Succession. He was rede-
ployed to the Low Countries as aide-de-camp to the Duke
of Marlborough and was wounded again at the Battle of
Malplaquet in September 1709.[2] He succeeded his fa-
ther as colonel of the Royal Fusiliers in January 1713
and then served with his regiment in Minorca for several
years.[2] For this he was appointed an aide-de-camp to the
King in 1717 and, while serving in Ireland, was created
Baron Kilmaine in the Peerage of Ireland on 2 January
1722.[3] He succeeded his father as 2nd Baron Tyrawley
in June 1724.[2]
Lord Tyrawley and Kilmaine (as he was now) was ap-
pointed British ambassador to Lisbon in January 1727[4]
establishing a close relationship with King John V
there.[1] Promoted to brigadier-general on 18 Decem-
ber 1735[5] and to major-general on 17 July 1739,[6] he
also became colonel of the 5th Regiment of Horse in
August 1739.[2] After retiring from his post in Lisbon
in January 1741,[7] he declined an American command
later that year.[2] Promoted to lieutenant-general on 5
April 1743,[8] he became colonel of the 2nd Troop Horse
Grenadier Guards later that month and was appointed
British ambassador to Saint Petersburg in November
1743.[9] He retired from the Saint Petersburg post in
February 1745.[10]
Lord Tyrawley became colonel of the 3rd Troop of Horse
Guards in April 1745 and colonel of the Lord Tyrawleys
Regiment in December 1746 before becoming Governor
of Minorca in 1747.[2] He was elected Fellow of the
Royal Society in January 1748.[11] He went on to be-
come colonel of the 14th Regiment of Dragoons in July
1749,[12] colonel of the 3rd (Kings Own) Regiment of
Dragoons in July 1752 and colonel of the Coldstream
Guards in April 1755.[2]
Tyrawley became Governor of Gibraltar in 1756 and set
about improving the fortications. These changes came
under criticism from William Skinner who was British
Chief Engineer. The two of them were called before the
bar of the House of Commons where Lord Tyrawley ha-
rangued Skinner who took the anger in good humour.[13]
Tyrawley went on to be Governor of Portsmouth in
1759.[1]
Promoted to full general on 14 March 1761,[14] Lord
Tyrawley and Kilmaine returned to Lisbon as British am-
1762 for the duration of the Seven Years War but was
replaced by General John Burgoyne in July 1762 and re-
in protest.[2] Promoted to eld marshal
[16]
he moved to Milbourne House in
Barnes in 1770. He died at Twickenham on 14 July
1774 and was buried in the chapel of the Royal Hospital
[17]
Chelsea.
The Siege of Barcelona, where Lord Tyrawley and Kilmaine rst
saw action
2 Family
In November 1724, Lord Tyrawley and Kilmaine mar-
ried Mary Stewart, daughter of The 2nd Viscount Moun-
tjoy.[17] He had no children by this marriage but had at
1
2 4 SOURCES

least two illegitimate children including Charles O'Hara,

who followed him into the Army, and George Anne
Bellamy, who became an actress.[1] The diarist Sylas
Neville mentions meeting a naval ocer stationed at
Great Yarmouth in 1771 whose name is O'Hara, a natu-
ral son of Lord Tyrawley. [18]

3 References
[1] Handley, Stuart (2004). O'Hara, James, second Baron
Tyrawley and Baron Kilmaine (1681/21773)". Ox-
ford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University
Press. Retrieved 19 July 2014.

[2] Heathcote, p. 234

[3] No. 6023. The London Gazette. 6 January 1722. p. 2.

[4] No. 6642. The London Gazette. 16 January 1727. p. 1.

[5] No. 7464. The London Gazette. 16 December 1735. p.

1.

[6] No. 7823. The London Gazette. 14 July 1739. p. 2.

[7] No. 8082. The London Gazette. 5 January 1741. p. 2.

[8] No. 8211. The London Gazette. 2 April 1743. p. 3.

[9] No. 8327. The London Gazette. 12 May 1744. p. 1.

[10] No. 8417. The London Gazette. 23 March 1745. p. 1.

[11] Library and Archive Catalogue (PDF). Royal Society.

Retrieved 19 July 2014.

[12] No. 8876. The London Gazette. 15 August 1749. p. 1.

[13] Latcham, Paul (2004). Skinner, William (1699/1700

1780)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,
Oxford University Press. Retrieved 19 July 2014.

[14] No. 10086. The London Gazette. 10 March 1761. p. 2.

[15] No. 10332. The London Gazette. 19 July 1763. p. 5.

[16] People of Mortlake, Barnes and East Sheen (PDF).

Barnes and Mortlake History Society. Retrieved 19 July
2014.

[17] Heathcote, p.235

[18] Cozens-Hardy, B.: The Diary of Sylas Neville; Oxford

University Press, 1950; page 93.

4 Sources
Heathcote, Tony (1999). The British Field Marshals
1736-1997. Pen & Sword Books Ltd. ISBN 0-
85052-696-5.
 3

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