Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Course Instructor
Zubair Syed, PhD, MIEAust
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Environmental Engineering
http://www.colorado.edu/engineering/civil/CVEN1317/resources/enviro.pdf
What topics does environmental engineering
cover?
http://www.colorado.edu/engineering/civil/CVEN1317/resources/enviro.pdf
Environmental Engineering
It also includes studies on environmental impact of
proposed construction projects.
Many plants are fully automated and require a limited number of personnel to
operate.
The technology produces high-quality water, in some cases having less than 10
mg/1 of total dissolved solids.
Disadvantages of Thermal Desalination
Some distillation processes are energy-intensive, particularly large-capacity
plants.
The technology requires the use of chemical products, such as acids, that need
special handling.
Reverse Osmosis System (RO)
RO system consists of four major components /
processes:
Pretreatment
Pressurization
Membrane Separation
Post-Treatment Stabilization
Reverse Osmosis System (RO)
Reverse Osmosis
Advantages of Reverse Osmosis
Questions
Why is wastewater a problem?
How is wastewater treatment done?
Wastewater Sources
Human wastes
Household wastes
Groundwater infiltration
Industrial wastes
Other sources
Types of Wastewater
Municipal wastewater: collected from public sewage
system and treated in municipal wastewater treatment
plant.
Industrial wastewater: collected from manufacturing
industries including dairies, food processing, textile, etc.
and it has different concentration of pollutants compared
to domestic wastewater
Wastewater Characteristics
Physical:
Total suspended solids, turbidity, color, particle size distribution,
temperature , density, odor, and conductivity
Chemical:
Inorganic: pH, metal ions, total phosphorus, total nitrogen,
gases (CO2, O2, CH4, NH3)
Organics: biological oxygen demands (BOD), chemical oxygen
demand (COD)
Biological: bacteria and viruses
Wastewater Composition
Composition varies widely:
Water (>95%): added during flushing to carry waste down a drain.
Pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungus, and parasitic worms.
Non-pathogenic bacteria.
Organic particles: feces, hairs, food, vomit, paper fibers, plant
material, humus, etc.
Macro-solids: sanitary napkins/diapers, needles, children's toys,
dead animals or plants, etc.
Gases: hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, methane, etc.
Emulsions: paints, adhesives, hair colorants, emulsified oils, etc.
Toxins: pesticides, poisons, herbicides, etc.
Wastewater Composition Cont.
Soluble organic material: urea, fruit sugars, soluble proteins,
drugs, pharmaceuticals, etc.
Inorganic particles: sand, grit, metal particles, ceramics, etc.
Soluble inorganic material: ammonia, road-salt, sea-salt,
cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, etc.
Animals such as protozoa, insects, small fish, etc.
Wastewater Treatment
Wastewater treatment is a process of cleaning used water and sewage
so it can be returned safely to our environment.
Solids drawn off the bottom and skimmed off the top receive
further treatment as sludge.