Ep istemo lo gy in p h ysio th er ap y
profile and the new logic of the
Epistemologa En La Fisioterapia
RES UMEN
En este trabajo quiero mostrar la
epistemologa en la fisioterapia,
demostrando que lo ms importante es
la rehabilitacin del paciente, donde
muestra que tiene diferentes ramas,
donde tambin nos demuestra que la
fisioterapeuta es una ciencia muy
importante en la salud
ABS TRA CT
In this work I want to show the
epistemology in the physiotherapy,
demonstrating that it more important
is the rehabilitation of the patient,
where shows that has different
branches, where also us shows that the
physiotherapist is a science very
important in the health
I n tr o d u ctio n :
Physical therapy is a profession in the
area of health, which has traditionally
been seen as that studies, prevents and
treats kinetic disorders in organs and
systems of the body the
physiotherapist since its inception as a
profession has devoted his attention
mainly to the treatment and
rehabilitation of patients with disorders
of the human body movement.
However, the new epidemiological
Organization of the health systems in
Latin America and the world suggest
that a restructuring of the internships
should be made and the redefinition of
fields of action of the physiotherapist,
health professional education has been
directed to a better quality of life, for
epistemology in physiotherapy studies
the human being from the holistic
understanding it to be a bio-psycho-
anthropo-socio-cultural The concept of
body has been associated with the
functional interpretation of the
movement and has deepened about its
mechanical, physiological and
neurological ability.
Currently, there is an emphasis on the
understanding of physiotherapy from a
field not only biological but also social.
This merger, although nascent, focuses
on incorporating new categories to the
biological hegemonic gaze, noting two
aspects: the first based on a
functionalist movement concept and
therefore the role of physical therapy
in the care of that capacity and in
attention to the deviation of the
patterns of normal (7-12) and the
second, focusing on approach the
social elements and define what
physiotherapy performance transcends
the control of functional and biological
alteration of the body movement
 the body movement of the human
being in addition to the movement that
we know exists the intention,
instrument of growth, maturation and
learning and this is very important for
human evolution.
For physiotherapy, its interpretation
has been more focused on
understanding this physical capabilities
and the ways how it behaves with
regard to the functionality of the
movement, in the identification and
study of the body in relation to the
construction of identity and language
in people. Thing from a social line
becomes relevant in the field of
knowledge and action of
physiotherapy.
The movement, in this sense, is a
dimension of existence that enables
the expression, the notion of the self
and others, the possibility of building
projects and therefore, development
processes. Body, and as his expression
movement, availability refers to the
attitude of the subject in relation to its
body, which in turn is determined by
the experience and whose nu-cleo is
the notion of consciousness. The
concept of body has been associated
with the functional interpretation of
the movement and has deepened
about their physiological, neurological,
and mechanical ability. For
physiotherapy, its interpretation has
been more focused on understanding
this physical capabilities and the ways
how it behaves with regard to the
functionality of the movement, in the
identification and study of the body in
relation to the construction of identity
and language in people. Thing from a
social line becomes relevant in the field
of knowledge and action of
physiotherapy
MA TERI A L A ND METH OD S
In the database Pubmed a search was
performed on August 14, 2013 with
Cerebral Palsy words combined with
Exercise, 1024 items were obtained.
After applying the filters Free Full Text
Available, 10 years publication dates
and Humans species list was reduced
to 127 articles. Of which manually 6
items were selected. The same day we
searched with words/Cerebral Palsy
combined with Aquatic. The same
filters were used, and 2 items were
obtained. On August 24, 2013 Bireme
was carried out a search in the
database, we used the keyword
hydrotherapy. Applied filters: available
full-text, topic main hydrotherapy and
limit human. Be obtained 191 articles
of which by selection manual is rescued
6 articles. In the same database the day
25 of August of 2013 is carried out a
 search with the words paralysis
Cerebral, is applied them filters: text
full available, theme main: therapy by
exercise and modalities of therapy
physical. Be obtained 197 articles and
through a selection manual is selected
3 articles. The inclusion criteria used
were that the items were related to the
treatment of cerebral palsy through
physical exercise and aquatic therapy.
And those who use aquatic therapy to
treat cerebral palsy related
complications. Items that were
excluded were for not being related to
the aquatic exercise or physical activity.
In addition to those involving invasive
treatment for the complications of
brain injury. We conducted a
systematic review retrospective,
descriptive and qualitative.
RES ULTS :
7 items have been selected to develop
the present work, the themes and
objectives of the studies selected for
this are varied, but all have as common
denominator the physical activities in
the aquatic environment. Below is the
analysis of the level of evidence
according to the scale (Scottish
Intercollegiate Guidelines Network)
SIGN:
Case study, on a child of 10 years of
age with PC of ataxic type that had no
experience in the aquatic environment.
By the observation is found the
presence of tremors and difficulties in
the control postural and in the talks.
However it could move independently.
The subject was subjected to a
program of aquatic exercises with the
aim of achieving autonomy in the
middle.
D I S CUS S I ON A ND CONCLUS I ON:
7 studies, 5 were performed on
children and adolescents, one about a
group of premature babies and the
other was a case study on a 78-year-old
patient, had in common that analyzed
effects of aquatic exercise
interventions, although with different
approaches and objectives. There is
heterogeneity in the results, so it
becomes difficult to carry out an
analysis of the knowledge (3). In terms
of age to carry out therapeutic
intervention is known to how much
earlier is made more likely is of
successful changes. Currently is
thought to be possible some neuronal
recovery in the PC. A cortical
reorganization as response to training
is possible in patients with brain
lesions, these changes allow functional
gains. Advances in neuroscience give
great importance to motor activity for
the establishment and strengthening of
the nerve pathways. If the activity is
 reduced neuronal recovery is not
possible. The neural reorganization and
growth again neural tissue is
dependent on use, repetitive activity
stimulates growth, why are important
early and intense therapies. The
potential for both positive and negative
changes is higher the younger is the
individual. This causes the need to act
urgently, with optimal strategies to
promote change. Not act properly or
do it late favors the onset of secondary
disorders to injury.
Most of the programs had a frequency
of 2 sessions per week, duration of
between 45 and 60 minutes, and the
total length of the intervention was 2
months. Similar results were found by
J.W. Gorter and S. J. Currie (3). Studies
on patients PC reflect improvements in
balance and posture through muscle
strengthening and gain flexibility. As
well as an increase in aquatic skills. This
differs from the results obtained by
J.W. Gorter and S. J. Currie (3) which
were based on aerobic work. Adequate
levels of muscular strength and
flexibility are key to a functioning
Musculoskeletal and joint preservation.
The reduction of these levels leads to
the loss of functionality and autonomy
(1). Formerly considered inappropriate
force exercises for patients with PC
with component spastic, believing that
they would cause even more spasticity
and abnormal patterns of movement.
Now research suggests that physical
activity involving strength exercises
improves resistance and can lead to a
better functional ability of children
with PC.
It is necessary that aquatic exercise
programs include muscular strength
training, to increase the postural
stability. Accordingly is expected an
increase of the capacity functional and
improves of the March in land. It is
necessary for researchers to focus on
defining more important to develop
physical abilities and load parameters,
to create well structured physical
activity programs to promote the early
involvement of children with CP in
order to minimize the side effects of
the disease, and should be evaluated
with measures objective to determine
the effectiveness of the intervention.
Treatments through physical activities
can only be justified if they produce a
change in the quality of life and
functionality of the person who
receives them. It must be scientific
evidence that supports the efficacy or
effectiveness of physical therapy, and
thus justify the often used in this
population
REF ERENCI A S
http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rfnsp/v3
3n2/v33n2a11.pdf
https://aprendeenlinea.udea.edu.co/re
vistas/index.php/fnsp/article/view/207
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https://desdeoceanomar.wordpress.co
m/tag/epistemologia/
https://desdeoceanomar.wordpress.co
m/tag/epistemologia/