Anatomy

- glossary of terms-

Nr. Word Phonetic Definition Translation

Crt. transcription

A
1 abdomen bdmn the belly, the abdomen
part of the
trunk between
thorax and the
perineum,
adjective -
abdominal.
2 abducent bdus.nt from, and abductor
ducens = led,
hence, moving
from, or
effecting
separation.
3 abduction bdkn /bdk.n/ /b from, and abducie
dk.n
ductum = led,
hence,
movement
from; verb -
abduct.
4 aberrant brnt from, and aberant
errare = to
wander,
hence,
deviating
from normal.
5 accessory kssr added, hence, accesoriu
supplementary
.
6 accommoda kmden to, and modus adapt
tion = measure, are
hence,
adaptation of
 the optical
power
(focussing) of
the eye for
shorter
distances.
7 anaesthesia /n.s.iz.i./ n.s.iz.i. negative, and anestezie
n.s.i. /n.s.i.
aisthesis =
sensation,
hence, loss of
sensation;
adjective -
anaesthetic.
8 anatomy ntmi Greek ana = anatomie
up, and tome
= a cutting,
hence cutting
up of a body
(c.f.
dissection).
9 angiograph Greek angiografie
y angeion (v.s.)
and graphe =
a record,
hence a
picture of a
blood vessel
which has
been injected
with a dye or
radiopaque
material.
10 ankle e.kl /e.kl/ the region glezn
between the
leg and the
foot.
11 appendix pn.dks/ pn.dks Latin apendice
appendere =
to hang on,
supplement.
12 arm m the upper bra
 limb, between
shoulder and
elbow.
13 artery .t./ /.t/ atr Latin arteria arter
(which
originally
meant air- or
wind-pipe,
and later a
blood vessel
carrying blood
away from the
heart).
14 articulation tk.jle.n joint, hence, articulaie
articulate - to
form a joint.
B
1 basilar Latin basis = inferior
base.
2 biceps ba.sps double, and biceps
caput = head,
hence 2-
headed,
adjective -
bicipital.
3 bilateral baltrl wo, lateral = bilateral
side, hence,
pertaining to
two (both)
sides.
4 body bdi the main part. corp
5 brachiocep Latin brachiocefalic
halic brachium =
arm, and
Greek kephale
= head, hence
a blood vessel
related to the
upper limb
and head.
6 brachium arm, adjective Bra
 - brachial.
C.
1 capillary kpli/ kp.l.i /kp.l.i/ hair-like, vas capilar
hence a very
thin blood
vessel.
2 cardiac adjective, cardiac
Greek kardia
= heart
3 cranium kenim Greek kranion craniu
= skull. (In
anthropology
= skull minus
mandible)
adjective -
cranial.
4 cyst sst reek kystis = chist
bladder,
adjective -
cystic.
5 cortex kotks Latin = bark, coaj
adjective,
cortical.
Muscu D
lar
System
1 Deltoideus deltoid msl (G. muchiul
(Deltoid deltoid
deltoeid
muscle) es,
shaped
like the
letter
delta).
The
muscul
us
deltoide
us,
shaped
like an
inverte
 d delta.

Crestat
2 Dentate dntet (L.
dentatu
s,
toothed
).
Notche
d
muscles
, e.g.,
the
serrati.

3 Diaphragm dafrm (G. diafragm

diaphra
gma, a
partitio
n).
Muscle
diaphra
gma
separati
ng the
thorax
from
the
abdome
n.

4 Digastricus Digastric msl (G. di, muchi

(Digastric two + digastric
muscle) gaster,
belly).
Denotin
g
muscles
with
two
fleshy
parts
 separat
ed by a
tendino
us
intersec
tion,
e.g.,
muscul
us
digastri
cus.

5 Dilatores daletr mslz (ME. muchi

dilaten, dilatator
(dilator to
dilate
muscles or
expand)
) .
Denotin
ga
muscle
that
opens
an
orifice.

6 Dorso ds (L. spate

dorsum
, back).
Muscle
s
related
to the
dorsal
surface
of the
body,
e.g.,
latissim
us dorsi
 muscle.
Also
any
structur
e
related
specific
ally to
the
thorax.

Muscu E
lar
System
1 Epi Exocrine pnkritk i (G. epi, insuficienei
(Exocrine nsufficiency upon). pancreatice
pancreatic Denotin exocrine
insufficiency)
ga
muscle
attache
d to
another
structur
e, e.g.,
dorsoep
itrochle
aris
muscle.

2 Epistrophe (ak'sis, ak'sz (G. epistropheus

us epistrop
heus,
the
pivot).
Muscle
s
relating
to the
second
cervical
vertebr
 a.

3 Epitrochlea (L. epi, epitrohoid

ris upon +
trochlea
ris,
block
or
pulley).
Pertaini
ng to
muscles
associat
ed with
the
humera
l
epichon
dyle.

4 Extensor kstns,kstns/ (L. ex- reflex

tendre,
to
stretch
out). A
muscle
that ,
upon
contract
ion,
tends to
straight
en a
limb.
The
antagon
ist of a
flexor
muscle.

Muscu F
 lar
System
1 Femoris : fm(r) /fm(r)/ (L. femur
femur,
thigh).
Pertaini
ng to
the
femur
or
thigh.

2 Flexor fk.n /fk.n (L. flexiune

flectere
, to
bend).
A
muscle
that,
upon
contract
ion
tends to
bend a
joint;
the
antagon
ist of an
extenso
r.

Muscu G
lar
System
1 Gastrocnem strknimis/ or / (G.
strknimis/ gastrocne
ius gaster,
belly + mian
musculare
kneme,
leg).
The
belly of
 the leg,
e.g.,
muscul
us
gastroc
nemius.

2 Gemellus (j-ml's) (L. musculare

muscle gemellus
geminu superioare
s,
twin).
The
two
gemelli
,
superio
r and
inferior.

3 Geniohyoi Geniohyoid msl (G. muchi

Geniohyoid
d geneion
musc , chin)
le Pertaini
ng to
muscles
of the
chin
(mandi
ble).

H
1 haemorrhoi hemorrhoid Greek haima hemoroid
d = blood, and
rhoia = to
flow, hence
likely to
bleed.
2 hepatic hptk/ hptk adjectiv hepatic
e,
Greek
hepar =
the
 liver.
3 hernia hrni Latin = a hernie
protrusion,
adjective -
hernial.
4 hymen hamn Greek = himen
membrane;
across the
virginal
vagina.
I
1 inferior nf()i/ nf()i adjective, inferior
Latin = lower
down, hence,
farther from
the head end.
2 inhibition nhbn Latin inhibitus inhibare
= restrained,
hence,
reduction of
the
excitability of
a synapse.
3 innervate Latin inerva
in =
into,
and
nervus
=
nerve,
hence,
to
supply
a nerve
to a
part..

4 insert nst Latin insertio insera

= to join into,
implant,
hence, to
 attach; noun -
insertion.
5 internal ntrnl adjective, intern
Latin internus
= inward,
hence, nearer
the inside.
6 interstitial ntstl adjective, interstiial
Latin inter =
between, and
sistum = set,
hence, set
between.
7 intestine ntstn Latin intestin
intestinum =
the digestive
tube beyond
the stomach.

8 inversion nvn inversiune

Lain in = in,
and vertere =
to turn, hence
to turn
inward, inside
out, upside
down.