ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

DIAZEPAM (VALIUM)

PURPOSE AND APPLICATION OF DIAZEPAM

Diazepam is a type of drug, in the group of benzodiazepines, that specialized in treating various Central Nervous

System (CNS) disorders, mainly ones related to anxiety, epilepsy, muscle convulsion and any alcohol withdrawal.

However, beyond these CNS disorders, it can be utilised in some other areas of infection, including things like

insomnia, restless leg syndrome and both pre/post-operative sedation. The application of Diazepam can be

branched off into many areas of neuroscience such as in rodents laboratory where it acts as a controller of

anxiety, sedation and reproducible consequences in rodents, as well as it can be categorised to proceed as a

translational mechanism in the human body, things like medicine tablet are included [1]. In medicine form,

Diazepam is given another name as Valium, which usually come in the form of tablets (Valium tablets) or

injectable liquids, assigned by doctors and pharmacological experts, keeping in mind that its not commonly

available in the markets. The quantity for dose proportion of valium range from 5mg/mL, 10mg/mL to 15mg/mL [2].

Some example of legal prescription products name with approval includes PMS-diazepam, Valium, Apo

Diazepam Tab and Diazepam [3].

 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIAZEPAM

The chemical formula of Diazepam is C16H13ClN2O, with an IUPAC name of 7-chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2,3-

dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. It has a molecular weights is 284.74. As for their melting point, Diazepam

can be range from 257 to 259 F. Their value of pKA is measured to be around 2.92 with a polar surface area of

32.67A2. It is insoluble in water (only 0.0122mg/ml water solubility) but is acceptable for a stable hydrolysis

reactions in aqueous solution at around pH5 and can also be permeable in CaCo2 at the quantity of -4.32. Valium

polarisability value is 29.39A3.Their total hydrogen acceptor count is 2, hydrogen donor count of 0, rotatable bond

count of 1 and physiological charge of 0. Its physical appearance is a crystalline solid with pale yellowish colour

and no smell in practical. After consumption, it gives off a bitter aftertaste. Even though the data on the fire

hazard are not yet available but it can be flammable. Other properties includes things like it can be absorb in

human intertwine and acts as a blood brain barrier [3][4].

 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

REFERENCES
[1] Calcaterra,N.E., & Barrow,J.C. (2014). Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Diazepam (Valium). ACS

Chemical Neuroscience, 5(4), 253-260. Retrieved from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3990949/pdf/cn5000056.pdf

[2] MELVILLE, D. S. (1982). Leg 'cramp' and endoparasites. Retrieved May 20, 2017, from

https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/iwsgb/n069sp/p00033-p00035.pdf

[3] Diazepam. (2005, June 13). Retrieved May 20, 2017, from https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00829

[4] NOAA Office of Response and Restoration, US GOV. (n.d.). DIAZEPAM. Retrieved May 20, 2017, from

https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/report?key=CH20115