DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,

B. M. S. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to VTU)
PB 1908, Bull Temple Road, Bengaluru 560 019

A SEMINAR ON

Finite element analysis of vibratory flap of Optimal mass

ratio for vibration control of clamped rectangular plate

BY,
DARSHAN S N
2st Sem M Tech[Machine Design]
Dept. Mechanical Engineering
BMSCE
 CONTENTS

Dynamic Vibration Absorbers

Introduction to vibratory flap
Experimentation
Experimentation Results
Finite element analysis (FEA)
Conclusion
Key learning
References

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 2

Dynamic vibration absorber

Dynamic Vibration Absorbers (DVA) are based on the concept of attaching a

secondary mass to a primary vibrating system such that the secondary mass
dissipates the energy and thus reduce the amplitude of vibration of the primary
system.
There are many application of DVA, A few are noted below:

vibration control of transmission cables

control of torsional oscillation of crankshaft
control of rolling motion of ships
chatter control of cutting tools
control of noise in aircraft cabin
vibration control of hand held devices

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 3

Introduction to vibratory flap
The plates are most common structural elements employed in many structural
engineering applications such as automotive, civil, marine and other machinery
structures.

In many instances, plates are subjected to a wide variety of excitations and can be
controlled by different methods.

Use of dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) is one such method for vibration control
of plate like structures.

The basic principle of a DVA is about neutralizing the resonant vibrations of

primary structures by attaching absorber mass vibrating at the same resonant
frequency.
M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 4
Introduction to vibratory flap
The vibratory flap is a plate type dynamic vibration absorber that can vibrate on the
plate, when attached as a cantilever plate.

When flap is designed suitably, it can be used to suppress harmonic excitation

effectively in more than one frequency.

The significant design parameter considered in this paper is the mass ratio (MR),
which is the ratio of mass of the vibratory flap (secondary structure) to mass of the
bare plate (primary structure).

The specific objective of the investigation was to find the effect of the mass ratio of
the flap on dynamic response of the plate and to optimize the mass ratio to achieve
best possible attenuation in first and second target frequencies.
M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 5
Experimentation

Note: All the experimentation and results are from the paper Optimal mass ratio of vibratory flap for vibration control of clamped rectangular plate by P. Mahadevaswamy, B.S. Suresh
M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 6
Experimentation Results
The experimental results for various mass ratios for two cases, variable width and
variable height of the flap are presented here and are compared with bare plate.
Effect of mass ratio due to variable width of flap
Effect of mass ratio due to variable height of flap

Variations of experimental displacements against mass ratio due to variable width of flap at different locations: (a) first
target frequency and (b) second target frequency.

Note: All the experimentation and results are from the paper Optimal mass ratio of vibratory flap for vibration control of clamped rectangular plate by P. Mahadevaswamy, B.S. Suresh

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 7

Experimentation Results

Variations of experimental displacements against mass ratio due to variable height of flap at different locations: (a) first
target frequency and (b) second target frequency

The inference of the experimental investigation is that, when the flap with mass ratio
7% is placed at the centre of the plate, the best possible attenuations can be obtained
over entire plate at first or second target frequency and hence the mass ratio 7% can
be considered as an optimal mass ratio.
Note: All the experimentation and results are from the paper Optimal mass ratio of vibratory flap for vibration control of clamped rectangular plate by P. Mahadevaswamy, B.S. Suresh

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 8

Finite element analysis (FEA)

The finite element analysis (FEA) has been carried out to study the dynamic behaviour of
the plate using finite element code ANSYS to compare the experimental results of the
rectangular plate with optimized flap with finite element analysis results.

The finite element analysis consists of three steps, viz.

finite element modeling,

modal analysis: has been performed to get the mode shapes and natural
frequencies.

harmonic analysis: dynamic response at various locations of the plate.

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 9

Finite element modeling
The plate-flap assembly consisting of a rectangular plate of size 400 mm X 200 mm
X 3 with aspect ratio 2 and the flap of size 80 mm X 80 mm X 3 mm having mass
ratio 7%

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 10

Modal analysis
The natural frequencies of the bare plate are respectively 451.96Hz and 584.23 Hz
for the first and second modes and are fixed as target frequencies to find the
dynamic response of the plate.

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 11

Harmonic analysis
To study the dynamic response of the plate with optimized flap at several
frequencies, harmonic analysis has been performed.
From the harmonic analysis the responses (displacement in Y axis) were
obtained along the centre line of the plate at 5 locations for both bare plate and
plate with optimized flap.

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 12

 FEA frequency response curves for the bare plate at
different locations.
5.E-05
4.E-05
4.E-05
Displacement ()mm

3.E-05
3.E-05 1
2.E-05 2
2.E-05 3
1.E-05
4
5.E-06
0.E+00 5
-5.E-06
0 500 1000 1500 2000
Frequency (Hz)

FEA frequency response curves for the plate with flap at

different locations.
8.00E-05
7.00E-05
Displacement(mm)

6.00E-05
5.00E-05 1
4.00E-05
2
3.00E-05
2.00E-05 3
1.00E-05 4
0.00E+00
5
-1.00E-05
0 500 1000 1500 2000
Frequency(Hz)

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 13

Conclusion
From the above analysis it is evident that with the use of flap in vibratory system,
the displacement at given target frequency is drastically reduced.
The optimized vibratory flap can effectively reduce the response over entire plate in
both first and second target frequencies.
This finding is more significant from a practical point of view owing to minimal
structural modification and with a low mass addition to the system.

Description of Displacement (mm) at various observation points on the plate

plate
1 2 3 4 5
Bare plate 1.45E-05 3.36E-05 4.05E-05 2.97E-05 8.88E-06
Optimizes MR
4.44E-07 1.30E-06 9.98E-07 9.36E-07 3.84E-07
Attenuation (%) 96.9 96.14 97.53 96.85 95.68

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 14

Key learning

Dynamic vibration absorber

Vibration flap
Effect of mass ratio on attenuation of vibration
Modal analysis
Harmonic analysis
ANSYS package for vibration studies
Plotting and interpreting results.

M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 15

References
[1]Optimal mass ratio of vibratory flap for vibration control of clamped rectangular plate P.
Mahadevaswamy, B.S. Suresh

[2]Rao SS. Mechanical vibrations. Singapore: Pearson Education; 2004.

[3]Ansys Manual for Modal Analysis, by ANSYS Inc.

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M Tech[Machine Design], BMSCE Bangalore 17