1

CANOPY
Furniture

JUSTIFICATION REPORT - UBLF79-45-3

NATHANIEL CROSBY - PRODUCT DESIGN TECHNOLOGY

STUDENT NUMBER: 13003794

UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST OF ENGLAND
2

COURSEWORK DECLARATION.

The coursework submitted is my own work

and has not (either in whole or in part) been
previously submitted towards this award, or
any other award or qualification, either at
UWE or elsewhere.
I have read the UWE Plagiarism Policy which
can be accessed on:
http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/aboutus/policies
and understand that cheating, collusion,
plagiarism and other breaches of assessment
regulations are taken seriously by the
University. I understand that design often is a
collaborative process, and that I have worked
collaboratively with the following people over
the course of this project:
Luke Haslam-Jones
Robert Potten
Sam Slatcher

Signed:

All images, unless stated otherwise, are

taken, and owned by Nathaniel Crosby.
3

CONTENTS.

INTRODUCTION.................. 4 THE MARKET................... 29

Design Problem. 4 Brand & Market. 29
Design Brief. 5 Target Market. 30
Research Findings. 6 Precedents. 31
Press Release. 7-8
ADDITIONAL
THE PRODUCT.................... 9 INFORMATION................. 32
Storyboard - Hanging Items. 9 - 11 Inspiration. 32
Versatile Storage. 12 Conclusions. 33
Smooth, Gas Assisted Motion. 13 References. 35
Details. 14
Internal Drawer Storage. 15
Larger Item Hanging. 16
Details. 17
Overall Cabinet Sizes. 18
Safe & Secure. 19
Child Safe. 20
Personalisation. 21 - 22
From Shop To You. 23

PROCESS.......................... 24
User Validation. 24 - 25
Expert Validation. 26
Sketch Models. 27
Manufacture. 28
4 INTRODUCTION

DESIGN PROBLEM.

We interact with clothing everyday, yet the

daily routine of choosing items is, for many,
hindered by their clothing storage.
Who in the morning, opens a drawer full of
items, and succumbs to choosing one off the
top, with a that will do attitude.. never to dig
deep into the piles to explore?
Does it make sense to stack items, and trawl
through an entire pile to get to an item at the
bottom to find its not there?
The interaction we all have with our piles of
clothes is displeasing. The sense of value is
lost, and the behaviour of hoarding thrives
in many.
Furniture that increases item visibility,
accessibility, and combats hoarding is
desperately needed.

What is relatively forgotten

is the daily routine and the
intimate duration of choosing,
changing, caring for, and
disposing of ones own,
and other peoples clothes.
(Cwerner, 2001)
5
DESIGN BRIEF.
Insights
The large majority of people who store clothes
in chests of drawers find the interaction
difficult and negative. Unable to find items
and keeping clothes tidy is a struggle felt by
most.
Target Market
Adults, both male and female who have
moved within the last 5 years. Most probably
mortgage owners. Ages 23 - 40. More likely
to be in the NRS social band of C2/C1 or
above.
Benefits
Increased visibility of items.
Less time spent searching.
The strive to be tidy will be made easier
with a set place for items.
Opportunity
To re-imagine the chest of drawers into
a storage solution that creates a positive
engagement for the user, while keeping the
positive aspects that a chest has; versatility
and efficiency.
Stakeholders
Young adults (Students), who could be children
of the home owners. They might have their
furniture bought for them by parents, but have
a large say in terms of what is bought.
Likely Features
Mechanical components that cleverly use the
space while increasing the items visibility.
Accommodation of other items such as
socks and underwear in a separate area.
Possible integration of technology to help with
organisation.
Concept Outline
The product could change the way people deal
with the constant chore of handling clothes. A
change in approach. The furniture could bring
about a sense of increased personal value to
items, and store them in a way that allows for
a more convenient viewing.
User Needs
Ability to store conventional items of clothing
(Top, Trousers, Socks/Underwear). Quantity
of items stored: Minimum storage of 30 items
excluding socks/underwear. Quick access to
all items stored. Overall increased visibility of
items compared with stack-filled drawers.
Development Issues
Complies with ISO and BSOL standards, e.g.
Specification for performance requirements
for cabinet furniture & Strength and stability
of furniture. Other issues could include
mechanism functions.
6
Frustration.
Deep drawers might
RESEARCH FINDINGS. allow you keep
lots of items, but as
seen here, finding
something proves
difficult without
Consumers are presented with new creating mess.
clothing storage solutions each year by
retailers, but there is very little change
to the functions or features; consumers
frustrations arent being addressed.
Blame.
Majority of users have no rotation of Many users push the
clothes in drawers; only ever get through blame of their untidiness
a relatively low number of items before on to their storage. Large
drawers provide no
a wash is completed and put away, system for organisation
resulting in the same items being chosen. and prevent the visibility
of each item.
Users have constantly bad experiences
with their clothing storage every morning,
from either not being able to find items,
to disturbing the tidy orderly piles when
pulling something out mid-pile.
The vast majority put up with their current
storage solution as the big retailers are
doing very little in terms of addressing
the users needs and desires. The design
of clothing storage hasnt been thought of Value.
in relation to user interaction. Without a set space,
the sense of an items
value is diminished.
I never use all of the T-shirts Items are forgotten
and lost. They then
I own, as I would have to only add to the
unmanageable pile.
rummage through, and its
hard to see without messing it
all up.
7

PRESS RELEASE.

Wake up not knowing what to wear, or

with no idea of whats piled away in your
drawers?
Most of you will only take from the top
few items in a pile, forgetting the majority
underneath.
Or are your drawers actually encouraging
hoarding, with the ability to cram more and
more items away that will never get worn?
CANOPY will revolutionise your interaction
with choosing, and storing clothes. CANOPY
can allow for up to 24 items to be on display
at once, within a few seconds. Taking up no
more space than a standard chest of drawers,
even when items are displayed, the hanging
rails quickly and smoothly extend to show
your full catalogue of clothes.
Accessing a certain item is simple, and
doesnt disrupt any others, unlike trying to
take an item from the middle of a neat pile.
CANOPY gives each of your items a
designated place, increasing their sense
of value, this in turn helps promote positive
thoughts on your collection of clothes,
preventing the quick unnecessary purchasing
of more items.
8

PRESS RELEASE.
9

STORYBOARD - HANGING ITEMS.

1. With each clean item, fold them the

conventional way (or whichever way youd
like them to be seen; depending on their
graphics).
2. Take one of the oak hanging rails, and
unfold the last fold in an item; as shown in
the image.
3. Do this for each item you would like to
hang up inside CANOPY.

Simple.
A quick and easy three
step method is all it
takes to get your items
ready for hanging inside
CANOPY.
10
Organisation.
Hang items wherever
you like, the frames
STORYBOARD - HANGING ITEMS. behind the door
are wider and
have a bigger drop
accommodating larger
4. Roll up the blind (open the door) and pull items.
out the hanging frame assemblies
5. Now, taking one item and its hanging rail
at a time, grip the middle of the hanging rail
as seen in image.
6. Place hanging rail into slot. The small
rubber o-rings on the end of the oak rail will
help guide it into place, and prevent it failing
off.
11

STORYBOARD - HANGING ITEMS.

Organisation.
Store items of the same
colour or occasion in
7. Once the unit is pulled out from the the same unit. This can
cabinet lifting the front two frames upwards help you save time. With
gives access to another two frames behind. quick easy viewing youll
be able to see all your
Sliding the front sections of the frames choices in no time.
sideways displays all of your items behind.
Alternatively, behind the left hand side door,
three units glide out effortlessly to display
larger items.
8. Once the items you require for the day
are chosen, simply compact all of the open
display assemblies, and close the blind/door.
12

VERSATILE STORAGE.

Careful consideration into space required

for hanging a variety of items has resulted in
CANOPY being able to store a wide range
and sizes.
Everything from large mens T-Shirts to
womens blouses and skirts are able to be
hung on the main double storage rails.
These have a inside hanging width of 283mm,
and a hanging drop of 230mm, which has
been extensively tested against a number of
items to ensure they fit.
Quick removal of a hanging rail from the
frames allow for effortless user interaction -
no more hunting through piles.
To the left behind the door, three units glide
out independently of one another. These have
a much larger hanging width and depth,
lending themselves to holding jeans, trousers,
and the like.
Using the same system as the extending
hanging, both come together seamlessly,
making the user interaction uncomplicated
and enjoyable.

Details.
Small rubber O-rings
are fixed to the edges
of the hanging rails;
these prevent them
moving and falling
off the frames: its the
little design details.
13

SMOOTH, GAS ASSISTED MOTION.

Parallel linkage arms, aided by dual gas struts

make light work of lifting the front section up,
giving view to the items behind.
Easy & Light.
A pair of Accuride runners smoothly glide The dual gas struts
the first row of hangers on each section out and four steel linkage
parallel, allowing for up to 12 items to be arms per unit make
for an effortless action
presented at once. when extending the
With both units fully open, a staggering 24 front unit.
items can be displayed, all in clear view, with
as little as 8 movements.
The B/BB graded plywood frames, which are
assembled using a double dowelled method
give a strong and rigid structure.
6mm steel linkage arms are fixed securely
using internal thread connectors.
14
Handle Detail.
Dual sided, radius
edged groove on the top

DETAILS. and bottom of the front

section creates a lever
point for your hand. A
perfect subtle indication
of where to lift.
A slick, simple handle detail on both the top
and bottom laminated sections of the front
give great contact area for your fingers to lift
the section up, and pull it down.
The handle detail subtly tells the user where to
lift from, without it feeling an add on design
feature.
Once in its open position the twin spring roller
catches securely hold the frame in place, so
you can walk away knowing it wont be
moving.
When you want to collapse the unit, simply
pull on the handles and the catches will give
way under the increased pressure.

Roller Catch.
Twin roller catches
fixed to the linkage
arms and back section
secure the top in place
when open. Allowing
the user to step back
and choose.
15

INTERNAL DRAWER STORAGE.

A space for everything.

An internal drawer on push-to-open, soft
closing runners hides your items when away,
but when gently touched, will glide open to
reveal all your items in neat, easy to access
rows.
Many chest of drawers have dedicated
smaller drawers for accessory/smaller items.
However these drawer are overly deep,
which often leads to users having to pile items
on top of one another.
The wide and shallow drawer in CANOPY
allows you to lay out all your items side by
side.
To help accommodate a wide variety of items
the internal dividers are removable, giving Customisable.
Up to six internal dividers
you the option of deciding how you want to can be removed to
divide the space. increase the gap sizes.
Blum Tip-on Blumotion runners make the users Great for when you need
to store a selection of
interaction feel effortless. A light touch of the larger belts or jewellery
front allows for the full extension drawer to boxes.
show all of your items. A gentle touch again
will activate the silent and effortless closing
mechanism.
16

LARGER ITEM HANGING.

Behind the push to open door is three frames

on Accuride runners. Each frame holds three
hanging rails, which are wider and further
apart. This allows for much larger items to be
stored; Jeans, trousers, and the like can be
hung here.
As you can see, runners are almost invisible
when the frames are pulled out. This is
important to give a clean, considered look.
The front rail on each frame runs over the
bottom, to cover the runners. To hide the top
runner, a box section that is made up of two
L sections is used.
The versatile storage area is closed off
behind a push-to-open door. The user can
push virtually anywhere on the door for the
Tip-On sprung mechanism to engage, and
push the door open. Likewise with the frame,
the user isnt guided by a handle, as the front
frame section can be gently pulled out from
any location along its length.
17
Unused Space.
Storage comes out
DETAILS. and above the cabinet
without interfering with
the top external panel,
so your TV or potted
plant can still sit here!
Many users of conventional chest of drawers
use the tops of them for displaying possessions,
or holding televisions.
For some, this is one of the only horizontal
surfaces in their room, as many dont have
shelving fixed to walls.
This secondary use is very important and was
always kept in mind when CANOPY was
being designed.
As you can see, the top surface of CANOPY
is not moved, or its space encroached. All
of a users items that were on their traditional
chest of drawers can be placed onto here
without any problems.
But for a shelf to be functional it needs to be
level, and many floors arent.
With CANOPY, whatever home it goes into,
it can be made level due to the integration of
adjustable, chrome plated, rubber soled feet.

Level. Always.
Having perfectly level
floors, especially at the
edges of room is rare,
and carpet makes this
worse. Chrome plated,
rubber soled adjustable
feet solves this.
18 1445mm

1230mm

OVERALL CABINET SIZES.

With a shallow depth when closed of only

445mm, CANOPY feels unobtrusive and
wows when in its open, and extended
configuration. The cabinet sits on a solid 750mm
oak leg assembly, which raises the cabinet 445mm
150mm off the floor; this gives it a light
presence.
The top external panel sits 1320mm off the
floor. A common, and ideal height to use as
a shelf for small possessions such as potted
plants, lamps, or books.

1890mm
When open, the storage assemblies only
branch 300mm into the room, the same as
a full extension drawer, meaning extra space
isnt needed in front of the cabinet compared
to a standard chest of drawers.

1320mm
The sideways extension of the hanging rails
to the right only extends past the cabinet by
220mm, meaning although it cant sit tight
into a corner, it doesnt come far off.
Once open, the top handle is 1885mm off
the floor, easy reach for the vast majority
of adults. (Overhead Grip Reach: Male
Mean:2093mm / Female:1944mm)
The bottom handle sits 1090mm off the
floor; this provides increased leverage when
both handles are used, making the closing
movement easier.
19

SAFE & SECURE.

With safety an important factor in the home,

free standing furniture is increasingly being
sold with requirements for the user to secure
it in place. To prevent any accidents, the
cabinet is secured to the wall, with kits that
are provided.
A small, but strong and effective steel 90
bracket comes as standard with CANOPY.
Wood screws are also provided.
CANOPY has been designed so the process
of fixing to the wall is straightforward:
First, by tapping on the wall, figure out the
material behind it. Then fix both brackets to the
top internal panel of the cabinet (both storage
assemblies are removed from their runners).
Then place cabinet in desired location. Mark
on the wall where the brackets meet the wall,
then mark where you need to drill. Move
cabinet, drill, and then fix brackets to wall.
Put cabinet back in position, drill screws up
through bracket and into cabinet top panel.
Once fixed, re-fit storage assemblies.
20

CHILD SAFE.

If a sprung loaded roller blind was used, the

user would need to arch their back and bend
down to engage the mechanism.
Instead, a chain operated blind has been
used; with two pulls on the chain, the blind
will be rolled up just as fast as conventional
doors would open.
CANOPY has been designed with safety
in mind, and conforms to Internal Blinds -
Performance Requirements Including Safety
BS EN 13120:2009+A1:2014.
With regard to protection from strangulation:
The distance from the floor to the bottom of
the ball chain is at least 0.6m. A breakaway
system is incorporated into the ball chain.
Also a fixed tensioning system is fitted to the
inside of the cabinet, which maintains the
ball chain under tension.
CANOPY is safe in homes with children from
0 to 42 months.

600mm
21

PERSONALISATION.

Consumers want choice. With CANOPY,

they get just that.
A selection of colour options are possible
for the four external panels and door, along
with the choice of fabric used as the blind.
This can attract more consumers as they can
express their personal style.
This is made possible for mass manufacture
due to the clever incorporation of a panel
mounting system; Fastmount. The external
panels fix securely to the cabinet without any
tools required, or fixtures seen.
The possibility to work with prestigious paint
manufacturers and textile companies could
elevate the furniture even more.
Shown are six colours from the well known
and sort after Farrow & Ball.

CANOPY
Furniture
22

PERSONALISATION.

Exploded visual showing how the Fastmount

panel clips are used in securing the external
panels to the cabinet.
Once fixed, the jointing method leaves no Setting the standard for panel mounting inStallati
trace, giving a clean, professional finish.
The panels can be clipped and unclipped
continuously, without damaging the VL-03 & VL-03H Very Low Profile Clip Set
Fastmount, or the cabinet.
This could then give rise to marketing just the Vl-03 5kg Vl-03H 10kg use with: install with:
external panels, so an existing owner of a
Vl-ss3 VL-CP3
CANOPY cabinet could change damaged
panels, or change the external colour. For
Fastmount superGroove
example, if the owner is redecorating and adhesive
changed the colour scheme, the cabinet
colour change be updated as well, at little
cost.

INSTALLATION STEPS

1 Exploded view of typical installation (adhesive fix) 2 section through installed clip

CSK screw here if

9.8
required

superGroove adhesive
superGroove adhesive
23

FROM SHOP TO YOU.

Large free-standing furniture needs to be

broken down to fit through most doorways
and up staircases.
This cabinet is broken down into smaller
assemblies that would come pre-assembled,
or into panel components.
The carefully considered fixtures and fittings
allows for a dry fix assembly; no glue. Just
dowels and screws.
Two adults would be able to assemble the
cabinet in 1hr with two screwdrivers.
However, if the customer simply doesnt have
the time or needs an extra pair of hands,
for a small fee, a professional independent
handyman thats accredited from their location
could assemble the cabinet whenever suits
them.
24

USER VALIDATION.

Seeing all of my clothes

in the morning, to help me Charlotte
choose what to wear, would My main issues with
storage is keeping things

be amazing tidy and organised. With

a set place for each item,
this cabinet does this for
Target users have been involved throughout me. No more searching
the design process. Their feedback has been for clothes!
vital with regard to understanding users
needs and opinions.

The motion of the linkage

arms is smooth and easy to
lift. Getting to any item looks
quick and simple
Charlotte is a postgraduate who follows
fashion and likes being individual. She is
really excited by the option of choosing the
paint finish of the cabinet, and even more so
by the blind fabric.

Being able to choose the

blind fabric is great, it would
make me connect more with
the cabinet
25

USER VALIDATION.

Chad, 24, lives in a one bedroom flat with

his partner. They are both about to move into
a house together, so are currently shopping
around for new furniture.
Storage is a real gripe for both him and his
partner, clothing storage especially.

The solution looks like it

could solve my problems. I
hate not being able to find
items in my drawers
They currently have a chest of drawers each
and a large wardrobe to share. Understanding
their problems with drawer storage was
undertaken during the research phase, and
their opinions on the features in CANOPY
have been taken on board throughout. Chad C.
My main issues with
We both love the style of storage is keeping things
tidy and organised. With
CANOPY, its very different a set place for each item,
this cabinet does this for
from whats currently offered. me. No more searching
for clothes!
The storage tackles all our
current frustrations.
26

Robbert P.
EXPERT VALIDATION.
CANOPY not only
challenges the practical
aspect of storage but
Changing peoples mindset challenges the whole
ethos.
towards storage is by far
the biggest challenge with
this product. CANOPY has
addressed this by creating a
concept that is truly unique
and far removed from
anything else on the market.
Robbert Potten, Senior Project & Technical
Design Manager at Touch Design Group
shares his opinions on CANOPY.

The technical challenge

with this concept is large.
Incorporating longevity
within CANOPY due to the
amount of motion is a difficult
challenge that seems to
have been taken into serious
consideration.
27

SKETCH MODELS.

Right from the start, 1:1 scale working

models were make to test concepts. These,
mostly cardboard models, were taken to
target users for feedback and suggestions.
Simplified versions of linkages and moving
parts were produced to help with proof of
concept. Nearer the end of the design phase,
1:1 models with the correct hardware and
materials were constructed to make sure all
details were resolved.
28

MANUFACTURE.

The first CANOPY cabinet is currently being

manufactured using the exact materials
and processes as if it were being batch
manufactured for the market. Machinery
used in manufacture to name a few: Vertical
Panel Cutter, Calibrating Sander, Machine
Press, CNC, Table Router.
29

BRAND & MARKET.

Innovation

In 5 years from 2010 CANOPY

to 2015, UK consumer
spending for bedroom
Furniture
furniture has risen by
168m.
Clothing storage furniture, meaning
wardrobes both free standing and inbuilt,
and chest of drawers have a 30.3% share
of the bedroom furniture segmentation. This
percentage equates for roughly 872m of
spending in the UK during 2015. (Mintel, Lower Selling Price Higher Selling Price
2016).
Homeowners who have moved in the last
five years are the most likely to spend on
furniture. (Mintel, 2016). Increasing the size
of the home means that purchasing more
furniture is likely, and a fresh update is felt
when moving.
The market quadrant indicates that IKEA is
associated the highest with innovation. This
current leader keeps up with trends and keeps
its customers coming back. Oak Furniture
Land follows conventions, but its prices are
still high. They keep customers due to their
marketing that emphasises quality.
CANOPY pushes the boundary of storage
innovation, while being crafted to the highest
standards, with materials made to last.
Tradition
30

TARGET MARKET.

Consumers purchase certain furniture for a

number of reasons. A driving factor for them
is their current living situation.

The highest spenders on

furniture have lived in their
homes for less than five
years, indicating a strong
link between house moves
and shopping for furniture
(Mintel, 2016)
Homeowners make up the majority of
consumers for furniture retailing, and are
more likely to purchase with the intent of
getting long term items (Mintel, 2016). This
Approximately how much do you think you spent in total on furniture
in-turn pushes up the budget they are willing
to spend for these possessions. Approximately how much do you
in the last think you spent in total on furniture
12 months?
in the last 12 months?
Dont Know 2
Up toKnow
Dont 500 29
2
501-1,000
Up to 500 16 29
1,001-2000
501-1,000 11 16
2,001-3000
1,001-2000 5 11
3,001-4,000
2,001-3000 2 5
4,001-5,000
3,001-4,000 12
5,000+
4,001-5,000 1
1
5,000+ 0 1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

0 5 % of10
furniture bought,
15 if any for20
bedroom 25 (Mintel,
30 2016)
35
31

PRECEDENTS.
32

INSPIRATION.
 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
33

CONCLUSIONS.

Much of the clothing storage furniture in

the market performs its function, but causes
frustrations to the user nearly all of the time. An
innovative, bold, and enjoyable approach to
storage is what CANOPY is all about. Driven
by extensive research into user desires and
requirements, CANOPY delivers.
CANOPY sheds a new way of thinking
towards the storage of clothing for an
individual, making for a delightful, and
memorable experience.
Future Steps:
CANOPY is currently marketed as a single,
stand alone piece of furniture, however with
a little designing/research, there is possibility
for the internal storage assemblies, such as
the extending one, to be targeted as an
individual product that could be purchased
for an existing item of furniture, and post-
fitted to it.
Although CANOPY is already a high-end item
of furniture, there is potential for changing the
material choices to target a higher market.
Example of a boundary pushing, high end
material collaboration, is the use of metallic
finishing for external panels, or stone details.
34
CANOPY
Furniture
 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
35
REFERENCES.
Prints
Cwerner, S.B. (2001) Clothes at rest:
Elements for a sociology of the wardrobe.
Fashion Theory: The Journal of Dress, Body
& Culture. 5 (1), pp. 7992.
Lawson, S. (2013) A Cultural History of
Furniture Design. Furniture Design: An
Introduction to development, materials and
manufacturing.
British Standards Institution (2009) BS
EN 13120 Internal blinds - Performance
requirements including safety London: British
Standards Institution.
Interviews
Potten & Slatcher. (2017) Interview
regarding product feedback by experts.
Interviewed by Nathaniel J Crosby. 16th
April 2017.
Evans & Bogue. (2017) Focus groups
regarding opinions on current storage.
Interviewed by Nathaniel J Crosby. 5th Feb
2017.
Coggins & Crosby. (2017) Interview
regarding product feedback. Interviewed by
Nathaniel J Crosby. 14th April 2017.
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