14/02/2017

RC Beam Column Joint

QAZI Samiullah (PhD)

Assistant Professor
CIVIL Engineering Department
UET Peshawar

Objective

I nt r o duct io n and analy sis

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What is Beam Column Joint?

Types of Beam Column Joints

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Why Beam Column Joints are Special?

Earthquake Behavior of Joints

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Diagonal cracks in Joints

Diagonal cracks in Joints

4
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Tie reinforcement role

Reinforcement detailing and placement

10

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Anchorage of Beam Bars

11

Strut and Tie Model

12

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Vcol

Joint demands Ts1 =

1.25Asfy C2 = Ts2

Vb1 Vb2

C1 = Ts2
Ts2 =
1.25Asfy
Vcol

(b) internal stress

resultants acting on joint
Vcol

(a) moments, shears, axial Ts1 C2

loads acting on joint

Vu =Vj = Ts1 + C1 - Vcol

(c) joint shear

Joint shear strength

- code-conforming joints -

Vu Vn f c' b j h
= 0.85
Values of (ACI 352)
Classification interior exterior corner
/type
cont. column 20 15 12

Roof 15 12 8

ACI 352

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Joint Details - Interior

hcol 20db

ACI 352

Joint Details - Corner

ldh

ACI 352

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Code-conforming joints

Older-type beam-column connections

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Joint failures

Studies of older-type joints

Lehman

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Damage progression
interior connections

80
Measurable Spalling of
Concrete Cover Longitudinal
residual cracks
Yield of Beam Column Bar
60 Exposed
Longitudinal
Reinforcement
40
Column Shear (K)

20

0
20% Reduction
in Envelope
-20

-40

-60

-80
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
Drift %
Lehman

Effect of load history

interior connections

Impulsive loading history

Envelope for standard

cyclic history
Column Shear (k)

Column Bar

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
Story Drift

Lehman

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Damage at 5% drift
Standard Loading Impulsive Loading

Lehman

Contributions to drift
interior connections
120

Column
100
Percent Contribution

Beam
80
Flexure
Bar Slip
60

40 Joint Shear

Joints shall be modeled

20
as either stiff or rigid
Specimen CD15-14 components. (FEMA 356)
0
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34
Cycle Number
Lehman

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Joint panel deformations

Joint Deformation

Joint strength
effect of beam yielding

1600
Joint Stress (psi)

1200
Yield

800

400
Yield
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Drift (%)
Joint strength closely linked to beam flexural strength
Plastic deformation capacity higher for lower joint shear
Lehman

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Joint strength
interior connections - lower/upper bounds

Joint failure
0.4
without yielding
near 25.5fc
0.3

Failure forced into

Joint
0.2 beams between
vj/fc Shear
Failure
8.5fc and 11fc

0.1
Beam Hinging/
Beam Bar Slip
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Lehman

Joint strength
interior connections

3500

3000
Joint Stress (psi)

Joint Failures
2500

2000

1500

1000
10 f c' , psi
500
Beam Failures
0
0 4000 8000 12000 16000

Concrete Strength (psi)

Lehman

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Joint deformability

1600
Joint Stress (psi)

1200 plastic drift capacity

vmax
800

envelope 0.2vmax
400

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Drift (%)

Damage progression
exterior connections

Pantelides, 2002

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Exterior joint
hook detail

hook bent into joint

hook bent out of joint

Unreinforced Joint Strength

FEMA 356 specifies the following:

Vj f c' bh No new data. Probably still valid.

joint
geometry Assuming bars are anchored in
joint, strength limited by strength of
4 framing members, with upper-
bound of 15. For 15 4,
joint failure may occur after
6
inelastic response. For 4, joint
unlikely to fail.
8
Assuming bars are anchored in
joint, strength limited by strength of
10 framing members, with upper
bound of 25. For 25 8,
joint failure may occur after
12 inelastic response. For 8, joint
unlikely to fail.

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Joint failure?

y
cr

cr

y
cr 6 f c' 1 , psi
6 f c'

Joint failure?

Lateral Deflection, mm
Lateral Load

Drift at tensile failure

Drift at lateral failure
Priestley, 1994 Drift at axial failure

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Methods of Repair (MOR)

Method of Damage
Activities
Repair States
0. Cosmetic Replace and repair finishes 0-2
Repair
1. Epoxy Injection Inject cracks with epoxy and 3-5
replace finishes

2. Patching Patch spalled concrete, epoxy 6-8

inject cracks and replace
finishes
3. Replace Remove and replace damaged 9-11
concrete concrete, replace finishes

4. Replace joint Replace damaged reinforcing 12

steel, remove and replace
Pagni
concrete, and replace finishes

Interior joint fragility relations

1
Probability of Requiring a MOR

0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4 Cosmetic repair
Epoxy
MOR 0 injection
0.3 Patching
MOR 1
MOR 2
0.2 Replace
MOR 3 concrete
0.1 Replace
MOR 4 joint
0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Drift (%)

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Questions?

37

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