ADDER SUBTRACTOR

USING OP-AMP

PROJECT BY : 1. PARITOSH R. FUSE ( 46 )

2. MANOJ POTHURI (41)
3. NISHAD JANEFALKAR (44)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF : Prof. V. S.

LANDE,
ASSISTANT
PROFESSOR.

DEPT. OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING,
SHRI RAMDEOBABA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERINNG
AND MANAGEMENT, NAGPUR.
AIM : Design of Adder Subtractor circuit using OP-
AMP 741
(i.e. Vo = V1 + V2 - V3)

INTRODUCTION
An Operational Amplifier is a high-gain electronic
voltage amplifier with differential input and, usually a
single-ended output.
One of the most common application for an op-amp
is to algebraically add two or more input
signals/voltages to form the sum of those
signals/voltages. Such a circuit is known as a Summing
Amplifier or Adder. Adder can be designed by using
either Inverting mode or Non-Inverting mode. The gain
of this Amplifier is unity, although gain can adjusted by
taking different values of resistors.
Another most common application is a Difference
Amplifier or Subtractor which gives difference of two
input signals/voltages as Output. This circuit is a
combination of an Inverting and Non-Inverting Amplifier.
Summation of output voltages of these two modes
separately results in the overall output voltage. Hence,
the input at Inverting Terminal is subtracted from input
at Non-Inverting Terminal.
It is possible to perform addition and subtraction
simultaneously with a single OP-AMP with the following
circuit.
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

Components used: OP-AMP IC 741,

Resistors: 10 k (x4).

OP-AMP IC 741 : IC 741 is a high performance

monolithic Operational Amplifier. Its High gain and
wide range of Operating Voltage provides superior
performance in Integrator, Summing Amplifier, and
general feedback applications. IC 741 is an 8-pin IC
with DIP Packaging.

Three input Summing Amplifier can be designed

using a differential configuration. V 1 and V2 are the
voltage sources connected to Non-Inverting terminal
(pin-3) through input resistor R 1 (10 k) and R2 (10 k).
V3 is connected to Inverting terminal (pin-2) via R 3 (10
k). Negative feedback is provided by connecting
Inverting terminal to output (pin-6) through R f.

Further, more input signals/voltages can be added

by connecting them to Non-Inverting terminal (pin-3)
through input resistor of same value as mentioned
above. Also, value of Rf needs to be increased by 10 k
every time input signals/voltage is added.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig: Adder-Subtractor circuit using OP-AMP IC 741.

WORKING

The Input Voltages V1 and V2 applied at Non-

Inverting Terminal of OP-AMP get Added. Whereas, the
input voltage V3 which is applied at Inverting Terminal
gets subtracted from input at Non-Inverting Terminal.
To get output due to V3 alone make V1 and V2
equal to zero. Now the Non-inverting terminal is
grounded. Hence circuit will work as an Inverting
Amplifier. Output is given as
Let, R1 = R2 = R3 = R
R f R f
(V 3) (V 3)
Vo3 = R3 = R - (i)

Now, to get output due to V1 alone make V2 and V3

equal to zero. Since, the Inverting Terminal is grounded,
the circuit acts as a Non-Inverting Amplifier.
R2
Let, Va = ( )V
R 1+ R 2 1 =
V1
2

Output due to V1 alone is given as-

Rf
Vo1 = ( ) Va = ( )
1+
R3
1+
Rf V 1
R 2 -(ii)

Similarly, Output due V2 alone is given as

Rf
Vo2 = ( ) Vb =
1+
R3 (1+ RR ) V2
f 2
-(iii)

Using Superposition Theorem,

Vo = Vo1 + Vo2 + Vo3
 Vo1 + Vo2 + Vo3 = (1+ RR ) V2
f 1
+ (1+ RR ) V2
f 2 R f
R
(V 3)

R R
Vo1 + Vo2 + Vo3 =
1
2 (
R )
1+ f ( V 1+V 2 ) f (V 3)
R

Rf =R
If,
1 R R
Vo1 + Vo2 + Vo3 = 2( )
1+ ( V 1 +V 2 ) (V 3)
R R

V 1+ V 2V 3
Vo1 + Vo2 + Vo3 =

V 1+ V 2V 3
Vo =

CONCLUSION

1. Audio Mixer
A Summing is a useful circuit when two or more
signals need to be added/combined, like in Audio
Mixer. The sounds from different musical instruments
can be converted to a specific voltage level, using
transducers, and connected as inputs to an Adder.
These signals will be combined and sent to an Audio
Amplifier.

2. Wheatstone Bridge Differential Amplifier

The standard Differential Amplifier can be used as a
Differential Voltage comparator. By connecting
one input to a fixed voltage reference (Vref) set up on
one arm of the resistive bridge network and the other
to either a Thermistor or a LDR; the circuit can be
used to detect either low or high levels of
temperature or light as the output voltage becomes a
linear function of the changes in the active arm of the
bridge.