ADULT, CHILD AND INFANT CPR

(CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION)

1. Check, Call, Care: (3Cs) remember your live and your safety are priority
Check: scene, person, obtain consent (tap a person if unconscious)

Call: 911/local emergency number for life threatening (or when not sure)

Care: talk to a person, check whole body for conscious victims or signs of life
(movement and breathing) and start ABC for unconscious victims

2. CBA: Circulation, Breathing and Airway

Circulation: check to see if the blood vessels must be intact and able to adjust
blood flow?

Breathing: (10 seconds) look, listen and feel for these signals

Airway: someone is unconscious and lying on his/her back using head-tilt/chin-

lift technique (push down forehead while pulling up on the bony part of the jaw
to lift the chin)

After checking all steps above and still no signs of life, no breathing: give 2 rescue breaths, if
breathing, place in recovery position and monitor CBA; if breaths go in, scan the body for severe
bleeding and in position to start CPR. If pulse, but no breathing: give rescue breathing or if no
pulse: give CPR

CPR:
Two hands in the center of chest for adult and child; 2 fingers for infant
Compress (at least 2 inches for adult, up to 2 inches for child and to 1 inch for
infant)
Breathe: until chest rises (1 second per breath)
Cycle: 30 compressions every 2 breaths
Rate: 5 cycles for 2 minutes

Stop doing CPR:

Scene becomes unsafe
Find signs of life
AED (Automated External Defibrillator) is ready to use
You are too exhausted to continue
Another trained responder arrives and takes over

***When victims are recovery, placing them on one side to open airway and prevent vomit and
we should stay with victims until EMS arrive.

IMPORTANT: Always staying calm. Dont act too fast or too slow. When rescue someone,
that persons life is in our hands and all depend on our heart and patience
 FIRST AID

1. SOFT TISSUE INJURIES: CUTS, SCRAPES AND BRUISES

Wounds & Burns: Controlling External Bleeding:
Check: scene, person, obtain consent
Care: cover wound with a sterile dressing, apply direct pressure until bleeding stops,
and cover dressing with bandage. If bleeding does not stop: apply additional dressings
and bandages; take steps to minimize shock. Call 911 if not already done.

2. INJURIES TO MUSCLES, BONES AND JOINTS

**Splinting:
If the person must be moved or transported by someone other than EMS
If you can do so without causing more pain
An injury in the position you find it; The injured area and the bones or joints above
and below the injury; Check for circulation before and after splinting
There are many methods of splinting including: Anatomic splints (persons body is the
splint), Soft splints (soft material), Rigid splints (boards, metal strips), Ground
**Caring: RICE
Rest: do not move or straighten the injured area
Immobilize: stabilize the injured area in the position it was found. Splint the injured
part ONLY if the person must be moved and it does not cause more pain
Cold: apply ice to injured area for 20 minutes
Elevate: Do not elevate the injured part if it causes more pain

3. SUDDEN ILLNESS AND STROKE:

Recognize sudden illnesses: look for signals; Care for sudden illnesses: 3Cs
Specific Sudden Illnesses: Fainting, Chronic Conditions, Diabetes, Seizures
Stroke: FAST recognition and think FAST:
o Face: weakness on the face
o Arm: weakness or numbness
o Speech: Slurred speech or trouble speaking
o Time: time to CALL 911
4. POISONING: 3Cs
5. HEAT OR COLD RELATED EMERGENCIES
Heat Emergency:
Heat Cramps: move to a cool place, give cool water, lightly stretch the muscle,
and gently massage the area
Heat Exhaustion: move to a cooler environment, loosen or remove clothing, fan
the person, get a person into circulating air and apply wet towels, give a little bit
cool water if the person conscious, call 911 if condition doesnt improve
Heat Stroke: call 911, care until help arrives by steps from heat exhaustion
Cold Emergency:
Hypothermia: remove to a warm place, check ABC and care for shock, remove
wet clothing and cover with blankets, warm a person slowly, monitor using heat
pads, or hot water bottles
Frostbite: remove wet clothing, soak the frostbitten area in warm water, cover
with dry sterile dressing, do not rub the frostbite area, check ABC, care for shock,
and do not rewarm a frostbitten area part if there is a danger of it refreezing