BEARING CAPACITY OF S HALLOW FOUNDATIONS

Bearing Capacity Equations

c = cohesion, Q
= internal friction angle
= unit weight, ///\\\///\\\///\\\/// ///\\\///\\\///\\\///
Df = footing depth
B = smallest dimension Df
L = largest dimension BL
= inclination angle
Q = applied load
q = effective stress at the bottom of
the footing Soil Properties: c, ,

1
qu (net) = c Nc sc dc i c + q (Nq -1) sq dq iq + B N s d i
2

c-term q-term B-term

Where: qu(net) = Net ultinate bearing capacity

q = Effective stress at the bottom of the footing
Nc , Nq, N = Bearing Capacity Factors
sc , sq, s = Shape Fctors
dc , dq, d = Depth Factors
ic , i q, i = Bering Capacity Factors

Bearing Capacity Factors:

For > 0, For = 0

N c = ( N q - 1) cot Nc = 5.14

Nq = 1, and
Nq = tan 2 45 + exp( tan )
2
N = 0

Nc = ( N q - 1) cot

1 of 4 Foundation Engineering 2 / Review

Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations
Dr. Adnan A. Basma
Shape Factors:

B N q
sC = 1 + For (a) Square footing: B = L
L Nc
(b) Circular footing: B = L = D
B (c) Strip footing: L
sq = 1 + tan
L

Where B = Smallest dimension

B L = Longest dimesion
s = 1 - 0.4
L

Depth Factors:

Df/B 1 Df/B >1

Df Df
d C = 1 + 0.4 d C = 1 + 0.4 tan-1
B B

Df
dq = 1 + 2 tan (1 - sin ) tan-1
= 1 + 2 tan (1 - sin ) Df
2

dq
2
B
B

d = 1 d = 1

where tan -1 Df is in radians

B

Inclination Factors:
2

i = i q = 1
90
c

2

i = 1

2 of 4 Foundation Engineering 2 / Review

Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations
Dr. Adnan A. Basma
CORRECTION FOR WATER TABLE

CASE I
CASE I: 0 dw Df
\\\///\\\///\\\///\ ///\\\///\\\///\\\////
c-term: unchanged
CASE II dW
q-term: q = dws + (Df - dw)'

B-term: = '
B
d
CASE II: 0 d B

c-term: unchanged
CASE III
q-term: q = Dfs

B-term: = ' + (d/B)[s - ']

CASE III: d > B

Deep water table all terms unchanged

Note: '= sat - w

s = unit weight of soil above water table

CORRECTION FOR ECCENTRICITY

Effective dimensions: B' = B - 2eB and L' = L - 2eL

In bearing Capacity Equation:

Use B' and L' in B-term and shape factors
Use B and L in depth factors

Q 1 6 eB 6 eL
Applied pressures: q max,min =
Area B L

Where: Q = allowable applied load

eL = eccentricity in L-direction (distance from cgf to cgc in L-direction)
eB = eccentricity in B-direction (distance from cgf to cgc in B-direction)
cgf = center of gravity of the footing.
cgc = center of gravity of the column.

3 of 4 Foundation Engineering 2 / Review

Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations
Dr. Adnan A. Basma
Pressure distribution under footing due to eccentricity

eL
(+, -) A B (+, +)

eB
cgf

(-, -) C D (-, +)

C
qmin A qmax

4 of 4 Foundation Engineering 2 / Review

Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations
Dr. Adnan A. Basma