CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

Locale of the Study

The researchers choose the fast-growing municipality of Catarman in the province of

Northern Samar as the locale of their study. The municipality of Catarman is one of the twenty

four municipalities that comprise the Northern Samar province. This town is consisted of fifty-

five (55) barangays and seventeen (17) of it is in the poblacion. It is the largest municipality in

terms of land area and population in the province. Its area is 179.32 sq mi and its population,

according to the latest census data, is 94,307. Catarman is the centre municipality of the said

province and because of that, many business people were interested in building various

businesses in this municipality. There was only a single rationale behind the choice of locality of

the researchers --- it was because the fitted business establishments employing the appropriate

workers were resided in this rapidly growing business centre. Gaisano Grand Mall Catarman is

the first commercial mall built in the municipality. It was opened for the pubic on Novermber 27,

2015. The researchers have chosen respondents from all business establishments in the ground

floor level of Gaisano Grand Mall Catarman.

The research study included business establishment such as hardware stores, cellphone

repair shops, gadget shops, salons, clothing stores, and food chains.
Research Design

This study utilized solely the descriptive-correlational type of research employing the

survey method since it intends to gather data from the respondents through different instruments.

It is suited to carry out the primary purpose which was to know the Basic English speaking skills

of the respondents. It also looked into the strength and weaknesses of their speaking skills using

the English language. This study took into consideration the respondents demographic profile in

terms of age, gender, civil status, and educational attainment. The levels of the basic speaking

skills of the business establishment workers in privately-owned businesses in Catarman served as

the basis in interpreting the results of the study.

Variables of the Study

This study makes used of two variables: the dependent and the independent variables.

a. Independent Variables

The independent variable in this study includes the respondents demographic-profile

which was comprised of the age, gender, civil status, and educational attainment.

b. Dependent Variables

On the other hand, the dependent variable includes the respondents proper English

speaking and their understanding of English.

Population and Sampling

The first commercial mall of Catarman is a bowl of fast growing businesses, thus, there

was a wide range of businesses in the said locale. And some of these businesses employ workers
that are fitted to be respondents to this study. Based on the numbers of workers given by the

establishments in the three categories, there were a total of 192 respondents. Since the population

was huge, only a quota was taken as respondents. Out of 192 respondents from all the business

establishments, the researchers have decided to select only 30 from the population. The sampling

technique that was used is the quota sampling.

The Respondents

This study focused on the basic English speaking skills of workers in business

establishments in Gaisano Grand Mall Catarman. The workers that served as respondents to this

study were the ones who have worked in all the ground floor level business establishments in the

said locale. The researchers used an oral test and a research questionnaire with the workers for

them to gain the vital information and data needed about the basic English speaking skills of the

respondents.

Research Instrument

The main tool used in gathering the data was the two-part questionnaire. The first part of

the instrument was the questionnaire containing questions about the respondents demographic

profile in terms of age, gender, civil status, and educational attainment. The second part was the

oral test that aimed to measure the speaking skills of the chosen respondent. The oral test was

composed of ten (10) questions which were formulated by the researchers and were revised and

improved by an English expert. The questions aimed to determine the strengths and weaknesses

of the respondents regarding their speaking skills in the English language. The questionnaire was

distributed to the respondents to gather the facts or the information needed to accomplish this

study.
Validation of the Research Instrument

To determine the validity of the research instrument, it undergoes the judgement and critique of a

language specialist or English specialist. The researchers made and formulated an array of

possible questions to be included in the oral test. The chosen English language expert helped the

researchers to improve the research instrument by stating their recommendations, suggestions,

comments, and concerns about the content of the questionnaire for they have valuable knowledge

and observation regarding the topic.

Scoring and Interpretation of Data

The evaluation of the speaking skills utilized the five-point Likerts scale where: 5

excellent, 4 very good, 3 fairly satisfactory, 2 satisfactory, and 1 poor. The data were

collected using this scale quantified as follows:

Rating Range Adjectival Rating

5 4.2 5.00 Excellent (81-100% of the indicated tasks were carried out)
4 3.4 4.1 Very good (61-80% of the indicated tasks were carried out)
3 2.6 3.3 Fairly satisfactory (41-60% of the indicated tasks were carried out)
2 1.8 2.5 Satisfactory (0-20% of the indicated tasks were carried out)
1 1.0 1.7 Poor

Data Gathering Procedure

In the data gathering procedure, the first step done by the researchers was choosing the

business categories appropriate to the studys population. Next step was collecting the numbers

of workers in all business establishments included in all of the three categories. Third step was

applying the quota sampling technique. Just like stratified sampling, the researchers grouped the

workers based on their respective categories. Then, Slovins formula was applied to the
population. Then the result of the statistics formula was used to base the number of samples that

will participate as the respondents to the study. Then the questionnaires were given to the

selected respondents. Then the researchers retrieved the accomplished questionnaires. And lastly,

the data was interpreted revealing the level of English speaking skills of the respondents.

Statistical Treatment

In gathering the needed data for the study, the following formulas was used:

1. Percentages was used to quantify the socio-demographic profile of the respondents, thus,

the percentage formula was used.

P= f/N x 100

Where:

P Percentage

f Frequency

N Total number of respondents

100 Constant

2. The mean formula was used to quantify the speaking skills of the respondents. The

formula for mean is:

x
= N

Where:
 = population mean

x = sum of the population

N = population size

3. To test the null hypothesis of the two variables, the multiple regression analysis was used.

Y = b0 + b1 X1 + + bn Xn

Where:

Y Dependent variable

X1 + x2 xn Independent variable