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To review see:
Argument techniques in the grey boxes on pages 138-143 of your Workbook. (For
Hebrew see page 2 below).
Texts from psychology in your books:
o Maman 14 also deals with people's self esteem and self-opinion.
o Maman 15 deals with measurements in psychology
o "Does Confidence Really Breed Success"(attached)
Practice exam: "Defining Dyslexia: Click on Tippim & preparation: FINAL
EXAM ( ") on the home page.
** knowing your prefixes ( mis, in, un, de, over-, under, ) can help.
1
= argument.
:
= topic, issue , o
= opinion, position : - ,-... o
= argument : : , , ,.... o
=counterargument . o
= . / 14 " "argument
)= (opinion ./ , .? ,
, . ) ,(argument :
.
: )= :( , ?
, ,
... . .
,
, ) , ,( , .
) . (counter-argument ,
, , .
:
" , ,
)=( . )=( . ,
. ,
. , ,
=) ... (" '
) , , ,
(... . !
, ... :)..
2
USEFUL WORDS in maman 14 (Violent Pride)
boost (1) to measure (9), measurement
tendencies (1) self-reported (11)
to question (3) correlation (11)
to contribute (3) bullies (14)
unfortunately (4) reliance
to doubt (5) significantly (25)
self-opinion (6) raising (32)
to reduce (6) improve, improvement (32)
to evaluate (7) little (7) a little
(and don't forget: likely or !!!What
does it mean? And what does "unlikely" mean?)
3
3. Complete the table below:
verb meaning adjective noun
to rely
to tend ------------
to assert
to assess ------------
to perform ------------
to question
to contribute -------------
to cause
correlate
4. Prefixes:
a. underlying (par. 3) = lies under, at the basis of.
What do these words mean?
underachievement:_______________________________________________
over-confidence:_________________________________________________
4
5. Useful words
a. What is the difference between 'little' and 'a little'?
What is the difference between 'few' and a 'few'?
Would you prefer to have a few dollars or few dollars?
c. unlikely to = ?
6. Criticism or support?
Write C next to words which signal criticism or disagreement.
Write S next to words which signal support.
7. The Passive.
Explain the difference between:
'His personality was influenced ' and 'His personality influenced '
'He will be well treated ' and 'He will treat people well'
'They are called strangers' and 'They call strangers'
'It is said that ' and 'It said that
Answers
1. a. reduce (all the other words are about making something bigger)
b. to improve (all the other words are connected to measuring, ranking)
5
2. unfortunately happily
3.
verb meaning adjective noun
to rely reliable reliance (on)
to tend ------------ tendency
to assert \ assertive assertion
to assess ------------ assessment
to perform ------------ performance
to question questionable question, questionability
to contribute ------------- contribution
to cause causal, causative causation
to correlate correlated correlation
4. Prefixes:
underlying (par. 3) = lies under, at the basis of.
Underachievement: achieving less than others
over-confidence: being more confident than normal
unable (par. 3) = not able.
unfamiliar faces: not familiar, not known
unattractive: not good looking
5a. In "little" or "few" the emphasis is on the negative: there is nearly nothing.
In "a little" or "a few", the emphasis is that although not much, still there is
something.
Clearly "a few" dollars is better.
6
b. likely to = probable c. unlikely to = improbable.
6.
1. Few experts think so... (C) 2. There is little proof that... (C)
3. They have ignored the fact that ... (C) 4. John Smith claims that ....In reality... (C)
5. Opponents point out that.... (C) 6. Others argue that.... (C)
7. There is no evidence to support this idea (C) 8. There is some evidence to support this idea... (S)
7. The Passive.
'His personality was influenced ' : others influenced him
'His personality influenced ' : he influenced others
'He will be well treated ' : others will treat him well
'He will treat people well' : he will treat others well