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LECTURE NO. 2
Example problem 3.1: Hydrochloric acid (A) diffuses through a thin film of water
(B) 4.0 mm thick at 283 K. The concentration of HCl at point 1 on one boundary
of the film is 12 wt% and on the other boundary, at point 2 is 4 wt%. The
diffusivity of HCl in water is 2.5 x 10-9 m2/s. Calculate the flux of HCl considering
water to be stagnant. Density of the solutions at points 1 and 2 are 1060.7 kg/m 3
and 1020.15 kg/m3 respectively.
Solution 3.1:
Molecular weight of HCl, MA = 36.5 and MB = 18
At point 1, mole fraction of HCl
12 / 36.5
x A1 0.0629 , Therefore, x B1 1 0.0629 0.9371
12 / 36.5 88 / 18
Average molecular weight at point 1
100
M1 19.1662 kg / kmol
12 / 36.5 88 / 18
4 / 36.5
x A2 0.0201 , Therefore, x B1 1 0.0201 0.9799
4 / 36.5 96 / 18
Average molecular weight at point 2
100
M2 18.3728 kg / kmol
4 / 36.5 96 / 18
/ M 1 2 / M 2 1060.7 / 19.1662 1020.15 / 18.3728
C av 1 55.4336 kmol / m 3
M av 2 2
x x B1 0.9799 0.9371
x BM B 2 0.9596
ln( x B 2 / x B1 ) ln(0.9799 / 0.9371)
z = 4 mm = 0.004 m
Flux of HCl,
D AB C av (2.5 10 9 )(55.4336)(0.0629 0.0201)
NA ( x A1 x A2 ) 1.5452 10 6 kmol / m 2 s
x BM Z (0.9596)(0.004)