Districtwise average yield of Cotton (Lint) in Vidarbha (Avg. yield Kg/ha.

Gap between Potential and Actual Yield over the

District/Year Potential Yield FLD Yield Actual Yield Gap between FLD and Actual Yield
year

District/Year 1995-96 2000-01 2004-05 1995-96 2000-01 2004-05 1995-96

Buldana 627 292 124 69 128 503 558 499 168

/ha.)

Gap between FLD and Actual Yield over the year

2000-01 2004-05

223 164
S.N. output(Y) Input(X) output(Y) Input(X) XY X sqr
1 100 2 2 0.30103 0.60206 0.0906191
2 128 4 2.10721 0.60206 1.2686668 0.3624762
3 140 6 2.146128 0.7781513 1.6700122 0.6055194
4 152 8 2.1818436 0.90309 1.9704011 0.8155715
5 158 10 2.1986571 1 2.1986571 1
6 168 12 2.2253093 1.0791812 2.401512 1.1646322
7 175 14 2.243038 1.146128 2.5708088 1.3136095
8 185 16 2.2671717 1.20412 2.7299468 1.4499049
9 195 18 2.2900346 1.2552725 2.8746175 1.5757091
10 220 20 2.3424227 1.30103 3.0475622 1.692679
sum 22.001815 9.570063 21.334244 10.070721
mean 2.2001815 0.9570063

250

200
178.9
167.7
156.5
150 145.3
134.0
122.8
111.6
100

50

0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1
 Estimated Y MP Marginal product
2.0 0.09
2.1 0.09 Y bar = a
2.1 0.05 Y = n a
2.2 0.04 XY = X a
2.2 0.03
2.2 0.02 2.2001815 = a
2.3 0.02 22.001815 = 10 a
2.3 0.02 21.334244 = 9.570063 a
2.3 0.02
2.3 0.01 210.55876 = 95.70063 a
0.40 213.34244 = 95.70063 a
AP Ave Product 0.04 -2.783689 = 0 a

b = 0.31
antilog 2.02
a = 1.91
antilog 80.93

25
1.39794
212.6 25
201.4
190.2
178.9
167.7

output(Y)

12 14 16 18 20
+ b X bar Eq-1
+ b X Eq-2
+ b X sqr Eq-3

+ 0.9570063 b Eq-1
+ 9.570063 b Eq-2
+ 10.070721 b Eq-3

+ 91.586106 b Eq-4
+ 100.70721 b Eq-5
+ -9.121103 b
SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0.9821326
R Square 0.9645844
Adjusted R 0.9601575
Standard Er6.9103567
Observatio 10

ANOVA
df SS MS F Significance F
Regression 1 10404.876 10404.876 217.88933 4.36E-007
Residual 8 382.02424 47.75303
Total 9 10786.9

Coefficients
Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95%
Intercept 100.33333 4.7206724 21.254035 2.52E-008 89.447443
X Variable 5.6151515 0.3804026 14.761075 4.36E-007 4.7379415
nificance F

Upper 95%Lower 95.0%

Upper 95.0%
Upper 95.0%
111.21922 89.447443 111.21922 110
6.4923615 4.7379415 6.4923615 5
S.N. output(Y) Input(X) X ^2(sqr) XY X^3 X^4
1 70 2 4 140 8 16
2 95 4 16 380 64 256
3 100 6 36 600 216 1296
4 125 8 64 1000 512 4096
5 158 10 100 1580 1000 10000
6 170 12 144 2040 1728 20736
7 160 11 121 1760 1331 14641
8 150 9 81 1350 729 6561
9 144 7 49 1008 343 2401
10 140 6 36 840 216 1296
sum 1312 75 651 10698 6147 61299
mean 131.2 7.5 108.5 76.414286 7.3178571

180
168.2
160 162.5
155.8
148.2
140 139.8
130.4
120 120.1 120.1

100 96.9
out
80
70.0
60

40

20

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple R
R Square
Adjusted R
Standard Er
Observatio

ANOVA

Regression
Residual
Total

Intercept
Input(X)
X ^2(sqr)

RESIDUAL OUTPUT

Observation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
 9
10

SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0.9348986
R Square 0.8740354
Adjusted R 0.8380455
Standard Er13.222395
Observatio 10

ANOVA
df SS MS F Significance F
Regression 2 8491.778 4245.889 24.285576 0.0007094
Residual 7 1223.822 174.83172
Total 9 9715.6

Coefficients
Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%
Intercept 39.500334 22.177101 1.7811315 0.1180994 -12.94018 91.940846
Input(X) 16.145075 6.6249209 2.4370216 0.044955 0.4796264 31.810524
X ^2(sqr) -0.451435 0.4531108 -0.996301 0.3522893 -1.522871 0.6200021
 X^2Y Estimated Y MP Marginal product
280 70.0 30.48
1520 96.9 26.87 Y =
3600 120.1 23.26 Y =
8000 139.8 19.65 XY =
15800 155.8 16.04 X^2Y =
24480 168.2 12.43
19360 162.5 -5.76 131.2 =
12150 148.2 -14.23 1312 =
7056 130.4 -17.84 10698 =
5040 120.1 -10.28 97286 =
97286 80.62
AP Ave Product 8.06 98400 =
106980 =
-8580 =

6964398 =
7296450 =
-332052 =

148.2
new formed equations
130.4
120.1
-8580 =
-332052 =
output(Y)

319381920 =
293866020 =
25515900 =

8 9 10
UMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
0.9348985834
0.8740353613
0.8380454645
13.22239466
10

df SS MS F Significance F
2 8491.777956116 4245.888978058 24.2855756643 0
7 1223.822043884 174.8317205549
9 9715.6

Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95%

39.500334384 22.1771014424 1.7811315192 0.1180994255
###
16.145074998 6.6249208855 2.4370215549 0.0449549655 0
-0.451434668 0.453110776 -0.9963008862 0.3522893463 -2

ESIDUAL OUTPUT

Predicted output(Y) Residuals

69.984745709 0.0152542913
96.857679692 -1.8576796917
120.11913633 -20.1191363332
139.76911563 -14.7691156333
155.80761759 2.1923824082
168.23464221 1.7653577912
162.47256457 -2.472564568
148.23980128 1.7601987198
130.39556065 13.6044393491
120.11913633 19.8808636668

Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0%

-12.9401775 91.9408462708
0.4796264112 31.810523584
-1.522871397 0.6200020617
 a + b X + c
n a + b X + c
X a + b X^2 + c
X^2 a + b X^3 + c

a + 7.5 b + 108.5 c
10 a + 75 b + 651 c
75 a + 651 b + 6147 c
651 a + 6147 b + 61299 c

750 a + 5625 b + 48825 c

750 a + 6510 b + 61470 c
0 a + -885 b + -12645 c

48825 a + 423801 b + 4001697 c

48825 a + 461025 b + 4597425 c
0 a + -37224 b + -595728 c

-885 b + -12645 c
-37224 b + -595728 c

32943240 b + 470697480 c
32943240 b + 527219280 c
0 b 0 + -56521800 c

c = -0.451434668

b = 16.15

a = 39.5003343843
 output(Y)

Significance F
X ^2(sqr) Line Fit Plot
200
150
100
50 output(Y
Upper 95%
Lower
Upper
95.0%
95.0% 0 )
91.940846271
### 92
31.810523584 0 32
X ^2(sqr)
0.6200020617 -2 1
 X^2 Eq-1 mean
X ^2 Eq-2
X ^3 Eq-3
X ^4 Eq-4

Eq-1
Eq-2
Eq-3
Eq-4

Eq-5
Eq-6
Eq-7

Eq-8
Eq-9
Eq-10

Eq-7
Eq-10
Fit Plot

output(Y
)
S.N. output(Y) Input(X) XY X sqr Estimated Y
1 100 2 200 4 111.6
2 128 4 512 16 122.8
3 140 6 840 36 134.0
4 152 8 1216 64 145.3
5 158 10 1580 100 156.5
6 168 12 2016 144 167.7
7 175 14 2450 196 178.9
8 185 16 2960 256 190.2
9 195 18 3510 324 201.4
10 220 20 4400 400 212.6
sum 1621 110 19684 1540
mean 162.1 11 AP Ave Product

250

200 201.4
190.2
178.9
167.7
156.5
150 145.3
134.0
122.8
111.6
100

50

0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
 MP Marginal product
11.23
11.23 Y bar = a +
11.23 Y = n a +
11.23 XY = X a +
11.23
11.23 162.1 = a + 11
11.23 1621 = 10 a + 110
11.23 19684 = 110 a + 1540
11.23
11.23 178310 = 1100 a + 12100
112.30 196840 = 1100 a + 15400
11.23 -18530 = 0 a + -3300

b = 5.62

a = 100.33

212.6
201.4
190.2
178.9
.7

output(Y)

14 16 18 20
b X bar Eq-1
b X Eq-2
b X sqr Eq-3

b Eq-1
b Eq-2
b Eq-3

b Eq-4
b Eq-5
b
SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple R
R Square
Adjusted R
Standard Er
Observatio

ANOVA

Regression
Residual
Total

Coefficients
Intercept
X Variable
UMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
0.9821326
0.9645844
0.9601575
6.9103567
10

df SS MS F Significance F
1 10404.876 10404.876 217.88933 4.36E-007
8 382.02424 47.75303
9 10786.9

Coefficients
Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%Lower 95.0%
100.33333 4.7206724 21.254035 2.52E-008 89.447443 111.21922 89.447443
5.6151515 0.3804026 14.761075 4.36E-007 4.7379415 6.4923615 4.7379415
Upper 95.0%
Upper 95.0%
111.21922 110
6.4923615 5
 y=10 20 per unit
X1 X2 dX2/dX1 Price X1 Price X2
rate per
5 2.5
unit
1 0 30 5 0 75
2 2 20 4 10 50
3 4 12 3 20 30
4 6 6 2 30 15
5 8 2 1 40 5
6 10 0 50 0

Maximum can be bought in Budget of Rs.45

Optimum X1 Optimum X2 x1
7 4 9
 Total return = 200
Price dP1/dP2 Total Cost Net Profit
35

0.40 75 125 30 1; 30
0.50 60 140
25
0.67 50 150

X2
1.00 45 155 20 2; 20
1; 18
2.00 45 155
15
50 150
3; 12
10

5 4;
ought in Budget of Rs.45
x2 0
18 0 2 4 6
X1
 LCC

2; 20 Isoquant or Iso product

8
line
opt x1
3; 12 opt X1

4; 6
5; 2 1; 1 6; 0
2 4 6 8 10 12
X1
or Iso product
 Total Marginal
Marginal Total Marginal Average
Total Input Variable Varible
Input Product Product Product
Cost Cost
@ Rs. 4
TI MI TP MP AP TVC MVC
0 1 2 0 0 0 0
1 1 5 3 5.00 4 4
2 1 9 4 4.50 8 4
3 1 14 5 4.67 12 4
4 1 21 7 5.25 16 4
5 1 26 5 5.20 20 4
6 1 30 4 5.00 24 4
7 1 33 3 4.71 28 4
8 1 35 2 4.38 32 4
9 1 36 1 4.00 36 4
10 1 36 0 3.60 40 4
11 1 35 -1 3.18 44 4
12 1 33 -2 2.75 48 4

Physcial Optima is 36 kg
Economic optima is Rs.73
 Total Marginal
Net return
Return Return 40

@ Rs. 3 35
TR MR NR
30
6 0 6
15 9 11 25
27 12 19
Physical 20
42 15 30
Output
63 21 47 15
78 15 58
10
90 12 66
99 9 71 5
105 6 73 0
108 3 72 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
108 0 68 -5
Physical Inp
105 -3 61
99 -6 51

120

100

80

60
monetory
output
40

20

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-20
Physical Inpu
 TI
MI
TP
M
P

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Physical Input

TV
C
MV
C
TR
MR

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Physical Input
 Total
Total Marginal Total Marginal Average Total Fixed Total
variable
Input Input Product Product Product Cost Cost
Cost

TI MI TP MP AP TVC TFC TC
0 1 2 0 0 0 10 10
1 1 5 3 5.00 4 10 14
2 1 9 4 4.50 8 10 18
3 1 14 5 4.67 12 10 22
4 1 21 7 5.25 16 10 26
5 1 26 5 5.20 20 10 30
6 1 30 4 5.00 24 10 34
7 1 33 3 4.71 28 10 38
8 1 35 2 4.38 32 10 42
9 1 36 1 4.00 36 10 46
10 1 36 0 3.60 40 10 50
11 1 35 -1 3.18 44 10 54
12 1 33 -2 2.75 48 10 58

6.00

5.00

4.00

monetory
output 3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
2 5 9
 Average Marginal Marginal
Average Average Total Marginal Net
Variable Variable Cost per
Fixed Cost Total Cost Return Return return
Cost Cost output
TVC/TP TFC/TP TC/TP @ Rs. 4 MVC/TP @ Rs. 3
AVC AFC ATC MVC MC TR MR NR
0.00 5.00 5.00 0 0.00 6 0 6
0.80 2.00 2.80 4 0.80 15 9 11
0.89 1.11 2.00 4 0.44 27 12 19
0.86 0.71 1.57 4 0.29 42 15 30
0.76 0.48 1.24 4 0.19 63 21 47
0.77 0.38 1.15 4 0.15 78 15 58
0.80 0.33 1.13 4 0.13 90 12 66
0.85 0.30 1.15 4 0.12 99 9 71
0.91 0.29 1.20 4 0.11 105 6 73
1.00 0.28 1.28 4 0.11 108 3 72
1.11 0.28 1.39 4 0.11 108 0 68
1.26 0.29 1.54 4 0.11 105 -3 61
1.45 0.30 1.76 4 0.12 99 -6 51

6.00

5.00

4.00 AV
C
etory
tput 3.00 AF
C
2.00 ATC

1.00

0.00
Physical Output
2 5 9 14 21 26 30 33 35 36 36 35 33
 40

35

30

25

Physical 20
Output
15

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
-5
Physical Input

70

60
TV
50 C
TFC
AV 40 TC
monetory
C AV
output
30 C
AF
C AF
20 C
ATC ATC
10 MV
C
0
2 5 9 14 21 26 30 33 35 36 36 35 33
Physical Output
 TI
MI
TP
M
P

9 10 11 12 13

TV
C
TFC
TC
AV
C
AF
C
ATC
MV
C

36 36 35 33