SIDHICK PLATE INDUSTRY

ABOUT INTERNSHIP TRAINING

INTRODUCTION:

Internships are unpaid positions providing students with practical experience. The
department can offer internships to students as volunteers or for academic credit. Departments
employ interns during the school year and also in the summer. Students can earn work
experience by participating in an internship. Interning in a field of choice will stand out on a
students resume and help them with their job search after graduation. Participating interns gain
on-the-job training that integrates education, career development and public service, while
agencies hosting interns benefit from the contributions of creative and innovative students.
Everyone a student meets during the course of their internship is now a contact. These people can
help guide their career path as they make their way into the business world. These people know
other people in the industry as well and can provide introductions. The fellow interns they meet
may also become great contacts in the future. All students should explore the possibility of
earning academic credit through their schools.

Internships exist in a wide variety of industries and settings. An internship may be paid,
unpaid, or partially paid in the form of a stipend. Stipends are typically a fixed amount of money
that is paid out on a regular basis. Usually, interns that are paid through stipends are paid on a
monthly basis. Paid internships are common in professional fields including medicine,
architecture, science, engineering, law, business especially accounting and finance, technology,
and advertising. Non-profit charities and think tanks often have unpaid, volunteer positions.
Internships may be part-time or full-time. A typical internship lasts between one and four
months, but can be shorter or longer, depending on the organization involved. The act of job
shadowing may also constitute interning.
The Two Primary Types Of Internships:

Work experience: Most often this is in the second or third year of the school period. The
placement can be from two months to one full school year. During this period, the student is
expected to use the things they have learned in school and put them into practice. This way
the student gains work experience in their field of study. The gained experience will be
helpful to finish the final year of study.

Research (graduation) or dissertation: This is mostly done by students who are in their
final year. With this kind of internship a student does research for a particular company. The
company can have something that they feel they need to improve, or the student can choose a
topic within the company themselves. The results of the research study will be put in a report
and often will have to be presented.

Unpaid Internship:

According to the Labors standards listed below, those who qualify as trainees/interns do not
have to receive pay if all six criteria are met.

1. Interns cannot displace regular employees.

2. Interns are not guaranteed a job at the end of the internship (though you may decide to hire
them at the conclusion of the experience).

3. If the employer and the interns understand that the interns are not entitled to wages during the
internship period.

4. Interns must receive training from your company, even if it somewhat impedes the work of
your organization.

5. Interns must get hands-on experience with equipment and processes used in your industry.

6. Interns' training must primarily benefit them, not the company.

 OBJECTIVES OF INTERNSHIP TRAINING

Internship represents the capstone of a new psychologist's formal academic training and his/her
induction into the profession. In keeping with the general mission and philosophy of the training
program, it is designed to assist interns in developing scientific and practice skills appropriate to
those of a generalist working with adults at the competency of an entry-level psychologist.

More specifically, our program has three overarching goals that guide the training we provide.

1. To train generalist practitioners in the profession of psychology.

2. To train psychologists to broaden the scope of their services beyond those provided to
clients.
3. To train psychologists to develop and to be guided by their professional identity.
1. To train generalist practitioners in the profession of psychology.
Interns are expected to leave the internship with general skills in both
assessment/evaluation and psychotherapy. Assessment is viewed as a broad and
ongoing process. It requires the integration of observation and interview data and may
include psychological testing. Developmental and medical data also are considered.
The ongoing assessment process continues to guide decisions throughout the treatment
process.
Interns participate in an assessment/evaluation seminar. This seminar is used to discuss
general skills in the evaluation of clients and delivery of psychotherapy. In addition,
evaluation and inference making are emphasized. A session on screening and crisis
intervention is taught early in the year.
Throughout the year, interns are expected to spend half of their total time (20 hours per
week) in direct service activities. Individual and group modalities are all utilized. In
support of this work, interns are expected to prepare for and participate in 3.5 hours of
individual supervision per week (three hours for individual therapy cases and .5 hours
for group therapy).
2. To train psychologists to broaden the scope of their services beyond those provided to
clients.
Interns are expected to develop the clinical supervision skills required of practicing
professional psychologists. Interns supervise a doctoral level counseling psychology
practicum student for two semesters. One hour per week is spent supervising the
 student on one of his/her cases. Interns are required to video-record these sessions. A
senior-staff psychologist then supervises this work in a weekly 2.5 hour group
supervision-of-supervision session. These sessions may involve discussion of
developmental supervision theory, presentation and discussion of interns' supervision
recordings, as well as viewing and discussing supervisees sessions with clients.

Interns are expected to develop competence in basic skills of outreach, psycho-

education, consultation, and program evaluation, and to provide liaison and
consultation to campus residential units. Interns are required to attend a minimum of
one residential staff meeting and then as agreed upon by the intern and complex
director, consult with residence hall staff, and respond to problems or concerns as
needed. Such needs are sometimes met through debriefing sessions or specific
workshops. Interns are also expected to develop a working relationship with at least
one campus organization or department. Interns are supported and trained to develop
and present outreach presentations throughout the year, and are expected to participate
in other outreach activities of the center such as information fairs and awareness events.
Interns will also contribute to social media (Facebook, etc.) and will conduct media
interviews with campus news Paper Platesor radio reporters as assigned.
3. To train psychologists to develop and to be guided by their professional identity.
Interns are expected to demonstrate an increasing ability to function as autonomous
professionals as they integrate academic learning with the applied experiences of the
internship. This includes the ability to function within the standards of the profession and
to make decisions consistent with the ethical guidelines of APA. It also requires self-
awareness, growing confidence in one's ability to make sound clinical and professional
judgments, knowledge and skill when dealing with issues of diversity, and an attitude
open to learning. Professional relationships within and outside of CAPS are also seen as
an important element of this growth area.
Interns participate in the following weekly seminars: assessment and evaluation; clinical,
multicultural, professional issues; and case consultation. Interns also schedule a weekly
time to meet with each other. There is no set agenda for this meeting. The time could be
used to consult about clinical material or issues, or to process their internship experience.
 INTRODUCTION TO THE ORGANIZATION

INTRODUCTION

Sidhick Plate Industry (SPI) a division of Sidhick Enterprise Ltd (SEI) is manufacturer of
Paper Plates and an exhaustive range of excellent quality of Writing & Printing Paper
Plates. The unit successfully achieved significant efficiencies in various disciplines
within a short span of time. Located at Chennai, SPI has provided direct and indirect
employment to the people of the surrounding areas.

BRIEF PROFILE

Sidhick Plate Industry (an ISO-9001:2000 & ISO-14001:2004 certified Division of

Century Textiles and Industries Ltd.), a Division of Century Textiles and Industries Ltd .is
a member of B.K. Birla Group of Companies. The company chairman is Sty.
BasantKumarji Birla. Established in 1984, the Division is situated at Thirupure on the
 Bareilly-Nainital Highway. The Head Office of the Division is on the 11th Floor of
Industry House, 10, Camac Street, Chennai Product range of the SPI comprises a vast
range of quality Writing & Printing Paper Plates and superior quality dissolving Paper
PlatesPlates used for Viscose/Staple fiber/filament yarn. It has other uses in preparing
urea, formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde and phenol formaldehyde.SPI has a well
equipped and planned department for Environmental Conservation and Pollution Control.
SPI pays sincere attention to the overall development of its employees and that of the
community. It also has a well organized HRD Department for supervising these activities.
SPI maintains an excellent infrastructural set up with modern facilities in order to carry
out organizational activities.

ABOUT OUT PRODUCTION:

We are proud to bring you our range of natural, sustainable plates and bowls, made from
the fallen leaves of the areca palm tree. These 100% biodegradable plates and bowls are
durable, lightweight and require minimal processing from tree to table: the fallen palm
leaf is gathered, washed in spring water, then heat-pressed into shape (this also sterilises
the leaf) no chemicals, waxes, dyes or additives are used!
Palm Leaf Plates are a stylish and unique alternative to other disposable tableware on the
market. They are stronger and more natural than corn starch, sugar cane, Paper Plates&
bamboo plates, and they wont harm our environment.
This cottage industry provides a source of income for many families in South Asia,
making Palm Leaf Plates a responsible decision for your family, their families, and our
environment. What better way of utilizing natures gift of fallen leaves! This is truly
natures tableware.
Awards of Sidhick Plate Industry:

Eco-Mark by BIS for its Bagasse based products.

Central Pollution Control Board and National Productivity Council have selected the
company as a Model unit in the field of Waste Minimization among pulp and Paper
Platesindustries.
SPIs Effluent Treatment Plant has been selected by Central Pollution Control Board for
carrying out studies and data collection for preparation of Minimal National Standards
(MINAS) for large pulp and Paper Platesindustry group.
SPIs waste reduction schemes have been included in the World Bank Data Base on
Waste Minimization.
Awarded Indo German Green tech Award for Environment Excellence for the year2000-
01.
SPI was awarded First Prize at All India Farmers fair for the year 2004-2005for its
significant efforts towards farm forestry.
SPI was adjudged as the Efficient Unit in energy conservation by CII for the year 2004-
2005

COMPANY DESCRIPTION

Paper Platescrockery House will be a unique business in TamilNadu as well as in India. It will
clearly attract most of the customers because they prefer to use designable & hygienic products
at competitive price.

VISION:

Corporate vision is a short, succinct, and inspiring statement of what the organization intends to
become and to achieve at some point in the future. Our vision is To become one of the most
well-known Paper PlatesPlates Manufactures in Bangladesh by providing quality and innovative
products at competitive price to meet the requirements of the customers

MISSION:

The Mission Statement is a crucial element in the strategic planning of a business organization.
Our mission is:
 To provide the quality and innovative products at competitive price to meet the
requirements of the customers.
Contribute to the success and satisfaction of our customers and focusing on-in-time
delivery.
Co-operation, teamwork and partnerships.
Continuous learning
Honesty, fairness, integrity, and respect.

Company goals and objective:

The goals & objectives of our company will be as follows:

Our main objective will be to capture the large percentage of the market in one year of
starting the business and retain it in the long run as well.
Our goal will be to provide products of high caliber and retain market and increase
profitability and ensure success.

STRATEGIC ORIENTATION OF SIDHICK PLATEPLANTS

Strategic Planning & Strategic Objectives.

Quality assurance system.
Continuous improvement in Productivity, Quality, Cost Reduction & Customerservice.
Technology up gradation.
Process 1 system development in all functions such as production, Maintenance.
Marketing, Finance Management & inventory Management etc.
Adopting modern management practices (TPM, JIT) * People involvement.

ENVIRONMENT POLICY
 Sidhick PlatePlants, Thirupure, Ravaged and Orissa (India) are committed to:
Comply with applicable Environmental Legislations. Prevention of pollution.
Continual improvement in Environmental Performance.
A forestation through Social and farm forestry supported by colonel technology.
Cleaner technologies and processes & Conservation of Resources.
Reducing pollutants in discharged water Reducing particulate emissions.

TPM POLICY:

In Continuous pursuit on organizational excellence by maximizing overall plant effectiveness

and achieving total customer satisfaction, the organization is committed to

Achieve zero accidents, zero defects and zero breakdowns.

Continuous reduction in cost of production.
Involve all employees in systems and process improvement through teamwork.
Create a clean and safe working environment.

PLANT LOCATION- THIRUPURE

Thirupure is located on the slopes of the Eastern Ghat in the southern part of Tamil Nadu
bordering the state of Tamil Nadu and its geographical position 83-25 East Longitude
and 19-10 North Latitude. Its average height above the mean sea level is 758 feet.
The township has a population of about 25,000 and has a self-sufficient marketing
complex, including Employees Multi-purpose Co-operative society, a sub- post office and
Telegraph office, a branch post office, a police outpost and has two banks viz., State Bank
of India and Indian overseas Bank. The township has two schools and places of worship
of all major faiths. Singapore Road Railways Station on the Raipur, Walter Section of
south eastern Railway station and is at a distance of 2km from the plant and all passenger
and express trains halt here.

The Plant established at Thirupure is unique because :

 It is the only Plant in the world producing both rayon grade pulp, wood-basedPaper
Platesand bagasse based Paper Plates Plates.
The level of control instrumentation is relatively high.
SPI is the first Plant in the world to use for bagasse pulp bleaching.
The Plant features a unique pile building system for preventing deterioration of stored
bagasse fiber. Bagasse fiber fed to the digester has a high fiber pith ratio(more than 5:1).
SPIs farm forestry scheme ensures that raw material is cultivated and replenished. SPI is
the driver for good forestry management and manages socio-forestry nurseries for
cultivation and distribution of plant saplings.
The Plant has a well equipped laboratory to monitor various water and air pollution
control measures including AOX level.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS:

QUALITY CONTROL

Century Pulp and Paper Plates Plates, Lalkua has well organized laboratory equipped
with modern pulp and Paper Platestesting equipments including Autoline from L&W
Sweden, Qualified and experienced staff manage the quality control department.
For all inputs fibrous/non fibrous, in-process material (digester section, bleaching section,
stock preparation); finished material (Paper Plates Plates/Pulp) at Paper Platesmachine
 reminders/cutters, finishing house and Go downs, standards/ specifications are followed
as per guidelines of ISO-9001:2000) quality system (quality Inspection Plant).
Inputs and Finished product is allowed only after conforming to standards.
Testing/analysis is carried out as per TAPPI/ISO standard.
A separate customer cell has been formulated to redress customer grievances and
recourse to quick solutions. This cell understands changing needs of customers, caries out
periodical market research to improve customer-choice process and also monitors
competitor move.

INTRODUCTION OF THE INDUSTRY

INTRODUCTION:

Paper Plates Items such as Paper cups, saucers, Glass, Paper Plates plates is finding
extensive usage these days for serving eatables in parties, functions and social
gatherings. Paper Plates are the most commonly used disposable crokery in India. Paper
Plates consists of sheet materials and are comprised of bonded small discrete fibers which
are usually cellulosic in nature and are held together by secondary bonds most probably
the hydrogen bonds. Paper Plates is made in a wide variety of types and grades to serve
many functions. Writing and printing Paper Plates constitute approx 30% of the total
Production. The balance except for tissue and toweling is used for manufacturing Paper
Platesboards used primarily for packaging or for Paper Plates Items. Paper Platesboard
differs from Paper Platesin that it generally is thicker, heavier, and less flexible
than conventional Paper Plates Plates.
Disposable Paper Platesplates and saucers as the name suggests are made out of special
quality Paper Platesreinforced with polythene sheets to make it leak proof. These
products are conveniently used for serving eatables during family functions, eating chats
and snacks, fruits, sweets etc.
Most of the sweet shops use it for serving their customers with dry as well as wet sweets/
namkeens. The caterers utilize it during parties and social functions. These are a
convenient replacement for crockery and utensils.
These have many advantages over conventional crockery/ Plates utensils. Whereas
conventional utensils need care in handling, have to be cleaned before and after use need
 lot of space for storage and are difficult to handle these products are light in weight, are
disposable after use, cheaper and can be stored easily.
These are very cheap as compared to convention utensils. The Paper Platesplates and
bowls are made by fusing two layers of good quality Paper Plates with a sheet of
polythene. The product can be in any desired shape and size depending upon the die
employed for manufacture. The quality of Paper Platesused is generally of importance as
it should be firm enough to maintain the shape and hold the weight of the eatable served
in it.

MARKET POTENTIAL:

These products have an urban as well as rural market. These products are mostly used
during social functions, religious gatherings, parties, marriages, outings, in sweet shops,
by caterers etc. The products have many advantages and are hence preferred as compared
to standard utensils/crockery for serving eatables. They can easily be disposed off after
use and hence save a lot of labor as far as cleaning/drying of utensils are concerned.
These are easily transportable and easy to handle. In our country people are religious and
organize functions throughout the year all such occasions call for social gathering and
celebrations with meals, snacks sweets being served. Further, our vast population
organizes marriages, celebrates birthdays and other family functions on a regular basis.
Sweet shops and small eateries can be found at every street corner and all such joints use
these disposable plates and bowls. Thus keeping in view the culture of the people and the
habits there is a vast market for the products not only in urban areas but also in rural
areas.

MANUFACTURING PROCESS & KNOW:

How The process of manufacturing is not very complicated. The product is manufactured
using the specific die. The Paper Platesand the polythene sheets are previously cut to size
or can also be purchased as per the production requirement. The specific die is mounted
on the press and the die is heated to the desired temperature.
The two layers of Paper Platesand the polythene sheets are placed in between the male-
female die parts and pressure is applied so that the product takes shape. The formed
 product is next removed and another set is loaded. The machine is an ordinary press with
one fixed platform and another moving plunger.
The movement of the plunger is through hydraulic mechanism. The formed products are
collected and the edges are trimmed to give it a proper shape. The plates and bowls are
packed separately and stocked for dispatch. Know how is available with the machinery
suppliers. The machinery is all indigenously available. The production capacity
envisaged is 30000-40000 nos per day per machine on two shift basis for 300 days per
year.

PLANT AND MACHINERY:

The main plant and machinery required comprise

Double die press with dies. Electrically operated. - 1 no
Bag sealing machine - 1no.
Weighing scales.
The total cost of machinery is estimated to be Rs.0.50 lakhs.
The unit will also require miscellaneous assets such as furniture, fixtures, storage facilities
etc. the total cost of these is estimated to be Rs. 0.20 lakhs.
The total requirement of power shall be 3 HP. The unit will need water for general
consumption.

Raw material and Packing Material:

The basic raw materials for the unit are good quality scrap Paper Plates& polythene
sheets. For packing the unit will require polythene bags and hessian sacks. The cut to
size Paper Platesis readily available in two varieties thick and thin at Rs.35/- per kgs.
The plastic film costs about Rs. 100/- per kgs. The total cost of production works out to
Rs. 18/- per 100 nos of bowl. Land and Building For smooth operation of the unit, it will
require 225 sq. ft of built up area. The space can be taken on rental basis.

Land and Building:

For smooth operation of the unit, it will require 225 sq. ft of built up area. The space can
be taken on rental basis.
Scope and Market Potential:
Paper Platescups and plates are made from mill board, grey board, kraft Paper Plates
Plates, grease proof Paper Platesand other Paper Plates Platess, printed and given the
desired shape and are extensively use. The disposable nature of these cups and plates not
only obviates the need for washing and cleaning but also save loses due to breakages that
normally occur while using porcelain or glass wares. Paper Platescups & plates find
extensive usage for serving eatables in parties, functions, social gatherings, etc., catering
departments of railways, airlines and other establishments also amount for a major share
of the demand of cups and plates.

Manufacturing process:
Paper Platescups and plates are normally made as per the specifications of the customer.
The Paper Platesis first printed on a printing press, the printed part is then cut to size and
given shape by die cutting. The bottom part and upper part of the cup are then
assembled to a cup shape in screw press. For plates, the Paper Platesis cut to the required
size of circles. The cut circles are pressed in a screw press for obtaining desired design
and shape. For wax coated cups & plates are put in wax coating machine.

Market Potential:
Because the Paper Platescup manufacturing industry is in a boom consumer products in
India, the requirement of drinking items like Tea, Coffee, Cool Drinks for Railways,
Functions, Hotels, Festivals, Meetings, household appliances, domestic applications as
well as for replacement of plastic cups, Glass items. There is a big tremendous
requirement of day-to-day life.

Location, Land and Building:

The unit is proposed to be located at Thirumarady panchayath in Thirumarady Village.
Building is available on rent and has been assigned in establishing the unit. But it
requires additional maintenance works The amount invested for civil work on
 construction of building for office, common amenity, well etc is Rs 100000/-. The door
number assigned to the unit is 10/492A.

Machinery & equipment:

Details are shown in the annexure. The plant and machinery proposed to be installed in
the unit are Indigenous and some of them are locally fabricated. Total cost of machinery
and equipment to be purchased is evaluated as Rs 917000/-

Installed capacity of production

The unit is proposed to be operated in 300 days per annum (25 days in a month). As per
the capacity of machinery to be installed and by considering production wastage the
monthly production is worked out in the following table.

Basis & Presumptions:

1. Two shifts of 16 hours a day, 24 days a month is presumed. Efficient machines and
workers are also presumed.
2. Minimum 2 month period is considered for achieving full capacity utilization.
3. Labour rates are as per the prevailing rates.
4. An average interest rate of 14% is considered.
5. The estimates are drawn for a production capacity generally considered techno-
economically viable for model type of manufacturing activity.
6. The information supplied is based on a standard type of manufacturing activity viable for
model type of manufacturing activity.
7. Costs in respect of machinery and equipment, raw materials and the selling prices of the
finished products etc. are generally prevailing at the time of preparation of the project
profiles and may vary depending upon various factors.

Production details and process of Manufacture:

The process of manufacturing poly coated Paper Platespurchased from market then cut in
the required sizes, fabricates outer shell then put in the bottom mould pressed and pasting
 and keep it in the final Paper Platescup mould. After making the cup checked random
pieces for customer requirement and then packed by plastic cover in 100 Paper
Platescups in a set.

The process of manufacture consists of the following operations and procedures.

1. PE Coated Paper Platesroll
2. Cut to Board size
3. Single/Multi Color Printing
4. Ups forming (die cutting)
5. Bottom reel
6. Paper Platescup wall forming
7. Cup Bottom Shaping
8. Paper PlatesCup Knurling and Curling
9. Inspection and Finishing
10. Testing Random Sample
11. Packing and Delivery

Raw material Requirement:

 All the raw materials required by the unit are available throughout the year. The raw
material can also be procured from the nearby districts and from other states. The stock
and procurement period proposed in this scheme is for a period of 12 days. The details of
requirement for 70% capacity utilisation in the unit are tabulated as below.

Users Of Paper PlatesPlates

This Paper Platescup manufacturing project profile views the use of drinking Tea and
Cool Drinks. The Paper Platescup finds extensive use in Railways, Functions, Festivals,
Hotels, Meetings, household appliances, and domestic applications. Our product ranges
from 50 ml to 250 ml, this cup manufacturing unit will be set-up as a small-scale unit.
Now our people and government have the awareness to control the pollution and all are
engaged to use the eco-friendly products. Each plastic cup can take 50-80 years to
decompose and that are ruining the nature as well human lifetime.
As there is a good production of instead of plastic cups, weight less as well as easy to
carry all vendors, mainly no environment pollution, increase the demand of Paper
Platescups, user customer are to be encouraged in the modern days.

RESOLUTION:
You want to establish a Paper Platesplate, cups and glass manufacturing unit. Components of a
sound business plan for a Paper Platesplate manufacturing unit
1. Opportunity assessment and capacity planning
You should first determine the demand for Paper Platesplate, glasses and cups in the
geographical area which you wish to serve. You should identify the major customer
segments which need Paper Platesplates, glasses and cups for their business or domestic
consumption. Some of the major customer segments can be:
Caterers (who are hired for catering food in wedding and parties) who serve snacks in
Paper Platesplates and use Paper Platescups and glasses
Restaurants
Hawkers which sell food items on the roadside
Manufacturers of decorative items which need Paper Platesplates
Domestic usage
You should get a ballpark estimate for demand of these products from all these segments.
For example, you can count the number of caterers in your geographical area. Then you can
identify the number of parties/ wedding ceremony served by them in a month. Then you can
estimate the average number of guests in a party, and Paper Platesplates & glasses needed
per guest. By multiplying these figures, you can estimate the demand for these products
from caterers. You can similarly estimate the demand from other segments.
After that you need to find out the current supply of these products in the market, and
consequently demand supply gap. Then you should decide what percentage of this demand
supply gap and the percentage of current market you wish to serve. This will help you in
estimating the manufacturing capacity of your unit.

2. Location analysis:
 You need to select a suitable location for the proposed manufacturing unit. You can use
specific criteria to support the location. The location should be closer to the intended
customers. It should be closer to the suppliers of raw materials required in the plant. It
should have good infrastructure in terms of connectivity, and power supplies. It should
be located in an area, where you can easily source, attract, and recruit people for your
plant.
3. Manpower resource planning:
Estimate the manpower required for the manufacturing plant on the basis of capacity of
the plant. Estimate the manpower in both the administrative and managerial role.
4. Competition Analysis:
You should analyze strategies followed by the established manufacturers across
following functions:
Sourcing of raw materials
Ensuring quality of the product
Pricing Policy
Branding & marketing strategy
Customer relationship management
Financing Strategy
You should determine which of the above strategy/ practices you can follow without
incurring too much cost.
5. Supply chain management:
Paper Plates Plates, and aluminum foil are the main raw materials used in the Paper
Platesplate & cup manufacturing. Identify the suppliers of these raw materials on the
basis of specific criteria such as reputation, lead time in supplying the material, credit
term extended etc. You should try to negotiate better pricing with your suppliers by
promising them prompt payment. Also, you should have a strict quality check on the
quality of Paper Platesused at the time of receipt of raw material from the suppliers.

6. Customer acquisition strategy:

 Since you will be a new player in the market, you will need to have a strong value
proposition to create a market for yourself. For that you first need to identify the target
segment for your product. You should determine the attributes of your target segments
(such as who will need these products in bulk, who make prompt payment etc). Then you
will need to make marketing strategy for each customer segment. To establish your
identity, you can enter into an arrangement with the buyers, where you can sell your
Paper Platesproducts at lower prices at the start. Once the buyer is assured of your higher
quality, you can then raise the price. Also you can enter into long term arrangement with
your customers by offering your products at discounted price.

HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRY

INTRODUCTION:

The Paper Platesplate was invented by the German bookbinder Hermann

Henschel in Luckenwalde in 1867. In 1908, Dr. Samuel J. Crumbine was a public
health officer in Kansas. He was on a train when he witnessed one of his tuberculosis
patients taking a drink of water from a common dipper and water bucket (a publicly shared
way of drinking water) in the car. Right behind his patient was a young girl who drank
from the same dipper and bucket. This inspired him to launch a crusade to ban publicly
shared or common utensils in public places. Taking note of the trend Lawrence Luellen
and Hugh Moore invented a disposable Paper Platescup called the "Health Cup" and later
renamed the "Dixie Cup".

Single-use cone cups were followed by the commercialization of single-use plates and
bowls, wooden cutlery, and Paper Platesfood wraps. By the 1930s these products were
widely used to feed the men and women who worked on the remote dams, bridges and
roads of the Works Progress Administration. In the 1940s they were used to feed defense
factory workers.

After World War II, foodservice packaging materials like plastic and polystyrene foam
were developed. The unique properties of these materials (insulation and weight reduction)
and their ability to be made into a variety of shapes and sizes, provided foodservice
operators, and consumers, with a wider variety of packaging choices.

A major development in disposable foodservice packaging happened in 1948 when the

newly founded McDonald's Restaurant closed its doors to revamp its menu. Along with
changing their menu items, the restaurant wanted to change the way it handled dishwashing
and dishwashers, car hops and wait staff, and storage, breakage and (customer) theft of
table ware. When the McDonald's re-opened their restaurant six months later, their meals
were no longer served with the use of glasses, plates or cutlery, and would be taken away
from the restaurant by the customers.

SANITATION
 The use of disposable foodservice packaging is a step toward preventing food borne
disease. By being used only once, these products significantly reduce food
contamination and the spread of diseases.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administrations Food Code authoritatively spells out
the sanitary and health advantages of single-use foodservice packaging: "A food
establishment without facilities...for cleaning and
sanitizing kitchenware and tableware shall provide only single-use kitchenware, single-
service articles, and single-use articles for use by food employees and single-service
articles for use by consumers." The Food Code further states "in situations in which the
reuse of multiuse items could result in food borne illness to consumers, single-service and
single-use articles must be used to ensure safety.

Disposable food packaging:

Disposable food packaging comprises disposable items often found in fast food
restaurants, takeout restaurants and kiosks, and catering establishments. Food serving
items for picnics and parties is very similar. Typical disposable foodservice products are
plates, bowls, cups, utensils, doilies and tray Paper Plates Platess. These products can be
made from a number of materials including plastics, Paper Plates Plates, bio-
resins and bamboo.

Packaging of fast food and take-out food is necessary for the customer but involves a
significant amount of material that ends up in landfill, recycling, composting, or litter.

MATERIAL USED:
Aluminum

Aluminum is used to manufacture foils, wraps, bags, containers, and trays.

Plastics

Many disposable foodservice products can be made of plastic: cups, plates, bowls, trays,
food containers and cutlery, for example. Plastics are used because the material is
lightweight and holds the temperature of hot/cold food and beverages. Polystyrene is in
one of the most common types of plastics used for foodservice packaging. In its foamed
 form, expanded polystyrene is often sometimes referred to as Styrofoam. Non-foarmed
polystyrene is sometimes also used for utensils or plastic plates. Polyethylene and other
plastics are also used. Plastic wrap is sometimes used to cover a tray of food. Many
plastics are marked with the SPI recycling codes for identification.

Paper Platesand Paper Plates Platesboard

Disposable foodservice products made from Paper Plates Plates, Paper Plates
Platesboard, and corrugated fiberboard: including cups, plates, bowls, napkins, carryout
bags, trays, egg cartons, doilies and tray liners. Some Paper Platesproducts are coated or
treated to improve wet strength or grease resistance. Paper Platesand Paper Plates
Platesboard packaging like pizza trays, French fry trays, Chinese noodle soup boxes,
hamburger clamshell trays, etc, are developed by printers utilizing Paper Platesconverting
equipment such as tray formers.

Molded pulp products are made from recycled newsprint and are formed under heat and
pressure into plates, bowls, trays and cup carriers. Molded pulp is readily recyclable.

Alternative materials

A number of manufacturers are now making disposable foodservice products from a

combination of natural starches, recycled fibers, water, air, and natural minerals. These
composite products include cups, plates, bowls, cutlery, sandwich wraps, food containers
and trays.

The material used to make these kinds of disposable foodservice products is primarily
PLA or polylactic acid. Some products are made from a mixture of PLA and pulp fibers
that are molded into disposable foodservice items with heat and pressure. Others are
made from a composite or mixture of starch and other materials, such as limestone and
recycled fibers, to give them additional strength.

Cost and Estimation:

By reducing the need for equipment and additional labor, disposable foodservice
packaging is an economical alternative to multiuse items and eliminates the need for
dishwashers and other support equipment (racks, carts, dollies, shelving, bins) It can also
 save money on water and energy used by dishwashers and can eliminates the need to
replace reusables that are broken, damaged, stolen or accidentally discarded.

Environmental concerns

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Paper Platesand plastic

foodservice packaging discarded in the countrys municipal solid waste stream accounted
1.3 percent in 2007 (by weight) of municipal solid waste. The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency also says that an often-cited waste prevention measure is the use of
washable plates, cups, napkins instead of the disposables variety. This will reduce
solid waste but will have other environmental effects, such as increased water and energy
use.

Litter composition studies conducted in many states across the country have found that
foodservice packaging items make up 1.4 percent of our nations litter stream.

Collection costs, the value of scrap material, and increased energy expenditures create an
additional economic barrier to recycling foodservice packaging. While recycling
foodservice packaging is difficult, recycled materials are being used in some foodservice
packaging.

Improved environmental footprint:

Many people are working on improving the environmental footprint of packaging for food
service. Often a Life-cycle assessment is valuable to determine the effects throughout the entire
system. Some actions include:

Packaging of incoming food and supplies can work toward the broad sustainable
packaging guidelines offered by many organizations. This includes the recycling of
packaging generated within the restaurant.

Packaging products used by the restaurant can include specified amounts of recycled
content in the products.
 Many packaging products can be compostable, but care is needed to match the needs of
regional composting facilities. Sometimes products can be certified.

Some single-use food packaging in recyclable but food contamination of products is often
a problem for recyclers.

Introduction About Plates:

A plate is a broad, concave, but mainly flat vessel on which food can be served.[1] A plate
can also be used for ceremonial or decorative purposes. Most plates are circular, but they
may be any shape, or made of any water-resistant material. Generally plates are raised
round the edges, either by a curving up, or a wider lip or raised portion. Vessels with no
lip, especially if they have a more rounded profile, are likely to be considered as bowls or
dishes, as are very large vessels with a plate shape. Plates are dishware, and tableware.
Plates in wood, pottery and metal go back into antiquity in many cultures.

Shape:

A plate is typically composed of:

The well, the bottom of the plate, where food is placed.

The lip, the flattish raised outer part of the plate (sometimes wrongly called the rim).
Its width in proportion to the well can vary greatly. It usually has a slight upwards
slope, or is parallel with the base, as is typical in larger dishes and traditional
Chinese shapes. Not all plates have a distinct lip.

The rim, the outer edge of the piece; often decorated, for example with gilding.

The base, the underside.

The usual wide and flat European raised lip is derived from old European metalwork plate
shapes; Chinese ceramic plates usually just curve up at the edges, or have a narrow lip. A
 completely flat serving plate, only practical for dry foods, may be called a trencher,
especially if in wood.

Materials:

Plates are commonly made from ceramic materials such as bone china, porcelain,
glazed earthenware and stoneware, as well as other traditional materials like, glass, wood
or metal; occasionally, stone has been used. Despite a range of plastics and other modern
materials, ceramics and other traditional materials remain the most common, except for
specialized uses such plates for young children. Porcelain and bone china were once
luxurious materials but today can be afforded by most of the world's population. Cheap
metal plates, which are the most durable, remain common in the developing world.
Disposable plates, which are often made from plastic or Paper Platespulp, were invented
in 1904, and are designed to be used only once. Also melamine resin or tempered
glass such as Corelle can be used.

Size and Type:

Plates for serving food come in a variety of sizes and types, such as:

Saucer: a small plate with an indentation for a cup

Appetizer, dessert, salad plate, and side plates: vary in size from 4 to 9 inches

Bread and butter plate: small (about 67 inches) for individual servings

Lunch or dessert plates (typically 9 inches)

Dinner plates: large (1012 inches), including buffet plates, serving plates which
tend to be larger (1114 inches)

Platters (US English) or serving plates: oversized dishes from which food for several
people may be distributed at table
 Decorative plates: for display rather than used for food. Commemorative plates have
designs reflecting a particular theme.

Charger: a decorative plate placed under a separate plate used to hold food, larger
(1314 inches)

Plates can be any shape, but almost all have a rim to prevent food from falling off the edge.
They are often white or off-white, but can be any color, including patterns and artistic
designs. Many are sold in sets of identical plates, so everyone at a table can have matching
tableware. Styles include:

Round: the most common shape, especially for dinner plates and saucers

Square: more common in Asian traditions like sushi plates or bento, and to add
modern style

Squircle: holding more food than round ones but still occupying the same amount of
space in a cupboard

Coupe (arguably a type of bowl rather than a plate): a round dish with a smooth,
round, steep curve up to the rim (as opposed to rims that curve up then flatten out)

Ribbon plate: decorative plate with slots around the circumference to enable a ribbon
to be threaded through for hanging.

Eco Friendly Plates

We are the leading Manufacturer, Supplier, Distributor and exporter of Eco Friendly
Plates in TamilNadu, Kerala, Karnataka, and Bangalore. Our Eco friendly Plates are eco
friendly and biodegradable. It is used for serving hot and cold food items in functions,
parties, hotels, restaurants etc. Our Eco friendly Paper Platesproducts are made out of
natural substance with elegant woody appearance and contain no artificial coloring. We
offer these plates in round, square, rectangle, hexagon shapes and in various sizes. Paper
Platescups and plates are biodegradable and environmental friendly. We offer extensive
 variety of disposable Paper Platescups with and without handle. It is made out of high
quality food grade Paper Plates Plates. Eco friendly biodegradable products are odorless,
leak proof and cheap in price. The print on the cups can be done as per your desire with
your logo and marks. Our products are packed in a customized way as per customer
specifications and requirement. We assure our prompt delivery in time.

LEAF PLATES:

The leaf sheath of Area (Areca Catechu Linn) palm, extensively cultivated in South India
as a cash crop, supplies a strong pliable material that is amenable to shaping. This product
is obtained from the plant leaf part, which in the course of its biological life cycle, dries,
falls and regenerates. This naturally shed leaf sheath is strong, semi flexible yet not
brittle, odourless, water and heat resistant. This leaf sheath has its own natural grains and
characteristic texture, very much similar to those seen in furniture grade wood. An added
advantage with this material is that it can be used to bake foodstuff and can even tolerate
microwave cooking. With such amazing properties it is no wonder that this raw material
has been used to manufacture a variety of items of day-to-day use such as disposable
plates, rain caps etc. and also as packaging material.

Palm shed leaf sheaths are first carefully sorted and then thoroughly washed and
mechanically pressed in a pre-heated form. A final trimming process gives finish to the
products. The entire manufacturing process uses no chemicals, resins, and dyes,
strengthening agents or synthetic materials whatsoever. A specialized baking &
sterilization process ensures that the plates are totally germ free, hygienic, and suitable
for using for food

Vision of Eco Plates:

Most popular products are the disposable bioplates, currently available in 17 different
sizes and shapes. Elegant to look at, it is the most convenient alternative to conventional
plates. There is a plate to suit every occasion - birthday parties, wedding parties, religious
 functions, corporate get together, picnics, tours, sports events or any other indoor /
outdoor caterings etc. These plates are economical and save on transportation, water and
cleaning work to the caterers, picnic, and tour and party organizers.

It is extremely sturdy and comparatively lighter. Its leak proof property and the ability to
withstand hot and cold temperature make it a product that is one of its kind. Its
biodegradable nature means that it can be easily disposed off after use, and over a period
of time decays with the soil like any other naturally shed leaf. It can be used as animal
feed and it is combustible too.

Range of products offer all the natural advantages of a material that is freely available
and demonstrates the overall advantages of using a biodegradable alternative. By
incorporating technology the company has also developed innovative, practical and
utility products in addition to the Bio plate viz. Greeting Cards, Caps, Packing material
etc; with many more products in the anvil.

The outer surface of the sheath is greenish or brown, waxy and tough, while the inner
surface is creamy in color and has natural grains and glossy finish.

PRODUCTION PROCESS:

The leaf stocks are cleaned and rinsed using clean ground water under high pressure.
Special care is taken where hygiene is concern. After all, people will be eating on these
plates later on. Then the most important face punching out the shapes and pressing them
with templates @ 180 degree. Operator operates two pressing machine at the same time,
because lots of weight is important depending on plate size.

The heat and pressure have to be applied for 40 to 60 seconds, so that the cookery retains
its stability and can even be used later on in microwave ovens. 2 to 3 plates or bowls can
be punched out of a good leafs sheet. Each piece is quite unique with the different colour
and leaf structure. Uneven areas and stubborn areas are brushed away using machines.
 As an Areca leaf product manufacturer, we have set our products to meet international
quality standards through optimized manufacturing process with Hygienic conditions,
trained and skilled operational personnel and dedicated quality assurance systems.

There are no chemicals or additives used in the entire manufacturing process. It is 100%
chemical free. Also the entire process leaves very less Carbon Foot Print when compared
to other disposable alternates in the market.

Even the water used for cleaning is collected and irrigated for the Green cover in the
factory premises.

Our products are manufactured from fallen dry sheaths of Betel nut trees. The areca
sheath when dried will fall from the tree and it is collected from the farms fresh and used
for making products. These sheaths are available in plenty in the South India region. The
usage of these leaves was started from our ancestors. We are only making them into
attractive shapes to meet the different customer requirements.
 COMPANY PROFILE

SIDHICK PLATES is proud to take the credit for introducing food serving bioplate
concept in some of the European Countries. The company is managed by thorough
professionals with qualifications and experience in the field. It is a 100% export oriented
unit, and its products have been exported since 2006. Presently the company has an in
house production capacity of about 50 million bio plates per annum, which is
upgradeable to 70 millions.

SIDHICK PLATES uses this natural, renewable and biodegradable raw material to convert it
into value added, environment friendly products. The company has pioneered an unique
mechanical process to manufacture this traditionally hand crafted cottage industry product.
This has now helped to mass-produce products of high standards, that maintain all the above
said features in addition to high quality, hygiene and superior finish.

As someone who has a sincere concern for the well being of this world and its future
generations, the typical eco friendly range of products of SIDHICK PLATES are here for you
 not only to stand out different, but also to set a fine example for others and to make your
humble contribution towards a greener and cleaner earth.

Sidhick Plates products are already being exported to the following countries and the list is
growing steadily

Switzerland

Australia

USA

Japan

Germany

France

Netherlands

Austria and other EU countries

COMPANY INFRASTRUCTURE:

We have one of the best facilities for producing a hygienic, safe and beautiful Palm leaf plates
when compared to any other competitors in this Industry. Each process is carried out with
perfection, precision and dedication by our enthusiastic workforce using sophisticated machines
in order to serve our Customer with the best possible quality out of this naturally gifted leaf raw
material.

Our manufacturing facility is located in Arasur, Coimbatore with an operational area of 20000
square feet. The Process design is implemented in such a way that the quality is being maintained
at high level in each of the process, leaving no stones unturned.
We have sophisticated customized pressing machines in our factory producing the eco leaf
plates, Special purpose machines for cleaning, trimming, packing and dedicated material
handling & storage equipment to handle the products safe and hygiene in every stage of
production.

We are proud to bring you our range of natural, sustainable plates and bowls, made from the
fallen leaves of the areca palm tree. These 100% biodegradable plates and bowls are durable,
lightweight and require minimal processing from tree to table: the fallen palm leaf is gathered,
washed in spring water, then heat-pressed into shape (this also sterilises the leaf) no chemicals,
waxes, dyes or additives are used!

Palm Leaf Plates are a stylish and unique alternative to other disposable tableware on the
market. They are stronger and more natural than corn starch, sugar cane, paper & bamboo
plates, and they wont harm our environment.
This cottage industry provides a source of income for many families in South Asia,
making Palm Leaf Plates a responsible decision for your family, their families, and our
environment. What better way of utilizing natures gift of fallen leaves! This is truly
natures tableware.

What We Do

We at "Sidhick Eco Concepts" aim to reduce the impact on our environment by creating
and promoting Areca Leaf products which are being produced with sustainable resource
(made from fallen leaves - 100% natural) through Eco friendly process (no chemicals or
 additives used) and make sure it is acceptable to Earth when disposed (biodegradable &
compostable).

VISION

To be a world class, leading eco-friendly product manufacturer who makes our

customers, employees, suppliers, shareholders, society and environment smile.

MISSION

We are committed to be a highly creative and socially responsible eco-friendly product

manufacturer, by delighting our customers with our responsive attitude, by introducing
innovative products with superior quality & reliability at an affordable cost and by
enhancing the organization's abilities to compete in the global market with minimal
environmental impact.

VALUES

Customer smile / delight

Ethics, Integrity

Commitment to Quality

Innovation / Continuous improvement

Team work / People development

QUALITY POLICY

Sidhick Eco Concepts Private limited strives to achieve customer smile by delivering quality
products consistently, on time and every time. We dedicate ourselves for innovation and
continual improvement in all the areas of business.
 FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENT

1. Production Department
2. HR Department
3. Finance Department
4. Marketing Department
5. Sales Department
6. Purchasing Department
 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

INTRODUCTION:

In order to conserve natural resources and economize energy, weight reduction has been
the main focus of automobile manufacturers in the present scenario. Weight reduction can
be achieved primarily by the introduction of better material, design optimization and better
manufacturing processes. The suspension leaf spring is one of the potential items for
weight reduction in automobiles as it accounts for 10% - 20% of the unstrung weight. This
achieves the vehicle with more fuel efficiency and improved riding qualities. The
introduction of composite materials was made it possible to reduce the weight of leaf
spring without any reduction on load carrying capacity and stiffness. Since, the composite
materials have more elastic strain energy storage capacity and high strength to weight ratio
as compared with those of Plates, multi-leaf Plates springs are being replaced bymono-leaf
composite springs. The composite material offer opportunities for substantial weight
saving but not always be cost-effective over their Plates counterparts.

Disposable food packaging comprises disposable items often found in fast food
restaurants, takeout restaurants and kiosks, and catering establishments. Food serving
items for picnics and parties is very similar. Typical disposable foodservice products are
plates, bowls, cups, utensils, doilies and tray Paper Plates Platess. These products can be
made from a number of materials including plastics, Paper Plates Plates, bio-
 resins and bamboo. Packaging of fast food and take-out food is necessary for the customer
but involves a significant amount of material that ends up in landfill,
recycling, composting, or litter.

Disposable food service products made from Paper Plates Plates, Paper Plates Platesboard,
and corrugated fiberboard: including cups, plates, bowls, napkins, carryout bags, trays,
egg cartons, doilies and tray liners. Some Paper Platesproducts are coated or treated to
improve wet strength or grease resistance. Paper Platesand Paper Plates Platesboard
packaging like pizza trays, French fry trays, Chinese noodle soup boxes, hamburger
clamshell trays, etc, are developed by printers utilizing Paper Platesconverting equipment
such as tray formers Molded pulp products are made from recycled newsprint and are
formed under heat and pressure into plates, bowls, trays and cup carriers. Molded pulp is
readily recyclable.

PRODUCTION CHAT

ABOUT LEAF PLATE

The subject gives a brief look on the suitability of composite leaf spring on vehicles and
their advantages. Efforts have been made to reduce the cost of composite leaf spring to that
of Plates leaf spring. The achievement of weight reduction with adequate improvement of
 mechanical properties has made composite a very replacement material for convectional
Plates. Material and manufacturing process are selected upon on the cost and strength
factor. The design method is selected on the basis of mass production. From the
comparative study, it is seen that the composite leaf spring are higher and more economical
than convectional leaf spring.

Areca Leaf Plates are made from areca leaf, which are eco friendly and sanitized,
Manufacturing in high Quality. We have various standard designs in our products range.
We also provide exclusive designs based on the customer reference of shapes and sizes.
Quality is our primary important and considering it throughout the manufacturing process.
We are following strict quality checkpoints at each stage of the manufacturing process to
ensure the standard product quality.

The expects are checking the quality at each stage as well as we are following Five S tool
to conform the quality, The plates are washed in hot water to ensure the germ-free and it is
packed clean with care . We assure that the products are manufactured without any
chemical. Our modern Classic variety of products includes Circular, Rectangle, Hexagon
and Square shapes with various sizes. The products sizes starts from 4 inches to 12 inches.
The shapes are perfected through proper die design, heating and controlled manufacturing
process.

MANUFACTURING PROCESS:

The process of manufacturing is not very complicated. The product is manufactured using
the specific die. The Paper Platesand the polythene sheets are previously cut to size or can
also be purchased as per the production requirement. The specific die is mounted on the
press and the die is heated to the desired temperature. The two layers of Paper Platesand
the polythene sheets are placed in between the male-female die parts and pressure is
applied so that the product takes shape. The formed product is next removed and another
set is loaded.

The machine is an ordinary press with one fixed platform nd another moving plunger. The
movement of the plunger is through hydraulic mechanism. The formed products are
 collected and the edges are trimmed to give it a proper shape. The plates and bowls are
packed separately and stocked for dispatch. Know how is available with the machinery
suppliers. The machinery is all indigenously available. The production capacity envisaged
is 30000-40000 nos per day per machine on two shift basis for 300 days per year.

The leaf cup machine is a simple pedal operated machine, manually operated with
minimum power consumption. It requires 300 watts of electric power. It can also work
without power by kerosene oil blowlamp. The leaves are washed and dried to retain their
pliability and kept in a polythene bag to avoid drying before use. The leaves are placed on
the lower die platen, the pedal is pressed down and released after a few seconds. All the
operation like folding, trimming, pressing into shape and drying are done in a single
operation by pressing the pedal lever. The leaf cup, subjected to heating to 150 degree C
for 10 seconds also gets sterilized.

History of Leave Plates Manufacturing Process:

Investigation of composite leaf spring in the early 60s failed to yield the production facility
because of inconsistent fatigue performance and absence of strong need for mass reduction.
Researches in the area of automobile components have been receiving considerable
attention now. Particularly the automobile manufacturers and parts makers have been
attempting toreduce the weight of the vehicles in recent years. Emphasis of vehicles weight
reduction in 1978 justified taking a new look at composite springs.

Studies are made to demonstrate viability and potential of FRP in automotive structural
application. The development of a lit flex suspension leaf spring is first achieved. Based on
consideration of chipping resistance base part resistance and fatigue resistance, a carbon
glass fiber hybrid laminated spring is constructed. A general discussion on analysis and
design of constant width, variable thickness, composite leaf spring is presented. The
fundamental characteristics of the double tapered FRP beam are evaluated for leaf spring
application. Recent developments have been achieved in the field of materials
improvement and quality assured for composite leaf springs based on microstructure
mechanism.

All these report that the cost of composite; leaf spring is higher than that of Plates leaf
spring. Hence an attempt has been made to fabricate the composite leaf spring with the
 same cost as that of Plates leaf spring. Material properties and design of composite
structures are reported in many s. Very little information are available in connection with
finite element analysis of leaf spring in the , than too in 2D analysis of leaf spring. At the
same time, the available regarding experimental stress analysis more. The experimental
procedures are described in national and international standards. Recent emphasis on mass
reduction and developments in materials synthesis and processing technology has led to
proven production worthy vehicle equipment.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING

MATERIALS SELECTION

Materials constitute nearly 60%-70% of the vehicle cost and contribute to the quality and
the performance of the vehicle. Even as mall amount in weight reduction of the vehicle,
may have a wider economic impact. Composite materials are proved as suitable
substitutes for Plates in connection with weight reduction of the vehicle. Hence, the
composite material have been selected for leaf spring design.

FIBRES SELECTION

The commonly used fibers are carbon, glass, keviar, etc.. Among these, the glass fiber has
been selected based on the cost factor and strength. The types of glass fibers are C-
glasss-glass and E-glass. The C-glass fiber is designed to give improved surface finishs-
glass fiber is design to give very high modular, which is used particularly in aeronautic
industries. The E-glass fiber is a high quality glass, which is used as standard
reinforcement fiber for all the present systems well complying with mechanical property
requirements. Thus, E-glass fiber was found appropriate for this application.

RESINS SELECTION:

In a FRP leaf spring, the inter laminar shear strengths is controlled by the matrix system
used . since these are reinforcement fibers in the thickness direction , fiber do not influence
inter laminar shear strength. Therefore, the matrix system should have good inter laminar
shear strength characteristics compatibility to the selected reinforcement fiber. Many
thermo set resins such as polyester, vinyl ester, azpoxy resin are being used for fiber
reinforcement plastics (FRP) fabrication. Among these resin systems, epoxies show better
 inter laminar shear strength and good mechanical properties. Hence, epoxies are found to
be the best resins that would suit this application. Different grades of epoxy resins and
hardener combinations are classifieds, based on the mechanical properties.

Among these grades, the grade of epoxy resin selected is Dobeckot 520 F and the grade of
hardener used for this application 758. Dobeckot 520 F is a solvent less epoxy resin. Which
in combination with hardener 758 cures into hard resin? Hardener 758 is a low viscosity
polyamine. Dobeckot 520 F, hardener 758 combination is characterized by Good
mechanical and electrical properties. Faster curing at room temperature. Good chemical
resistance properties.

PROPERTIES OF E-GLASS / EPOXY COMPOSITE

By considering the property variation in the tapered system improper bonding and improper
curing, etc. some constant of property value are reduced from calculated values using equations.
The material properties for E-glass / Epoxy composite for 60% of fiber volume is given below.

PROPERTIES VALUES:

Tensile modulus along X direction (Ex),MPa 14000

Tensile modulus along Y direction (Ey),MPa 6030

Tensile modulus along Z direction (Ez),MPa 1530

Tensile strength of the material, MPa 800

Compressive strength of the material, MPa 450

Shear modulus along XY direction(Gxy),MPa 2433

Shear modulus along YZ direction(Gyz),MPa 1600

Shear modulus along ZX direction(Gzx),MPa 2433

Flexural modulus of the material, MPa 40000

Flexural strength of the material, MPa 1000

 Poisson ratio along XY direction(NUxy) 0.217

Poisson ratio along YZ direction(NUyz) 0.366

Poisson ratio along ZX direction(NUzx) 0.217

Mass density of the material (),Kg/mm 2 * 10

DESIGN SELECTION

The leaf spring behaves like a simply supported beam and the flexural analysis is done
considering it as a simply supported beam. The simply supported beam is subjected to both
bending stress and transverse shear stress. Flexural rigidity is an important parameter in the leaf
spring design and test out to increase from two ends to the center.

CONSTANT THICKNESS, VARYING WIDTH DESIGN

In this design the thickness is kept constant over the entire length of the leaf spring while the
width varies from a minimum at the two ends to a maximum at the center.

CONSTANT WIDTH, VARYING THICKNESS DESIGN

In this design the width is kept constant over the entire length of the leaf spring while the
thickness varies from a minimum at the two ends to a maximum at the center.

CONSTANT CROSS-SELECTION DESIGN

In this design both thickness and width are varied throughout the leaf spring such that the cross-
section area remains constant along the length of the leaf spring.

Out of the above mentioned design concepts, the constant cross-section design method is
selected due to the following reasons:-

Due to its capability for mass production and accommodation of continuous

reinforcement of fibers.

Since the cross-section area is constant throughout the leaf spring, same quantity of
reinforcement fibre and resin can be fed continuously during manufacture.

Also this is quite suitable for filament winding process.

COMPUTER ALGORITHM:

A computer algorithm using C language has been developed for the design of constant cross-
section leaf spring. The design requirements of composite leaf spring are given below.

Parameter Values:

1. Static load acting on the spring, (W),N 2500

2. Static deflection of the spring, mm 100

3. Distance between eyes (2L), mm 1153

4. Camber, mm 160

5. Spring rate of the leaf spring(K),N/mm 25

6. In constant cross-section on design both the thickness and width are varied through to the leaf
spring such that the cross-section area remains constants. Considering the bearing strength of the
Plates plate, the calculated thickness of the leaf at the bolted ends (tc) is 7.5 mm. Based on the
leaf interchangeability in mounting the rear axel, the width at the center (bm)is chosen as 30 mm
and corresponding thickness 31 mm .Stress and deflections are calculated from the theory of
bending. The output of computer algorithm is the dimensions (breath and thickness) of leaf
spring at various distances from the center. The dimensional details can be utilized in developing
models for finite element analysis and mould making process.

THREE DIMENSIONALFINITE ELEMENT ANALYSES

 The composite leaf spring is analyzed for static strength and deflection using 3D finite
element analysis. The general purpose finite element analysis software ANSYS versin5.5
is used for the present study. Using the advantage of symmetry in geometry and loading,
only one-half of the leaf spring is modeled analyzed. The three dimensional structure of
the leaf spring is divided into a number eight-nodded 3D brick elements. in order to get
accurate results, more number of elements are to be created.

Hence, an aspect ratio of three is maintained in the finite element model. The variation of
bending stress and displacement values are predicted. The composite leaf spring from
unreformed shape, it is observed from the results that the composite leaf spring functions
equally as the conventional leaf spring under similar loading conditions.

SELECTION OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS:

Apart from the selection of material and design procedure, the selection of manufacturing
process also determines the quality and cost of the product. Hence, the composite leaf spring
manufacturing process should fulfill the following criteria.

The process should be amenable to mass production.

The process should be capable of producing continuous reinforcement fiber.

Based on above requirements, filament-winding techniques are selected. In filament winding

process, continuous fibreunder controlled tension are drawn from spools mounted on creel stands
wetted with the resin by passing the fibers through a resin bath and wound onto the rotating
mould. After achieving the desired thickness, the process is stopped and the mould is removed
from the machine and kept for curing. This process does not involve huge investment.

FABRICATION:

In this section the details of mould fabrication, filament winding machine, winding setup, resin
preparation, winding process and metallic eye are discussed.

MOULD FABRICATION
 The mould used for the fabrication of FRP leaf spring should satisfy the following
requirements.

The cavity of the mould should resemble the actual leaf spring shape and dimension.

It should have a continuous positive surface of resolution.

It should be designed such that it can be rotated about an axis of revolution.

The mould is designed as per the design of the constant cross-section leaf spring and above
the requirements. After deciding the dimensions of the mould, it is manufactured using
wood as the pattern material. Adding small wooden pieces along its boundaries create the
composite leaf spring.

FILEMENT WINDING MACHIME

The mould that is used for the manufacture of composite leaf spring has an outer dia. of one
meter. The mould after mounting on the machine has to be rotated as the fibre is wound on it.
Hence a machine, which has the swing over dia.of one meter has to be used.This led to the
selection of the horizontal-boring machine which has an adjustable swing over die. An
attachment is also fabricated for mounting the mould on to the spindle head of the boring
machine.

WINDING SETUP

The actual winding of the leaf spring involves the operation of the winding machine, after
attaching the resin bath and mould. Before the process is started, the epoxy resin and
hardener combination has to be placed in the resin bath. There in bath is an important unit
of the winding setup. It provides the necessary matrix impregnation to fibers before they
are wound over the mould surface. The resin bath should accomplish the following
requirements.

1. It should wet the fibre roving uniformly with a controlled amount of resin.

2. The capacity of the resin bath should be sure that all the resin poured should be
utilized completely.
 3. The resin must be poured at constant temperature to maintain a constant
viscosity.

4. It should avoid fibre breakage during impregnation.

The resin bath consists of a number of rollers, which are placed to guide the fibres. The
fibers from the creel stand are allowed to pass through the rollers that are placed well inside
the resin bath. This enables the fibers to get completely soaked in the resin. The soaked
fibre is then allowed to pass through two rollers, which are rotating inp\opposite directions.
By this method the amount of resin in the fiber is found. The filament winding setup is
shown here. The mould is first mounted on the filament winding using the fabricated
attachment and then it is rotated at a speed of 15 rpm.

RESIN PREPRATION

The selected epoxy resin is Dobeckot 520 F with hardener 758.For every 100 parts by
weight of Dobeckot 520 F,10-12 parts by weight of hardener 758 is mixed well at a
temperature of 20C- 40C and used within 30-40 min, since the gel time of epoxy resin is
30-40 min.

WINDING PROCESS

After the preparation of the resin, the resin is poured into the resin bath and the fiber
placed in the creel stand is allowed to pass through rollers in the resin bath. The soaked
fibre is then allowed to pass over the mould. The process is continued till the desired
thickness is achieved.

METALLIC EYE

Since it is difficult to fabricate a leaf spring with the eye portion by filament winding
process, a separate metallic eye is fabricated and then fixed to the leaf spring.

EXPERIMENTATION

In this section the machine details and testing details of composite leaf spring are
discussed. The static and fatigue tests are also covered.

TESTING MACHINE
The main problem faced in using a standard material testing machine for testing a leaf spring is
the displacement. The standard machines are designed for a displacement in the order of
microns. But the leaf spring testing machine must permit displacements in the order of
centimeters. The machine must be capable of exerting heavy loads in the range of a few tones.
The machine must be equipped with a suitable fixture, which will simulate the actual mounting
of the leaf spring in the automobile. This lead to the need of a servo-hydraulic testing machine
for the testing of leaf springs. Hence, a hydraulic-testing machine for testing of leaf springs has
been designed and fabricate. The special fixture arrangement for leaf spring testing.

COMPOSIT LEAF SPRING TESTING

The leaf springs are tested following standard procedures recommended by SAE. The
spring to be tested is examined for any defects like cracks, surface abnormality, etc.. and
the surface where the strain gauges are to be fixed is cleaned free from dust, rust and any
greases. Then, strain gauges are fixed to the prepared surface by using a cyano-acrylate
adhesive.

STATIC TEST

The spring is loaded from zero to the prescribed maximum deflection and back to zero. The
applied load is measured near the center clamp location. The vertical deflection of the
spring center is also measured. The test readings are recorded at four locations where the
strain gauges are fixed in actual experimental conditions. The variations of bending stress
with load at location 1 to location 4 are shown in the figure. The graphs are drawn when
applying the load and releasing the load. The finite element analysis results and
experimental results for the load at 4200KN are given below.

FATIGUE TEST:

A fatigue analysis is carried out with the help of hydraulic-fatigue testing machine. The
designed and fabricated composite leaf spring is mounted on testing machine and the limit
switches are fixed at a span of 50 mm in the vertical direction. This is the amplitude of
loading cycle, which is considerably high amplitude. The frequency of one cycle is 66 mHz,
which is considered to be very low. This leads to high amplitude low frequency fatigue test.
During the test the value of strain at location 1 is recorded. The maximum and minimum
 stress values obtained at the first cycle of the composite leaf spring are 299 MPa and 202
MPa respectively. As the number of cycles goes on increasing, the fluctuation in the stress
are continuing to a certain level then settling takes place.

Under this condition, the maximum and minimum operating stress values are found to be
310 MPa and 208 MPa, respectively. Since, the fatigue (tensile) strength of the composite
material is considered as 900 MPa, the stress level obtained from operating stress is 0.33,
which is very low and safe. Due to high amplitude and low frequency fatigue analysis, the
experimental analysis does not provide final results in the short period.

The test is conducted for 100 to complete 25,000 cycles. The variations in stress level are
reduced to very low level after 25,000 cycles. It is observed from the fatigue test that there is
only a negligible reduction in spring rate (1.5%) and no crack initiation in the spring after
25,000 cycles of fatigue loading. Hence there is necessity to go for analytical model for
finding the remaining number of cycles of fatigue.

COMPARISION WITH PLATES LEAF SPRING

The objective of this study is to evaluate the applicability of a composite leaf spring in
automobiles by considering cost-effectiveness and strength. The comparison between multi-
leaf spring and mono-leaf composite spring is made for the same requirements and loading
conditions. The comparison is based on four major aspects such as weight, riding comfort,
cost and strength.

COMPARISON OF WEIGHT

The total weight of composite leaf spring is 4 Kg including the metal eye weight of 1 Kg. The
weight of a convectional Plates spring assembly is around 15 Kg. So, around 70% of weight
reduction is achieved. Thus the objective of reducing the unsparing mass is achieved to a larger
extent.

COMPARISION BASED ON RIGIDITY QUALITIES

 The weight reduction of unsparing mass of an automobile will improve the riding quality.
The suspension leaf contributes 10% - 20% of the unsparing mass. The weight of the
composite leaf spring is 3.75 times less than Plates leaf spring. Hence the riding comfort of
an automobile is increased due to the replacement of the Plates leaf spring by composite leaf
spring. No one to the best of knowledge has worked but qualitatively on how much
improvement in mileage/lit of passenger vehicle occurs and how much riding comfort
improves. Only qualitative information is available on riding comfort of vehicle with respect
to its unsparing mass. Plates spring is a multi-leaf spring and it sinter-leaf fabrication
reduces its riding quality. But composite leaf spring is a mono-leaf spring and more
conductive to riding qualities.

COST COMPARISION

The cost estimation of composite leaf spring provides a clear economic viability of the product in
comparison to that of a convectional leaf spring.

MOULD COST

Cost incurred in the manufacture of a mould is Rs 1400. This mould can be used at least for
50,000 cycles of manufacturing composite leaf springs through filament winding process and
this results to manufacture of around1, 00,000 leaf spring. Hence, the cost distribution over 1,
00,000 leaf spring gives cost around Rs 0.14 per leaf spring. Machine Hour Rate Of Filament
Winding Machine hour rate of filament winding machine is around Rs 140 and time required
in the manufacturing of two leaf spring is only 30 min. therefore the cost involved is Rs
35.Labour And Miscellaneous Cost. The cost involved in employing skilled labour has to be
incorporated in the total cost. In this case there is no labour involvement. It is assumed that
the labour cost and miscellany cost in manufacture of two leaf spring is Rs 35.

Cost of Convectional Leaf Spring

The convectional leaf spring assembly is available in the market for Rs 1000. By assuming a
profit margin of 25%vof the leaf spring, the cost of the leaf spring works out to be Rs 750. Hence
it concerns that the cost of a composite leaf spring is equal to that of a convectional leaf spring
even at a development stage. This shows that if mass production is achieved the cost can be
reduced by 20% - 30% of the cost of a convectional leaf spring.

STRENGTH COMPARISION

Static test has been conducted on Plates and composite leaf spring. Since, the composite leaf
spring is able to with stand the static load as well as the fatigue load, it is concluded that there
is no objection from strength point of view also, in the process of replacing convectional leaf
spring by composite leaf spring. To establish the consistency of test results, extensive trail on
a large scale has to carriedout. This requires large time and infrastructure, which are beyond
the scope of the present study. Since, the composite spring is designed for same stiffness as
that of Plates spring, both the springs are considered to be almost equal in car stability.

The major disadvantage of composite leaf springs is cost and resistance. In this study, the
cost factor has been proved to be ineffective. However the matrix material is likely to chip
off when it is subjected to poor road environment (ie; if some stone hit the composite leaf
spring then it may produce chipping), which may sometimes break the fibers in the lower
portion of the spring. This may result in a loss of capability to share flexural stiffness. But
this depends on the condition of the road. In normal road condition, this type of problems
will not occur.
 MACHINES DETAILES

Semi Automatic Areca Leaf Plate Makin:

Hydraulic Cylinder

Manufacturer & Exporter of a wide range of products which include Hydraulic Cylinder
such as Welded Hydraulic Cylinders, Clamping Cylinder, Block Cylinders, Tie Rod
Hydraulic Cylinder, Industrial Hydraulic Cylinder, Threaded Body Cylinder and many
more items.

We are one of the renowned manufacturers and exporter of broad range of Welded
Hydraulic Cylinders. These are made from high quality raw material procured from our
reliable and trusted vendors. We testify our products before delivering it to our reputed
clients. These are available at affordable prices. We also ensure these are offered in
various technical specifications to meet varied needs of our client.
Features:

Tubes are roll burnished

Higher surface finish

Improved seal life

Low friction between seal and tube

Specifications:

Speed of the Cylinder: 0.5 m/s

Mounting: 14 Types

Max.Working pressure : 240 Bar

Bore ranges: from 25 mm to 500 mm with stroke length of 6 mtrs

Applications:

Construction Industry

Agricultural Industry

CLAMPING CYLINDER:

Under expert guidance of our engineers and technicians, we provide a wide variety of Clamping
Cylinder. These are fabricated using advance technology and high quality raw material that are
procured from reliable and trusted vendors. We offer these at market leading price to our
respectedClients.

Specifications:

Hard chrome plated

Induction hardened

Compact height

Easy assembly and disassembly

Applications:

Engineering industry

Foundry

Bore well Rig

Disposable Plates Making Machine:

 With our vast industrial experience and knowledge, we offer a wide array of Leaf Cup Plate
Machine. This Leaf Cup Plate Machine is used for making cups, plate and many more
things. Our offered Leaf Cup Plate Machine is effective and the cup, plate is used for
serving in weddings, parties and many more.

Features:

Sturdy construction

Easy installation

Durability

Ladies can also operate conveniently

Machine is foot operated

One person Operate one Machine

Needs Nominal Investment

Die can be heated by Domestic Current (220 Volts) or by Kerosene

Friendly/Biodegradable

Production Capacity per 8 Hours:

Thalies Plain: 1200 Nos

 Thalies Charkahna: 1200 Nos

Katories: 2500 Nos

Nashta Plates 5: 2500 Nos

Nashta Plates 7: 1900 Nos

Reasons for Growing Popularity of Leaf Cup Plates:

Hygienic

Germs Free

Leak Proof

Elegant and Low cost

Convenient and Clean way of serving in parties and weddings

Best for fast food restaurants and Hawkers

HR DEPARTMENT

INTRODUCTION

Human Resource is a term used to describe the individuals who comprise the workforce
of an organization, although it is also applied in labour economics to, for example,
business sectors or even whole nations. Human resources is also the name of the function
within an organization charged with the overall responsibility for implementing strategies
and policies relating to the management of individuals (i.e. the human resources). This
function title is often abbreviated to the initials 'HR'. In simple terms, an organization's
human resource management strategy should maximize return on investment in the
organization's human capital and minimize financial risk.

Human Resources seeks to achieve this by aligning the supply of skilled and qualified
individuals and the capabilities of the current workforce, with the organization's ongoing
and future business plans and requirements to maximize return on investment and secure
 future survival and success. In ensuring such objectives are achieved, the human resource
function purpose in this context is to implement the organization's human resource
requirements effectively but also pragmatically, taking account of legal, ethical and as far
as is practical ina manner that retains the support and respect of the workforce

HR DEPARTMENT CHART

HR Department in Sidhick Industry

Sidhick Human Resource Processes are rooted in business priorities, market realities and
long term oriented. Inherent in them are the qualities like innovation, continuous learning
 and improvement in the work processes, talent identification and nurturing. Sidhick
through its concerted efforts aim sat becoming the most preferred employer in the
Industry and create one of the best places to work in the manufacturing sector.

Our HR processes stem from the faith in Human Potential and its Creative Power. Our
work cultures that enable its Human Resources enjoy professional freedom. Our Learning
Center is a forum where unique learning events take place as a part of the process of
institutionalization of continuous learning. The compensation package of the Sidhick
matches with the Industry Standards with qualities of flexibility, valuing talent and
encouraging career growth.

KEY FUNCTIONS

Human Resources may set strategies and develop policies, standards, systems, andprocesses
that implement these strategies in a whole range of areas. The following aretypical of a wide
range of organizations:

Recruitment, selection, and on-boarding (resourcing)

Organizational design and development

Business transformation and change management

Performance, conduct and behaviour management

Industrial and employee relations

Human resources (workforce) analysis and workforce personnel data

management

Compensation, rewards, and benefits management

Training and development (learning management)

Implementation of such policies, processes or standards may be directly managed by the

HRfunction itself, or the function may indirectly supervise the implementation of such
activities by managers, other business functions or via third-party external partner
organizations.
TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

Learning is a continual process in Sidhick. As your career progresses, there are

opportunities to enhance your professional and personal skills. A formal process,
known as Targeted Development, helps you and your supervisor in planning your
development to meet both business and personal goals. Sidhick recognizes the
effectiveness of experiential learning and values "on-the-job training as a primary
means of development. The company's collaboration with manyLeading universities,
research institutions, companies, and industry & professional organizations also often
present unique developmental experiences. Formal training is another important
avenue for gaining new skills. Each business within the company has ongoing training
programs that are designed specifically to maximize the performance of its employees
in meeting business objectives.

The Sidhick on the expertise of external training providers and the company's own
functional experts to offer a wide range of courses in areas such as Leadership &
Management, Sales &Marketing, Finance, Manufacturing, Human Resources,
Information Technology, Personal Skills, and Safety & Health. Other development
opportunities include training sessions and seminars presented by industry or
professional organizations. Sidhick also offers a program that provides financial
assistance to employees pursuing courses at academic institutions.
HR PRACTICES AT SIDHICK

Here are a few of the ways Sidhick works with its employees to help them achieve their full
potential, although not all of these initiatives are available in every country in which Sidhick
operates.

The Sidhick Experience

Career development starts on the first day. This includes career and personal development
planning and "The Sidhick Experience", an interactive, global induction program they provide in
the India

Performance and Development Planning

Their global Performance and Development Planning process (PDP) is there to help employees
at all stages of their career. PDP is a powerful tool for matching personal success to the success
of the business. Throughout the year, both the employees and their manager will work together
on this process to set you challenging objectives and identify career development needs.

Career Innovation Zone

Career Innovation Zone is an online resource that employees can access freely at anytime from
work or home. It offers a wealth of interactive tools and tips to help them work out the potential
career directions and choices that would be right for them.

My Learning

Employees will also have access to my Learning, its online course catalogue. My Learning
allows employees to work with their manager to create a custom is learning plan and to take
advantage of the wide variety of instructor-led and eLearning courses, including a number of
customized Leadership Development offerings.
 Coaching and feedback

Sidhick foster a culture of ongoing coaching and feedback for all employees. A variety of formal
and informal resources are available to help employees, including a 360-degree feedback process
and external coaching. Employees will also be encouraged to take part in either a formal or
informal mentoring relationship.

On-the-job development

On-the-job development is part of the way Sidhick works. Opportunities for "stretch
assignments, secondments, and access to their cross business job posting database are a few of
the resources available to employees.

Recommendations of Employee

Safe, Healthy and Happy Workplace

Creating a safe, healthy and happy workplace will ensure that your employees feel homely and
stay with your organization for a very long time. Capture their pulse through employee surveys.

Open Book Management Style

Sharing information about contracts, sales, new clients, management objectives, company
policies, employee personal data etc. ensures that the employees are as enthusiastic about the
business as the management. Through this open book process you can gradually create a culture
of participative management and ignite the creative endeavor of your work force.. It involves
making people an interested party to your strategic decisions, thus aligning them to your business
objectives. Be as open as you can. It helps in building trust & motivates employees. Employee
self service portal, Manager on-line etc. are the tools available today to the management to
practice this style.

Performance linked Bonuses

Paying out bonuses or having any kind of variable compensation plan can be both anincentive
and disillusionment, based on how it is administered and communicated. Bonus must be
designed in such a way that people understand that there is no payout unless the company hits a
certain level of profitability. Additional criteria could be the team's success and the individual's
performance. Never pay out bonus without measuring performance, unless it is a statutory
obligation.

360 Degree Performance Management Feedback System

This system, which solicits feedback from seniors (including the boss), peers and subordinates,
has been increasingly embraced as the best of all available methods for collecting performance
feedback. Gone are the days of working hard to impress only one person, now the opinions of all
matter, especially if you are in a leadership role (at any level). Every person in the team is
responsible for giving relevant, positive and constructive feedback. Such systems also help in
identifying leaders for higher level positions in the organization. Senior managers could use this
feedback for self development.

Special Benefits provided for Employees

Medical facilities: Free medical facilities for employees and their family, which continues
even after retirement.

Housing facilities: Subsidized electricity, water and housing facilities to all employees.

Higher studies: Monetary incentives to employees acquiring higher qualifications in a related

field along with study leave, scholarships etc. when necessary.

Holiday Homes: Sidhick Plates has five holiday homes for benefit of employees during
vacation.

Sidhick Plates Officers Beach Club: All officers of Sidhick Plates are eligible to be
members of the Beach Club that offers holidays in elite hospitality chains.

Family Benefit Scheme: In the tragic case of a fatality in the Works, a monthly pension equal
to the amount of the last drawn salary of the deceased is given to the legal heir until the time
the deceased would have attained the age of 60.

DEVELOPING PEOPLE

Valuing its people as a great asset, Sidhick Plates is committed to their development, both
in order to benefit the individual and to benefit the Company through increased
 knowledge and skills. In order to leverage maximum potential of human resource to
achieve business objectives the Company recognizes that enrichment of people will help
retain a motivated workforce in a competitive environment.

I. Skills Development - Non-officers

Skill training is a process that begins at the time of an employee joining the company
and continues throughout his or her career. Employees work in clusters of multi-skilled
workers and move across and within clusters on improving their skills levels. The
Technical Training Institute imparts vocational and basic skills training; the
departments impart on-the-job training. In order to promote self-directed learning, the
Company has introduced e-learning whereby employees can access electronic courses
from their departmental e-Learning centers.

II. Skills Development Officers

Sidhick Plates Management Development Centre conducts a number of managerial

and functional competency based programmers for officers and supervisors. The
objectives of these programmers are:

1. To build individual capability by enhancing managerial and functional competencies which

are critical to operations, service and support functions.

2. To build a leadership pipeline in the organization to prepare the people to meet the challenges
of growth, globalization and change.

FINANCE DEPARTMENT

INTRODUCTION:

The Finance Department work closely with the management act as professional advice
and control service for the financial activities of the Company.
 Departmental Meetings are held regularly, in which work related matters are discussed.
Additionally the detail work in progress of each section in monitored through meetings
between the Senior Staff and the Juniors for which they are responsible.

The FD help the other departments to meet their service objectives by acquiring services
and goods, allocating the Companys financial resources, processing financial
transactions, and providing information and analysis as a basis for decision-making.

Mission of Finance Department:

The Finance Department is committed to providing the highest levels of financial

services to the Company.

This includes insuring that proper controls and procedures are in place to manage
properly.

We constantly evaluate and balance the types and levels of services provided

Efficiencies are developed through staff training opportunities, teamwork and by

providing employees with a challenging and fulfilling work environment.

Objective of Finance:

The broad objectives of the Finance Department areto provide a timely, efficient and cost
effective service:

Continuing to improve the level of operational efficiency of the Finance Department.

Maintaining effective working relationships with the rest of the Company.

Continuing to improve the quality of financial information supplied to departments.

Meeting the Reporting deadlines set by GAC

 Ensuring wide compliance with the Financial Regulations.

AIMS OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT

The finance department of a business takes responsibility for organising the financial and
accounting affairs including the preparation and presentation of appropriate accounts, and the
provision of financial information for managers. The main areas covered by the financial
department include.

1. Book keeping procedures.

Keeping records of the purchases and sales made by a business as well as capital
spending. These records today are typically kept on computer files. But we still use the
term ledger entries to refer to the days when all financial transactions were carefully
recorded in thick books

2. Creating a balance sheet and profit and loss account.

Financial statements need to be produced at given time intervals, for example at the end
of each financial year. Trial balances are extracted from the ledger entries to create a
Balance Sheet showing the assets and liabilities of a business at the year end. In addition,
records of purchases and sales are totalled up to create a Profit and Loss (P&L) account.

3. Providing management information.

Managers require ongoing financial information to enable them to make better decisions.
For example, they will want information about how much it costs to produce a particular
product or service, in order to assess how much to produce and whether it might be more
worthwhile to switch to making an alternative product.

4. Management of wages.

The wages section of the finance department will be responsible for calculating the wages
and salaries of employees and organising the collection of income tax and national
insurance for the Inland Revenue.

5. Raising of finance.
 The finance department will also be responsible for the technical details of how a
business raises finance e.g. through loans, and the repayment of interest on that finance.
In addition it will supervise the payment of dividends to shareholders.

Functions of Finance Department

TREASURY Control

Responsible for all Treasury operations. General responsibilities include Investments,

Utility Billings, Collections, Debt Correspondence.

Control disbursement and reconciliation of all checks or withdrawals from treasury

accounts. Provide Banking Services such as Checks, Endorsement stamps, Deposit
tickets and placing stop payments.
Cash Control

Collect, Record and Deposit funds for all Treasury transactions and ensure that the
Deposits are made timely and accurately.

Account Receivable

Maintains Accurate Account and Billing Records for Other Accounts Receivable.

Purchasing Services

Maintain and ensure compliance with purchasing policies and procedures.

Handle purchasing inquiries from Departments.

Process purchasing requisition, Vendor Records and Contract Documents. Assist staff in
reducing cost of doing business by using more efficient procurement methods.

Financial Accounting/Control

Monthly Management Reports, Budget Settings and Monitoring, Financial Planning,

Capital Project Reporting.

Pay Roll

Payroll Production, Income Tax Returns.

Monitoring of Changes in Human Resources (Hires and Terminations).

Filing all reporting requirements with various Government agencies; like SESSI, EOBI,
Excise and Taxation, and provide assistance with Pay Change Calculations.
 Roles and Responsibility Finance Department

Traditional roles of the finance department

The traditional roles and responsibilities of a finance department are important for the
smooth operation of the business. However, most of the functions do not have a
considerable strategic importance.

The most common function of the finance department comprises the documentation and the
controlling of incoming and outgoing cash flows as well as the actual handling of the cash
flows.

These two parts played and still play a significant role inside the department, however, due
to the computer revolution it is mostly dealt with on computerised systems (such as SAP
R/3). The introduction of mass computer systems has made the task less labour intensive
and far quicker, even real-time. Cash flows can be displayed on an up-to-date basis every
day, performance can be analysed and evaluated straight away. This gives the financial
department and the senior management useful tools to see how the company is performing
at any given time. This will be discussed later when analysing the new roles.

The finance department is also responsible for the payment of bills, wages and salaries. This
as well has been computerized. Wages and bills are paid through electronic systems. Both
transactions are outgoing cash flows. On the other hand, payments for goods or services sold
will be accounted for in this department.

The area of wages is a very difficult one for the finance department as it underlies strict
legal limitations. Data protection is very important for the firm as it is imposed by law.

Financial accounting exists for centuries now in one or another form. It delivers to interested
stakeholders such as potential investors, banks, shareholders, suppliers, etc. detailed
information about the financial situation such as the financial health of the firm.

It is used to attract capital from the outside. As Boddy and Paton (p.622) state: The capital
markets reaction to reports of financial performance affect the ability of the company to
 raise capital. The Financial accounting is employed moreover to undertake investment and
credit analysis and used for the taxation of the business.

Another major function the finance department assumes is the budgeting and performance
evaluation. It could be seen as planning/forecasting and controlling/evaluating. Though
budgeting is a traditional role its importance has risen rapidly especially as the companies
have grown to huge conglomerates where control is very complex and difficult. The purpose
has moved from pure control to a more analytical meaning (Cost-Return).

Certainly, the traditional function of the finance department is important and many modern
roles are based on and evolve from them. However, computer systems have made these roles
far less important as it is a low level activity in the firm.

Modern roles and responsibilities of the finance department

In the past the finance department was seen as the bean counter and reporter of the past,
but due to the computerization of the firms operations it can now deliver up-to-date
information on company performance. This made it far more interesting for the senior
management to develop new roles and areas of responsibilities for the department,
especially in the area of forecasting trends.

MARKETING DEPARTMENT
INTRODUCTION:

Marketing is the most important parts of any business activity. It is what creates customers
and generates income, guides the future course of a business and defines whether it will be a
success or a failure. Without marketing, a business is like sitting in the dark and expecting
people to find you without a light. Marketing can be done without a marketing team, but you
cannot expect to go too far or succeed by marketing on your own. For a sustained marketing
effort, a business of any size requires a dedicated marketing department or a marketing
team.

Marketing can be described as any activity that is carried on with the specific purpose of
conveying information about the use, quality and value of a product or service in order to
promote or sell the product or service. Marketing is the way to announce the availability of a
commodity, service, idea or a brand to the world in such a way that people are interested in
it and wish to acquire it and use it. It serves the purpose of plugging the gap between the
publics requirement and the products that are available.

IMPORTANCE OF A MARKETING DEPARTMENT

The Marketing Department is the key to good marketing and sales. It promotes and
establishes a business in its niche, based on the products or services the business is offering.
It identifies the areas in which the product fits and where the business should focus its
marketing strategy and, therefore, spend its budget for the maximum coverage and results.
The marketing department helps a business to do the following:

Build relationship with the audience: Creates awareness of the business and its products
as well as provide inputs that create interest for the audience. It brings in new customers
and creates new business opportunities for the enterprise.

Involve the customer: It engages existing customers, tries to understand them and hear
what they have to say. It monitors the competition, creates new ideas, identifies outlets,
plans the strategy to involve customers and retain them.
 Generate income: Finally, the aim of the marketing department is to generate revenue.
All its activities are aimed at broadening the customer base and finding opportunities that
would create more revenue for the enterprise.

ORGANIZATION OF A MARKETING DEPARTMENT

The marketing department of any enterprise is responsible for promoting the products, ideas
and mission of the enterprise, finding new customers, and reminding existing customers that
you are in business. It organizes all the activities that are concerned with marketing and
promotion. It may consist of a single person or a group of people working in a hierarchal
system who are responsible for bringing the product of the business to the attention of its
targeted customers. Since this department is the key to your revenue and business activity, it
requires people who have the skills for dealing with people and understanding what they
require.

There is no hard and fast rule to the organization of a marketing department, which depends
entirely upon the needs of the business, its size and the amount of money that it wants to
spend on marketing. But a typical marketing department in a large business operation is
organized as follows:

Chief Marketing Officer: This is the person who is at the top of the pyramid and is in
charge of the marketing department. The responsibilities of CMO lie in the decision making
within the process of the development of the major marketing strategies, as well as running
the marketing department. CMO is also answerable to the Board of Directors or the
Management about the results of the marketing strategies.

Marketing Director: The person in this role is responsible for all the marketing strategies
that are created and implemented. With his tasks he assists the CMO of the company.

Vice President Marketing: He is answerable to the Marketing Director. His responsibility is

the implementation of the marketing strategies of the organization. He works with the
marketing manager in determining the strategies, messages, and media to be employed for
marketing.

Marketing Manager: Marketing Manager works under the vice president marketing and
assists him with the implementation of all marketing strategies including creating messages
 or advertisements for marketing, choosing the medium of displaying the messages, which
might include print media, television, banners and hoarding, website and social media
marketing, etc. A marketing manager is also responsible for managing the other employees of
the department. There may be one or several marketing managers depending upon the size
and requirements of the business.

Marketing Analyst or Researchers: These individuals are responsible for research and
analysis that drives the marketing department and guides its marketing strategies by finding
out about the target customers and the competition of the business. Marketing Analysts
employ marketing tools such as surveys or studies to discover information that may be useful
for marketing. They report to the marketing manager.

Public Relations: Public Relation Officer is in charge of managing the reputation and
goodwill of the company. His job is to create understanding of the clients and try to influence
their thinking and behavior. PRO uses media management and communication to build up the
companys profile. The PRO works under the Marketing Manager and reports to him.

Social Media Expert/Creative services: With the internet becoming a major player in
marketing, a company benefits from the services of Social Media Experts (SME) and
creative services. While the SMEs concentrate on marketing the business and its service
on the internet so that more people become aware of it, the creative services take care of
designing and presentation part of the business, these include websites, web pages,
brochures, booklets, flyers, advertisements, mailers and e-mailers, and all other
promotional material that is required by the marketing department. The creative services
and social media marketing report to the marketing manager and work under him.

Marketing Coordinator: Coordinates all the various sections of the marketing

department and manages the advertising and marketing campaigns. Marketing
Coordinator is responsible for tracking sales data, maintaining the promotional material
inventory, planning events, preparing reports, etc. They work with the Marketing
Manager and assist him.
 Marketing Assistant: Assists and reports to the marketing manager to run the day to day
business of a marketing department. Carries out administrative work required for the
smooth running of the department.

MARKET POTENTIAL

These products have an urban as well as rural market. These products are mostly used
during social functions, religious gatherings, parties, marriages, outings, in sweet shops, by
caterers etc. The products have many advantages and are hence preferred as compared to
standard utensils/crockery for serving eatables. They can easily be disposed off after use
and hence save a lot of labour as far as cleaning/drying of utensils are concerned.

These are easily transportable and easy to handle. In our country people are religious and
organize functions throughout the year all such occasions call for social gathering and
celebrations with meals, snacks sweets being served. Further, our vast population organizes
marriages, celebrates birthdays and other family functions on a regular basis. Sweet shops
and small eateries can be found at every street corner and all such joints use these
disposable plates and bowls. Thus keeping in view the culture of the people and the habits
there is a vast market for the products not only in urban areas but also in rural areas.

TYPES OF MARKETING STRATEGIES:

Marketing strategies may differ depending on the unique situation of the individual business.
However there are a number of ways of categorizing some generic strategies. A brief
description of the most common categorizing schemes is presented below:

Strategies based on market dominance

In this scheme, firms are Classified based on their market share or dominance of an industry.
Typically there are three types of market dominance strategies:

Leader

Challenger

Follower

Porter generic strategies

 Strategy on the dimensions of strategic scope and strategic strength. Strategic scope refers to
the market penetration while strategic strength refers to the firms sustainable competitive
advantage.

Product differentiation

Market segmentation

Innovation strategies

This deals with the firm's rate of the new product development and business model
innovation. It asks whether the company is on the cutting edge of technology and business
innovation. There are three types: Pioneers

Close followers

Late followers

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY

Product Development

The marketing department works with Internal or external product development teams to
develop new products or improve existing ones. The department analyzes sales of existing
products and identifies gaps in the product range where there may be opportunities for the
company. Marketing employees provide development teams with information on customer
needs and preferences to help them identify the features or improvements to incorporate in
new products. Later in the product development process, the marketing department sets
prices and prepares plans to launch the product.

Communications

Marketing departments plan campaigns and develop communications material to promote

products and services to customers and prospects. Depending on their available budgets,
they may plan advertising campaigns, develop e-mail marketing programs, create
promotional content for the company website, write press releases or product publications,
such as product leaflets, company brochures, product data sheets or customer newsletters.
 They may write and design the promotional material if they have skills within the
department or they may appoint advertising agencies or design firms to produce the work.

Sales Support

Cooperation between the sales and marketing departments can improve sales performance
and speed up business growth. The marketing department can provide sales teams with
high-quality leads by running advertisements that include a reply mechanism, such as a
coupon or telephone number, or by encouraging visitors to the company website to
register their details in return for a free newsletter or special report. Marketing also
prepares presentations for the sales team and supplies them with stocks of promotional
material to give to customers and prospects.

SALES DEPARTMENT

INTRODUCTION

Sales promotion consists of a variety of companies. Sponsored promotional activities that

supplement both advertising and personal set up. These activities are impersonal and can
be directed at industrial buyers, intermediaries or consumers.

Sales promotion consists of a diverse collection of incentive tools, mostly short term,
designed to stimulate quicker or greater purchase of particular products or services by
consumers of the trade.
 Sales promotion tools vary in their specific objectives. Incentive type promotions are
used to attract new buyers, to reward loyal customers and to increase the repurchase rates
of the occasional users. Sales promotion often attracts the branch switchers, because users
of other brands and categories do not always notice or act on a promotion. In using the
sales promotion a company must establish its objectives, select the tools develop the
program, a pretest the program, implement and control it and evaluate the results.

OBJECTIVE OF SALES DEPARTMENT

In this step, we will discuss how to define your sales and marketing strategy for your
business. We will determine how your sales infrastructure and marketing plan relate to
your overall business growth strategy.

Now that you have a solid foundation for your goals and have a clear definition of how
you will handle the operations of your organization, you should evaluate sales and
marketing and its role in your business. It is important to understand why sales and
marketing are coexisting elements: you cannot implement a good sales plan without a
solid marketing strategy.

A solid sales and marketing strategy can be the lifeblood of your company, just as a
poorly conceived plan could be a financial drain and an inevitable waste of your
investment. There is no shortage of consultants and professionals who will attempt to
tell you how to market and sell your business, but its important to know that no one can
understand your business and its obstacles better than you and your team. This is why it is
important for you to understand the basic principles of marketing and sales and its
application to your business.

There is, of course, a time when you should call in the cavalry and use the aid of a
professional sales and marketing company to assist in the growth of your business. By
understanding the foundation of building a sales and marketing plan, you will be able to
develop a more solid strategy to achieving business success.

WHAT IS SALES IN AN ORGANIZATION

 A person or organization expressing an interest in acquiring the offered item of value is
referred to as a potential buyer, prospective customer or prospect. Buying and selling are
understood to be two sides of the same "coin" or transaction. Both seller and buyer engage in
a process of negotiation to consummate the exchange of values. The exchange, or selling,
process has implied rules and identifiable stages. It is implied that the selling process will
proceed fairly and ethically so that the parties end up nearly equally rewarded. The stages of
selling, and buying, involve getting acquainted, assessing each partys need for the others
item of value, and determining if the values to be exchanged are equivalent or nearly so, or,
in buyer's terms, "worth the price. Sometimes, sellers have to use their own experiences
when selling products with appropriate discounts.

From a management viewpoint it is thought of as a part of marketing, although the skills

required are different. Sales often form a separate grouping in a corporate structure,
employing separate specialist operatives known as salespersons singular: salesperson. Selling
is considered by many to be a sort of persuading "art". Contrary to popular belief, the
methodological approach of selling refers to a systematic process of repetitive and
measurable milestones, by which a salesman relates his or her offering of a product or service
in return enabling the buyer to achieve their goal in an economic way. While the sales
process refers to a systematic process of repetitive and measurable milestones, the definition
of the selling is somewhat ambiguous due to the close nature
of advertising, promotion, public relations, and direct marketing

OVERVIEW OF SALES DEPARTMENT

The art of sales is defined by completing a transaction from the time you introduce your
company to a prospect; to the delivery of the finished good and payment for that good.
This definition is limited in scope as the art of sales is a never-ending cycle. To quote
Guy Kawasaki, How can you tell an entrepreneur is selling? His lips are moving.
There has never been a truer statement, as we live in a time where new businesses, ideas
and thirty-second elevator pitches are becoming a commonality. As companies construct
and hone their pitch, consumers and end users create new and innovative ways to tune
them out.
 The technology age has succeeded in adding more effective ways to sell, but has also
created additional noise in an already crowded sales channel. The challenge is to identify
how you are ten times better than your competition.

In this step of the series, we will guide you through the basics of forecasting, recruiting,
executing, reporting and measuring sales. We will also examine these principles by
applying them to our fictitious company, Profit Corporation. Specifically, we will
determine how they developed their strategic sales and marketing plans by utilizing this
method.

Industrial marketing

The idea that marketing can potentially eliminate the need for sales people depends entirely on
context. For example, this may be possible in some B2C situations; however, for
many B2B transactions (for example, those involving industrial organizations) this is mostly
impossible. Another dimension is the value of the goods being sold. Fast-moving consumer-
goods (FMCG) require no sales people at the point of sale to get them to jump off the
supermarket shelf and into the customer's trolley. However, the purchase of large mining
equipment worth millions of dollars will require a sales person to manage the sales process -
particularly in the face of competitors. Small and medium businesses selling such large ticket
items to a geographically-disperse client base use manufacturers' representatives to provide these
highly personal service while avoiding the large expense of a captive sales force.

SALES DEPARTMENT CHART

THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SALES AND MARKETING

Marketing and sales differ greatly, but generally have the same goal. Selling is the final, stage
in marketing, which also includes pricing, promotion, place and product (the 4 P's). A
marketing department in an organization has the goals of increasing the desirability and value
to the customer and increasing the number and engagement of interactions between potential
customers and the organization. Achieving this goal may involve the sales team using
promotional techniques such as advertising, sales promotion, publicity, and public relations,
creating new sales channels, or creating new products (new product development), among
other things. It can also include bringing the potential customer to visit the organization's
website(s) for more information, or to contact the organization for more information, or to
interact with the organization via social media such as Twitter, Face book and blogs. Social
values also play a major role in consumer decision processes.

The field of sales process engineering views "sales" as the output of a larger system, not just
as the output of one department. The larger system includes many functional areas within an
organization. From this perspective, "sales" and "marketing" (among others, such as
"customer service") label for a number of processes whose inputs and outputs supply one
 another to varying degrees. In this context, improving an "output" (such as sales) involves
studying and improving the broader sales process, as in any system, since the component
functional areas interact and are interdependent.

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY

A sales manager plays a key role in the success and failure of an organization. He is the one
who plays a pivotal role in achieving the sales targets and eventually generates revenue for
the organization. A sales manager must be very clear about his role in the organization. He
should know what he is supposed to do at the workplace.

Let us understand the roles and responsibilities of a sales manager:

A sales manager is responsible for meeting the sales targets of the organization
through effective planning and budgeting.

A sales manager cant work alone. He needs the support of his sales team where
each one contributes in his best possible way and works towards the goals and
objectives of the organization. He is the one who sets the targets for the sales
executives and other sales representatives. A sales manager must ensure the targets
are realistic and achievable.

The duties must not be imposed on anyone, instead should be delegated as per
interests and specializations of the individuals. A sales manager must understand
who can perform a particular task in the most effective way. It is his role to extract
the best out of each employee.

A sales manager devises strategies and techniques necessary for achieving the sales
targets. He is the one who decides the future course of action for his team members.

It is the sales managers duty to map potential customers and generate leads for the
organization. He should look forward to generating new opportunities for the
organization.

A sales manager is also responsible for brand promotion. He must make the product
popular amongst the consumers. A banner at a wrong place is of no use. Canopies
 must be placed at strategic locations; hoardings should be installed at important
places for the best results.

Motivating team members is one of the most important duties of a sales manager.
He needs to make his team work as a single unit working towards a common
objective. He must ensure team members dont fight amongst themselves and share
cordial relationship with each other. Develop lucrative incentive schemes and
introduce monetary benefits to encourage them to deliver their level best.
Appreciate whenever they do good work.

It is the sales managers duty to ensure his team is delivering desired results.
Supervision is essential. Track their performances. Make sure each one is living up
to the expectations of the organization. Ask them to submit a report of what all they
have done through out the week or month. The performers must be encouraged
while the non performers must be dealt with utmost patience and care.

He is the one who takes major decisions for his team. He should act as a pillar of
support for them and stand by their side at the hours of crisis.

A sales manager should set an example for his team members. He should be a
source of inspiration for his team members.

A sales manager is responsible for not only selling but also maintaining and
improving relationships with the client. Client relationship management is also his
KRA.

As a sales manager, one should maintain necessary data and records for future
reference.
 PURCHAS DEPARTMENT

INTRODUCTION

Purchasing departments are responsible for procuring supplies. Until the 1960s, this largely
involved order-placing and was primarily a clerical position. However, as the development of
strategic planning and the advent of just-in-time purchasing made purchasing a more crucial
business function. Today, purchasing is often referred to as supply chain management and
the purchasing department has taken on a larger and more vital business role.

One of the main roles of the purchasing department is to source supplies and parts, and then
purchase them. In large companies, this may also include deciding whether to make the item
in-house. Purchasing departments often work alongside product development teams to source
materials and determine cost of the finished product. Purchasing departments may use trade
publications to source suppliers, or go straight to the manufacturer. Finding the correct item
at the correct price can be difficult, and purchasing departments may also work to assist
suppliers in manufacturing the item needed. This can involve providing considerable
assistance to the supplier

What is Industrial Purchasing?

Industrial purchasing may be defined as the decision-making process by which formal

organizations establish the need for purchased products and services and identify, evaluate, and
choose among alternative brands and suppliers.

FUNCTION OF PURCHASING DEPARTMENT

Most major companies and even some government organizations have a purchasing or
procurement department as part of everyday operations. These departments provide a service
that is the backbone of many manufacturing, retail, military and other industrial
 organizations. Many individuals, even some who work for these companies, are unaware of
what the purchasing department does, why it exists or what purposes it serves. To understand
better what the role of the purchasing department is, consider some functions it performs.

Procuring Materials
One role of the purchasing department is to procure all necessary materials needed for
production or daily operation of the company or government organization. For a
manufacturing company, this might include raw materials such as iron, steel, aluminum
or plastics, but it also might include tools, machinery, delivery trucks or even the office
supplies needed for the secretaries and sales team. In a retail environment, the purchasing
department makes sure there is always sufficient product on the shelves or in the
warehouses to keep the customers happy and keep the store well-stocked. With a small
business, it is especially important to keep inventory ordering at a reasonable level;
investing large amounts of capital in excess stock could result in storage problems and in
a shortage of capital for other expenditures such as advertising or research and
development. Purchasing also oversees all of the vendors that supply a company with the
items it needs to operate properly.

Evaluating Price
A purchasing department also is charged with continuously evaluating whether it is
receiving these materials at the best possible price in order to maximize profitability. This
can be challenging for a small business that may purchase in lesser quantities than a
larger vendor and which thus may not receive the same type of bulk discounts. A
purchasing department in a small business needs to shop around to find the best vendors
at the most reasonable prices for the company's particular size orders. Purchasing
department staff may communicate with alternate vendors, negotiate better pricing for
bulk orders or investigate the possibility of procuring cheaper materials from alternative
sources as part of their daily activities.

Paper Plates Plateswork and Accounting

Purchasing departments handle all of the Paper Plates Plateswork involved with
purchasing and delivery of supplies and materials. Purchasing ensures timely delivery of
materials from vendors, generates and tracks purchase orders and works alongside the
 receiving department and the accounts payable department to ensure that promised
deliveries were received in full and are being paid for on time. In a small business, this
means working closely with the accounting department to ensure that there is sufficient
capital to buy the items purchased and that cash is flowing smoothly and all payments are
made on time.

Policy Compliance
The purchasing department also must ensure that it is complying with all company
policies. For example, in a small business, individual staff members may communicate
with the purchasing department about purchasing needs for things such as office supplies
or computers. Before making a purchase, the purchasing department must ensure that it
heeds the proper protocols for purchase and budget approval and must ensure that any
items are purchased in accordance with the overall purchasing policy of the organization.

RIGHTS OF INDUSTRIAL PURCHASING

There are no particular rights for industrial purchasing but purchaser orpurchase department
expect certain condition from their supplier. This can be described in three ways:

1. A very general managerial level

2. A more specific functional or operational level

3. A detailed level at which precise strategic buying plans are formulated

From a top management perspective,, there are five rights of industrial purchasing which are as
follow:-
1. of the right quality]

2. from the right supplier

3. In the right quantity

4. At the right time

5. At the right price

These are known as the five rights of purchasing and should be the general objectives of all
purchasing personnel. A sixth factor implied in these items includes the desired services
necessary in optimal supply and utilization of materials.

There are eight basic rights of industrial purchasing which are as follow:-

1. To support company operations with an uninterrupted flow of material and services.

This is the most fundamental of all purchasing rights. In short, they are more specific in
that they want to support company operations with an uninterrupted flow of materials and
services

2. To buy competitively.

Buying competitively involves keeping abreast of the forces of supply and demand that
regulate prices and availability of materials in themarket place.A buyer who pays
significantly more than his or her competitor does fora given material; service generally
is not buying competitively.

3. To buy wisely.

And to buy wisely, this means value + quality + service + price. Buying wisely involves a
continual search for better supplier that yields the best Combination of quality, service, and
price relative to buyers needs. This frequently involves coordination with users in defining
the need. It may also involve coordinating and reconciling users need with suppliers

Capabilities, perhaps through the use of cross-functional design teams ,to achieve optimal value
considering both issues.

4. To keep inventory and inventory losses at a practical minimum.

 This is important because the average for most firms for inventory costs is 25-35% of the
value of the inventor. The production management job is to achieve a reasonable balance
between the level of inventory required to support operations and the cost of carrying the
inventory. Therefore, keep it to a minimum. One solution to this is to utilize a J.I.Tinventory
system.

5. To develop effective and reliable sources of supply.

In other words, find supplier who are willing to work with the buyers. Cooperate suppliers
that are willing to work with a purchaser to help solve the purchasing firms problems and to
minimize its material related costs are an invaluable resource. The identification,
investigation, selection, and in some cases development of competent and responsive
suppliers is a purchasers Paramount responsibility.

6. To develop good relationships with the supplier community and good continuing relationships
with active suppliers.

Good relationships with supplier are imperative and good relationshipswith potential
suppliers are invaluable.

7. To achieve maximum integration with the other departments of the firm.

It is essential for buyers to understand the major needs of their using departments, so that
these needs can be translated into materials support actions. While these actions vary
from firm to firm, they normally require the purchasing operations to support a using
department in its major responsibilities. For example, coordinate with engineering when
developing specifications or advise the sales and marketing departments of the future cost
of supplies in order to assist them in their forecasting

8. To handle the purchasing and supply management function proactively ina professional, cost-
effective manner and of course in an ethical manner
ROLES OF A PURCHASING DEPARTMENT:
1. BIDDING
For items needed in bulk, or specialist items, purchasing departments often use
competitive bidding to chose a supplier. The department will then be responsible for all
aspects of the bidding process. For example, when the purchasing department of the Port
of Houston chooses a supplier, it publishes a public notice, writes detailed instructions on
the bidding process, accepts companies onto the approved list of bidders, handles bid
security money, opens and reads the bids publicly and makes a recommendation on which
bid to accept.

2. SUPPLIER MANAGEMENT
In addition to finding supplies and negotiating contracts for the supplies, purchasing
departments are also responsible for monitoring the supplier's performance. Purchasing
departments must evaluate the supplier's performance and quality control. This can
include monitoring delivery times, quality, cost and performance. For suppliers in other
countries, this can also mean monitoring working conditions and workers rights. Large
firms and public organizations often certify suppliers once they are shown to meet
performance targets. This may involve a training and education program, and detailed
inspection of suppliers.

3. COST CONTROL
 Purchasing departments, especially in government agencies, may also be responsible for
maintaining strict cost control. For example, in a 2010 article on hotel purchasing
specialist site Food Buyers Network, John Schalow suggests that to get the best price,
purchasing departments need to ensure suppliers themselves get a lower cost from
distributors and manufacturers. This can be done by increasing delivery size, paying on
time, ordering online and making sure suppliers use the best practice.

4. LEGAL CONTROLS
Purchasing departments must also be aware of the laws applying to purchasing. For
private companies, this is primarily contract law, but for government bodies, there may be
state and federal laws regulating purchasing. For example, school district purchasing
departments in Texas must know that it is a state criminal offense to avoid using
competitive purchasing when it is required; and that while federal law requires a bidding
process to be used for all child nutrition purchases more than $100,000; Texas state law
requires a bidding process for any purchase over $25,000.
 VISION AND MISSION

VISION:

Corporate vision is a short, succinct, and inspiring statement of what the organization intends
to become and to achieve at some point in the future. Our vision is To become one of the
most well-known Paper PlatesPlates Manufactures in Tamil Nadu by providing quality and
innovative products at competitive price to meet the requirements of the customers

MISSION:

The Mission Statement is a crucial element in the strategic planning of a business

organization. Our mission is:

To provide the quality and innovative products at competitive price to meet the
requirements of the customers.

Contribute to the success and satisfaction of our customers and focusing on-in-time
delivery.

Co-operation, teamwork and partnerships.

Continuous learning

Honesty, fairness, integrity, and respect.

 SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS OF PAPER PLATESINDUSTRY:-

Large and growing domestic Paper Platesmarket: - India has the second most
populous market for Paper Platesin the world. It is also the most demanding. Indian Paper
Platesindustry not only serves a public utility but fulfils a critical national requirement. It
possesses an annual production capacity of five million tones. It generates an annual
turnover of approximately 120 billion.

Non wood pulping: - At present about 60.8 per cent of the total production is based on
non-wood raw material and 39.2 per cent based on wood.

Well developed printing industry: - Indian printing industry would grow from $12.1
billion in 2008 to $20.9 billion in 2013. The strong growth in printing industry would
also fuel the demand for Paper Platesin the future.

Increase in employment level: - Paper Platesmanufacturing industries directly and

indirectly employs nearly 1.3 million people.

Latest technology for high: - grade Paper Platesmanufacturing: - The Company intends
to manufacture the Paper Platesby using Twin Wire Technology and also plans to
incorporate all latest equipments to have a cost effective production.

Local market knowledge: - The companies which are engaged in the Paper
Platesmanufacturing industry have a complete knowledge of local market.

WTO impact on Paper Platesmanufacturing industry: - WTO as discussed the

implication of Indian Paper Platesand Newsprint Industry as part of its negotiations and
implications.
WEAKNESSES OF PAPER PLATESINDUSTRY:-

Small and fragmented industry: - There are large numbers of small scale industries in
India whose production capacity is only 12, 90,382 tones. Which is very low in
comparisons to large scale industries?

Low standard of converting industry: - The manufacturing of Paper Platesinvolves

matting these fibers into a sheet. Converted Paper Platesproducts are made from Paper
Platesand other materials by various cutting and shaping techniques and include coating
and laminating activities.

Poor Infrastructure, transportation: - In India, the transportation facility is not good

especially in villages. So it is very difficult to lift the heavy bamboos from forest to the
manufacturing unit. Due to this the transportation cost is also very high.

High cost - raw material, energy and finance: - The performance of the industry has
been constrained due to high cost of production caused by inadequate availability and
high cost of raw materials, power cost and concentration of mills in one particular area.

Obsolescence of technology: - The small scales of production and outdated technology

have been the main features of Indian Paper Platesunits, and are still so. On an average,
to produce 100,000 tones in a year, Indian mills manages five Paper Platesmachines in
one or more location, while abroad, Paper Plates Plates-making machines of 500,000
tonnes per annum, or more, are the norm.

Impact of high local taxes: - Central Excise is levied @8% for the first 3500 MT
production and thereafter @12% on the value of the invoice. VAT replaces the existing
multipoint taxes levied by various states with effect from April 05. All the licenses
required under Municipality Act, Factories Act are obtained and duly renew.
OPPORTUNITIES OF PAPER PLATESINDUSTRY:-

Increase in demand and consumption: - Domestic demand for Paper Platesis expected
to grow at a CAGR of 6-7%. Indias Paper Platesdemand is expected to touch 8mn T.P.A
by 2010. A leading global Paper Platesindustry consultant projects a shortage of about
0.7mn T.P.A by 2010.

Forest plantation potential: - In India there is a vast forest area which is useful in Paper
Platesmanufacturing.

Increase in various usage of Paper Plates Plates: - Now days the Paper Platesuses for
various purpose. It is not for writing purpose but also now various types of vessels,
napkins, packaging etc are highly demanded.

Increase in consumption of premium quality copier due to growth in corporate sector

and educational levels: - Increased rates of literacy and improved school infrastructure
would result in greater demand for Paper Plates Plates.

Export potential: - The export of Paper Platesand Paper Plates Platesboard is

continuously increasing. In 2006-2007 the export is 0.27 million tones.

Low labor cost: - In Paper Platesmanufacturing industry the uneducated employee is

required. So the income of the labor is very low.

Threats of Paper PlatesIndustry:-

Internet threat: - Due to increase in the usage of internet the demand for Paper Platesis
decrease. Internet is work as a substitute product.

Low per capital consumption: - The per capita consumption of Paper Platesin India is
very low i.e. 7 Kgs in 2006, as compared to an average consumption of 28 Kgs and 58
Kgs in Asia and world respectively. The per capita consumption is expected to increase to
12 Kgs by 2020.

Decline in capacity due to environmental pressures: - The Paper Platesmanufacturing

industry creates lots of environmental disturbance. The raw material used by the industry
is pulp which is come out from the bark of trees. Due to this production capacity is decline
and import is increasing.
 Fiber Deficit: - The raw material fiber which is used for manufacturing Paper Platesis
continuously decreasing and due to the quality of Paper Platesis also decline.

OBJECTIVE STUDY

The primary objective was to compare and analyze the selling and distribution channel of
Sidhick Plate and to understand the inventory management system of Sidhick Plate Ltd.

To familiarize our self with the marketing department and to know about its selling and
distribution function.

To know various steps aspects of the marketing department such as Order Execution System,
Dispatching System, Warehousing, Transportation, and Intermediaries in selling and
distribution etc.

To study the statutory and non-statutory matters relating to sales and distribution.

To gain the first hand knowledge about the selling and distributionstrategy followed by
marketing department. To identify the pre requisites of designing the selling and distribution
strategy.

To know the Marketing & operations of Sidhick Plate Ltd.

To know the liquidity position of Sidhick Plate Ltd.

To understand the cash management system of Sidhick Plate Ltd.

To understand the sales accounting and debtors management system of Sidhick Plate Ltd.

To know the position of current assets and current liabilities of Sidhick Plate Ltd.

To know the working capital requirement of the firm.

 LIMITATIONS OF STUDY

More dependence on published data rather actual data, because financial data are confidential
in nature.

Major activities like procurement of capital items, A Class inventory are under Control of
Head Office.

Working capital budget is prepared only at head office, no activate of mills is involved in
such budget preparation.

Less operation in the marketing areas inside the firm as the marketing is totally done by the
head office in Tamil Nadu.

Due to the confidential issues the data are not published to anybody.

SUGGESTION
During my training in SIDHICK, I have got exposure of so many things related to this field. I am
very grateful to SIDHICK to offer me such an opportunity. I feel that it is my responsibility to
recommend some suggestions these will ultimately for the benefit of the company. Some
important recommendation or suggestions are asunder:-

1. SIDHICK should check its supply & distribution channels. Presently company is selling their
product through commission agents network. If company, sell itsproducts through
agencies/dealer network, company could get better realization.

2. SIDHICK mostly deals in cash payment/advance payment transactions. If thecompany allows

some credit period to the consignor, sales realisation &marketing position of the will
automatically improve.

3. Paper Plates manufactured by the company is mainly used by the corrugated unitsfor
manufacture of corrugated boxed used for packaging. Presently improved global market
demands corrugation in different colors & different patterns. If the company install such
equipments through which they can manufacture packing Paper Plates in different coolers,
market position of the company will improve globally.

4. Presently company does not accept any order which is less than 10 M.T. There are many
consumers with small-corrugated units in surroundings areas.

CONCLUSION

Indian Paper Plates industry is currently in the midst of a transformation with major capital
expenditure underway and improving operating efficiencies is the major concern of the all
players. All layers are committing a large amount of investment, focusing on:

Improving the operational efficiencies through rightsizing pulping capacities

 Brown-field capacity expansions

Backward integration into captive power

Adherence to pollution norms by chemical recovery

The Paper Plates industry would witness an investment worth INR100.0 billion capex in
next 2-3years. The top 10 domestic players in Paper Platessector would account for around
70% of the capex planned to be implemented in 2008-10.

Big players from the considerable market share, but the company should also tap the
medium and small players for expansion in India.

Moreover, since plastic bags are going to be banded in coming years completely it will be an
opportunity for Paper Plates industry to grow.

Companies in Paper Plates industry should reduce their current liabilities or increase their
current assets to grow.

It should increase the plantation and put efforts to protect plants and recycling of Paper
Plates is a very good opportunity for this industry and it should grab this opportunity.

Technologies from china and other countries are upgrading in Paper Platesindustry so India
should import this machineries for growth of Indian Paper PlatesIndustry.

Also economic growth and FDI investment in Indian Paper PlatesIndustry is an opportunity
for India.

India has availability of cheap labor and also the manpower efficiency and productivity is
good in India which is beneficial for Paper Plates Industry.

De-licensing of Paper Plates industry has invited entrepreneur and industry development.

Development in printing and packaging industry is opportunity for Paper Plates industry to
grow.

Moreover there are around 13,000 printing companies in India which helps in growth of
Paper Plates industry.

REFERANCE

WEB SITE
 www.capitaline.com

www.moneycontrol.com

www.inpaperplates.com

Link

http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Pest-Analysis-Apparel-ManufacturingIndustry/143295
http://www.economywatch.com/business-and-economy/paper-industry.html

Books Name:

Arthur A. Thompson, A. J. Strickland, John E Gamble, Arun K. Jain (2009). Crafting

And Executing Strategy. New Delhi: Prentice Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company
Limited.

Aswathapa 9th Edition. Business environment. New Delhi: Prentice- McGraw-Hill

Publication.

PERIOD OF TRAINING:

The summer institutional project duration was (12.05.2016 to 01.06.2016) 30 days.

TRAINING SCHEDULE:
S. No Area of Training Period

1 First day meeting with Manager for finish all the basic 12/05/2016
formalities to enter into the company Thursday
2 Sidhick Plate Industry (SPI) a division of Sidhick Enterprise Ltd 13/05/2016
(SEI) is manufacturer of Paper Plates and an exhaustive range of
excellent quality of Writing & Printing Paper Plates. The unit
successfully achieved significant efficiencies in various
disciplines within a short span of time.Detail in profile of the
company.
3 Saturday 14/05/2016

4 Sunday 15/05/2016

5 I sit with the trainer and watch the activities done by him while 16/05/2016
Sidhick Plate Industry
6 Trainer test with the computer skills like MS-Office and typing 17/05/2016
skills
7 I got training about the company, nature of business, and I collect 18/05/2016
all the information not related to Sidhick Plate Industry
8 I got training in application software which should be used by 19/05/2016
the company for Sidhick Plate Industry.
9 I got training Sidhick Plate Industry (an ISO-9001:2000 & ISO- 20/05/2016
14001:2004 certified Division of Century Textiles and Industries
Ltd.), a Division of Century Textiles and Industries Ltd .is a
member of B.K. Birla Group of Companies.
10 Saturday 21/05/2016

11 Sunday 22/05/2016

12 23/05/2016
I got in The company chairman is Sty. Basant Kumarji Birla.
Established in 1984, the Division is situated at Thirupure on the
Bareilly-Nainital Highway.
13 24/05/2016
I got training Students can earn work experience by participating
in an internship. Interning in a field of choice will stand out on a
students resume and help them with their job search after
graduation.
14 25/05/2016
Participating interns gain on-the-job training that integrates
education, career development and public service, while agencies
 hosting interns benefit from the contributions of creative and
innovative students.
15 26/05/2016
Internships exist in a wide variety of industries and settings. An
internship may be paid, unpaid, or partially paid in the form of a
stipend. Stipends are typically a fixed amount of money that is
paid out on a regular basis.
16 A typical internship lasts between one and four months, but can 27/05/2016
be shorter or longer, depending on the organization involved. The
act of job shadowing may also constitute interning.
17 Saturday 28/05/2016

18 Sunday 29/05/2016

19 30/06/2016
During this period, the student is expected to use the things
they have learned in school and put them into practice. This way
the student gains work experience in their field of study. The
gained experience will be helpful to finish the final year of study.
20 This is mostly done by students who are in their final year. With 31/06/2016
this kind of internship a student does research for a particular
company.
21 Interns cannot displace regular employees. 1/06/2016
22 I got training from Interns are not guaranteed a job at the end of 02/06/2016
the internship (though you may decide to hire them at the
conclusion of the experience).
23 If the employer and the interns understand that the interns are not 03/06/2016
entitled to wages during the internship period.
24 Saturday 04/06/2016

25 Sunday 05/06/2016

26 Interns must receive training from your company, even if it 0606/2016

somewhat impedes the work of your organization.
27 Interns must get hands-on experience with equipment and 07/06/2016
processes used in your industry.
28 Interns' training must primarily benefit them, not the company. 08/06/2016
29 Internship represents the capstone of a new psychologist's formal 09/06/2016
academic training and his/her induction into the profession.
30 To train generalist practitioners in the profession of psychology 10/06/2016
31 Saturday 11/06/2016

32 Sunday 12/06/2016

33 To train psychologists to broaden the scope of their services 13/06/2016

beyond those provided to clients.
34 Interns participate in an assessment/evaluation seminar. This 14/06/2016
seminar is used to discuss general skills in the evaluation of
clients and delivery of psychotherapy. In addition, evaluation and
inference making are emphasized. A session on screening and
crisis intervention is taught early in the year.
35 Interns participate in the following weekly seminars: assessment 15/06/2016
and evaluation; clinical, multicultural, professional issues; and
case consultation. Interns also schedule a weekly time to meet
with each other. There is no set agenda for this meeting. The time
could be used to consult about clinical material or issues, or to
process their internship experience.
36 Last day I thank all the staff members for the given a wonderful 16/06/2016
and valuable training. And I collect the training certificate. I give
a small tea party to the staff in the outside tea shop.