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Trng m
1. nh ngha
Trong ngn ng .\, trng m l
The term is also used for similar
patterns off phonetic prominence
inside syllables.
Slide 2 - Element 1:
Understanding syllables
To understand word stress, it help
to understand syllables. Every word
is made from syllables. Each word
has one, two, three, or more
syllables.
Slide 2 - Element 2:
WORD
Dog Dog
Quiet Qui-et
Expensive Ex-pen-sive
Interesting In-ter-est-ing
Unexceptional Un-ex-cep-tion-al
Slide 3 - Element 1:
Prominence:
It would have been logically
possible for every syllable to have
exactly the same loudness, pitch,
and so on. (Some early attempts at
speech synthesizers sounded like
this.) But human languages have
ways to make some syllables more
prominent than others. A syllable
might be more prominent by
differing from the surrounding
syllables in terms of:
loudness
pitch
length
Prominence is relative to the
surrounding syllables, not absolute.
(A stressed syllable that is nearly
whispered will be quieter than an
unstressed syllable that is shouted.)
Slide 4 - Element 1:
Types of stress
There are 2 types of stress:
- Word stress
- Sentence stress
- In English, stress is performed
very clearly.
Slide 6 - Element 1:
DEGRESS OF STRESS
Primary stress:
It is the stronger degree of
stress.
Primary stress gives the final
stressed syllable.
Primary stress is very
important in compound words.
Secondary stress:
Being the weaker of two
degrees of stress in the
pronunciation of a word.
Giving other lexically stressed
syllables in a word.
Being important primarily in
long word with several syllables.
Slide 7 - Element 1:
Tertiary stress:
It includes the fully unstressed
vowels. An unstressed vowel is the
vowel sound that forms the
syllable peak of a syllable that has
no lexical stress.
Quaternary stress:
It includes the reduced vowels.
Vowel reduction is the term in
phonetics that refers to various
changes in the acoustic quality of
vowels, which are related to
changes in stress, sonority, duration,
loudness, articulation, or position in
the word which are perceived as
"weakening
Slide 8 - Element 1:
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Rule 4: Compound nouns are
stressed primary syllable
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home-sick air-sick
trust-worthy car-sick
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however whenever w
whatever whoever w
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lemonate colonnate Vietnamese Chinese
refugee degree guarantee engineer
questionaire monsoon kangaroo cigarette
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myself himself itself ourselv
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Slide 21 - Element 2:
b. Structure words:
Slide 22 - Element 2:
Tonic Stress
Eg:
I'm going.
I'm going to London.
I'm going to London for a holiday
New Information Stress
Eg:
a) What's your NAME
b) My name's GEORGE.
a) Where are you FROM?
b) I'm from WALES.