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Abstract
the context of the debate on global climate justice, are developed arguments
that, on the one hand, long-haul flights are forbidden greenhouse gas and on
the other hand Western tourists leave enough money in so-called developing
to argue that global tourism creates enough jobs and ensures better living
Key - Words
Tourism, poverty
Contains
Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 2
Contains ...................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction ................................................................................................................. 4
2.Poverty ...................................................................................................................... 6
Bibliography .............................................................................................................. 13
Introduction
For most people, tourism means travel. Beach resorts, ski chalets,
industry! And indeed it is the world's largest employer! Energy is the second
Economic analyzes credit tourism for Europe's salvation from even more
recession after the crash of 2008. Tourism accounts for 9.5% of GDP
globally, 6% of exports ($ 1.4 trillion), 30% of export services and one in ten
jobs.
country, then it would rank fifth in the largest carbon dioxide emissions. In
seashores, forests, coral reefs. There are also the dark sides, from the
policy makers have been slow to realize that the tourism industry is a major
player in the global economy, constituting a 7.6 trillion market dollars a year.
developing countries. It is one of the few branches that still create jobs,
For the largest part of the 20th century the industry was in lethargy. But after
the end of the Cold War, the whole world was the first time in modern history
available for travel. The countries of the former Eastern bloc, from Russia and
Poland to China and Vietnam, have been turned from banned places to
such as the most modern means of transport and the Internet, has made
1. General data
urban elites from the new industrialized countries leave tourist in the so-called
developing countries and in poor rural areas. Money that often exceeds these
2004). There are relevant figures from prominent bodies: According to the
countries. That is why tourism is often the case that is referred to as the
largest voluntary offer of money from the rich to the poor. According to
guests will travel to Asia and 75 million in Africa in 2020, in other words in
continents that many countries are among the poorest of the planet. In many
tourism. With this given governments and government agencies in the above
supply, even the poorest are supposed to benefit from increased tourist
revenues as well as from the general economic flowering that will bring. This
thinking and decision making governments and is often used as an alibi for
2. Poverty
The term "poverty" has several definitions. Literally the term means the
referring to someone who lives with less than $ 1.25 per day as "very poor".
action. Experts in tourism disagree when they try to appreciate the potential
do not even have the primary school education and, therefore, no hope of
finding a job in the tourist industry. Of course theoretically they could benefit
from its "indirect" and "dynamic" effects. But even that is difficult to be
confirmed. The more likely the "relatively poor" population can imagine
education and resources will allow them to find work in the tourism sector or
3.Tourism as a right
The global rise of the "middle class" after World War II was certainly
the one that consolidated the idea of holidays and travel as a basic right and
necessity. Much more for the last generations, who are accustomed to a
tourism worldwide are rising. Over the last 20 years, international travel has
doubled to 1.1 billion a year, a huge figure if we think the world's population is
7 billion people. However, the dangers of tourism are real and clear. Without
some kind of strategy and planning, the environment, as well as the policy, as
well as the culture of whole countries, can be undermined. For this reason,
the UNWTOs Taleb Rifai recently said that "governments and international
every country. " Built in a correct context and with inspired management,
tourism could help significantly in most of the major global issues, such as
diplomacy, poverty reduction, environmental protection, and the limitation of
trafficking. Although there are many countries that recognize the huge
potential offered by the industry, most measure success only by the number
of tourists they accept and the money they spend, despite the substantial
impact that tourists have on the places they visit . If, in other words, the
benefits are more than the problems that may be caused. The reality is that
tourism is now a heavy industry. And discussions are hurting to find the right
weapon to face the crisis and recession, it is of great interest to seek out
tourist models that would be worth imitation or drawing examples that should
be avoided at all costs . Our country has a lot to learn from these cases.
All the following data are taken from World Tourism Organization (WCO),
Babu, Mishra and Bhusan - Parida (2016) and Gartner (2001).
France
It has followed, very successfully, the "smart" tourism model. It was the
country that practically invented the idea of coordinated national policy for this
industry. For France, it is a successful tourism policy that helps the country to
turn it into a Disneyland, with hotel units - monsters and leveling all the
hotels on the beaches of Costa Brava gave the area the nickname Costa (ie
created thanks to the US! After World War II, when America sent millions of
dollars via the Marshall Plan to help rebuild Europe, US experts decided that
in the case of France, tourism would be the industry to lead the country to
shops, conference centers and feather pillows. Ten years later, French
President De Gool created the world's first ministry of culture, through which
and historical sights. Since the financial crisis of 2008, tourism has
Chinese people who traveled to Paris to buy luxury goods from famous
Venice
happens when tourism is unchecked. The historic city has only 60,000
inhabitants, but every year it is visited by more than 20 million tourists, whose
presence has ejected rents, has closed traditional grocery stores to open
tourist gift shops and evicted many locals from the city. UNESCO, bewildered
by the threat of a no-frills tourist hike in - perhaps - the most beautiful city in
the world, warned in 2009 that "tourism can lead Venice to a humble tomb."
However, the Italian government refuses to set a ceiling on the number of
visitors or to apply the existing rental laws. All he did was to ban the passage
of huge cruise ships from the canals, and only after a Hollywood star
mobilization, though the Venetians themselves had been asking for years.
China
can result as well as geopolitical benefits. Since the 1980s, China has begun
The idea was this: By allowing foreigners to visit China's precious vacancy
and to know its sights and culture, the image of the country in the world could
the middle of 1980 the number of rooms in the whole of Beijing did not
exceed 500. Today, more new hotels are built in the country each year than
Canada
planning from political and economic changes, not necessarily within itself,
but in the wider neighborhood. Such second-round effects hit the Canadian
tourism industry after the September 11 attacks in the United States. Then
the US government began to require passports for passing the Canadian
border. Since most Americans did not have a passport, Canada's tourism
Goldstein said that "before we were virtually restful, since the biggest
consumers on the planet were our neighbors." Since then, Canada has been
forced to strive to attract tourists from other countries and has succeeded in
enhancing the most tourist destinations and promoting the country's LAM as
a destination very different from the US. Today, tourism in Canada has grown
Bhutan
primary objective to ensure that its environment, culture and economy are not
distorted From mass tourism. That is why it sets strict limits by defining the
number and type of hotels allowed to be built, while ensuring that there are
coming from tourism goes to local businesses and hotels and not to
Especially in the latter, Bhutan is rather the exception than the rule. The
out", meaning "money is coming, money is coming out". Money, that is, that
Cambodia
The most typical case of "money in, money out" is Cambodia. Her
however, sold land - fillets, from national parks to entire virgin beaches, to
foreign companies to build hotel units and casinos, often forcing residents to
leave their land. Indicatively, the majority of tourists in Cambodia visit the
world-renowned Angkor Wat temples in the Siem Reap area, one of the
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