MDB3053 NUMERICAL METHODS

ASSIGNMENT 4 DUE DATE:

1. The tensile stress-strain behavior of a cylindrical specimen of Al is shown

Stress (MPa) 34.8 69.8 138.2 205.7 285.5

Strain (mm/mm) 0.0005 0.0010 0.0019 0.0031 0.0040

a. Describe 2 differences between least-squares regression and interpolation in curve-fitting

techniques.
b. Determine the best-fit line for the data points given by using linear regression. Find the
standard deviation and the sum of squares of the errors.
c. Estimate the strain value at 250 MPa using your correlation.
d. Estimate the strain value by interpolation at 250 MPa. Comment on the difference
between Part (c) and (d). How do you use Part (b) in reporting your final solution?

Ans:

n= 5 Predicted
# x y xiyi xi2 Sr St y*
1 34.8 0.0005 0.0174 1211.04 1429.572 1169.606 0.000504
2 69.8 0.001 0.0698 4872.04 3038.024 1169.572 0.001002
3 138.2 0.0019 0.26258 19099.24 7911.085 1169.51 0.001977
4 205.7 0.0031 0.63767 42312.49 14963.38 1169.428 0.00294
5 285.5 0.004 1.142 81510.25 26175.59 1169.366 0.004077
SUM 734.00 0.01 2.13 149005.06 53517.65 5847.48

a1 = 1.42544E-05
a0 = 7.4506E-06
mean x = 146.8
mean y = 0.0021
Sy/x = 0.000112081
r= 1

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MDB3053 NUMERICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT 4 DUE DATE:

0.0050

0.0040

0.0030

0.0020

0.0010

0.0000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300

At X=250, y = 3.5711x10-3
Using linear interpolation,
250 205.7 y 0.0031
y 3.5996 103
285.5 205.7 0.004 0.0031
The reason is because the linear interpolation used segmented data; while the linear
regressed line smoothed the data.

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MDB3053 NUMERICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT 4 DUE DATE:

2. The traditional drafting time versus CAD time is as follows.

Traditional 10.6 14.5 15.3 19.3 20.4 22.5

CAD 9.4 13.5 18.4 20.1 25.2 30.0

The Chief Engineer wish to estimate the CAD time that would take a draftman 20 days to
complete.

a. Using Newtons interpolating polynomial or order 1, 2 and 3

b. Using Lagrange polynomial 1, 2 and 3
c. Estimate the errors from your predictions and decide the final number to be submitted to
the Chief Engineer.

Ans:

i. Newtons polynomial order 1:

X F(X)
X0 19.3 20.1
X1 20.4 25.2

f ( x1 ) f ( x0 )
f1 ( x) f ( x0 ) x x0
x1 x0
25.2 20.1
f1 (20) 19.3 (20 19.3) 22.5455
20.4 19.3
Newtons polynomial order 2:

X F(X)
X0 19.3 20.1
X1 20.4 25.2
X2 22.5 30.0

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MDB3053 NUMERICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT 4 DUE DATE:

f 2 ( x) b0 b1 x x0 b2 x x0 x x1
b0 f 2 ( x0 ) f 2 (19.3) 20.1
f ( x1 ) f ( x0 ) 25.2 20.1
b1 4.6364
x1 x0 20.4 19.3
f ( x2 ) f ( x1 ) f ( x1 ) f ( x0 ) 30 25.2 25.2 20.1

x2 x1 x1 x0 22.5 20.4 20.4 19.3
b2 0.7346
x2 x0 22.5 19.3

f 2 (2.8) 20.1 4.6364 20 19.3 0.7346 20 19.3 20 20.4 23.5512

Lagrange polynomial 1st-order

X F(X)
X0 19.3 20.1
X1 20.4 25.2
X2 22.5 30.0

x x1 f x x x0
f1 ( x) f x0 1
x0 x1 x1 x0
f1 (20) 20.1
20 20.4 25.2 20 19.3 23.3455
19.3 20.4 20.4 19.3

Lagrange polynomial 2nd-order

x x1 x x2 f x x x0 x x2 f x x x0 x x1 f x
f 2 ( x)
x0 x1 x0 x2 0 x1 x0 x1 x2 1 x2 x0 x2 x1 2
f 2 (20)
20 20.4 20 22.5 20.1 20 19.3 20 22.5 25.2 20 19.3 20 20.4 30
19.3 20.4 19.3 22.5 20.4 19.3 20.4 22.5 22.5 19.3 22.5 20.4
5.7102 19.0909 1.25 23.5511

Newton Lagrange Error (%)

st
1 order 22.5455 23.3455 31.4
2nd order 23.5512 23.5511 4.24E-4

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MDB3053 NUMERICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT 4 DUE DATE:

Final reported value = 23.6

Reason 1: 2nd order interpolation produced the small difference in relative error.
Reason 2: Precision of recorded data is up to 1 DP only.

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