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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Fisheries and

for a world without hunger Aquaculture Department

National Aquaculture Legislation Overview


Philippines

I. Profile V. Miscellaneous
a. Basic Legislation VI. References
b. Legal Definition
a. Legislation
c. Guidelines And Codes Of Conduct
b. Related Resources
d. International Arrangements
II. Planning VII. Related Links
a. Authorization System
b. Access To Land And Water
c. EIA
III. Operation
a. Water And Wastewater
b. Fish Movement
c. Disease Control
d. Drugs
e. Feed
IV. Food Safety

Profile

Basic legislation

The Philippine Environment Code (1988) provides the foundation for all measures dealing with the
Philippine's natural environment, encompassing the management of air quality, water, land use, natural
resources and waste. The Code, being a framework instrument, provides a chapter on fisheries and aquatic
resources and requires the government to establish a system of rational exploitation thereof. The Philippine
Fisheries Code (1998) provides for the development, management, conservation and utilization of fisheries and
aquatic resources. The Code integrates all laws that are relevant to these issues. Chapter II, Article III (Sections
45-57) of the Code deals with aquaculture. The Implementing Rules and Regulations (1998) provide the
procedures and guidelines for the implementation of the Code. The Code is further implemented by numerous
Fisheries Administrative Orders (FAOs) on various specific subjects.

The Fisheries Code falls under the jurisdiction of the Department of Agriculture. Within the Department, the
Undersecretary for Fisheries and Aquatic Resources is responsible for setting policies and formulating
standards and for exercising overall supervision. The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquaculture Resources (BFAR)
is the agency tasked with the management and development of fisheries and aquatic resources. The Code also
creates a National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), which serves as the primary
research arm of BFAR. The functions of BFAR are broadly defined and include - inter alia - the preparation and
implementation of the National Fisheries Industry Development Plan, the enforcement of laws and regulations
(except in municipal waters) and the monitoring and regulation of import and export of fishery and aquaculture
products and of fish processing establishments.

The Fisheries Code also provides for the establishment of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management
Councils (FARMCs) at various levels: national (NFARMC), municipal or city (M/CFARMC), and bays, gulfs,
lakes, rivers and dams bounded by two or more municipalities or cities to be known as Integrated FARMC
(IFARMC). The NFARMC serves as an advisory/recommendatory body to the Department of Agriculture in
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
(IFARMC). The NFARMC serves as an advisory/recommendatory body to the Department of Agriculture in
policy formulation and the preparation of the National Fisheries Industry Development Plan. The
M/CFARMCs assist in the preparation of Municipal Fishery Development Plans and the enforcement of laws
and regulations in concerned municipal waters, among other things. The IFARMC has a similar role to the
M/CFARMC except that its reach covers more than just one municipality. Fisheries Administrative Order No 196
(2000) provides detailed guidelines on the creation and implementation of FARMCs.

Another basic act that is relevant to aquaculture is the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (1997),
which prescribes the measures to modernize the agriculture and fisheries sectors in order to enhance their
profitability. Whereas the Fisheries Code prioritizes the management, conservation and protection of fisheries
and aquatic resources, the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act places priority on increase in
production and encourages a rapid shift towards industrialization. The National Agriculture and Fisheries
Council (NAFC) assists the Department of Agriculture in the monitoring and coordination of the agriculture
and fisheries modernization process.

Finally, the Reorganization Act of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) (1987)
establishes the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB), encompassing the former National Environmental
Protection Council, the former National Pollution Control Commission and the former Environmental Center
of the Philippines. It also establishes a Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau. It should be noted that the
Fisheries Code contains a number of provisions in which the jurisdictions of BFAR and EMB intersect. Such
intersections are express, such as the classification of rare, threatened or endangered species of aquatic flora
and fauna or the classification of fishery areas, or implied, such as the formulation of an integrated coastal
management framework and the setting, monitoring and evaluation of water quality standards.

Legal definition

The Fisheries Code defines aquaculture as "fishery operations involving all forms of raising and culturing fish
and other fishery species in fresh, brackish and marine areas".

Guidelines and codes of conduct

The Fisheries Code requires BFAR to establish a Code of Practice for Aquaculture. Fisheries Administrative Order
No. 214 (2001) establishes such a Code outlining the general principles and guidelines for environmentally-sound
design and operation to promote the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. The Code deals with
many of the issues mentioned above including site selection/evaluation, farm design and construction, EIS,
water usage, water discharge and sludge/effluent management, use of drugs, chemicals, potentially toxic
pesticides and fertilizers, stock selection/stocking practices, introduction of exotic species/GMOs, feed, feed
use and management, fish health management, aquaculture data management and incentives.

International arrangements

Philippines is a member of:

World Trade Organization (WTO).


Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia and the Pacific (NACA).
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC).

Philippines is a party to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It has signed the Biosafety Protocol on
24 May 2000, but is not yet a party to the Protocol. Philippines is also a party to the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).

Planning

Authorization system
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
Authorizations to engage in and set up an aquaculture facility are granted by the body that has jurisdiction over
the venue of the aquaculture operation. In municipal waters, the construction and operation of fish pens, fish
cages, fish traps and other structures for the culture of fish and other fishery products is the responsibility of
Local Government Units (LGUs), i.e. the municipal or city governments. Municipal waters are defined as to
include streams, lakes, inland bodies of water and tidal waters within the municipality (and which are not
included within protected areas, see below), as well as the marine waters as delineated in the Code (basically
limited to the waters 15 km from the shore). The Fisheries Code requires all LGUs to enact, in consultation
with the FARMCs, a basic Municipal Fisheries Ordinance (MFO) delineating the boundaries of the municipal
waters as defined in the Code and providing the rules and regulations on licensing and permits and other
fishery activities. According to the Code, only ten percent of the surface area of lakes and rivers may be
allotted for the construction and operation of fish pens, fish cages, fish traps and other structures for the culture
of fish and other fishery products. The Code spells out the need to control stocking density and feeding rates in
such aquaculture facilities. Existing pearl farm leases should be respected. New pearl farm leases may be
granted by the LGUs having jurisdiction over the area to qualified persons who possess the necessary capital
and technology. Duly registered fisher folk organizations/cooperatives have preference in the grant of fishery
rights by the LGUs.

Beyond municipal waters, fish pens and fish cages should be constructed and operated within fish pen and fish
cage belts designated by BFAR and after corresponding licenses therefore have been issued by BFAR and fees
have been paid. In addition, special committees or authorities having control and supervision over specific
water bodies that are regulated by specific laws, for instance Taal Lake, have the power to issue licenses for
aquaculture operations in those water bodies. The National Irrigation Authority, by virtue of its own charter,
issues licenses for the Maga Dam.

BFAR also has the responsibility of granting so called Fishpond Lease Agreements (FLAs) for public lands,
primarily to fisher folk cooperatives/associations. Generally, public lands "such as tidal swamps, mangroves,
marshes, foreshore lands and ponds suitable for fishery purposes" are under the jurisdiction of DENR. The
latter may declare public lands as alienable and disposable for fishpond purposes and release them to the
jurisdiction of BFAR. The Fisheries Code expressly prohibits the conversion of mangroves into fishponds, thus
effectively limiting the fishpond area to areas that have already been developed. DENR, in coordination with
BFAR, LGUs, other concerned agencies and FARMCs, has the task to determine which abandoned,
undeveloped or underutilized fishponds covered by FLAs can be reverted to their original mangrove state and
after having made such determination must take all steps necessary to restore such areas in their original
mangrove state.

The conditions governing the lease of public lands for fishpond development are stated in the Fisheries Code
and are further specified and detailed in Fisheries Administrative Order No 167 (2000) . According to the Fisheries
Code, fishpond leases are subject to the following conditions:

Areas leased for fishpond purposes shall be no more than 50 ha for individuals and 250 ha for
corporations or fisher folk organizations.
The lease shall be for a period of 25 years and renewable for another 25 years. In case of the death of the
lessee, his spouse and/or children, as his heirs, shall have pre-emptive rights to the unexpired term of the
FLA subject to the same terms and conditions provided herein and provided that the said heirs are
qualified.
Lease rates for fishpond areas shall be determined by BFAR. All fees collected shall be remitted to the
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute and other qualified research institutions to be
used for aquaculture research development.
The area leased shall be developed and producing on a commercial scale within three years from the
approval of the FLA. All areas not fully producing within five years from the date of approval of the
FLA shall automatically revert to the public domain for reforestation.
The fishpond shall not be subleased, in whole or in part, and failure to comply with this provision shall
mean cancellation of the FLA
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
The transfer or assignment of rights under the FLA shall be allowed only upon prior written approval of
BFAR.
The lessee shall undertake reforestation for river banks, bays, streams and seashore fronting the dike of
his fishpond subject to the rules and regulations to be promulgated
The lessee shall provide facilities that will minimize environmental pollution, i.e., settling ponds,
reservoirs, etc. Failure to comply with this provision shall mean cancellation of the FLA.

Generally, any aquaculture structure - whether it concerns fish cages, fish pens, fish traps or fishponds - may
not obstruct the navigation or "defined migration paths" of migratory fish species. Fisheries Administrative Orders
216 and 217 (2001) contain more specific and detailed rules on these issues.

All fish hatcheries, fish breeding facilities and private fishponds must be registered with the LGUs, which
should prescribe minimum standards for such facilities in consultation with BFAR. In addition, BFAR
conducts a yearly inventory of all fishponds, fish pens and fish cages, whether in private or public land.
Moreover, all fishpond, fish pen and fish cage operators must annually report to BFAR about the type of
species and the volume of production in the areas devoted to aquaculture. Fisheries Administrative Order 218 (2001)
contains more specific and detailed rules on the annual report.

Finally, also relevant to aquaculture is the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act (2001) , which seeks - inter
alia - to conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats and to regulate the collection and trade of
wildlife. The Act defines "wildlife" for this purpose as wild forms of flora and fauna, in all developmental
stages, including those which are in captivity or are being bred or propagated. In particular, the Act encourages
the "conservation breeding or propagation of threatened species" in order to enhance its population in its
natural habitat. The Act establishes that the breeding or propagation of wildlife for commercial purposes may
be allowed by the Secretary of the Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau, or any authorized representative, upon
the issuance of a wildlife farm culture permit, which may be issued for 3 to 5 years. However, only progenies
of wildlife raised, as well as unproductive parent stock, may be utilized for trade. In addition, commercial
breeding operations for wildlife, whenever appropriate, should be subject to an EIA study (see below).
Access to land and water

The provisions of the Fisheries Code are applicable to "all Philippine waters" and "all lands devoted to
aquaculture". Licensing requirements for the construction and operation of fish pens, fish cages and fish traps
in Philippine waters as well as the lease of public lands for fishponds have been discussed above.

The Water Code of the Philippines (1976) governs the ownership, appropriation, utilization, exploitation,
development, conservation and protection of water resources and the rights to land related thereto. According
to the Act, water may be appropriated for the purpose of - inter alia - fisheries, which is further described as "the
utilization of water for the propagation and culture of fish as a commercial enterprise". The appropriation of
water requires a water permit, to be issued by the National Water Resources Board (NWRB). The permit may
be subject to conditions of beneficial use, adequate standards of design and construction and other terms and
conditions as may be imposed by the NWRB. The permit should specify the maximum amount of water that
may be diverted or withdrawn, the points of diversion, the purpose for which the water may be used etc. Every
appropriator of water should maintain water control and measuring devices, and keep records of the water
withdrawal. The Water Code also lists the circumstances under which the water permit may be suspended,
revoked, modified or cancelled.

Also relevant to aquaculture is the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act (1992) , which governs, classifies and
administers protected areas, i.e. outstanding remarkable areas and biologically important public lands that are
habitats of rare and endangered species of plants and animals, biographic zones and related ecosystems,
whether terrestrial, wetland or marine. The Act, which places the NIPAS under the control and administration
of DENR, requires proposals for activities that fall outside the scope of the management plan for such protected
areas to be subject to an environmental impact assessment (see below).

FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department


EIA

The Fisheries Code requires all government agencies as well as private corporations, firms and entities who
intend to undertake activities or projects which will affect the quality of the environment to prepare a detailed
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) prior to undertaking such development activity. The preparation of an
EIS forms a integral part of the entire planning process pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1586 (1978),
establishing an Environmental Impact Statement System. In addition, Presidential Proclamation No. 2146 (1981) lists
the Environmentally Critical Projects (ECPs) and Environmentally Critical Areas (ECAs) that require an EIS.
They include - inter alia - fishery projects, i.e. dikes for/and fishpond development projects, as well as protected
areas under the National Integrated Protected Areas System and certain mangrove areas.

The EIS-procedure is further regulated in Administrative Order No 42 (2002) , giving authority to the Director and
Regional Directors of the EMB to grant or deny the issuance of Environmental Compliance Certificates
(ECC), and the Implementing Rules and Regulations (2003). Generally, the EIS should at least contain the
following information:

EIS Executive Summary.


Project Description.
Matrix of the scoping agreement identifying critical issues and concerns, as validated by the EMB.
Baseline environmental conditions focusing on the sectors (and resources) most significantly affected by
the proposed action.
Impact assessment focused on significant environmental impacts (in relation to project
construction/commissioning, operation and decommissioning), taking into account cumulative impacts.
EIA if determined by the EMB as necessary during scoping.
Environmental Management Program/Plan.
Supporting documents, including technical/socio-economic data used/generated; certificate of zoning
viability and municipal land use plan; and proof of consultation with stakeholders.
Proposals for Environmental Monitoring and Guarantee Funds including justification of amount, when
required.
Accountability statement of EIA consultants and the project proponent.
Other clearances and documents that may be determined and agreed upon during scoping.

Operation

Water and wastewater

The Reorganization Act of DENR tasks the EMB with the formulation of water quality standards and the
formulation of rules and regulations for the proper disposition of solid wastes, toxic and hazardous substances.
Additionally, the discharge of pollutants is an issue to be considered in the EIS process. The Philippine Clean
Water Act (2004) requires DENR, in coordination with the NWRB, to designate certain areas as water quality
management areas, and to implement a wastewater charge system in those areas. The Act requires owners or
operators of facilities that discharge effluents to secure a wastewater discharge permit. The permit should
specify, among others, the quantity and quality of effluent that said facilities are allowed to discharge into a
particular water body.

Although DENR has a clear mandate where it concerns water pollution, also the Fisheries Code provides for
an - absolute - prohibition of aquatic pollution. Aquatic pollution is broadly defined and includes - for example
- deforestation and unsound agricultural practices such as the use of banned chemicals, the excessive use of
chemicals, the intensive use of artificial fish feed as well as wetland conversion. Typically, this is an area
where, as mentioned above, the jurisdictions of BFAR and DENR intersect.

Finally, the Marine Pollution Decree (1976) aims to prevent and control the pollution of marine waters through
the dumping of wastes and other matters that create hazards to human health and harm living resources and
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
marine life.

Fish movement

The Fisheries Code establishes that no foreign finfish, molluscs, crustaceans or aquatic plants may be
introduced in Philippine waters without a sound ecological, biological and environmental justification based on
scientific studies subject to the bio-safety standards as provided for by existing laws. However, BFAR may
approve the introduction of foreign aquatic species for scientific or research purposes. The Code also states that
all fish and fishery/aquatic products coming into and going out of the country must be inspected in order to
detect the presence of fish pests and diseases.

There are two sections within BFAR that have responsibility over the movement of live aquatic animals, i.e.
the Fish Health Section (see below) and the Foreign Trade and Miscellaneous Permit Section under the
Fisheries Regulatory and Quarantine Division. Fisheries Administrative Order No 207 (2001) specifically regulates and
prohibits the import and culture of imported live shrimp and prawn of all stages. Fisheries Administrative Order No
221 (2003) specifically regulates the import of live fish and fishery/aquatic products, aquatic micro-organisms,
biomolecules (including GMOs) and endangered species.

The Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act provides that wildlife species may be exported to or
imported from another country upon the authorization of the Secretary of the Protected Areas and Wildlife
Bureau, or any authorized representative. No exotic species may be introduced into the country, unless
approval has been obtained of the Secretary. In no case are exotic species allowed to be introduced in protected
areas covered by the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act. The Act also regulates the prospecting
of biological and genetic resources. New rules on bio-prospecting have been formulated and will soon be
issued. The National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP) - inter alia - formulates national policies
and guidelines on biosafety and identifies and evaluates potential hazards involved in initiating genetic
manipulation experiments or the introduction of exotic species and genetically modified organisms. The NCBP
has issued the Philippine Biosafety Guidelines (PBG) and Guidelines for Planned Release of Genetically
Manipulated Organisms (GMOs) and Potentially Harmful Exotic Species (PHES).

Disease control

The Fish Health Section within BFAR spearheads the implementation of the monitoring of aquaculture farms
and provides diagnostic services, technical and advisory assistance to the aquaculture industry. Its monitoring
program includes disease surveillance and reporting system, aquatic animal health certification and
implementation of quarantine procedures, assessment of the health status of stocks of selected fish and the
management of other aquatic resource farms in the Philippines.

The Fish Health Section operates the Central Fish Health Laboratory which is the competent authority of the
Philippines, having the responsibility and competence for ensuring or supervising the implementation of the
aquatic animal health measures recommended by OIE and EC Directive 2003/858/EC. It develops
standardized routine procedures and guidelines for the operation of 15 Regional Fish Health Laboratories and
supervises the activities of and sets directions for the operation of such laboratories. According to Fisheries
Administrative Order No 220 (2001) , the functions of the fish health laboratories are to:

Conduct fish disease diagnoses, conduct water quality analysis related to disease diagnosis, fish health
problems and fish kill.
Provide technical advice on fish health management, conduct fish disease surveillance and reporting
system.
Provide technical support to fish inspection and quarantine services.
Conduct on-site visits to fish farms and places where there are fish health problems.
Conduct fish kill investigations.
Provide technical support on quality control of animal feeds, veterinary drugs and chemicals in
aquaculture.
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
The Fish Health Section provides technical guidance to the Fish Health Officers on the execution of diagnostic
activities and technical assistance on fish health-related problems. It also imparts specialized training programs
on fish health for government fishery biologists, extension workers and fish farmers. Surveillance and
monitoring program of farms for diseases and drug residue monitoring has been developed to know the animal
health situation in the Philippines and in compliance with the requirements of trading partners. As exporter of
fresh and frozen aquaculture products to European communities, the Fish Health Officers implement disease
monitoring and surveillance to fulfil the requirements of EC Directive 2003/858/EC. They are also the
government officials authorized to certify the animal health on the exportation of fish products of aquaculture
origin into the European Union for immediate human consumption.

Drugs

As mentioned above, the fish health laboratories provide technical support on quality control of feed, veterinary
drugs and chemicals in aquaculture. A national program on residue monitoring, report and planning in
accordance with EU Council Directive 96/23/EC is currently being implemented. The program includes
monitoring and surveillance and the use of veterinary drugs disease occurrences. The Fish Health Section has
devised standardized monitoring procedures on field inspections and reporting to ensure feed quality and
compliance to government regulations and EU Council Directive 96/23/EC. It also supervises the
implementation and monitoring of the activities of the Fish Health Officers deputized as Aquatic Animal Feeds
and Veterinary Drug and Products Control Officers.

In addition, the Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI), falling under the responsibility of the Department of
Agriculture, through its Animal Feeds Standard Division (AFSD), generally formulates regulations on animal
feeds and chemicals intended for animals. The AFSD evaluates, registers, and licenses establishments that
engage in the manufacture, distribution, and sale of veterinary products, including those used for aquaculture. It
inspects and examines veterinary drugs, and adopts and uses existing standards and requirements of the
Department of Health for licensing and registration. Reportedly, AFSD currently requires commercial prawn
feed manufacturers to completely label their feed bags and containers. Such labels should contain, among other
things, feed ingredients, including drugs or drug ingredients for disease prevention, percentage of drug,
directions for use, warning against use under conditions dangerous to the health of livestock and man, and
withdrawal period.

The Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority (FPA), an attached agency of the Department of Agriculture, issues
guidelines, rules, and regulations about commercial fertilizers, soil conditioners, microbial inoculants, and
fertilizer raw materials prior to their distribution and sale. The FPA also registers pesticides and subsequently
classifies these for general use, for restricted use, or as banned pesticides. Manufacturers, distributors, and
importers are also required to secure a license from the FPA. The FPA also monitors all areas of pesticide use,
including effects on the environment, pesticide residues in food, pesticide handling and use, poisoning cases,
product quality, and sale and distribution. The FPA coordinates with the DENR on environmental issues
regarding the use of pesticides.

Feed

See section above.

Food safety
Fish and fishery/aquatic products must meet the consumer product quality and safety standards imposed under
the Consumer Act (1992) and the Fisheries Code. In particular, Chapter II, Article IV (Section 58-62) of the Code
deals with post-harvest facilities and trade. All post-harvest facilities, such as fish processing plants, ice plants
and cold storages, fish ports/landings and other fishery business establishments must register and be licensed by
the LGUs, which shall prescribe minimum standards for such facilities in consultation with BFAR. Fishery
products may be imported only when the import has been certified as necessary by BFAR, and all
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
requirements of the Code, as well as existing rules and regulations have been complied with. No person shall
import and/or export fishery products of whatever size, stage or form for any purpose without securing a permit
from BAFR (see section 9). Within BFAR, the Fisheries Post Harvest Technology Division is responsible for
the establishment and implementation of an inspection system for the import and export of fish and
fishery/aquatic products and fish processing establishments in order to ensure product quality and safety.

Various Fisheries Administrative Orders have been developed containing specific and detailed requirements.
Fisheries Administrative Order No 195 (1999) contains rules and regulations governing the import of
fresh/chilled/frozen fish and fishery/aquatic products. Fisheries Administrative Order No 209 (2001) contains a
guideline on the production, harvesting, handling and transportation of shellfish for implementation by local
governments. Fisheries Administrative Order No 210 (2001) contains rules and regulations on the export of
fresh/chilled/frozen fish and fishery/aquatic products. Fisheries Administrative Order No 211 (2001) contains
requirements for pre-processing and processing plants, standard sanitation operating procedures, as well as
processing and quality requirements for shellfish. Finally, Fisheries Administrative Order No 212 (2001) contains a
guideline on the implementation of the HACCP system.

Miscellaneous
Aquaculture investment
The Foreign Investment Act (1991) sets into place the procedures for the registration and grant of incentives to
foreign investors. The Foreign Investment List covers all the investment areas/activities that may be opened to
foreign investors and/or that may be reserved for nationals. Up to 40 percent foreign ownership is allowed for -
inter alia - the exploration, development and utilization of natural resources. More information on investment in
the Philippines can be obtained from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI).

Insurance for aquaculture crops/stocks


governs the implementation of an insurance program for unharvested
Fisheries Administrative Order No 215 (2001)
crops/stocks in fishponds, fish cages and fish pens, including seaweed farms and other aquaculture projects.

References

Legislation

Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (1997).


Biological and Genetic Resources Order (1995).
Consumer Act (1992).
Foreign Investment Act (1991).
National Integrated Protected Areas System Act (1992).
Philippine Clean Water Act (2004).
Philippine Environment Code (1988).
Philippine Fisheries Code (1998).
Implementing Rules and Regulations (1998).
Fisheries Administrative Order No 195 (1999).
Fisheries Administrative Order No 196 (2000)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 197 (2000)
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
Fisheries Administrative Order No 207 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 209 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 210 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 211 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 212 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 214 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 215 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 216 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 217 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 218 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 220 (2001)
Fisheries Administrative Order No 221 (2003)
Presidential Decree No. 1586 (1978), establishing an Environmental Impact Statement System.
Presidential Proclamation No. 2146 (1981).

Related resources

Search parameters: country=PHL,


Keywords=aquaculture;mariculture
Records Returned: 11
Consolidated Entry into
Title of text Date of text Countries
date force

This Act
Joint DA-DOH Administrative Order enters into
No. 2015-0007 implementing Rules and force 15
2016-02-29 Philippines
Regulations of the Food Safety Act of days after
2013. its
publication.

This Act
Republic Act No. 9441 establishing a
enters into
Marine Research and Breeding Centre in 2007-04-28 Philippines
force on 28
the Municipality of Baler.
April 2007.

Republic Act No. 9460 of 2007


establishing a marine research and
2007-02-19 Philippines
breeding centre in the municipality of
Odiongan.

Republic Act No. 9459 of 2007


establishing an oyster, mussel, crab,
prawn and shrimp farm in the 2007-02-19 Philippines
municipality of Calabanga, Province of
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
Camarines Sur.

Republic Act No. 9471 Establishing


Aquatic Research and Technology
2007-02-19 Philippines
Centres in the Province of Camarines
Sur.

Implementing Rules and Regulations of


the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998
1998-05-08 Philippines
(Administrative Order No. 3 of 1998 of
the Department of Agriculture).

Fishery Rentals, Fees and Charges


Ordinance of the city of Zamboanga (No. 1992-12-03 Philippines
92-004).

The Australia; Bangladesh;


Agreement Cambodia; China; Korea,
Agreement on the network of
came into Republic of; India; Malaysia;
aquaculture centres in Asia and the 1988-01-08
force on 11 Myanmar; Nepal; Pakistan;
Pacific.
January Philippines; Sri Lanka;
1990. Thailand; Viet Nam; China

The Order
Fisheries Administrative Order No. 146 shall enter
of 1983 concerning rules and regulations into force
1983-12-08 Philippines
governing the gathering and farming of 15 days
seaweed. after
publication.

Executive Order creating a National


Board on the SEAFDEC Aquaculture
1982-10-14 Philippines
Department Programs, Budget and
Operations (No. 834).

Fisheries Administrative Ordinance No.


138 of 1982 concerning rules and
1982-01-15 Philippines
regulations governing the culture of
mussels (Tahong).

Arthur, J.R., Lavilla-Pitogo, C.R. and Subasinghe, R.P. (eds). Use of Chemicals in Aquaculture in Asia.
Proceedings of the Meeting on the Use of Chemicals in Aquaculture in Asia. Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines, 20
22 May 1996 (
Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI)
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR)
Environmental Management Bureau (EMB)

FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department


Fertilizer and Pesticides Authority (FPA)
Howarth, W., Hernandez, A.R. & Van Houtte, A. (2001). Legislation Governing Shrimp Aquaculture: Legal
Issues, National Experiences and Options. FAO Legal Paper Online No. 18
National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP)
Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB)
Van Houtte, A. Salient legal and institutional features with regard to the development of shrimp culture in a
few countries. In: FAO. 1999. Papers presented at the Bangkok FAO Technical Consultation on Policies for
Sustainable Shrimp Culture. Bangkok, Thailand, 8-11 December 1997. FAO Fisheries Report No. 572
(Supplement).

Related links
Country profiles: Philippines

FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department

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