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MATHEMATHICS 2010
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MALAYSIA
PROJECT WORK 4
STATISTICS
NAME :
MUHAMMAD DARWISY AL-HAFIZ BIN MOHD IBRAHIM
CLASS :
5 SCIENCE 1
IC NUMBER :
930225-01-6291
SUBJECT TEACHER :
PUAN JUAHRIAH BTE ALI
APPRECIATION
Alhamdullilah,thank you to Allah for giving the will to me to complete this
Additional Mathematics project.Secondly, I would like to thank the principle of
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Taman Daya 2 , Puan Jamiaah Bte Kechut for
giving me the permission to do my this Additional Mathematics Project Work. I
also like to thank my Additional Mathematics teacher, Puan Juahriah Bte Ali for
the guide and giving useful and important information for me to complete this
project work. Besides that, I would like to thank my parents for their support and
encouragement. Lastly, a special thanks to all my friends for their help and
cooperation in searching for information and completing this project work.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF
STATISTICS
By the 18th century, the term "statistics" designated the
19th century, the meaning of "statistics" broadened, then including the discipline
concerned with the
and statistical inference, which are used in statistical practice. The relation between
statistics and probability theory developed rather late, however. In the 19th century,
statistics increasingly used probability theory, whose initial results were found in
the17th and 18th centuries, particularly in the analysis of games of chance (gambling).
By 1800, astronomy used probability models and statistical theories, particularly the
method of least squares, which was invented by Legendre and Gauss. Early
probability theory and statistics was systematized and extended by Laplace; following
Laplace, probability and statistics have been in continual development. In the 19th
century, social scientists used statistical reasoning and probability models to advance
the new sciences of experimental psychology and sociology; physical scientists used
was closely associated with the development of inductive logic and the scientific
method.
Statistics is not a field of mathematics but an autonomous mathematical science, like
computer science or operations research. Unlike mathematics, statistics had its origins
economics. Being concerned with the scientific method and inductive logic, statistical
theory has close association with the philosophy of science; with its emphasis on
learning from data and making best predictions, statistics has great overlap with the
decision science and microeconomics. With its concerns with data, statistics has
STATISTICS TODAY
During the 20th century, the creation of precise instruments for agricultural
Today the use of statistics has broadened far beyond its origins. Individuals
decisions throughout the natural and social sciences, medicine, business, and
other areas.
You are required to carry out a survey on four different items based on the
following categories i.e. food, detergent and stationery.The survey should
be done in three different shops.
QUESTION
Answer:
Answer:
PRICE(RM)
CATEGORY ITEM KOOP KOOP KOOP
SARJANA IUI PUM
FOOD 1.SELF-RAISING FLOUR
(1000 g) 4.00 3.70 3.60
2.SUGAR (1000g) 2.00 1.90 1.80
3.BUTTER (250g) 4.70 4.50 4.30
4.EGGS (GRADE A)
1DOZEN 5.90 5.50 5.00
TOTAL PRICE 16.60 15.60 14.70
DETERGENT 1.SOAP (3 BARS) 3.20 3.00 2.80
2.LIQUID DISHWASHER
(1000ml) 4.29 3.90 3.20
3.CLOTHES DETERGENT
(3KG) 18.90 17.00 16.50
4.TOILET CLEANER
(500ml) 5.50 5.50 5.50
TOTAL PRICE 31.89 29.40 28.00
STATIONERY 1.SHARPENER 1.50 1.30 1.00
2.PENCIL (2B) 1 DOZEN 5.00 4.80 4.50
3.PEN 1.30 1.20 1.00
4.ERASER 1.30 1.20 1.10
TOTAL PRICE 9.10 8.50 7.60
GRAND TOTAL 57.59 53.50 50.30
c) Create at least two suitable graphical representations (the
use of ICT is encouraged) to compare and contrast the price of
the items chosen.
Answer:
1)FOODS
(d) Based on the graphical representation that you have
constructed in Part 1(c), interpret,discuss and draw
conclusions.Comments on your findings.
Answer:
Answer:
Liquid Dishwasher
Mean = 18.9+17+16.5
3
= 17.47
Standard Deviation
= √(∑x²)/N – (x̃)²
= √18.9²+17²+16.5²
3
= 0.97
Every year SMK Indah organises a carnival to raise funds for the
school. This year the school plans to install air conditioners in the
school library. Last year, during the carnival, your class made and
sold butter cakes. Because of the popularity of the butter
cakes,your class has decided to carry out the same project for
this year’s carnival.
QUESTION
Answer:
(b) Complete Table 2 with the prices of the items found in the
Shop/supermarket that you have chosen
Answer:
(i) Calculate the price index for each of the ingredients in Table
2 for the year 2010 based on the year 2009
Answer :
1.Self-Raising Flour
I=
0.90.9
x 100 = 100
2.Sugar
I=
0.360.35
x 100 = 102.86
3.Butter
I=
4.33.3
x 100 = 130.30
4.Eggs (Grade A)
I=
2.11.25
x 100 = 168
(ii) Calculate the composite index for making a butter cake in
the year 2010 based on the year 2009.Discuss how you
obtained your answers.
Answer:
Composite Index
=
1
4
(100)+
1
5
(102.86)+
1
4
(130.30)+
3
10
(168)
1
= 128.54
(iii) In the year 2009,the butter cake was sold at RM15.00
each.Suggest a suitable selling price for the butter cake in
the year 2010.Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
On 2009,RM 15.00
On 2010, price =
15
x 100 = 128.54%
x 100 = 128.54 x 15
=
1928.1
100
= 19.30
Thus,the suitable price for the butter cake for the year 2010
is RM19.30.The increase in price is also suitable because of
the rise in the price of the ingredients.
(c)
(i) Find out from reliable source how to determine
suitable
Capacity of air conditioner to be installed based on
the
volume/size of a room.
Answer:
Answer:
Height = 3.6m
Width = 9.17m
Length = 20.12m
= 24.6
Answer:
Number of cakes =
700
11.64
QUESTION
Answer:
(b) Calculate the composite index for the estimated budget of the
carnival in the year 2010 based on the year 2009. Comment on
your answer.
Answer:
Composite Index
I=
∑�
∑
=
11512+1005+1153+1002+1006+1158+130(4)
12+5+3+2+6+8+4
=
4465
40
=
111.625
Answer:
I
2011
2009
X 100 =
I
2010
2009
X
I
2011
2009
I
2011
2009
= 111.625 X111.625 X
1
100
I
2011
2009
= 124.60
FURTHER EXPLORATION
Malaysia
The air quality in Malaysia is reported as the API or Air Pollution
Index. Four of the index's pollutant components (i.e., carbon
monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide) are reported
in PM10 particulate matter is reported in g/m³.
Unlike the American AQI, the index number can exceed 500. Above
500, a state of emergency is declared in the reporting area. Usually,
this means that non-essential government services are suspended, and
all ports in the affected area closed. There may also be a prohibition
on private sector commercial and industrial activities in the reporting
area excluding the food sector.
STOCK MARKET INDEX
The concept may be extended well beyond an exchange. The Dow Jones
Total Stock Market Index, as its name implies, represents the stocks of
nearly every publicly traded company in the United States, including all
U.S. stocks traded on the New York Stock Exchange (but not ADRs) and
most traded on the NASDAQ and American Stock Exchange. Russell
Investment Group added to the family of indices by launching the Russell
Global Index.
More specialised indices exist tracking the performance of specific sectors
of
the market. The Morgan Stanley Biotech Index, for example, consists of
36
American firms in the biotechnology industry. Other indices may track
companies of a certain size, a certain type of management, or even more
specialized criteria one index published by Linux Weekly News tracks
stocks
of companies that sell products and services based on the Linux operating
environment.
Index versions
Some indices, such as the S&P 500, have multiple versions.[1] These
versions
can differ based on how the index components are weighted and on how
dividends are accounted for. For example, there are three versions of the
S&P
500 index: price return, which only considers the price of the components,
total return, which accounts for dividend reinvestment, and net total
return,
which accounts for dividend reinvestment after the deduction of a
withholding tax. As another example, the Wilshire 4500 and Wilshire
5000
indices have five versions each: full capitalization total return, full
capitalization price, float-adjusted total return, float-adjusted price, and
equal
weight. The difference between the full capitalization, float-adjusted, and
equal weight versions is in how index components are weighted.
USES AND IMPORTANCE OF AIR POLLUTION
INDEX AND STOCK MARKET INDEX
As for the stock market index, it is mainly for the business entrepreneurs.
This type of index is used to determine the outcome of a stock market and
also the conclusion of a stock market. The stock market index is important
because a country’s economical state sometimes depend on it.
CONCLUSION
Adter spending countless hours,days and night to finish this project and
also sacrificing my time video games and mangas in this mid year holiday,
there are several things that I can say...
Additional Mathematics...
From the day I born...
From the day I was able to holding pencil...
From the day I start learning...
And...
From the day I heard your name...