Masters of Commerce

Second Year

Business Research Methods

1. First step of an investigation is _________ .

A. collection of data.
B. presentation of data.
C. analysis of data.
D. explanation of data.

2. Diagrams are for _________________

A. the use of exports.
B. better quantitative picture.
C. better mental appeal
D. the use of imports.

3. The best measure of central tendency is ______________.

A. arithmetic mean.
B. geometric mean.
C. harmonic mean.
D. mode.

4. The sum of absolute deviations about median is ___________.

A. the least
B. the greatest
C. zero
D. equal

5. Skewness is positive when mean is ___________.

A. greater than mode.
B. less than mode.
C. equal to mode.
D. negative.

6. When the value of r=+1, the correlation is ____________.

A. negative.
B. postitive.
C. perfect positive.
D. perfect negative.
7. When the value of r=1, the correlation is _____________.
A. negative.
B. positive.
C. perfect positive.
D. perfect negative.

8. When the value of r=0, it is said to be ___________.

A. no correlation.
B. positive.
C. perfect positive.
D. perfect negative.

9. A grouped distribution can be represented by __________.

A. Frequency polygon.
B. Histogram.
C. Frequency curve.
D. Ogives.

10. The regression lines helps to find the __________

A. average of x and y.
B. average of x only.
C. average of y only.
D. the median of x and y

11. Subdivided bar diagram can be prepared on percentage basis _____________.

A. always.
B. never.
C. sometimes.
D. at a particular time.

12. Positively skewed distribution is ____________.

A. symmetrical
B. asymmetrical
C. both
D. none

13. In a positively skewed distribution mean>median is ____________.

A. lesser than mode
B. equal to mode
C. greater than mode
D. none

14. The straight line trend is represented by the equation ____________.

A. y=a+bx
B. y=mx
C. y=ax/ay
 D. y=a*bx

15. Standard deviation is the _________ of variation.

A. least measure.
B. best measure.
C. average.
D. none of the above.

16. In discrete and continuous frequency distributions N= ___ .

A. the sum of frequency.
B. number of observations.
C. minimum value.
D. maximum value.

17. .Mid point is equal to _____________.

A. upper limitlower limit.
B. upper limit+lower limit.
C. (Upper limit + lower limit)/2
D. (Upper limit + lower limit)/4

18. The value of median from the following data is ____________. 1100, 1150, 1080, 1120,
1200, 1160, 1400
A. 1100.
B. 1150.
C. 1400.
D. 1340.

19. The value of median from the following data is _____________. 391, 384, 591, 407, 672,
522, 777, 753, 2488, 1490.
A. 384
B. 591
C. 753
D. 522

20. The mode of the following series is __________. 3,5,8,5,4,5,9,3.

A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 0.

21. The standard deviation measures the absolute ___________.

A. dispersion.
B. average.
C. skewness.
D. kurtosis.
22. The standard deviation is extremely useful in judging the representativeness of the
___________ .
A. dispersion.
B. mean.
C. skewness.
D. kurtosis.

23. __________ is used to compare the variability of two or more than two series.
A. mean.
B. Standard deviation.
C. Coefficient of variation.
D. Mean deviation.

24. _________ analysis deals with the association between two or more variables.
A. correlation.
B. regression.
C. skewness.
D. kurtosis

25. __________ is an analysis of the co variation between two or more variables.

A. dispersion.
B. average.
C. correlation
D. regression

26. The simplest device for ascertaining whether two variables are related is to prepare a dot
chart is called __________ .
A. graphical method.
B. scatter diagram method.
C. method of least square.
D. concurrent deviation method.

27. The coefficient of correlation is said to be a measure of ___________ between two series.
A. covariance.
B. mean.
C. variance.
D. standard deviation.

28. The spearman rank correlation coefficient is a___________ measure of rank correlation.
A. parametric
B. nonparametric
C. linear
D. nonlinear

29. The regression equation of x on y is expressed as ___________.

A. y=a+b.
 B. y=ab.
C. y=a+bx.
D. y = a/bx.

30. The regression equation of y on x is expressed as ___________.

A. x=a+b.
B. x=ab.
C. x=a+by.
D. x = a/bx.

31. If two regression coefficients are 0.8 and 0.6 the value of the coefficient of correlation is
__________
A. 0.917.
B. 0.899.
C. 0.789.
D. 0.693

32. The coefficient of correlation value ranges between ___________.

A. o & 1
B. 1 & 1
C. 1 & 0
D. none

33. A bag contains 10 black and 20 white balls, a ball is drawn at random. What is the
probability that it is black?
A. 1/2
B. 1/3
C. 0.
D. 3.

34. Two events are said to be _________when both cannot happen simultaneously in a single
trial.
A. Mutually exclusive events.
B. Exhaustive events.
C. Equally likely events.
D. Independent events.

35. Two events are said to be ________ when the outcome of one does not affect, and is not
affected by the other.
A. Dependent.
B. Exhaustive events.
C. Equally likely events.
D. Independent.

36. _______ events are those in which the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one event in any one
trial affects the probability of other events in other trials.
 A. Dependent.
B. Exhaustive events.
C. Equally likely events.
D. Independent.

37. Events are said to be ________ when one does not occur more often than the others.
A. Mutually exclusive events.
B. Exhaustive events.
C. Equally likely events.
D. Independent

38. Events are said to be _______when their totality includes all the possible outcomes of a
random experiment.
A. Dependent.
B. Exhaustive events.
C. Equally likely events.
D. Independent.

39. Simultaneous occurrence of two events A and B is generally written as ______.

A. A / B.
B. A + B.
C. A B.
D. AB.

40. The set S of all possible outcomes of given experiment is called the __________of the
experiment.
A. Sample space.
B. Exhaustive events.
C. Total number of events.
D. Elementary events.

41. The addition theorem states that if two events A and B are mutually exclusive the probability
of the occurrence of either A or B is the sum of the individual probability of A and B.
Symbolically____.
A. P ( A or B ) = P(A) + P(B) .
B. P ( A or B ) = P(A) + P(B) P(AB).
C. P ( A or B ) = P(A) P(B).
D. P ( A or B ) = P(A)/ P(B).

42. One card is drawn from a standard pack of 52. What is the probability that it is either a king
or queen?
A. 2/13 .
B. 1/13.
C. 3/13.
D. 4/13.
43. Probability of picking a card that is either a heart or a spade is _______.
A. 7/2 .
B. 5/2.
C. 1/2.
D. 3/2.

44. What is the probability of picking a card that is red or black?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 0.
D. 1/2.

45. A bag contains 8 white and 4 red balls. Five balls are drawn at random. What is the
probability that 2 of them are red and 3 white?
A. 0.555 .
B. 0.424.
C. 0.765.
D. 0.987.

46. A bag contains 6 white, 4 red and 10 black balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is the
probability that they will be both black?
A. 0.432 .
B. 0.575.
C. 0.732.
D. 0.237.

47. A ___________ process is a process wherein an experiment is performed repeatedly.

A. Binomial..
B. Poisson.
C. Normal.
D. Bernoulli.

48. The mean of binomial distribution is________.

A. np.
B. npq.
C. np/q.
D. npq(qp).

49. A coin is tossed six times. What is the probability of obtaining four or more heads?
A. 0.344.
B. 0.444.
C. 0.544.
D. 0.644.

50. A Poisson distribution is a _________probability distribution.

A. discrete
 B. continuous.
C. Normal.
D. random.

51. A random sample is collected from the population and its statistics is ________ design.
A. Twogroup.
B. Onegroup.
C. Matchedpair data analysis .
D. Multiplegroup.

52. When the sample size n is less than 30 it is called ________ .

A. small sample test.
B. large sample test.
C. ANOVA.
D. none of these.

53. The hierarchy of subheadings in the research report are_____________.

A. Centred, underlined.
B. Centred, not underlined.
C. None of the above.
D. Both a and b.

54. Hyphen is a _____________ .

A. Small horizontal line.
B. Large horizontal line.
C. Dotted line.
D. Splitted line.

55. Print paper for the research report should be only on____ paper.
A. Mat .
B. Low quality glossy .
C. High quality glossy .
D. Filter .

56. The literature review is _____________ process.

A. Open.
B. Closed.
C. Discontinuous.
D. Continuous.

57. The shortlist of working bibliography is____________.

A. Pertinent.
B. Selected .
C. Annotated.
D. Permanent.
58. In references if the author is a woman it is usual to spell her ____.
A. Name
B. First name
C. Sur name
9/21
D. Name with initial

59. When the reference is quoted in a research report more than one author is given as et al
which is ____.
A. Italic with full stop
B. Italic
C. Bold
D. Capital

60. Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Binomial distribution?

A. All trials must be independent.
B. Each trial must be classified as a success or a failure.
C. The number of successes in the trials is counted.
D. The probability of success is equal to .5 in all trials.

61. ___________ is a statistical inference?

A. A decision, estimate, prediction, or generalization about the population based on
information contained in a sample.
B. A statement made about a sample based on the measurements in that sample.
C. A set of data selected from a larger set of data.
D. A decision, estimate, prediction or generalization about sample based on information
contained in a population.

62. Which of the following statements is false?

A. The t distribution is symmetric about zero.
B. The t distribution is more spread out than the standard normal distribution.
C. As the degrees of freedom get smaller, the tdistribution's dispersion gets smaller.
D. The t distribution is moundshaped.

63. For statistical inference about the mean of a single population when the population standard
deviation is unknown, the degrees for freedom for the t distribution is equal n1 because we lose
one degree of freedom by using the ___________ .
A. sample mean as an estimate of the population mean.
B. sample standard deviation as an estimate of the population standard deviation.
C. sample proportion as an estimate of the population proportion.
D. sample size as an estimate of the population size.

64. In testing the hypothesis, Null hypothesis = 200 Alternative hypothesis is less than 200 the
sample mean is found to be 120. The null hypothesis is ________ .
A. should be rejected.
B. should not be rejected.
 C. should be rejected only if n > 30 .
D. none of the above answers is correct.

65. Under which of the following circumstances is it impossible to construct a confidence

interval for the population mean?
A. A nonnormal population with a large sample and an unknown population variance.
B. A normal population with a large sample and a known population variance.
C. Nonnormal population with a small sample and an unknown population variance.
D. A normal population with a small sample and an unknown population variance.

66. Which of the following is true about the t distribution?

A. Approaches the normal distribution as its degrees of freedom increase.
B. Assumes the population is normally distributed.
C. It is more spread out than the standard normal distribution.
D. All of the above statements are true.

67. Which of the following is not a necessary assumption underlying the use of the Analysis of
Variance technique?
A. The samples are independent and randomly selected.
B. The populations are normally distributed.
C. The variances of the populations are the same.
D. The means of the populations are equal.

68. Which of the following is INCORRECT about the use of a paired experiment?
A. The object of pairing (or blocking) is to account for the effect of possible other factors
(such as fertility of soils).
B. The analysis of paired data starts by finding the difference between the values of the
pair. The order of the difference (as long as it is consistent) is unimportant.
C. It is crucial to recognize pairing. If pairing is not recognized, the results will not be as
accurate and precise as possible.
D. Because pairing is beneficial, we can pair all data by matching the smallest value of
each sample, the second smallest value of each sample, the third smallest value of each
sample, etc.

69. The mean and variance of a poisson distribution is __________.

A. and .
B. M and n.
C. P and q.
D. R and s.

70. The area under the normal curve for Z = 1.54 is _________ .
A. 0.4382.
B. 0.4999.
C. 0.5.
D. 0.2345.
71. The area to the left of Z = 1.96 is ____________ .
A. 0.8760.
B. 0.9786.
C. 0.9750
D. 0.9866.

72. A normal curve has x = 20 and = 1 0 . The area between X1 = 15 and X2 =40 is ____ .
A. 2.0.
B. 3.0.
C. 4.0.
D. 5.0.

73. The hypothesis is true but our test rejects it. It is known as ___________ .
A. Type I error.
B. Type II error.
C. wrong decision.
D. None of the above.

74. The word statistics seems to have been derived from the latin word____.
A. statistik
B. status
C. statista
D. statistil

75. Statistics is most commonly used in ____________.

A. Maths.
B. Science.
C. Economics
D. Sociology.

76. Statistics is the ____________ of estimates and probabilities.

A. Science.
B. Economics.
C. Sociology.
D. Social science.

77. Statistics is essential for a ____________ .

A. city.
B. state.
C. country.
D. village.

78. Laws of ___________ science are perfect.

A. physical.
B. moral.
C. social.
 D. economical.

79. Statistics is a _________ statement.

A. numerical.
B. quantitative.
C. qualitative.
D. none of the above.

80. Numerical data alone constitute ______________.

A. Mathematics.
B. Statistics.
C. Physics.
D. Chemistry

81. Statistics is widely used in _________.

A. collection.
B. education.
C. comparison.
D. none of the above.

82. Time series are also called ___________ .

A. qualitative
B. chronological.
C. quantitative
D. geographical.

83. ____________ classification is the universe classified.

A. manifold
B. qualitative.
C. qualitative.
D. spatial.

84. __________ is the method in which the upper limit of one class is the lower limit of the next
class.
A. inclusive.
B. exclusive.
C. openend class
D. none of the above.

85. The collected data in any statistical investigation are known as ____________.
A. raw data.
B. discrete series.
C. continuous series.
D. none of the above

86. ___________ determine median, quartiles, and percentiles.

 A. frequency polygon.
B. histograms.
C. frequency curve.
D. ogives.

87. __________curve should begin and end at the base line.

A. ogives.
B. frequency.
C. histogram.
D. none of the above.

88. The data collected for the first time is called as __________ .
A. sources.
B. facts.
C. primary data
D. secondary data.

89. Mean, median and mode are known as ___________.

A. average of position.
B. mathematical average.
C. measures of central tendency.
D. measures of dispersion.

90. The most popular method of measuring the representative value is ________ .
A. arithmetic mean.
B. harmonic mean.
C. geometric mean.
D. median.

91. If the lower limit of the first class interval and upper limit of the last class interval are not
known, it is called_____________.
A. closedend classes.
B. openend classes.
C. midend classes.
D. none of the above.

92. When the total number of observations are divided by the sum of reciprocals of the numbers
it is known as _________ .
A. harmonic mean.
B. geometric mean.
C. arithmetic mean.
D. mean deviation.

93. The value of the group of data are arranged in an order either on an ascending or descending
order to find ______________ .
A. mean.
 B. median.
C. mode.
D. d.range.

94. The measure of the degree of scatter of data from the central value is _____________.
A. dispersion.
B. skewness.
C. averages.
D. correlation.

95. In standard deviation method, deviations should be taken only from_____.

A. harmonic mean.
B. arithmetic mean.
C. geometric mean.
D. median.

96. The relative measure of standard deviation is called _______________ .

A. variance.
B. arithmetic mean.
C. coefficient of variation.
D. none of the above.

97. Variance is the square of _____________ .

A. range.
B. quartile deviation.
C. mean deviation.
D. standard deviation.

98. Algebraic sum of deviations from mean is _____________.

A. positive.
B. negative.
C. zero.
D. linear.

99. Sum of squares of deviations is minimum when taken from ______________ .

A. mean.
B. median.
C. mode.
D. range.

100. Decraese in one variable influences the decrease in other variable is _________.
A. multiple correlation.
B. simple correlation.
C. negative correlation.
D. positive correlation.

Answer Keys:
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A
11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. B
21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. C
31. D 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A
41.B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. A
51. B 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. B 59. A 60. D
61. A 62. C 63. A 64. D 65. C 66. D 67. D 68. D 69. A 70. A
71. C 72. A 73. A 74. B 75. C 76. A 77. C 78. A 79. A 80. B
81. B 82. B 83. A 84. A 85. A 86. D 87. C 88. C 89. C 90. A
91. B 92. A 93. B 94. A 95. B 96. C 97. D 98. C 99. A 100. D