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Name: T.L.V.Peiris
Student Number: GS/Msc/Food/3630/08
University of Sri Jayawardenapura
Canning of fish
3.1.1. Introduction
Although freezing is the easiest way to preserve fish, canning does offer some advantages.
Canned fish is shelf stable and will not take up freezer space. Canning produces a moist, flaky
product. Canning also eliminates the bone problem because bones soften and become edible.
Mullet (suckers) and other bony fish are often canned in the Great Lakes area for this reason.
Canning is a relatively modern process which enables food to be preserve in an edible condition
for longer period under various storage conditions.
Generally three processes are involved.
1] Sealing in the can.
2] Heat sterilization.
3] Cooling to the ambient temperature.
In the fish canning, fish to be put in to the can in fresh condition. Then the within the can is
removed by exhausting and after that can is seamed using a seamer. After seaming cans are
subjected to sterilization
3.1.2. Materials
Fish
SS Vessels
Knives
Cutting boards
Salt solution [saturated]
2% salt solution
Autoclave
3.1.3. Method
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Canning of fish
3.1.4. Result
3.1.5. Discussion
Fish were brined to dehydrate and make the environment unfit for microbes to grow. Here we
reduce the water activity if the solution. Due to this reverse osmosis occur and this retards the
microbial load.
When filling into can a headspace should be kept since to avoid explosion danger during
retorting.
Exhausting step is very important to remove soluble gases in the can to avoid oxidation and
spoilage.
Typical retorting conditions for tuna processed at 115.6° and 121.1 °C in a variety of can sizes
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Canning of fish
Seaming operation is also important. This operation is to be done properly to avoid leakages.
Sterilization temperature and time are very critical for the shelf life of the canned product.
Water which is used for cooling after sterilization should be thoroughly cleaned, to avoid
recontamination.
Shelf life of canned fish is about 2 years, however it is better to consume within first year due to
nutrient reduction [each year nutrient reduction take place by 20%].
3.2.1. Introduction
Solutions of sugar or brine are used in preserving canned food. Concentration of the salt or sugar
solution determines the shelf life of these foods. Therefore, concentration of these salt and sugar
solution is one of the important factors used in the evaluation of their quality.
3.2.2. Materials
Canned fish
50 mL burette
10 mL & 25 mL pipette
250 mL volumetric flask
250 mL titration flask
100 mL volumetric flask
Watch glass
Funnel
0.1 M Silver Nitrate
Potassium Chromate indictor
3.2.3. Method
5 mL of brine sample was pipette out and diluted to 250 mL. 25 mL of diluted brine was
pipette out in to 250 mL titration flask.
1 mL of potassium chromate indicator was added and titrated with 0.1M silver nitrate until a
distinct reddish brown color appeared and persisted on brisk shaking.
Titration was repeated.
3.2.4. Results
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Canning of fish
3.2.5. Discussion
In this titration at the 1st AgCl is formed and then when we continue addition of Ag this will react
with CrO4-2 at the end point (Ag2 CrO4 – reddish brown color). Since the Ksp Value of AgCl is
low and Ag2CrO4-2 is high fist AgCl precipitate is formed.
Sodium Chloride in the brine solution removes water from the tissue and make the environment
unfit for microbial growth, due to high salt concentration water activity get redued.
Soluble protein and amino acids are concentrated in the brine solution.
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