Period 17

CLAUSES & PHRASES OF RESULT

OBJECTIVE : By the end of this review, Ss will be able to talk about result by using the structure with SO
/ SUCH THAT and TOO / ENOUGH with Infinitive.
MATERIAL : handouts
PROCEDURES :
TIMING CONTENTS T & SS ACTIVITIES
7 I. WARM-UP
- Complete each of the following sentences with the suitable word - T gives Ss the
from the list : SO, SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH handouts with the
1. The job was too hard for James to do. exercise of filling
2. James was too weak to do that job. the suitable words.
3. This song is easy enough for us to sing. - Ss work in groups.
4. He doesnt work hard enough to get a promotion.
5. We didnt have enough time to visit the temple.
6. The weather was so bad that we cancelled the picnic.
7. It was such a bad day that we cancelled the picnic.
8. It was such bad weather that we cancelled the picnic.
9. He has so much money that he doesnt have to work.
10. He has such a lot of money that he doesnt have to work.
8 II. PRESENTATION
- Look at the sentences in Warm-up and give the form and use of the - T uses the sentences
structures. in Warm-up as
CONCEPT CHECK samples.
* S + V + SO + ADJ / ADV + THAT-CLAUSE (6) - T helps Ss exploit
* S + V + SUCH + (A / AN) ADJ + N + THAT-CLAUSE (7, 8) the form and use.
* S + V + TOO + ADJ / ADV (FOR + O) + TO-INFI. (1, 2)
* S + V + ADJ / ADV + ENOUGH (FOR +O) TO-INFI. (3, 4)

III. PRACTICE
10 - Exercise 1 Combine each pairs of sentences, using SO / SUCH - T give Ss the
THAT handouts.
10 - Exercise 2 Use the construction TOO TO to rewrite - In groups, Ss finish
the following sentences. the exercises and
7 - Exercise 3 Rewrite the following sentences, using ENOUGH give the answers
instead of TOO. with the explanation
for each situation.
3 IV. HOMEWORK
- Review Clauses and Phrases of result
- Do Exercise 5 (handout).

HANDOUT 17
Exercise 1 Complete each of the following sentences with the suitable word from the list : SO, SUCH,
TOO, ENOUGH
1. The job was ...... hard for James to do.
2. James was ...... weak to do that job.
3. This song is easy ...... for us to sing.
4. He doesnt work hard ...... to get a promotion.
5. We didnt have ...... time to visit the temple.
6. The weather was ...... bad that we cancelled the picnic.
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 7. It was ...... a bad day that we cancelled the picnic.
8. It was ...... bad weather that we cancelled the picnic.
9. He has ...... much money that he doesnt have to work.
10. He has ...... a lot of money that he doesnt have to work.
Exercise 2 Combine each pairs of sentences, using SO / SUCH THAT
1. This is an interesting film. I want to see it again and again.
- This is such an interesting film that I want to see it again and again.
2. The lesson is very difficult. Nobody can understand it.
- The lesson is so difficult that nobody can understand it.
3. My brother was excited about the trip. He couldnt sleep.
- My brother was so excited about the trip that he couldnt sleep.
4. My sister has a beautiful voice. We all like to hear her sing.
- My sister has such a beautiful voice that we all like to hear her sing.
5. There were a lot of guests. There wasnt enough food.
- There were such a lot of guests that there wasnt enough food.
6. There was a lot of food. Everyone ate too much.
- There was such a lot of food that everyone ate too much.
7. Tom is an intelligent boy. He is always at the top of his class.
- Tom is such an intelligent boy that is always at the top of his class.
8. This is an expensive house. Nobody can buy it.
- This is such an expensive house that nobody can buy it.
9. The work is very hard. I cant finish it on time.
- The work is so hard that I cant finish it on time.
10. This song is very simple. All of us can sing it.
- This song is so simple that all of us can sing it.
Exercise 3 Use the construction TOO TO to rewrite the following sentences.
1. The box is so heavy that she cant carry it.
- The box is too heavy for her to carry.
2. These shoes are very small. I cant wear them.
- These shoes are too small for me to wear.
3. It was so late that she couldnt go home.
- It was too late for her to go home.
4. She was so tired that she couldnt eat.
- She was too tired to eat.
5. It is so cold that we cant go out.
- It is too cold for us to go out.
6. The man is so poor that he cant buy anything.
- The man is too poor to buy anything.
7. My brother is so short that he cant play basketball.
- My brother is too short to play basketball.
8. This novel was so interesting that I couldnt put it down.
- This novel was too interesting for me to put down.
9. This soup is so hot that we cant eat it.
- This soup is too hot for us to eat.
10. This room was so dark that I couldnt see anything.
- This room was too dark for me to see anything.
Exercise 4 Rewrite the following sentences, using ENOUGH instead of TOO.
1. This shirt is too expensive for me to buy.
- This shirt isnt cheap enough for me to buy.
2. The water in this pool is too dirty to drink.
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 - The water in this pool isnt pure enough to drink.
3. He studied so badly to pass his exams.
- He didnt study well enough to pass his exams.
4. The test was too difficult for them to do.
- The test wasnt easy enough for them to do.
5. This book is too dull to read.
- This book isnt clear to read.
6. The room is too noisy for us to study.
- The room isnt quiet enough for us to study.
7. This bag is too heavy for her to carry.
- This bag isnt light enough for her to carry.
8. This road is too dangerous for her to go at night.
- This road isnt safe for her to go at night.
9. Your handwriting is too bad to read.
- Your handwriting isnt beautiful enough to read.
10. My sister is too weak to run fast.
- My sister isnt strong enough to run fast
Exrcise 5 Choose the best answer among A, B, C, and D.
1. It is city that he got lost.
A. a such big B. such big C. such a big D. a very big
2. There are in the universe that we cant count them.
A. so much stars B. so many stars C. such stars many D. such stars much
3. He has to do that he cant go to the cinema with us.
A. so much work B. so many work C. such much work D. such a work
4. The film was boring that we had left before the end.
A. such B. too C. so D. enough
5. Faradays father was poor to send him to school.
A. so B. too C. much D. very
6. It took time to learn this lesson.
A. so B. such C. so much D. so many
7. Ive never seen people in one place.
A. so much B. so many C. so much of D. so this many of
8. She is to understand it.
A. too intelligent B. very pretty C. enough ability D. too young
9. It is book that just a few people like it.
A. so an old B. so old C. such an old D. such old
10. It was too late
A. to go for them to the party B. because they go to the party
C. so they go to the party D. for them to go to the party
11. His lessons were interesting that no one felt bored with them.
A. too B. very C. so D. such
12. It was that we went for a walk.
A. such beautiful weather B. so nice weather
C. so as beautiful night D. such a nice weather
13. They are
A. so lazy boys as they are punished B. so lazy boys that they are punished
C. such lazy boys that they are punished D. such lazy that they are punished
14. Im I cant keep my eyes open.
A. so tired that B. such a tired C. too tired that D. very tired that
15. It was a boring speech that I felt sleep.
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 A. so B. too C. very D. such

Period 18
CLAUSES & PHRASES OF RESULT (Cont)
OBJECTIVE : By the end of this review, Ss will be able to talk about more forms of result
MATERIAL : handouts
PROCEDURES :
TIMING CONTENTS T & SS ACTIVITIES
7 I. WARM-UP
- Asking ss to list : MANY, MUCH, LITTLE, FEW, - Ss work in groups.
8 II. PRESENTATION
- Look at the words in Warm-up and give the form and use of the - T focuses Ss on the
structures related to result. use of SO with
NOTES MANY, MUCH,
All the forms above refer to result. LITTLE and FEW.
TOO TO-INFI refers to a negative result.
ENOUGH TO-INFI. Refers to an affirmative result.
ENOUGH may be used before a Noun. (5)
SO must be used before MANY, MUCH, LITTLE, FEW (9);
but SUCH can be used before A LOT OF (10)
Adjective may not be used with SUCH
Ex : He is such a boy that everyone likes to talk to.
III. PRACTICE
10 - Exercise 1- Rewrite the following sentences, using the words given: - T give Ss the
handouts.
10 - Exercise 2- choose the best option - In groups, Ss finish
the exercises and
7 - Exercise 3- Choose the best answer: give the answers
with the explanation
for each situation.
3 IV. HOMEWORK
- Review Clauses and Phrases of reason and contrast
- Do Exercise 3 (handout).

HANDOUT 18
Exercise 1- Rewrite the following sentences, using the words given:
1. We went to bed early because we were very tired.
We were so ..
2. The weather was very cold. We couldnt go out.
The weather was too ..
3. The film was so interesting that we couldnt miss it.
Is was such .
4. David has too many girlfriends. He cant remember all of their names.
David has so ...
5. Tom drives too fast, so he often causes accidents.
Tom drives so .
6. John was very angry. He couldnt say anything.
John was too
7. These exercises are so long that I cant finish them in an hour.
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 They are such ..
8. It was such long homework that I couldnt finish it.
The homework was so .
9. Tom is too young to go to the cinema by himself.
Tom isnt old ..
10. I live far from school, so I cant walk there.
I live too .
11. The shelf is too high for the boy to reach.
The shelf isnt .
12. This pen is too expensive for me to buy.
This pen isnt ..
13. That house is not big enough to live in.
That house is too .
14. It was such an excellent show that we all enjoyed it.
The show is .
15. We had to find a shelter because the rain was very heavy.
The rain was so ..
Exercise 2- choose the best option
1. My mouth is burning! This is ___________ spicy food that I dont think I can finish it.
A. such B. so C. very D. too
2. Our village had ____________ money available for education that the school had to close.
A. so little B. such little C. so much D. such much
3. Timmy spent __________money buying movie tickets that he didnt have enough left to buy a soft drink.
A. such B. a lot of C. too much D. so much
4. It was _________that we went for a hike in the mountain.
A. so a nice day B. such nice a day C. so nice a day D. such a day nice
5. There are not __________ jobs for all of us.
A. such B. so C. enough D. too
6. The T- shirt in the window was ________ expensive for me to buy.
A. too B. enough C. so D. very
8. Sarah speaks so ____________ that I cant understand her.
A. fast B. fastly C. faster D. fastest
9. Mr. Brown has ________ many patient ________ he is always busy.
A. too that B. very until C. such that D. so- that
10. The coat is __________for me to wear.
A. too large B. so much C. very much D. too much
11. The furniture was _________.
A. such expensive that I couldnt buy it B. enough cheap for me to buy
C. so expense that I did buy it D. too expensive for me to buy
12. There are ________ planets in the universe that we cant count them.
A. so much B. such C. so many D. so
13. Paul was ________ sad about his examination results that he didnt smile all week.
A. enough B. so C. such D. too
14. The road is _______________.
A. so slippery that we drove fast B. so slippery for us to drive fast
C. too slippery for us to drive D. too slippery that we cant drive fast.
15. Uranus is just _________ to be seen on a clear night with naked eyes.
A. bright enough B. enough brightly C. as enough clear D. bright as enough
16. He was _______ tired that he slept all days.
A. such B. too C. so D. very
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17. The new mathematics teacher seems very pleasant
Yes, hes __________ person
A. a such nice B. a so nice C. such nice D. such a nice
18. I find the local newspapers to be __________ uninformative
Yes, there is hardly any international news
A. so B. such C. so much D. such much
19. Do you know why Eric failed her test?
I dont know. She spent_________ time studying.
A. so B. such C. so much D. such much
20. I have _________, but I dont have time.
A. a vacation for a enough money B. money enough for vacation
C. enough money for vacation D. enough money for vacation
Exercise 3- Choose the best answer:
1. The car is too expensive for him to buy
A. He is not rich enough to buy a car
B. He is not rich enough to buy the car
C. He is not rich enough to buy car
D. He is poor enough to buy the car
2. The story is short enough for her to read.
A. It is such a short story that she can read it.
B. It is such a short story that she can read.
C. The story is too short for her to read.
D. It is such a short story for her to read.
3. Your brother is too young to see the horror film.
A. Your brother is so young for him to see the horror film.
B. Your brother is very young that he cant see the horror film.
C. Your borther is not old enough to see the horror film.
D. Your brother is old enough for him to see the horror film.
4. The dress is not big enough for her to wear.
A. The dress is too small for her to wear.
B. The dress is so small that she cant wear it.
C. It is such a small dress that she cant wear it.
D. All are correct
5. Daisy isnt old enough to get married.
A. Daisy isnt as old as she get married.
B. Daisy isnt too young for her to get married.
C. Daisy is too young to get married.
D. Daisy is so young for her to get married
6. The shirt isnt large enough for him to wear.
A.The shirt is so small that he cant wear.
B.The shirt is so small for him to wear.
C.It is such a small shirt for him to wear.
D.The shirt is too small for him to wear.
7. The coffee was too hot for me to drink.
A. The coffee is so hot that I cant drink it.
B. The coffee is so hot that I cant drink.
C. The coffee was so hot that I couldnt drink.
D. The coffee was so hot that I couldnt drink it
8. The room was so full that we could not get in it.
A. The room was too full to get in.
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 B. The room was too full for us to get in.
C. The room was too full that we could not stay there.
D. The room was such dirty that we could not stay there.
9. The exercises are so difficult that we cannot do it.
A. The exercises are difficult enough for us to do.
B. The exercises are difficult enough to do.
C. The exercises are not easy enough for us to do.
D. The exercises are not easy enough to do.
10.Nobody could move the piano. It was too heavy.
A. The piano was so heavy that nobody couldnt move it
B. The piano was enough heavy to move
C. It was such a heavy piano that nobody could move it
D. It was such heavy piano that nobody could move it
..
Period 19
CLAUSES & PHRASES OF REASON & CONTRAST
OBJECTIVE : By the end of this review, Ss will be able to talk about the relatonship between reason and
result by using BECAUSE or BECAUSE OF and about the contrast by using
(AL)THOUGH, IN SPITE OF, DESPITE or HOWEVER ....
n MATERIAL : handouts
PROCEDURES :
TIMING CONTENTS T & SS ACTIVITIES
5 I. WARM-UP - T gives Ss some
- Fill in each sentence with a suitbale word from the list : questions about
HOWEVER, SPITE, DESPITE, BECAUSE, (AL)THOUGH them.
1. ...... it was cold, I went swimming. - Ss work in groups.
2. It was late; ......, he decided to go home. - T gives FB and uses
3. ...... her low grades, she was admitted to the university. the sentences as
4. In ...... of the fact that the work was hard, they enjoyed sample.
themselves.
5. ...... he was sleepy, he went to bed.
6. ...... of the cold weather, we stayed home.

10 II. PRESENTATION
- Look at the examples. - T uses the answers to
1. (Al)though it was cold, I went swimming. introduce the sample
2. It was late; however, he decided to go home. sentences.
3. Despite / In spite of her low grades, she was admitted to the - Ss observe the
university. sentences and give
4. Despite / In spite of the fact that the work was hard, they enjoyed the form as well as
themselves. the use of the
5. Because he was sleepy, he went to bed. structures.
6. Because of the cold weather, we stayed home. - T focuses Ss on
- CONCEPT CHECK some notes.
* Clause and phrase of Contrast
+ (AL)THOUGH + CLAUSE OF CONCESSION
+ DESPITE / IN SPITE OF + N / V-ing ( PHRASE OF
CONCESSION)
+ DESPITE / IN SPITE OF THE FACT THAT + CLAUSE OF
CONCESSION
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 + Clauses of Contrast may begin with NO MATTER WHAT/ WHO/
WHEN/ HOW (ADJ/ ADV) or WHATEVER/ WHENEVER/
WHEREVER/ WHOEVER/ HOWEVER (ADJ/ ADV)
* Clause and phrase of Reason
+ BECAUSE / SINCE / AS + CLAUSE OF REASON
+ BECAUSE OF + N / V-ing ( PHRASE OF REASON)
+ BECAUSE OF / DUE TO THE FACT THAT + CLAUSE OF
REASON
III. PRACTICE
10 - Exercise 1 Change clauses to phrases with BECAUSE OF / - T gives Ss the
DESPITE / IN SPITE OF / DUE TO. (handout) handouts with four
15 - Exercise 2 Choose the best answer among A, B, C, and D. exercises.
(handout) - Ss have to complete
the four exercises in
groups.
5 IV. HOMEWORK
- Review Clauses and Phrases of purpose

HANDOUT 19
Exercise 1 Fill in each sentence with a suitbale word from the list : HOWEVER, SPITE, DESPITE,
BECAUSE, (AL)THOUGH
1. ...... it was cold, I went swimming.
2. It was late; ......, he decided to go home.
3. ...... her low grades, she was admitted to the university.
4. In ...... of the fact that the work was hard, they enjoyed themselves.
5. ...... he was sleepy, he went to bed.
6. ...... of the cold weather, we stayed home.
Exercise 2 Change clauses to phrases with BECAUSE OF / DESPITE / IN SPITE OF / DUE TO.
1. The plane took off though the weather was bad.
- The plane took off in spite of the bad weather.
2. He studied well though his life was hard at that time.
- He studied well despite his hard life at that time.
3. Although it rained heavily, I went to school on time.
- In spite of the heavy rain, I went to school on time.
4. He didnt stop his car though the traffic light turned red.
- He didnt stop his car despite the red traffic light.
5. Although Jane was sad, she managed to smile.
- In spite of her sadness, Jane managed to smile.
6. The car crashed because the driver was careless.
- The car crashed because of the careless driver.
7. He walked slowly because his leg was badly hurt.
- He walked slowly because of his badly hurt leg.
8. We didnt go out because it rained heavily.
- We didnt go out because of the heavy rain.
9. She went to bed early because she felt tired.
- She went to bed early because of being tired.
10. I cant sleep because the weather is hot.
- I cant sleep due to the fact that the weather is hot.

Exercise 3 Choose the best answer among A, B, C, and D.

1. my father is old, he still goes jogging.
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 A. Although B. Since C. Despite D. In spite of
2. the rain, we postpone our picnic.
A. Because B. Because of C. Though D. In spite of
3. it was raining heavily, he went out without a raincoat.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. However D. Although
4. the wet weather, the football match went ahead.
A. In spite of B. Although C. Though D. However
5. Well never give in they may do or say.
A. although that B. no matter how C. despite D. whatever
6. Although she is rich, she cant afford to buy the car.
A. Rich like she is, she cant afford to buy the car.
B. Rich as she is, she cant afford to buy the car.
C. As rich she is, she cant afford to buy the car.
D. As she is rich, she cant afford to buy the car.
7. Although he took a taxi, Tom still arrived late for the concert.
A. Tom arrived late for the concert because he took a taxi.
B. Tom arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Tom arrived late for the concert.
D. Although Tom took a taxi, he cant come to the concert in time .
8. I meet her, she always wears a blue dress.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whoever D. Whenever

9. comes, dont open the door.

A. No matter what B. No matter who C. No matter how D. No matter whom
10. We cannot see the road the fog.
A. because B. although C. because of D. in spite of
11. These boys were punished they went to school late.
A. because B. because of C. even though D. in spite of
12. We couldnt sleep last night the noise next door.
A. although B. since C. because D. because of
13. I did it they asked me to.
A. so B. because C. because of D. the reason
14. Daisy was late her car was broken down.
A. because B. because of C. if D. whether
15. he cant afford a car, he goes to work by bicycle.
A. Because B. As C. Since D. All are correct
16. They were sacked their carelessness.
A. because B. because of C. although D. despite
17. The boys were punished coming to class late.
A. because B. because of C. so D. although
18. The mother got angry because
A. her sons bad behaviour B. her son will behave badly
C. her son behaved badly D. her son bad behaving
19. He lost his job his laziness.
A. because B. because of C. if D. although
20. We couldnt go out because the weather was so bad.
A. The weather was so bad but we went out.
B. If the weather were fine, we could go out.
C. Whatever weather he had, we couldnt go out.
D. We couldnt go out because of the bad weather.
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 ..........................................................

Period 20
CLAUSES & PHRASES OF PURPOSE
OBJECTIVE : By the end of this review, Ss will be able to talk about purpose by using the structure with
SO THAT / IN ORDER (THAT) / SO AS with Infinitive.
MATERIAL : handouts
PROCEDURES :
TIMING CONTENTS T & SS ACTIVITIES
5 I. WARM-UP - T gives Ss some
- Answer the following questions. questions about
1. Do you like studying English ? Why ? them.
2. Why (What) do you study English (for) ? - Ss work in groups.
3. Do you want to become an English teacher ? Why ? - T gives FB and uses
4. Do you want to get a good job at foreign company ? Why the sentences as
sample.
10 II. PRESENTATION
- Look at the examples. - T uses the answers to
1. Lam studies English so that he will become an English teacher. introduce the sample
2. Lan studies English in order that she can work in a foreign sentences.
office. - Ss observe the
3. Nam studies English so as to speak to foreigners. sentences and give
4. Linh and Tam study English for their further study abroad. the form as well as
- CONCEPT CHECK the use of the
* Clause of Purpose structures.
MAIN CLAUSE + SO THAT - T focuses Ss on
/ IN ORDER THAT + S + WILL / CAN + V(-to) some notes.
Phrase of Purpose
MAIN CLAUSE + SO AS / IN ORDER (FOR + O) + TO-INFI
to express a purpose
- NOTES :
+ WILL and CAN are usually used in Clauses of Purpose
+ SO AS and IN ORDER can be omitted. But when Phrases of
Purpose are in the negative form, we cannot omit SO AS and
IN ORDER.
+ FOR + NOUN is also used to express a purpose.
III. PRACTICE
9 - Exercise 1 Use phrase or clause of purpose to combine each - T gives Ss the
pair of the following sentences. (handout) handouts with four
9 - Exercise 2 Change phrases of purpose to clauses of purpose or exercises.
vice versa. (handout) - Ss have to complete
9 - Exercise 4 Choose the best answer among A, B, C, and D. the four exercises in
(handout) groups.
3 IV. HOMEWORK
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 - Review of the conjunctions
HANDOUT 20
Exercise 1 Use phrase or clause of purpose to combine each pair of the following sentences.
1. She went to the bookshop. She wanted to buy a dictionary.
- She went to the bookshop so that she could buy a dictionary.
2. My brother is learning English. He can get a good job.
- My brother is learning English in order that he can get a good job.
3. My parents sent me to the U.S.A. They wanted me to study computer there.
- My parents sent me to the U.S.A so that I could study computer there.
4. The teacher spoke very slowly. He wanted his pupils to understand what he said.
- The teacher spoke very slowly in order that his pupils could understand what he said.
5. Miss Hoa locked the door. She didnt want to be disturbed.
- Miss Hoa locked the door so that she couldnt be disturbed.
6. We turned out the lights. We didnt want to waste electricity.
- We turned out the lights so that we couldnt waste electricity.
7. They tried to do their job well. They wanted the boss to increase their salary.
- They tried to do their job well so that the boss would increase their salary.
8. Im learning English. I want to read books in English.
- Im learning English in order that Ill read books in English.
9. My father drove carefully. He didnt want to cause accidents.
- My father drove carefully so that he couldnt cause accidents.
10. Please close the windows. I dont want anybody to look at my house.
- Please close the windows so that no one will look at my house.
Exercise 2 Change phrases of purpose to clauses of purpose or vice versa.
1. He climbed the tree in order to get a better view.
- He climbed three in order that he could get a better view.
2. Leave early so that you may get home before dark.
- Leave early (so as) to get home before dark.
3. She went to the library in order that she could borrow some books.
- She went to the library (in order) to borrow some books.
4. He hurried to the station so as not to miss the train.
- He hurried to the station so that he couldnt miss the train.
5. I went to see him so that I could find out what had happened.
- I went to see him (so as) to find out what had happened.
6. I got up early so that I couldnt be late for school.
- I got up early so as not to be late for school.
7. I shouted in order that I could warn everyone of danger.
- I shouted (in order) to warn everyone of danger.
8. John is practicing the guitar to play for the dance.
- John is practicing the guitar so that he can play for the dance.
9. We should do morning exercises regularly so as to improve our health.
- We should do morning exercises regularly so that we will improve our health.
10. She put on warm clothes so that she wouldnt catch cold.
- She put on warm clothes in order not to catch cold.
Exercise 3 Choose the best answer among A, B, C, and D.
1. We set off early we wouldnt get stuck in the traffic.
A. although B. so that C. because D. in case
2. Mary put on her scarf she get cold.
A. in order that will not B. so as to would not
C. so that would not D. to will not
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 3. The schoolboys are in a hurry they will not be late for school.
A. so as to B. to C. for D. in order that
4. He lighted the candle I might read the note.
A. as long as B. because C. and D. so that
5. He had to explain the lesson very clearly
A. in order that his students to understand it B. in order that his students could understand it
C. so as his students to understand it D. so that his students to understand it
6. We have to start early we wont be late.
A. so that B. so as to C. because D. although
7. They went to the seaside they wouldnt be disturbed by the noise of the city.
A. in order that B. so that C. so as to D. A and B are correct
8. We stopped at a square have a rest.
A. so as B. in order that C. in order to D. in order
9. My parents got up very early morning pack the car for our journey.
A. so that B. in order that C. in order to D. in order
10. You may put your money in a small coin bank
A. so that to keep it safe B. so as not to keep it safe
C. in order to keep it safe D. not to keep it safe
Period 21:
TYPES OF CLAUSES IN COMPLEX, COMPOUND SENTENCES
OBJECTIVE : By the end of this review, Ss will be able to know more about the use of conjunctions in
sentences
n MATERIAL : handouts
PROCEDURES :
TIMING CONTENTS T & SS ACTIVITIES
5 I. WARM-UP - Brainstorming - T asks ss to list
- Make a list of conjunctions : conjunctions
so, if, because, although, . - Ss work in groups.

10 II. PRESENTATION
- Look at the examples. - T uses the answers to
- Although the weather was very cold, he went out for a walk. introduce the sample
- You can take my car, but you must drive carefully. sentences.
- I couldnt keep my eyes open because I was very tired. - Ss observe the
sentences and give
the use of
conjunction in
sentences
- T focuses Ss on
some notes.
III. PRACTICE
10 - Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with suitable words or phrases - T gives Ss the
(handout) handouts with three
15 - Exercise 2 Choose the best answer among A, B, C, and D. exercises.
(handout) - Ss have to complete
- Exercise 2 Rewrite the second sentence in each pair. Use no more the exercises in
than five words including the word given in brackets. Do NOT groups.
change this word. (handout)
5 IV. HOMEWORK
- Review the vocabulary and the contents of the reading texts of
12
 Unit 9 & 10.
HANDOUT 21
EXERCISE 1 Complete each sentence using one of the words or phrases from the box. You can use some
words more than one.
BUT UNTIL EVEN THOUGH PROVIDED SO BECAUSE
SINCE OF SO THAT BECAUSE HOWEVER AND
1. I like sports cars. , I dont want to buy one for myself.
2. Theres a 50-kiloometer speed limit on this road most drivers go faster than that.
3. Shrek is a childrens movie, parents like watching it, too.
4. My husband always gets up at 6.30 a.m., I tend to get up at the same time.
5. Most people like this restaurant its friendly atmosphere.
6. there had been no customers all day, the manager decided to close the shop early.
7. Ive done the washing up Ive also cleaned the kitchen.
8. Im staying here I get my money back.
9. You can cancel the ticket you tell the airline 48 hours in advance.
10. Im going to the bank now Ill have enough money for shopping
EXERCISE 2 Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.
1. I thought he made an expedition across the Sahara desert. ______ , I have recently heard he didnt.
A. Therefore B. However C. Thats why D. As a result
2. We have little water left, ___________ be careful not to waste a drop.
A. and B. but C. so D. however
3. Jane has a computer, _______________ she doesnt use it.
A. and B. since C. but D. in spite of
4. I am not so good at English, _______________ I have to practice more.
A. but B. so C. while D. despite
5. Everyone thought she would accept the offer. ______________, she turned it down.
A. However B. So C. Too D. Moreover
6. They didnt eat anything _______________ they were very hungry.
A. although B. in spite C. despite D. in spite of
7. I didnt recognize her _______________ meeting her twice.
A. although B. because of C. in spite of D. despite of
8. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain B. of the rain C. it was raining D. there was a rain
9._______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
10._______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired C. In spite
being tired D. Despite tired
EXERCISE 3 Rewrite the second sentence in each pair. Use no more than five words including the word
given in brackets. Do NOT change this word.
1. Lisa gave up smoking because she wanted to keep healthy. (ORDER)
- Lisa gave up smoking healthy.
2. I couldnt keep my eyes open because I was very tired. (SO)
- I was keep my eyes open.
3. Your children are so young that they cant understand this. (TOO)
- Your children are this.
5. Dont you think this is the best film you have ever seen ? (SUCH)
- Have you film before ?

13
6. Dont talk so loud ! The boss may be listening. (IN CASE)
- Dont talk so loud listening.
7. Although she was ill, she visited other ruins. (IN SPITE OF)
- In she visited other ruins.
8. The book was so good that everyone bought it. (SUCH)
- It that everyone bought it.
9. Rita doesnt just dance, she also sings. (ONLY)
- Not but she also dance.
10. We walked out of the cinema because the film was too boring. (SO)
- The film walked out of the cinema.
- Since I I lost my job.
Period 22
THEME 3 : NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT
OBJECTIVE : By the end of this review, Ss can get more vocabulary about the topic Nature and
Environment and some more information about deserts and elephants in the world.
PROCEDURES :
TIMIN CONTENTS TEACHERS & STUDENTS ACTIVITIES
G
PART 1 PRONUNCIATION - T gets Ss to work in groups of four to choose the correct
& WORD STRESS answer.
10
- T asks Ss to give the correct answers and then checks the
answers with the whole class.
- T gets Ss to work in groups of 4.
10 PART 2 VOCABULARY - Ss discuss the answers and gives explanation.
- T gives feedback and comments.
- T helps Ss to get the main idea of the paragraph, runs
PART 3 GAP FILL, through the blanks and elicits the parts of speech and
10
FINDING MISTAKES structures that may be used for the blanks.
- Ss work in groups of 4.
- T runs through the stems (questions) and helps Ss to get
PART 4 READING the general idea of the passage.
10
COMPREHENSION - Ss work in pairs.
- T gives feedback and comments.
5 HOMEWORK Review all the - T gives instruction of how to do the homework.
contents of periods 11, 12, and
13
HANDOUT 22
I. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others.
1. A. environment B. temperature C. experience D. endangerment
2. A. desert B. rainfall C. surface D. species
3. A. oasis B. hummock C. moisture D. cactus
4. A. elevation B. eucalyptus C. exploitation D. rhinoceros
5. A. primary B. habitat C. extinction D. urbanize
II. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently.
6. A. attained B. identified C. remained D. reduced
7. A. derives B. solves C. stretches D. decides
8. A. desert B. western C. species D. leopard
9. A. ocean B. eastward C. increase D. appeal
10. A. sandy B. stable C. wetlands D. enact
III.Choose the option that best fits the blank in each sentence.
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 11. Is this method of stopping desert ...... harmful to the environment ?
A. stretching B. expansion C. development D. progress
12. After a hot, dry day, the temperature in the desert can drop to below ...... point at night.
A. freezing B. cooling C. warming D. boiling
13. When trees are gone, the smaller plants die and the land becomes ......
A. pasture B. plain C. waste D. desert
14. Some deserts are ...... while the others are rocky or snowy.
A. oily B. muddy C. sandy D. watery
15. Hot deserts experience high ...... during the day all year round.
A. degree B. temperatures C. weather D. climate
16. Could you tell me the causes of species ...... ?
A. danger B. endangered C. endangerment D. dangerous
17. ...... is the act of preventing something from being lost, wasted, damaged or destroyed.
A. Extinction B. Priority C. Conservation D. Biodiversity
18. There are a number of ...... that should be taken to protect endangered animals.
A. measures B. policies C. methods D. activities
19. Government should take measures to stop people from doing ...... to the environment.
A. good B. damage C. harm D. bad
20. We should enact laws to protect wildlife from ...... exploitation.
A. commercial B. domestic C. international D. legal
21. The most serious problem of modern times is that man is destroying the natural of the earth and
transforming huge areas into wasteland.
A. resources B. sources C. sorts D. origins
22. A / an ___ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.
A. dangerous B. endanger C. endangered D. danger
23. __________ is the existence of a wide variety of plant and animal species living in their natural
environment. .
A. Biodiversity B. Conservation C. Globe D. Individual
24. Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with ____________.
A. extinct B. extinction C. extinctive D. extinctly
25. Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the list and obtain
legal _____________ .
A. protect B. protection C. protective D. protector
IV. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined
part that needs correction.
26. Scientists(A) won't be able (B)to investigate the seabed if (C)there were (D)no modern
devices.
27. People are (A)surprising that Saudi Arabia has (B)such a small population in comparison
(C)to its land and (D)size.
28. A (A)dangerously situation (B)was (C)created by the (D) bad roads.
29. (A)Although species evolve differently, most of them (B)adapt to a specific habitat or environment
(C) that best meets their (D)survive needs.
30. (A) Biological is a branch of Natural Science and is (B)the study of living organisms and how they
(C)interact with (D)their environment.
V. Choose the best word to fill in each blank in the passage.
Deserts (1) ...... about 20 per cent of the earths land area. The desert is a (2) ...... environment
with very little rainfall and extreme temperatures. Some deserts get both very hot during the day and very
cold during the night. Some others, (3) ......, are always cold (for example, the Gobi Desert in Asia and the
desert on the continent of Antarctica).

15
 Different animals live in different types of deserts. To avoid daytime heat, many desert animals
burrow beneath the surface or hide in the shade during the day, (4) ...... at night to eat. Many desert
animals (5) ...... drink at all; they get all the water they need from their food.
31. A. lie B. cover C. have D. spread
32. A. harsh B. difficult C. terrible D. terrific
33. A. so B. but C. however D. therefore
34. A. emerge B. emerges C. emerging D. to emerge
35. A. need B. must C. mustnt D. dont have to
VI. Read the passage and then choose the best answer for each question.
Asian elephants used to live in the forests from Iraq to Southern China. Since these forests were
cut down to make room for farms and villages, the elephants had to live in small, hilly regions. These
small areas cannot supply enough food for them. An adult elephant eats about 331 pounds (150 kg) of
grasses, leaves and other plants each day. When forests were larger, Asian elephants migrated with the
seasons. In this way, they found new food supplies. The plants and trees could also grow again after
elephants left.
Today, there is nowhere for the elephants to go. Experts say that the Asian elephant population is
about 55,000 living on a habitat of about 19,000 square miles (30,400 square kilometres). In contrast to
this, the African elephant population is about 10 times this size and live on almost 3 million square miles
(4.8 million square kilometres) of available habitat.
36. How much does an adult elephant eat a day ?
A. About 150 kg of grasses, leaves and other plants.
B. About 331 kg of grasses, leaves and other plants.
C. About 19,000 kg of grasses, leaves and other plants.
D. About 30,400 kg of grasses, leaves and other plants.
37. How can Asian elephants find new food supplies ?
A. They made forests larger. B. They found other plants.
C. They migrated with the seasons. D. They could grow plants and trees.
38. How many African elephants are there today ?
A. 19,000 B. 30,400 C. 55,000 D. 550,000
39. Which of these sentences is TRUE to the text ?
A. Asian elephants habitat is bigger that Africans.
B. Asian elephants habitat is as big as Africans.
C. Africans habitat is bigger than Asians.
D. Africans habitat isnt so big as Asians.
40. According to the text, Asian elephants can be extinct because of ......
A. hunting B. loss of habitat C. change of climate D. polluted environment
..
Period 23
MOCKED TEST 3 (A)
OBJECTIVES : By the end of this period, students will be able :
- to review the knowledge they have already studied,
- to evaluate their ability to understand and do the exercises,
- to correct the mistakes they made in the test by themselves.
MATERIALS : handouts
PROCEDURES :

TIMING CONTENTS TS & SS ACTIVITIES

3 ACTIVITY 1 RECALL WHAT SS WERE CHECKED
- Make a list of what you have already reviewed. - Ss are asked to work in groups.
+ Reading & Vocabulary : Deserts, Endangered Species - Ss are invited to report what
16
 + Clauses and Phrases of Result they have just listed.
+ Clauses and Phrases of Contrast
+ Clauses and Phrases of Purpose
+ Clauses and Phrases of Reason
20 ACTIVITY 2 DO THE EXERCISES
- Do the test again and give the reason why the option is - T asks Ss to work in 4 groups.
chosen. - In groups, Ss do the exercises
- Group 1 : Sentences 1 5 and try to to find out the reason
- Group 2 : Sentences 6 10 for their choice of the answer.
- Group 3 : Sentences 11 15
- Group 4 : Sentences 16 20
- Group 5 : Sentences 21 25
20 ACTIVITY 3 FEEDBACK - T asks each group to give the
- Give the correct answers and the explanation for each. correct answers and the
explanation.
- The other groups may ask some
questions if they have any ideas.
- If Ss give the wrong answers
and there are no ideas from the
other groups, T will help them
to give the correct answers and
explain why the options are
chosen.
2 Homework - Ss take note of what they have
Review vocabulary( topics: Nature and environment) to do at home.

HANDOUT 23
I. Choose the option that best fits the blank in each sentence.
1. Dates are an important food in desert lands and also ...... to many other countries.
A. export B. exporting C. exported D. to export
2. In the ...... in the deserts, grass, trees, food, and other things can be grown and people can set up
permanent homes.
A. islands B. oases C. cities D. dunes
3. The sun shines very strongly ...... every day in the desert.
A. mostly B. regularly C. most D. almost
4. Many plant and animal species are now in danger of ......
A. extinct B. extinction C. extinguishing D. disappearance
5. The person who is an expert about lants and animals is called a ......
A. environmentalist B. agriculturist C. conservationist D. biologist
6. The ...... of forests causes a lot of bad changes to the habitats of many species.
A. appearance B. preservation C. conservation D. disappearance
7. Many species of plants and animals are eliminated each year. We should take actions to protect
the ...... species on this Red List.
A. remaining B. outstanding C. dying D. last
8. The Red List is a ...... list of endangered and vulnerable animal species.
A. long B. local C. global D. national
9. We must work for the ...... of the endangered species.
A. life B. appearance C. survival D. protection
10. Different activities should be carried out to raise the ...... of our people about the matter.
A. knowledge B. thought C. awareness D. understanding
17
II. Choose the option that best fits the blank in each sentence.
11. The film was through.
A. too long for us to see B. too long for us seeing
C. very too long for us to see it D. long enough for us to see
12. Im too tired anything.
A. for doing B. do C. done D. to do
13. The fog was so thick that our flight was cancelled.
A. The fog was quite thick, but the plane still took off.
B. Despite the fog, the plane took off.
C. Our flight was cancelled because the fog was quite thick.
D. We had a nice flight in such thick fog.
14. I spoke slowly. The foreigner could understand me. means
A. I spoke slowly so that the foreigner could understand me.
B. I spoke slowly in order to the foreigner could understand me.
C. I spoke slowly that the foreigner could understand me.
D. I spoke slowly to make the foreigner could understand me.
15. They were talking in whispers nobody could hear them.
A. in order to B. so that C. in order that D. B and C are correct
16. My mother needs a tin opener this bottle.
A. to open B. in order to open C. so as to open D. All are correct
17. ...... there was no electricity, I was able to read because I had a candle.
A. Unless B. Until C. Because D. Even though
18. I cant come out tonight ...... Ive got too much homework.
A. but B. while C. because D. although
19. Three nuclear power stations were built ...... widespread opposition.
A. so B. whether C. in case D. despite
20. Daisy is motivated to study ...... she knows that a good education can improve her life.
A. so B. because C. because of D. although
III.Choose the letter whose underlined part needs correcting.
21. He (A) studied very (B) hard (C) so as he (D) could pass the examination.
22. Although there (A) was (B) a lot of noise, (C) but I managed (D) to get to sleep
23. (A) The fog was (B) very thick that we could (C) hardly see (D) the road.
24. (A) Because the fact that the Asian crisis, (B) the companys profits (C) fell by 15% (D) during 1997.
25. (A) The lesson (B) was too difficult (C) for anyone to understand (D) it.
Period 24
MOCKED TEST 3 (B)
OBJECTIVES : By the end of this period, students will be able :
- to review the knowledge they have already studied,
- to evaluate their ability to understand and do the exercises,
- to correct the mistakes they made in the test by themselves.
MATERIALS : handouts
TIMING CONTENTS TS & SS ACTIVITIES
3 ACTIVITY 1 RECALL WHAT SS
WERE CHECKED - Ss are asked to work in groups.
- Make a list of what you have - Ss are invited to report what they have just listed.
already reviewed.
+ Reading & Vocabulary : Deserts,
Endangered spieces
20 ACTIVITY 2 DO THE EXERCISES
- Do the test again and give the - T asks Ss to work in 5 groups.
18
 reason why the option is chosen. - In groups, Ss do the exercises and try to find out the
- Group 1 : Sentences 26 30 reason for their choice of the answer.
- Group 2 : Sentences 31 35
- Group 3 : Sentences 36 40
- Group 4 : Sentences 41 45
- Group 5 : Sentences 46 50
20 ACTIVITY 3 FEEDBACK - T asks each group to give the correct answers and
- Give the correct answers and the the explanation.
explanation for each. - The other groups may ask some questions if they
have any ideas.
- If Ss give the wrong answers and there are no ideas
from the other groups, T will help them to give the
correct answers and explain why the options are
chosen.
2 HOMEWORK - Ss take note of what they have to do at home.
- Review the use of Articles and
Expressions of Quantity.
HANDOUT 24
IV. Choose the best word to fill in each blank in the passage.
Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (1) ...... Many species of
animals are threatened, and could easily become (2) ...... if we do not make an effort to protect them.
There are many reasons for this. In some cases, animals are hunted for their fur or for other valuable parts
of their bodies. Some birds, such as parrots, are caught (3) ...... , and sold as pets. For many animals and
birds, the problem is that their habitats the place where they live is (4) ...... More land is used for
farms, for houses and industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there once were. Farmers use
powerful chemicals to help them grow better crops, but these chemicals pollute the environment and
harm wildlife. The most successful animals on Earth, human being, will soon be the only ones (5) ......
unless we can solve this problem.
26. A. danger B. threat C. problem D. vanishing
27. A. disappeared B. vanished C. empty D. extinct
28. A. lively B. alive C. for life D. for living
29. A. exhausting B. departing C. escaping D. disappearing
30. A. left B. over C. staying D. survived
V. Read the passage and then choose the best answer for each question.
Desertification the degradation of formerly productive land became well known in the 1930s,
when parts of the Great Plains in the United States turned into the Dust Bowl as a result of drought and
poor practices in farming, although the term itself was not used until almost 1950. During the dust bowl
period, millions of people were forced to abandon their farms and livelihoods. Greatly improved
methods of agriculture and land and water management in the Great Plains have prevented that disaster
from recurring, but desertification presently affects millions of people in almost every continent.
Increased population and livestock pressure on lands has accelerated desertification. In some
areas, nomads moving to less arid disrupt the local ecosystem and increase the rate of erosion of the land.
Nomads are trying to escape the desert, but because of their land-use practices, they are bringing the
desert with them.
It is a misconception that droughts cause desertification. Droughts are common in arid and
semiarid lands. Well-managed lands can recover from drought when the rains return. Continued land
abuse during droughts, however, increases land degradation.
31. The word abandon in the passage is closest in meaning to ......
A. follow B. sell C. leave D. rebuild
32. The word disaster in the passage refers to ......
19
 A. the destruction of productive land B. the Dust Bowl desertification
C. poor farming methods D. the terrible result of drought
33. In paragraph 1, the author explains the term desertification by ......
A. telling the time and place that it ocurred
B. providing a definition in the text
C. describing widespread damage it caused
D. emphasizing its destructive power
34. Why does the author mention nomads in paragraph 2 ?
A. To prove that they destroy land.
B. To contrast them with population and livestock.
C. To provide an example of unwise use of land.
D. To describe the nomadic lifestyle.
35. According to the passage, the most common cause of desertfication is ......
A. drought B. inreased population
C. livestock pressure on lands D. poor management of land
VI. Choose the option that best fits each of the following exchanges.
36. A : Id like the blue jacket, can I try it on ? B : Yes, ......
A. you would B. you must C. certainly D. you do
37. A : Why are you learning English? B : ...... I need it for my job.
A. So B. Because C. But D. If
38. A : Tom, ...... are you going to Paris ? B : Next week.
A. when B. how C. where D. which
39. A : Tom, tell me what ...... there ? B : Oh. Wonderful.
A. is it like B. it likes C. does it like D. it is like
40. A : Are there any chairs in the room ? B : No, there arent ......
A. any B. no C. not D. some
41. Nam: Im going to be the manager of my company next week.
Son: _________
A. Its all right. B. Congratulations! C. Dont mention it. D. Thank you.
42. Lan: Hoa, thank you very much for what youve done for me.
Hoa: _______
A. No, not at all. B. What a pity! C. Yes, youre welcome. D. Never mind
43. Long: Will you lend me your cell phone for a moment, please?
Sang: ________
A. Thank you B. Take care C. Yes, here you are D. Good bye
44. Tom: Would you like to join our picnic?
Mai: ________
A. No. I m a student B. Its careless of youC. Never mind D. Yes, Id love to
45. - You played so well! - _______________.
A. Say it again. I like to hear your words B. I agree. Im so proud of myself
C. Thanks. That is a nice compliment! D. I am so sorry!
46. I went to buy a Rolling Stones CD _______________ the shop didn't have it.
A. and B. but C. therefore D. so
47. Some sand dunes may be over 200 meters _______________ height.
A. with B. at C. on D. in
48. I must say that you have done very well. __________, you should be aware that you still have a lot of
things to learn.
A. Therefore B. So C. But D. However
49. I want to work as an interpreter in the future. ___________, I am studying Russian at university.
A. But B. So C. However D. Therefore
20
50. When she got the news from her family, she could not do anything _________ cry.
A. but B. and C. so D. however

21