Energos - Energy From Waste Plant

Knowsley

Ultra Fine Particulate Matter

Ultra Fine Particulate Matter
Particulate matter equal to or below 2.5 micrometer in aerodynamic diameter
1/30th the width of a human hair

Primary and Secondary formation mainly from combustion sources

Health Studies in USA have shown an association between ultra fine

particulates and increased hospital admissions and even premature death

COMEAP indicates that 1 g/m-3 decrease in PM2.5 over a lifetime exposure of

80 years, will gain 1.5-3.5 days per individual

Regulation of PM2.5
Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe.

PM2.5 annual mean objective of 25 g/m3 in the 2007 Air Quality Strategy

PM 2.5 annual mean objective of 20 g/m3 by 2020

Existing Pollution Levels PM2.5
Annual Data Statistics Automatic Rural and Urban Monitoring Network

Annual Mean Annual Max (1-hour)

Site Unit
Type
2000 2001 2002 2003 2000 2001 2002 2003

Harwell Rur 10 11 10 12 65 57 77 54 ugm-3

(teom)

London UC 14 13 14 14 141 119 253 87 ugm-3

Bloomsbury (teom)

London K 26 25 22 19 330 398 112 83 ugm-3

Marylebone (teom)
Road

Rochester Rur 11 11 11 12 87 127 91 157 ugm-3

(teom)
 Sources of Ultra fine Particulate
Matter in the UK PM2.5
Combustion in energy & transformation

Non-industrial combustion plants

Combustion in manufacturing

Production processes

Solvent use

Road transport

Other mobile sources & machinery

Waste treatment & disposal

Agriculture

Other sources & sinks

Total emission - 95,500 tonnes 2005

- 83,210 tonnes 2010

Combustion of all wastes - 500 tonnes 2005

(including small scale burning and vehicle fires)
Predicted Emissions PM2.5

Energos Plant

Measured Values PM = 0.45 mg/m-3
PM2.5 = <0.03 mg/m-3

Adjusting to WID Limit PM = 0.32 g/s

(Dust =10mg/m3) PM2.5 = 0.021 g/s

Expected operational emissions much lower than the

Limit Values

Put it in to perspective

A petrol car idling emits 0.00004 g/s PM2.5

HGV idling emits 0.00123 g/s PM2.5

Predicted Impacts PM2.5

Receptor Air Quality Baseline Predicted Predicted

Objective Annual Mean Increase Increase
(gm-3) (gm-3) Annual Mean Annual Mean
(gm-3) (%) of Objective
PM2.5 Annual Mean

Knowsley 25 18 0.0020 0.0079

School

S Moorgate 25 18 0.0007 0.0026

Road

Cleadon Close 25 18 0.0013 0.0053

Southdene 25 18 0.0013 0.0053
School

Fruit Distributor 25 18 0.0007 0.0026

Knowsley Park 25 18 0.0040 0.0158
Maypole Farm 25 18 0.0040 0.0158
House SW 25 18 0.0007 0.0026

House NE 25 18 0.0020 0.0079

New Road Farm 25 18 0.0020 0.0079
Summary

PM2.5 not possible to discern a level where there are no adverse effects

- Annual concentration levels set in Air Quality Strategy 2007

- Knowsley EfW will only contribute 0.008% of current standard

Based on COMEAP plus an increase sensitivity of 1.3

(as applied to earlier study) the increased PM2.5 will result in
15 minutes reduction in life expectancy for an 80 year exposure.