Ijetae 0714 118 PDF

International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal), Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2014)
Thermal Analysis of Three Lobes Root Blower

Santanu Chakraborthy1, Anshuman Mehta2
1
Assistant Professor, 2 U.G student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Majhitar,
East Sikkim-737136
Abstract Present paper contains steady state thermal The device consists of two rotor assemblies turning in
analysis of a three lobes root blower. We constructed and opposite directions. The air is pushed around the outside of
analysed a 3D model of root blower. Using ANSYS we the rotors and out the bottom. Air can't leak back up
calculated the temperature distribution and heat flux as well through the rotors due to the close clearances between the
as animate the heat flux over time. The purpose of this
rotors and the case. The outer surface of each rotor lobe
analysis is to determine the clearance or interference of the
rotor lobe seals and the case. Minimizing this clearance under contains a Teflon seal strip to prevent leakage. In order to
start-up and operating temperatures is crucial to reduce pulsing of the pressure, the lobes are often twisted
supercharger performance. We will do this by performing along the rotational axis, or helically.
thermal analysis of the supercharger. The results are
generated by ANSYS Mechanical Toolbar.
Keywords Root Blower, Lobes, Housing, Seal, Finite

Element Method, Mesh, Nodes, Elements, Thermal Gradient,
Heat Flux
I. INTRODUCTION Figure II Movement of the fluid in 3 lobes root blower

The Roots type supercharger or Roots blower is a ANSYS, Inc. is an engineering simulation software
positive displacement lobe pump which operates by (computer-aided engineering, or CAE) developer that is
pumping a fluid with a pair of meshing lobes not unlike a headquartered south of Pittsburgh in the Southpointe
set of stretched gears. Fluid is trapped in pockets business park in Cecil Township, Pennsylvania and United
surrounding the lobes and carried from the intake side to States.
the exhaust. It is frequently used as a supercharger in
engines, where it is driven directly from the engine's
crankshaft via a belt, chain, or gears. It is used to boost the
intake pressure of an internal combustion engine by
approximately 12-15 PSI, drastically improving the
performance of the engine.
Figure III ANSYS Logo
ANSYS was listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange in

1996. In late 2011, ANSYS received the highest possible
score on its SmartSelect Composite Ratings according to
Investor's Business Daily. The organization reinvests 15
percent of its revenues each year into research to
continually refine the software.
ANSYS offers engineering simulation solution sets in
engineering simulation that a design process requires.
Companies in a wide variety of industries use ANSYS
software. The tools put a virtual product through a rigorous
testing procedure (such as crashing a car into a brick wall,
Figure I Three Lobes Root Blower and its parts or running for several years on a tarmac road) before it
becomes a physical object.
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II. DESIGN AND ENVIRONMENT For a two-lobed rotor, the smaller generating circles are
Design, if it is to be ecologically responsible and one-quarter the diameter of the larger. Real Roots blowers
socially responsive, must be revolutionary and radical in may have more complex profiles for increased efficiency.
the truest sense. It must dedicate itself to natures principle Because rotary lobe pumps need to maintain a clearance
of least effort. between the lobes, a single stage Roots blower can pump
Things industrial designers need to mind: gas across only a limited pressure differential. If the pump
is used outside its specification, the compression of the gas
1. Functionality and performance (product must do the generates so much heat that the lobes expand to the point
job) that they jam, damaging the pump
2. Manufacturability, logistics (one should be able to The design and development process of the root blower
make the product) involves various steps; namely design, material selection,
boundary conditions and analysis. The steps are given
III. DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING below.
3.1 Steps of Manufacturing 1. Launch ANSYS/Professional using start menu.
i) Ideate: The designers here brainstorm different ideas, 2. Mechanical Toolbar Setup
solutions for their design problem. The ideal brainstorming 3. Import Model and Plotting Controls
session does not involve any bias or judgment, but instead
builds on original ideas. 4. Material Properties of Rotor, Housing and Seal
ii) Select: By now, the designers have narrowed down their 5. Define Contact Pairs.
ideas to a select few, which can be guaranteed successes 6. Mesh Model.
and from there they can outline their plan to make the 7. Thermal Loads Application
product. 8. Save Database
iii) Implement: This is where the prototypes are built, the 9. Thermal solution
plan outlined in the previous step is realized and the
product starts to become an actual object. 10. Temperature Plots
iv) Evaluate: In the last stage, the product is tested, and A. Launch ANSYS
from there, improvements are made. Although this is the Before beginning this analysis, create a separate folder
last stage, it does not mean that the process is over. The on computer for this job named blower. Launch
finished prototype may not work as well as hoped so new ANSYS/Professional using your start menu. Browse to
ideas need to be brainstormed. select the working directory you just created for this
3.2 Reasons for using physical prototypes job. Enter a job name (blower). All ANSYS files created
for this problem will have a filename of blower followed
1. Minimize risk during product development process by a unique extension. Change the workspace and database
2. Communication/Demonstration (show design form to get sizes for this job to be 512 and 128 respectively. Click
feedback) RUN to start the ANSYS GUI.
3. Check Feasibility (uncover unpredicted phenomena) B. Mechanical Toolbar Setup
4. Parametric modeling (run a matrix of tests to select Go to Toolbar settings. Change Structural to Thermal
design variables to optimize performance) steady state. Change the units to inch-lbm-s-F. Change the
5. Manufacturing/production (test component title to Roots Blower Thermal Analysis.
manufacturing processes, and compatibility and assembly
of components) C. Import Model and Plotting Controls
Pick the Model tab in the Mechanical Toolbar (MTB).
IV. DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT Next, we will import the blower.catpart to
ANSYS. (ANSYS can import a variety of geometry
The simplest form of a Roots blower has cycloidal
formats as well). Pick the Import Geometry button. A
rotors, constructed of alternating tangential sections of
dialog box will appear for you to select the file to import.
hypocycloidal and epicycloidal curves.
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Change the Files of type setting to ANSYS (*db). Select Table 2
and open blower.db. ANSYS will ask if you want to Material Properties Of Housing
import this model as an assembly. Pick Yes. Material Properties for Housing
Use the Pan/Zoom/Rotate function to scrutinize all parts Material Cast Iron
of the model. In the utility menu, pick PlotCtrls. A view Density lbm/in^3] 0.000
control window will appear on your screen. Orient the Thermal Conductivity [B/s-in-F] 7.5000E-03
model to a view similar to the one below: Specific Heat [B/lbm-F] 7.8886e-31
Elastic Modulus 3.0000E07
Specific Weight 0.000
Thermal Expansion Coeff. 9.8900E-06
Poisson Ratio 0.30
Table 3
Material Properties Of Seal
Material Properties for Teflon Seal

Material Teflon
Density lbm/in^3] 2.0186E-04
Thermal Conductivity [B/s-in-F] 1.5000E-03
Specific Heat [B/lbm-F] 7.8886e-31
Elastic Modulus 67000
Poisson Ratio 0.46
The Model has a weight of 3.525 lb (9.1238E-03 lbm).
Figure IV Model Orientation
The Model has a weight of 3.525 lb (9.1238E-03 lbm).

D. Material Selection
We will use three different materials for this model. The
rotor is made of aluminum. The case and bearing plate are
made of cast iron. The seal strips of the rotor are made of
Teflon. First materials are defined and then applied on
respective parts. The description of materials are given
below in tables 1, 2 and 3:
Table 1
Material Properties Of Rotor
Material Properties for Rotor

Material Aluminum
Figure V Model Geometry
Density [ lbm/in^3 ] 2.5880E-04
Thermal Conductivity [B/s-in-F] 6.9000E-03 E. Define Contact Pairs
Specific Heat [B/lbm-F] 7.8886E-31
ANSYS can automatically detect areas that are in or near
Elastic Modulus 1.0600E07
contact and define contact pairs. ANSYS will search for
surfaces that are within a certain proximity to each other
Poisson Ratio 0.33 when defining contact pairs. A proximity tolerance of 100
(Tight) means that surfaces must be exactly touching in
order for contact to be defined.
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For our model, set the tolerance to 100. When ANSYS Observe the FE model carefully, check material
finishes, a dialog will appear indicating that 14 contact properties assigned, and check element type used, check
pairs have been created. This concludes the thermal the real constrain applied to element and its options, check
contact element definition. This dialog contains several how the element division has been done.
contact pairs as shown below in table 4:
G. Thermal Loads Application
Table 4
Nodes And Elements
Two convection loads is applied to the model. The
exterior surfaces of the housing will have an ambient
Entity Number Defined condition of film coefficient h=10 and bulk temperature
SOLID87 41342 T=70. The internal surfaces of the housing and rotor will
TARGE170 2269 have film coefficient h=100 and bulk temperature
CONTA174 472 T=200. Since this is a complex model, it will be difficult
CONTA174 50 select surfaces for the load application. We will utilize the
powerful select logic in ANSYS to help us.
CONTA174 214
The procedure will be to select groups of surfaces for
CONTA174 478
load application and store these as components prior to
CONTA174 50 applying loads. This will save us from having to select
CONTA174 214 surface groups again when we apply pressure loads during
CONTA174 50 the structural analysis.
CONTA174 48 The part blower was subjected to the load environment
CONTA174 62 Environment 1 (see Figure VII and Table 5) and evaluated
CONTA174 212 with a steady-state thermal analysis.
CONTA174 42
Thermal boundary conditions will consist of an elevated
internal temperature convection load and an ambient
CONTA174 42
temperature convection load on the exterior.
Nodes 75334
F. Meshing
In the MTB, pick the Meshtool button. Mesh this model
with a default element size instead of the smartsize
option. Make sure the Smartsize button is not checked.
Under Size Controls, pick Global. For Element edge
length, enter 0.25. Pick whole model and apply
meshing. When complete, pick the Element Plot fly-out
button in the MTB. The mesh should look like the one
below:
Figure VII Model after applying boundary conditions
Figure VI Finite Element Mesh

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Table 5 Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 200.0
Boundary Conditions Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 25
Boundary Conditions Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 200.0
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 26
Type Entity Value Applied Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 200.0
to Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 27
Entities Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 200.0
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 1 Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 28
Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 200.0 Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 200.0
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 13 Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 43
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Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 67 Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 97
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 74 Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 104
750
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 126
Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 70.00 H. Thermal Solution
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 127 Go to ANSYS Main Menu > Solution > Solve > Current
Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 70.00 LS. Accept any warning message appears. Now Go to
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 128 ANSYS Main Menu > General Post Processing > Plot
Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 70.00 Results > Nodal Solution. The window will come up.
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 129 Select DOF Solution and Temperature. Click on OK. The
Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 70.00 nodal displacements will be listed as follows. The
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 130 following figures and tables show the response of the
Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 70.00 part blower to the load environment Environment 1. The
minimum and maximum temperatures are 70.034 degF and
Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 70.00
203.49 degF and the maximum thermal gradient is 1322.0
degF/in . Observe temperature distribution.
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.2000E-01 141 Figure VIII Temperature Distribution
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 146 Table 6
Extreme Temperatures
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 152 Extreme Temperatures [ degF ]
Bulk Temperature [ degF ] 200.0 Minimum 70.034
Convection [ B/s-i2-F ] Area 0.1000 153 Maximum 203.49
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Do not accept or reject a design based solely on the
results shown here. ANSYS, Inc. recommends that you also
take into account experimental test data and/or prior
experience with similar analyses when evaluating a design.
V. CONCLUSION
The project concludes by the fact that in ANSYS, the
part blower was assigned different material properties and
different boundary conditions are applied and following
results are observed:
Minimum temperature= 70.034 degF
Maximum temperature= 203.49 degF
Maximum thermal gradient= 1322.0 degF/in
This project helps us to understand the vital components
Figure IX Thermal gradient distribution of designing.
Table 7 REFERENCES
Thermal Gradients
[1] Chapter- Thermal Analysis, Book- ANSYS Reference Guide,
Thermal Gradients [ degF/in ] Caddcentre
[2] Thermal Structural Analysis of 232392118, Technical, Engleza,
TFX TFY TFZ Vector Sum Limba. www.scritub.com
Minimum -1023.1 -662.36 -235.54 4.03149E-05 [3] Wikipedia
Maximum 403.85 617.68 1214.4 1322.0
Table 8
Thermal Flux
Thermal Flux [ B/s-in^2 ]
TFX TFY TFZ Vector Sum

Minimum -3.0289 -4.6326 -9.1079 2.78173E-07
Maximum 7.6729 4.9677 1.7666 9.9150
752

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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Thermal Analysis of Three Lobes Root Blower

Keywords Root Blower, Lobes, Housing, Seal, Finite

I. INTRODUCTION Figure II Movement of the fluid in 3 lobes root blower

ANSYS was listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange in

Material Properties for Teflon Seal

Figure IV Model Orientation

The Model has a weight of 3.525 lb (9.1238E-03 lbm).

Material Properties for Rotor

Figure VII Model after applying boundary conditions

Figure VI Finite Element Mesh

Maximum 403.85 617.68 1214.4 1322.0

Thermal Flux [ B/s-in^2 ]

TFX TFY TFZ Vector Sum

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