Chapter 1 Vocabulary

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Undefined Terms only explained using examples and descriptions

Point a location. Has neither shape nor size
Line made up of points and has no thickness or width
Plane a flat surface made up of points that extends infinitely in all directions

Collinear points that lie on the same line

Coplanar points that lie in the same plane

Intersection the set of points two or more geometric figures have in common
Defined Terms explained using undefined terms
Space defined as boundless, three-dimensional set of all points
Locus a set of points that satisfy a particular condition

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Line segment can be measured because it has two endpoints

Betweeness of Points for any two real numbers, there is a real number between those two numbers
Congruent segments segments that have the same measure

Constructions methods of creating these figures without the benefit of measuring tools

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Distance the length of the segment with two points as its endpoints
Distance formula
Irrational number a number that cannot be expressed as a terminating or repeating decimal ex:
Midpoint the point halfway between the endpoints of a segment
Segment Bisector any segment, line, or plane that intersects a segment at its midpoint
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Opposite Rays the point that determines exactly two rays

Angle two noncollinear rays that have a common endpoint

Sides the rays of an angle
Vertex The common endpoint of an angle

Interior of an Angle
Exterior of and Angle
Degree dividing the distance around a circle into 360 parts
Right angle

Acute angle

Obtuse angle

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Adjacent Angles two angles that lie in the same plane and have a common vertex and a common side,
but no common interior points

Linear Pair a pair of adjacent angles with noncommon sides that are opposite rays

Vertical Angles two nonadjacent angles formed by two intersecting lines

Complementary Angles two angles with measures that have a sum of 90

Supplementary Angles two angles with measures that have a sum of 180

Perpendicular Lines, segments, or rays that form right angles

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Polygon a closed figure formed by a finite number of coplanar segments called sides that
The sides that have a common endpoint are noncollinear, and
Each side intersects exactly two other sides, but only at their endpoints

Vertex of a Polygon the vertex of each angle

Concave any lines that contain any point in the interior of the polygon

Convex the polygon has no lines that pass through the interior

n-gon a polygon with more than 12 sides

Equilateral polygon a polygon in which all sides are congruent
Equiangular Polygon a polygon in which all angles are congruent
Regular Polygon a convex polygon that is both equilateral and equiangular
Perimeter the sum of the lengths of the sides of the polygon
Circumference the distance around the circle
Area the number of square units needed to cover a surface

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Polyhedron a solid with all flat surfaces that enclose a single region of space
Face each flat surface on the polyhedron
Edges the line segments where the faces intersect
Prism a polyhedron with two parallel congruent bases connected by parallelogram faces

Pyramid a polyhedron that has a polygonal base and three or more triangular faces that meet at a
common vertex

Cylinder a solid with congruent parallel circular bases connected by a curved surface

Cone a solid with a circular base connected by a curved surface to a single vertex

Sphere a set of points in space that are the same distance from a given point

Regular Polyhedron all faces of a polyhedron are regular congruent polygons and all the edges are
congruent
Platonic Solids 5 types of polyhedrons
Surface Area a two-dimensional measurement of the surface of a solid figure
Volume the measure of the amount of space enclosed by a solid figure