GERUND

Gerund se obino naziva glagolskom imenicom i zavrava sena -ing. Ima osobine imenice i glagola.

Gerund ima sledee osobine imenice:

moe da bude subjekat, objekat ili komplement u klauzi.

Swimming is a popular sport. Plivanje je popularan sport.

I like skiing. Ja volim skijanje.

I am fond of reading. Ja volim itanje.

moe da ima jedninu i mnoinu.

I can't keep track of his commings and goings. Ne mogu da pratim njegove dolaske i odlaske.

moe da se upotrebi sa lanom ili drugim determinatorima, sa pridevima, prisvojnim padeom

imenice.

She went to do some shopping. Otila je u kupovinu.

Your calling on us is most unconvenient. Vaa poseta nama je jako neodgovarajua.

Gerund ima sledee osobine glagola:

moe da ima sopstveni objekat.

Playing cards was my favourite hobby. Igranje karata je bio moj omiljeni hobi.

upotrebljava se u glagolskim vremenima.

After having finished his job, he came to the party.

Poto je zavrio posao, doao je na zabavu.

Upotrebljava se u pasivnom stanju

I hate being told what to do. Mrzim da mi se govori ta da radim.

UPOTREBA GERUNDA

Upotreba gerunda posle nekih glagola

Glagoli posle kojih se upotrebljava gerund su: acknowledge+, admit, advocate, anticipate+, appreciate+,
avoid, celebrate, consider (think about), contemplate, defer, delay, deny+, detest, dislike, dispute,
doubt+, endanger, enjoy, entail, envisage, escape, excuse, fancy+, favour, finish, foresee+, forgive,
grudge, imagine+, include, involve, justify, keep (persist in), mean+ (entail), mention+, mind (object to),
miss, necessitate, pardon, pospone, practise, prevent, prohibit, propose+ (suggest), recall+, recollect+,
repent, report+, resent, resist, resume, risk, stop, suffer, suggest+, tolerate, understand+, can't help
(have no control over), can't endure, can't stand, It's no good, It's no use, It's (not) worth. (Glagoli
oznaeni krstiem + mogu da prave klauze koje poinju sa that)

Primeri:

Stop talking! Prestani sa priom!

I'll do the shopping when I've finished cleaning the flat.

Obaviu kupovinu kada zavrim ienje stana.

I don't fancy going out this evening. Ne ide mi se napolje

veeras.

Have you considered going to live in another country? Da li

si razmotrio mogunost da ivi u nekoj drugoj zemlji?

I can't imagine George riding a motor-bike. Ne mogu da zamislim da Dord vozi motorcikl.

When I'm on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early. Kada sam na raspustu, uivam to ne moram da
ustajem rano.

Glagole acknowledge, admit, fancy, imagine, understand, pored gerunda moe da prati objekat
+ to be ili to have .
The scientist admitted being dissapointed with the results of his experiments. Naunik je priznao da je
razoaran rezultatima svojih eksperimenata.

The scientist admitted that the results of his experiments were dissapointing. Naunik je priznao da su
rezultati njegovih eksperimenata razoaravajui.

The scientist admitted the results of his experiments to be disappointing. Naunik je priznao da su
rezultati njegovih eksperimenata razoaravajui.

Gerund posle stop pokazuje prestanak aktivnosti.

He stopped smoking. Prestao je da pui.

Ako stop prati infinitiv njime se iskazuje namera.

He stopped to smoke a cigarette. Zaustavio se da bi popuio cigaretu.

Upotreba gerunda posle frazalnih glagola

Gerund se upotrebljava posle nekih frazalnih glagola kao to su: give up = stop, put off =postpone, keep
ili keep on = do something continuously/repeatedly, go on = continue, carry on = continue

Primeri:

Are you going to give up smoking? Da li namerava da ostavi puenje?

She kept (on) interrupting me while I was speaking. Stalno me je prekidao dok sam govorila.

Upotreba gerunda posle predloga

Gerund se uvek koristi posle predloga, izuzev iza but i except

Primeri:

Are you interested in working for us? Da li vas zanima da radite za nas?

I'm not very good at learning languages. Nisam ba dobar u uenju jezika.

I'm fed up with studying. Sit sam uenja.

The children are excited about going on holiday. Deca su uzbudjena oko odlaska na raspust.
What are the advantages of having a car? Koje su prednosti kada imate kola?

This knife is only for cutting bread. Ovaj no slui jedino za seenje hleba.

John went to work in spite of feeling ill. Don je otiao na posao mada se oseao loe.

I bought a new bicycle instead of going away on holiday. Kupio sam novi bicikl umesto da sam otiao
na odmor.

Treba voditi rauna kada se upotrebljava to, da li je predlog (kada iza njega treba upotrebiti gerund) ili je
deo infinitiva (kada iza njega treba upotrebiti glagol u infinitivu) npr. I go to London (predlog) ili I want to
go. ( deo infinitiva)

Primeri:

I'm looking forward to seeing you again. Jedva ekam da te ponovo vidim.

I prefer cycling to driving. Vie volim biciklizam nego vonju kola.

I am used to staying late. Navikao sam da ostajem kasno.

Zbog ovoga treba voditi rauna da se ne pomeaju dve sline konstrukcije: USED TO
(=accustomed to) + gerund i USED TO + infinitiv :

I am used to staying late. Naviknut sam da ostajem do kasno.

I used to stay late. Nekada sam ostajao do kasno