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2003
MCQ 1.1 The minimum number of equations required to analyze the circuit shown in the
figure is
(A) 3 (B) 4
(C) 6 (D) 7
SOL 1.1 Hence (B) is correct option.
Number of loops = b n + 1
= minimum number of equation
Number of branches = b = 8
Number of nodes = n = 5
Minimum number of equation
= 85+1 = 4
MCQ 1.2 A source of angular frequency 1 rad/sec has a source impedance consisting of 1
resistance in series with 1 H inductance. The load that will obtain the maximum
power transfer is
(A) 1 resistance
(B) 1 resistance in parallel with 1 H inductance
(C) 1 resistance in series with 1 F capacitor
(D) 1 resistance in parallel with 1 F capacitor
SOL 1.2 For maximum power transfer
ZL = ZS* = Rs jXs
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Thus ZL = 1 1j
Hence (C) is correct option.
MCQ 1.3 A series RLC circuit has a resonance frequency of 1 kHz and a quality factor
Q = 100 . If each of R, L and C is doubled from its original value, the new Q of the
circuit is
(A) 25 (B) 50
(C) 100 (D) 200
SOL 1.3 Hence (B) is correct option.
Q = 1 L
R C
When R, L and C are doubled,
Q' = 1 2L = 1 L =Q
2R 2C 2R C 2
Thus Q' = 100 = 50
2
2 2
(A) 2 d 2i + 2 di + i (t) = sin t (B) d 2i + 2 di + 2i (t) = cos t
dt dt dt dt
2 2
(C) 2 d 2i + 2 di + i (t) = cos t (D) d 2i + 2 di + 2i (t) = sin t
dt dt dt dt
SOL 1.5 Applying KVL we get,
di (t) 1
sin t = Ri (t) + L
dt
+
C
# i (t) dt
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di (t)
or sin t = 2i (t) + 2
dt
+ # i (t) dt
Differentiating with respect to t , we get
2di (t) 2d2 i (t)
cos t = + + i (t)
dt dt2
Hence (C) is correct option.
MCQ 1.6 n -type silicon is obtained by doping silicon with
(A) Germanium (B) Aluminium
(C) Boron (D) Phosphorus
SOL 1.6 Pentavalent make n type semiconductor and phosphorous is pentavalent.
Hence option (D) is correct.
MCQ 1.7 The Bandgap of silicon at 300 K is
(A) 1.36 eV (B) 1.10 eV
(C) 0.80 eV (D) 0.67 eV
SOL 1.7 Hence option (B) is correct.
For silicon at 0 K Eg0 = 1.21 eV
At any temperature
EgT = Eg0 3.6 # 10 - 4 T
At T = 300 K,
Eg300 = 1.21 3.6 # 10 - 4 # 300 = 1.1 eV
This is standard value, that must be remembered.
MCQ 1.8 The intrinsic carrier concentration of silicon sample at 300 K is 1.5 # 1016 /m 3 . If
after doping, the number of majority carriers is 5 # 1020 /m 3 , the minority carrier
density is
(A) 4.50 # 1011/m 3 (B) 3.333 # 10 4 /m 3
(C) 5.00 # 1020 /m 3 (D) 3.00 # 10 - 5 /m 3
SOL 1.8 By Mass action law
np = ni2
2 16
p = ni = 1.5 # 10 # 120.5 # 1016 = 4.5 # 1011
n 5 # 10
Hence option (A) is correct.
MCQ 1.9 Choose proper substitutes for X and Y to make the following statement correct
Tunnel diode and Avalanche photo diode are operated in X bias ad Y bias
respectively
(A) X: reverse, Y: reverse (B) X: reverse, Y: forward
(C) X: forward, Y: reverse (D) X: forward, Y: forward
SOL 1.9 Tunnel diode shows the negative characteristics in forward bias. It is used in forward
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bias.
Avalanche photo diode is used in reverse bias.
Hence option (C) is correct.
MCQ 1.10 For an n channel enhancement type MOSFET, if the source is connected at a
higher potential than that of the bulk (i.e. VSB > 0 ), the threshold voltage VT of the
MOSFET will
(A) remain unchanged (B) decrease
(C) change polarity (D) increase
SOL 1.10 Hence option (D) is correct.
MCQ 1.11 Choose the correct match for input resistance of various amplifier configurations
shown below :
Configuration Input resistance
CB : Common Base LO : Low
CC : Common Collector MO : Moderate
CE : Common Emitter HI : High
(A) CB LO, CC MO, CE HI
(B) CB LO, CC HI, CE MO
(C) CB MO, CC HI, CE LO
(D) CB HI, CC LO, CE MO
SOL 1.11 For the different combinations the table is as follows
CE CE CC CB
Ai High High Unity
Av High Unity High
Ri Medium High Low
Ro Medium Low High
Hence (B) is correct option.
MCQ 1.12 The circuit shown in the figure is best described as a
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doubler.
Hence (D) is correct option.
MCQ 1.13 If the input to the ideal comparators shown in the figure is a sinusoidal signal of 8
V (peak to peak) without any DC component, then the output of the comparators
has a duty cycle of
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(C) 46 dB (D) 50 dB
SOL 1.14 Hence (C) is correct option.
CMMR = Ad
Ac
or 20 log CMMR = 20 log Ad 20 log Ac
= 48 2 = 46 dB
Where Ad "Differential Voltage Gain
and AC " Common Mode Voltage Gain
MCQ 1.15 Generally, the gain of a transistor amplifier falls at high frequencies due to the
(A) internal capacitances of the device
(B) coupling capacitor at the input
(C) skin effect
(D) coupling capacitor at the output
SOL 1.15 The gain of amplifier is
gm
Ai =
gb + jC
Thus the gain of a transistor amplifier falls at high frequencies due to the internal
capacitance that are diffusion capacitance and transition capacitance.
Hence (B) is correct option.
MCQ 1.16 The number of distinct Boolean expressions of 4 variables is
(A) 16 (B) 256
(C) 1023 (D) 65536
SOL 1.16 The number of distinct boolean expression of n variable is 22n . Thus
4
22 = 216 = 65536
Hence (D) is correct answer.
MCQ 1.17 The minimum number of comparators required to build an 8-bits flash ADC is
(A) 8 (B) 63
(C) 255 (D) 256
SOL 1.17 In the flash analog to digital converter, the no. of comparators is equal to 2n - 1,
where n is no. of bit.s
So, 2n - 1 = 28 1 = 255
Hence (C) is correct answer.
MCQ 1.18 The output of the 74 series of GATE of TTL gates is taken from a BJT in
(A) totem pole and common collector configuration
(B) either totem pole or open collector configuration
(C) common base configuration
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n =- 3
(A) 5 + j3 (B) 3 j5
(C) 5 + j3 (D) 3 j5
SOL 1.21 Hence (D) is correct answer.
HereC3 = 3 + j5
For real periodic signal
Ck = Ck*
Thus C3 = Ck = 3 j5
MCQ 1.22 Let x (t) be the input to a linear, time-invariant system. The required output is
4 (t 2). The transfer function of the system should be
(A) 4e j4f (B) 2ej8f
(C) 4ej4f (D) 2e j8f
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Y (e j2f )
or j 2 f
= 4e4jf
X (e )
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MCQ 1.31 Twelve 1 resistance are used as edges to form a cube. The resistance between two
diagonally opposite corners of the cube is
(A) 5 (B) 1
6
(C) 6 (D) 3
5 2
SOL 1.31 For current i there is 3 similar path. So current will be divide in three path
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so, we get
Vab b i # 1l b i # 1l b 1 # 1l = 0
3 6 3
Vab = R = 1 + 1 + 1 = 5
eq
i 3 6 3 6
Hence (A) is correct option.
MCQ 1.32 The current flowing through the resistance R in the circuit in the figure has the
form P cos 4t where P is
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(A) >
R + Cs1 H=I2 (s)G = 0 G
R + Ls + Cs1 Ls I1 (s) V
s
=
Ls
(B) > 1 H=
R + Ls + Cs1 Ls I1 (s)
G == G
Vs
Ls R + Cs I2 (s) 0
(C) >
R + Ls + Cs1 H=I2 (s)G = 0 G
R + Ls + Cs1 Ls I1 (s) Vs
=
Ls
(D) > 1 H=
R + Ls + Cs1
G == G
Cs I1 (s) V
s
Ls R + Ls + Cs I2 (s) 0
-
SOL 1.34 At t = 0 circuit is in steady state. So inductor act as short circuit and capacitor
act as open circuit.
At t = 0 - , i1 (0 -) = i2 (0 -) = 0
vc (0 -) = V
At t = 0+ the circuit is as shown in fig. The voltage across capacitor and current in
inductor cant be changed instantaneously. Thus
At t = 0+ , i1 = i2 = V
2R
Hence (A) is correct option.
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MCQ 1.35 An input voltage v (t) = 10 2 cos (t + 10c) + 10 5 cos (2t + 10c) V is applied to a
series combination of resistance R = 1 and an inductance L = 1 H. The resulting
steady-state current i (t) in ampere is
(A) 10 cos (t + 55c) + 10 cos (2t + 10c + tan1 2)
3
(B) 10 cos (t + 55c) + 10 2 cos (2t + 55c)
(C) 10 cos (t 35c) + 10 cos (2t + 10c tan1 2)
3
(D) 10 cos (t 35c) + 2 cos (2t 35c)
SOL 1.35 Hence (C) is correct option
v (t) = 10 2 cos (t + 10c) + 10 5 cos (2t + 10c)
1 4444 2 4444 3 1 4444 4 2 4444 43
v1 v2
3 (s + 3) 2 (s + 3)
(A) 2
(B) 2
s + 2s + 3 s + 2s + 2
3 (s + 3) 2 (s 3)
(C) 2 (D) 2
s + 2s + 2 s 2s 3
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K (s + 3)
Z (s) =
(s + 1 + j)( s + 1 j)
K (s + 3) K (s + 3)
= 2 2
=
(s + 1) j (s + 1) 2 + 1
From problem statement Z (0) = 0 = 3
Thus 3K = 3 and we get K = 2
2
2 (s + 3)
Z (s) = 2
s + 2s + 2
MCQ 1.37 The impedance parameters z11 and z12 of the two-port network in the figure are
(A) z11 = 2.75 and z12 = 0.25 (B) z11 = 3 and z12 = 0.5
(C) z11 = 3 and z12 = 0.25 (D) z11 = 2.25 and z12 = 0.5
SOL 1.37 Using 3 Y conversion
R1 = 2 # 1 = 2 = 0. 5
2+1+1 4
R2 = 1 # 1 = 1 = 0.25
2+1+1 4
R3 = 2 # 1 = 0.5
2+1+1
Now the circuit is as shown in figure below.
z12 = R3 = 0.25
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(A) P - 1, Q - 2, R - 4, S - 3
(B) P - 2, Q - 3, R - 1, S - 4
(C) P - 3 Q - 4, R - 1, S - 2
(D) P - 2, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 3
SOL 1.40 LED works on the principal of spontaneous emission.
In the avalanche photo diode due to the avalanche effect there is large current gain.
Tunnel diode has very large doping.
LASER diode are used for coherent radiation.
Hence option (C) is correct.
MCQ 1.41 At 300 K, for a diode current of 1 mA, a certain germanium diode requires a
forward bias of 0.1435 V, whereas a certain silicon diode requires a forward bias of
0.718 V. Under the conditions state above, the closest approximation of the ratio
of reverse saturation current in germanium diode to that in silicon diode is
(A) 1 (B) 5
(C) 4 # 103 (D) 8 # 103
SOL 1.41 Hence option (C) is correct.
I = Io `e V 1j
V D1
We know that si T
VDsi 0.718
Io
= eVV 1 = e 2 #026.1435
# 10 1
= 4 # 103
-3
or si T
Io DGe
e 26 # 10 1
si
e V 1 T
-3
MCQ 1.42 A particular green LED emits light of wavelength 5490 Ac. The energy bandgap of
the semiconductor material used there is
(Planks constant = 6.626 # 10 - 34 J s )
(A) 2.26 eV (B) 1.98 eV
(C) 1.17 eV (D) 0.74 eV
SOL 1.42 Hence option (A) is correct
34 8
Eg = hc = 6.626 # 10 # 310# 10 = 3.62 J
54900 # 10
E (J) 19
In eV Eg (eV) = g = 3.62 # 1019 = 2.26 eV
e 1.6 # 10
Alternatively
Eg = 1.24 eV = 1.24 = 2.26 eV
(m) 5490 # 104 m
MCQ 1.43 When the gate-to-source voltage (VGs) of a MOSFET with threshold voltage of 400
mV, working in saturation is 900 mV, the drain current is observed to be 1 mA.
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Neglecting the channel width modulation effect and assuming that the MOSFET is
operating at saturation, the drain current for an applied VGS of 1400 mV is
(A) 0.5 mA (B) 2.0 mA
(C) 3.5 mA (D) 4.0 mA
SOL 1.43 We know that
ID = K (VGS VT ) 2
2
Thus ID2 = (VGS2 VT )
ID1 (VGS1 VT ) 2
Substituting the values we have
2
ID2 = (1.4 0.4) = 4
ID1 (0.9 0.4) 2
or ID2 = 4IDI = 4 mA
Hence option (D) is correct.
MCQ 1.44 If P is Passivation, Q is n well implant, R is metallization and S is source/drain
diffusion, then the order in which they are carried out in a standard n well CMOS
fabrication process, is
(A) P Q R S (B) Q S R P
(C) R P S Q (D) S R Q P
SOL 1.44 In n well CMOS fabrication following are the steps :
(i) n well implant (Q)
(ii) Source drain diffusion (S)
(iii) Metalization (R)
(iv) Passivation (P)
Hence option (B) is correct.
MCQ 1.45 An amplifier without feedback has a voltage gain of 50, input resistance of 1 k
and output resistance of 2.5 k. The input resistance of the current-shunt negative
feedback amplifier using the above amplifier with a feedback factor of 0.2, is
(A) 1 k (B) 1 k
11 5
(C) 5 k (D) 11 k
SOL 1.45 Hence (A) is correct option.
We have Ri = 1k, = 0.2, A = 50
Ri
Thus, Rif = = 1 k
(1 + A) 11
MCQ 1.46 In the amplifier circuit shown in the figure, the values of R1 and R2 are such that
the transistor is operating at VCE = 3 V and IC = 1.5 mA when its is 150. For a
transistor with of 200, the operating point (VCE , IC ) is
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In first case
VCC IC1 R2 VCE1 = 0
or 6 1.5mR2 3 = 0
or R2 = 2k
IB1 = IC1 = 1.5m = 0.01 mA
1 150
In second case IB2 will we equal to IB1 as there is no in R1.
Thus IC2 = 2 IB2 = 200 # 0.01 = 2 mA
VCE2 = VCC IC2 R2 = 6 2m # 2 k = 2 V
Hence (A) is correct option.
MCQ 1.47 The oscillator circuit shown in the figure has an ideal inverting amplifier. Its
frequency of oscillation (in Hz) is
(A) 1 (B) 1
(2 6 RC) (2RC)
(C) 1 (D) 6
( 6 RC) (2RC)
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SOL 1.47 The given circuit is a R C phase shift oscillator and frequency of its oscillation is
f = 1
2 6 RC
Hence (A) is correct option.
MCQ 1.48 The output voltage of the regulated power supply shown in the figure is
(A) 3 V (B) 6 V
(C) 9 V (D) 12 V
SOL 1.48 If we see th figure we find that the voltage at non-inverting terminal is 3 V by the
zener diode and voltage at inverting terminal will be 3 V. Thus Vo can be get by
applying voltage division rule, i.e.
20 V = 3
20 + 40 o
or V0 = 9 V
Hence (C) is correct option.
MCQ 1.49 The action of JFET in its equivalent circuit can best be represented as a
(A) Current controlled current source
(B) Current controlled voltage source
(C) Voltage controlled voltage source
(D) Voltage controlled current source
SOL 1.49 For a JFET in active region we have
IDS = IDSS c1 VGS m
2
VP
From above equation it is clear that the action of a JFET is voltage controlled
current source.
Hence option (D) is correct.
MCQ 1.50 If the op-amp in the figure is ideal, the output voltage Vout will be equal to
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(A) 1 V (B) 6 V
(C) 14 V (D) 17 V
SOL 1.50 The circuit is as shown below
V+ = 8 (3) = 8 k
1+8 3
V+ = V- = 8 V
3
Now applying KCL at inverting terminal we get
V- 2 + V- Vo = 0
1 5
or Vo = 6V- 10
= 6 # 8 10 = 6 V
3
Hence (B) is correct option.
MCQ 1.51 Three identical amplifiers with each one having a voltage gain of 50, input resistance
of 1 k and output resistance of 250 are cascaded. The opened circuit voltages
gain of the combined amplifier is
(A) 49 dB (B) 51 dB
(C) 98 dB (D) 102 dB
SOL 1.51 The equivalent circuit of 3 cascade stage is as shown in fig.
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V2 = 1k 50V1 = 40V1
1k + 0.25k
Similarly V3 = 1k 50V2 = 40V2
1k + 0.25k
or V3 = 40 # 40V1
Vo = 50V3 = 50 # 40 # 40V1
or AV = Vo = 50 # 40 # 40 = 8000
V1
or 20 log AV = 20 log 8000 = 98 dB
Hence (C) is correct option.
MCQ 1.52 An ideal sawtooth voltages waveform of frequency of 500 Hz and amplitude 3 V
is generated by charging a capacitor of 2 F in every cycle. The charging requires
(A) Constant voltage source of 3 V for 1 ms
(B) Constant voltage source of 3 V for 2 ms
(C) Constant voltage source of 1 mA for 1 ms
(D) Constant voltage source of 3 mA for 2 ms
SOL 1.52 If a constant current is made to flow in a capacitor, the output voltage is integration
of input current and that is sawtooth waveform as below :
t
VC = 1 # idt
C 0
The time period of wave form is
T = 1 = 1 = 2 m sec
f 500
-3
20 # 10
1
6 #
Thus 3= idt
2 # 10 0
or i (2 # 10 - 3 0) = 6 # 10 - 6
or i = 3 mA
Thus the charging require 3 mA current source for 2 msec.
Hence (D) is correct option
MCQ 1.53 The circuit in the figure has 4 boxes each described by inputs P, Q, R and outputs
Y, Z with Y = P 5 Q 5 R and Z = RQ + PR + QP
The circuit acts as a
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The input bits 0 and 1 are represented by 0 and 5 V respectively. The OP AMP
is ideal, but all the resistance and the 5 v inputs have a tolerance of ! 10%. The
specification (rounded to nearest multiple of 5%) for the tolerance of the DAC is
(A) ! 35% (B) ! 20%
(C) ! 10% (D) ! 5%
SOL 1.57 Hence (A) is correct answer.
Vo = V1 :R bo + R b1 + R b2 + R b 3D
R 2R 4R 4R
Exact value when V1 = 5 , for maximum output
VoExact = 5 :1 + 1 + 1 + 1 D = 9.375
2 4 8
Maximum Vout due to tolerance
Vo max = 5.5 :110 + 110 + 110 + 110 D
90 2 # 90 4 # 90 8 # 90
= 12.604
Tolerance = 34.44% = 35%
MCQ 1.58 The circuit shown in figure converts
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Address 0 2 4 6 8 10 11 14
The clock to the register is shown, and the data on the W bus at time t1 is 0110.
The data on the bus at time t2 is
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then 1010 i.e. 10 is acting as odd, at time t2 and data at that movement is 1000.
Hence (C) is correct answer.
MCQ 1.60 In an 8085 microprocessor, the instruction CMP B has been executed while the
content of the accumulator is less than that of register B . As a result
(A) Carry flag will be set but Zero flag will be reset
(B) Carry flag will be rest but Zero flag will be set
(C) Both Carry flag and Zero flag will be rest
(D) Both Carry flag and Zero flag will be set
SOL 1.60 CMP B & Compare the accumulator content with context of Register B
If A < R CY is set and zero flag will be reset.
Hence (A) is correct answer.
MCQ 1.61 Let X and Y be two statistically independent random variables uniformly
distributed in the ranges ( 1, 1) and ( 2, 1) respectively. Let Z = X + Y . Then
the probability that (z # 1) is
(A) zero (B) 1
6
(C) 1 (D) 1
3 12
SOL 1.61 The pdf of Z will be convolution of pdf of X and pdf of Y as shown below.
z
Now p [Z # z] = #- 3 fZ (z) dz
-2
p [Z # 2] = #- 3fZ (z) dz
= Area [z # 2]
= 1 # 1 #1 = 1
2 6 12
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MCQ 1.63 Let H (f) denote the frequency response of the RC-LPF. Let f1 be the highest
H (f1)
frequency such that 0 # f # f1 $ 0.95 . Then f1 (in Hz) is
H (0)
(A) 324.8 (B) 163.9
(C) 52.2 (D) 104.4
SOL 1.63 The frequency response of RC-LPF is
H (f) = 1
1 + j2fRC
Now H (0) = 1
H (f1) 1
= $ 0.95
H (0) 1 + 42 f12 R2 C2
or 1 + 42 f12 R2 C2 # 1.108
or 42 f12 R2 C2 # 0.108
or 2f1 RC # 0.329
or f1 # 0.329
2RC
or f1 # 0.329
2RC
or f1 # 0.329
21k # 1
or f1 # 52.2 Hz
Thus f1 max = 52.2 Hz
Hence (C) is correct answer.
MCQ 1.64 Let tg (f) be the group delay function of the given RC-LPF and f2 = 100 Hz. Then
tg (f2) in ms, is
(A) 0.717 (B) 7.17
(C) 71.7 (D) 4.505
SOL 1.64 Hence (A) is correct answer
H () = 1
1 + jRC
() = tan1 RC
d () RC
tg = =
d 1 + 2 R2 C2
= 103 = 0.717 ms
1 + 4 # 10 4 # 106
2
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X (t) is a random process with a constant mean value of 2 and the auto
correlation function Rxx () = 4 (e - 0.2 + 1).
MCQ 1.65 Let X be the Gaussian random variable obtained by sampling the process at t = ti
and let
x2
Q () = # 1 e dy
3
2
2
The probability that 6x # 1@ is
(A) 1 Q (0.5) (B) Q (0.5)
(C) Q c 1 m (D) 1 Q c 1 m
2 2 2 2
SOL 1.65 Hence (D) is correct option.
We have RXX () = 4 (e - 0.2 + 1)
RXX (0) = 4 (e - 0.2 0 + 1) = 8 = 2
or = 2 2 Given
mean =0
Now P (x # 1) = Fx (1)
= 1 Qc
m
X
at x = 1
= 1 Qc 1 0 m = 1 Qc 1 m
2 2 2 2
MCQ 1.66 Let Y and Z be the random variable obtained by sampling X (t) at t = 2 and t = 4
respectively. Let W = Y Z . The variance of W is
(A) 13.36 (B) 9.36
(C) 2.64 (D) 8.00
SOL 1.66 Hence (C) is correct option.
W = YZ
E [W2] = E [Y Z] 2
= E [Y2] + E [Z2] 2E [YZ]
= w2
We haveE [X2 (t)] = Rx (10)
= 4 [e - 0.2 0 + 1] = 4 [1 + 1] = 8
E [Y2] = E [X2 (2)] = 8
E [Z2] = E [X2 (4)] = 8
E [YZ] = RXX (2) = 4 [e0.2 (4 2) + 1] = 6.68
E [W2] = w2 = 8 + 8 2 # 6.68 = 2.64
MCQ 1.67 Let x (t) = 2 cos (800) + cos (1400t). x (t) is sampled with the rectangular pulse
train shown in the figure. The only spectral components (in kHz) present in the
sampled signal in the frequency range 2.5 kHz to 3.5 kHz are
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Aejn t dt o
To T /2 o
To /6
= 1 # Aej t dt
o
To To /6
= A [ej t] TT //66 o o
To ( jo) o
= A (ej t e j T /6)
o o o
( j2n)
= A (e j/3 ej/3)
j 2 n
or Cn = A sin ` n j
n 3
From Cn it may be easily seen that 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, harmonics are present and 0, 3, 6, 9,..
are absent. Thus p (t) has 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz, 5 kHz, 7 kHz,... frequency component
and 3 kHz, 6 kHz.. are absent.
The signal x (t) has the frequency components 0.4 kHz and 0.7 kHz. The sampled
signal of x (t) i.e. x (t)* p (t) will have
1 ! 0.4 and 1 ! 0.7 kHz
2 ! 0.4 and 2 ! 0.7 kHz
4 ! 0.4 and 4 ! 0.7 kHz
Thus in range of 2.5 kHz to 3.5 kHz the frequency present is
2 + 0.7 = 2.7 kHz
4 0.7 = 3.3 kHz
MCQ 1.68 The signal flow graph of a system is shown in Fig. below. The transfer function
C (s)/ R (s) of the system is
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(A) 6 (B) 6s
2 2
s + 29s + 6 s + 29s + 6
s (s + 2) s (s + 27)
(C) 2 (D) 2
s + 29s + 6 s + 29s + 6
1 + 29s + s62
s (s + 27)
= 2
s + 29s + 6
Hence (D) is correct option.
MCQ 1.69 The root locus of system G (s) H (s) = K has the break-away point
s (s + 2)( s + 3)
located at
(A) ( 0.5, 0) (B) ( 2.548, 0)
(C) ( 4, 0) (D) ( 0.784, 0)
SOL 1.69 We have
1 + G (s) H (s) = 0
or 1+ K =0
s (s + 2)( s + 3)
or K = s (s2 + 5s2 + 6s)
dK = (3s2 + 10s + 6) = 0
ds
which gives s = 10 ! 100 72 = 0.784, 2.548
6
The location of poles on s plane is
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(s + 0.1) 3 (s + 0.1) 3
(A) 108 (B) 107
(s + 10) 2 (s + 100) (s + 10)( s + 100)
(s + 0.1) 2 (s + 0.1) 3
(C) (D)
(s + 10) 2 (s + 100) (s + 10)( s + 100) 2
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(A) = G (B) = G
tet et
t t
(C) = t G (D) = t G
et t
te te
SOL 1.73 We have
xo1
=xo G = =1 1G=x G and =x (0)G = = 0 G
1 0 x1 x1 (0) 1
2 2 2
A == G
1 0
1 1
(sI A) = = G = G = =
1 s 1G
s 0 1 0 s1 0
0 s 1 1
> H
1
1 >(s 1) 0
H
0 s1
(sI A) 1 = = +1 1
(s 1) 2 + 1 (s 1) (s 1) 2 s1
L1 [(sI A) 1] = eAt = = t t G
et 0
te e
The term 3a1 Ac' ( cos 42f t ) m (t) is a DSB-SC signal having carrier frequency 1. MHz.
c
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MCQ 1.75 c (t) and m (t) are used to generate an AM signal. The modulation index of the
Total sideband power
generated AM signal is 0.5. Then the quantity is
Carrier power
(A) 1 (B) 1
2 4
(C) 1 (D) 1
3 8
SOL 1.75 Hence (D) is correct option.
PT = Pc c1 + m
2
2
2 P (0.5) 2
Psb = Pc = c
2 2
or Psb = 1
Pc 8
MCQ 1.76 c (t) and m (t) are used to generated an FM signal. If the peak frequency deviation
of the generated FM signal is three times the transmission bandwidth of the AM
signal, then the coefficient of the term cos [2 (1008 # 103 t)] in the FM signal (in
terms of the Bessel coefficients) is
(A) 5J4 (3) (B) 5 J8 (3)
2
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Q. VCO 2. Demodulation of FM
R. Foster-Seely discriminator 3. Frequency conversion
S. Mixer 4. Summing the two inputs
5. Generation of FM
6. Generation of DSB-Sc
(A) P 1; Q 3; R 2; S 4 (B) P 6; Q = 5; R 2; S 3
(C) P 6; Q 1; R 3; S 2 (D) P 5; Q 6; R 1; S 3
SOL 1.77 Hence (B) is correct option.
Ring modulation $ Generation of DSB - SC
VCO $ Generation of FM
Foster seely discriminator $ Demodulation of fm
mixer $ frequency conversion
MCQ 1.78 A superheterodyne receiver is to operate in the frequency range 550 kHz - 1650
kHz, with the intermediate frequency of 450 kHz. Let R = Cmax /Cmin denote the
required capacitance ratio of the local oscillator and I denote the image frequency
(in kHz) of the incoming signal. If the receiver is tuned to 700 kHz, then
(A) R = 4.41, I = 1600 (B) R = 2.10, I 1150
(C) R = 3.0, I = 600 (D) R = 9.0, I = 1150
SOL 1.78 Hence (A) is correct option.
fmax = 1650 + 450 = 2100 kHz
fmin = 550 + 450 = 1000 kHz
or f = 1
2 LC
frequency is minimum, capacitance will be maximum
f2
R = Cmax = max 2
= (2.1) 2
Cmin fmin
or R = 4.41
fi = fc + 2fIF = 700 + 2 (455) = 1600 kHz
MCQ 1.79 A sinusoidal signal with peak-to-peak amplitude of 1.536 V is quantized into 128
levels using a mid-rise uniform quantizer. The quantization-noise power is
(A) 0.768 V (B) 48 # 10 - 6 V2
(B) 12 # 10 - 6 V2 (D) 3.072 V
SOL 1.79 Hence (C) is correct option.
2mp
Step size = = 1.536 = 0.012 V
L 128
2 (0.012) 2
Quantization Noise power = =
12 12
= 12 # 106 V2
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MCQ 1.80 If Eb , the energy per bit of a binary digital signal, is 10 - 5 watt-sec and the one-sided
power spectral density of the white noise, N0 = 10 - 6 W/Hz, then the output SNR
of the matched filter is
(A) 26 dB (B) 10 dB
(C) 20 dB (D) 13 dB
SOL 1.80 Hence (D) is correct option.
Eb = 10 - 6 watt-sec
No = 10 - 5 W/Hz
(SNR) matched filler = E o
= 106 = .05
N
2 2 # 10 - 5o
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2 1 2 2 2 3
= 1 [22 12 + 02 22 + 02 32] = 5
2
MCQ 1.86 A uniform plane wave traveling in air is incident on the plane boundary between
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air and another dielectric medium with r = 4 . The reflection coefficient for the
normal incidence, is
(A) zero (B) 0.5+180c
(B) 0.333+0c (D) 0.333+180c
SOL 1.86 Hence (D) is correct option.
=
Reflection coefficient
1
= 2
2 + 1
Substituting values for 1 and 2 we have
= 1 r = 1
o 0
= o r o 4 since r = 4
+ 1 + r
o
o r
1+ o
o
4
= 1 = 0.333+180c
3
MCQ 1.87 If the electric field intensity associated with a uniform plane electromagnetic wave
traveling in a perfect dielectric medium is given by E (z, t) = 10 cos (2107 t 0.1z)
V/m, then the velocity of the traveling wave is
(A) 3.00 # 108 m/sec (B) 2.00 # 108 m/sec
(C) 6.28 # 107 m/sec (D) 2.00 # 107 m/sec
SOL 1.87 Hence (B) is correct option.
We have E (z, t) = 10 cos (2 # 107 t 0.1z)
where = 2 # 107 t
= 0.1
7
Phase Velocity u = = 2 # 10 = 2 # 108 m/s
0.1
MCQ 1.88 A short - circuited stub is shunt connected to a transmission line as shown in
fig. If Z0 = 50 ohm, the admittance Y seen at the junction of the stub and the
transmission line is
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MCQ 1.89 A rectangular metal wave guide filled with a dielectric material of relative permittivity
r = 4 has the inside dimensions 3.0 cm # 1.2 cm. The cut-off frequency for the
dominant mode is
(A) 2.5 GHz (B) 5.0 GHz
(C) 10.0 GHz (D) 12.5 GHz
SOL 1.89 Hence (A) is correct option.
8
u = c = 3 # 10 = 1.5 # 108
0 2
In rectangular waveguide the dominant mode is TE10 and
fC = v ` m j2 + ` n j2
2 a b
8
= 1.5 # 10 ` 0.03 j ` b j
1 2 + 0 2 = 1.5 # 108 = 2.5 GHz
2 0.06
MCQ 1.90 Two identical antennas are placed in the = /2 plane as shown in Fig. The
elements have equal amplitude excitation with 180c polarity difference, operating
at wavelength . The correct value of the magnitude of the far-zone resultant
electric field strength normalized with that of a single element, both computed for
= 0 , is
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Answer Sheet
1. (B) 19. (D) 37. (A) 55. (B) 73. (C)
2. (C) 20. (D) 38. (A) 56. (B) 74. (C)
3. (B) 21. (D) 39. (D) 57. (A) 75. (D)
4. (C) 22. (C) 40. (C) 58. (D) 76. (D)
5. (C) 23. (B) 41. (C) 59. (C) 77. (B)
6. (D) 24. (A) 42. (A) 60. (A) 78. (A)
7. (B) 25. (C) 43. (D) 61. (D) 79. (C)
8. (A) 26. (A) 44. (B) 62. (A) 80. (D)
9. (C) 27. (C) 45. (A) 63. (C) 81. (B)
10. (D) 28. (B) 46. (A) 64. (A) 82. (A)
11. (B) 29. (C) 47. (A) 65. (D) 83. (B)
12. (D) 30. (B) 48. (C) 66. (C) 84. (C)
13. (B) 31. (A) 49. (B) 67. (D) 85. (C)
14. (C) 32. (*) 50. (B) 68. (D) 86. (D)
15. (B) 33. (*) 51. (C) 69. (D) 87. (B)
16. (D) 34. (A) 52. (D) 70 (A) 88. (A)
17. (C) 35. (C) 53. (B) 71 (B) 89. (A)
18. (B) 36. (B) 54. (A) 72 (B) 90. (D)
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